Characteristics Of Research Subjects Research Articles

Analyzing intervention research trends in animal-assisted therapy: a review on the Korean experimental researches from 1998 to 2022.

This study aims to present a more systematic and developmental research direction by classifying animal-mediation related research trends published in Korea. We analyzed the research trends of 68 domestic animal-mediation programs published in 26 journals over the past 24 years under the premise of the necessity of animal-assisted therapy, which considered a very effective intervention method in the practice areas of various subjects. Therefore, this study examines the year of publication of animal-mediation related research conducted in various academic fields from 1998 to 2022, research data sources, characteristics of research subjects, types of interventions and research topics, research design and intervention sessions, intervention methods, and ethical consideration statements. The results of this study are as follows: First, in the source of research and research trends by year, the number of papers published in animal-related societies was the highest at 34 (50%); the number of studies has been steadily increasing since the mid-2000s. Second, regarding research trends by subject, 45 (66%) were general subjects, 23 (34%) were medically diagnosed, 60 (88%) were selected through pre-evaluation, and 8 (12%) were requested. Third, regarding research trends by method, 27 (40%) of the pretests were conducted before and after the experiment-control group, and only 3 (4%) of the 68 papers were examined later. Fourth, regarding research trends by content, depression (25%) was the most frequently applied variable, and regarding intervention sessions, 53 (78%) were less than 12 sessions. Fifth, regarding research trends and ethical consideration statements by treatment approach method, 58 cases (85%) of individual treatment approaches and 10 cases (15%) of intervention approaches integrated with individual treatment approaches, and 23 cases (34%) of studies with ethical consideration statements or the Institutional Review Board's (IRB) approval. Based on the study results, the implications and research directions of animal-assisted therapy related research are discussed.

Comparison of quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis patients based on SNOT-22 before and after administration of saline nasal irrigation at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar

Introduction: Rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the mucosa nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and still a health problem in both developing and developed countries with a high prevalence and impacts in various aspects including quality of life and socioeconomics. Chronic rhinosinusitis occurs in 12.5% of the US population or 31 million patients per year.2 Saline nasal irrigation is a conservative treatment that can be used in patients with rhinosinusitis. Currently, SNOT-22 questionnaire is the best specific questionnaire that can be applied to assess the quality of life of chronic rhinosinusitis patients. Objective: To determine the impact of nasal saline irrigation on the quality of life of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods: This research is an observational study of the one-group test posttest design (before-after study). The selection of samples from all patients chronic rhinosinusitis who come to the ENT-KL polyclinic at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar from October 2019 to December 2020 Result: In this study, the total sample that met the inclusion criteria was 52 people. In this research, it was found that the majority of the research subjects were male as many as 28 sufferers or 53,8%. Based on age, the majority of subjects were aged 25–44 years, namely 24 (46.1%). Based on the characteristics of comorbid diagnoses, there were 22 (42.3%) subjects with turbinate hypertrophy and septal deviation. The mean difference in improvement of SNOT-22 score was found to be 22.4 with a p value of <0.001. Conclusion: From this study, it was found that the most characteristics of research subjects were male, aged 25-44 years, with concomitant diagnoses of turbinate hypertrophy and septal deviation. There was a significant improvement in quality of life based on the SNOT-22 score in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after administration of saline nasal irrigation.

Curcumin: The active compound in turmeric has the potential to reduce pain intensity and increase range of motion during exercise-induced muscle damage

This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of curcumin on pain intensity and ROM during EIMD. This experimental study used a pre and post-control group design. Research subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique and then the subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely the group given a placebo and the group was given curcumin at a dose of 400 mg. A total of 24 healthy men aged between 20-30 years participated in this study. On the first day, all subjects took data on the characteristics of research subjects, then warmed up. Then the subjects did the high-intensity physical exercise in the form of squad and leg press exercises with an intensity of 80-90% of maximum ability. The exercise was carried out in 4 sets for each form of exercise and rest between sets for about 1 minute. On the second day, after 24 hours the subject took pre-test data to measure pain intensity and ROM, then the intervention was given based on each group. On the third day, after 24 hours the subject took post-test data to measure pain intensity and ROM. Measurement of pain intensity using the Visual Analytical Scale (VAS) and measurement of ROM performed in the knee joint using a goniometer. After the data was obtained, the data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 26 application. The results of this study reported that the group given curcumin during EIMD was able to significantly reduce pain intensity (*p<0.05) compared to the group given a placebo. Furthermore, the group given curcumin during EIMD was able to increase ROM significantly (*p<0.05) compared to the placebo group. We believe that the main cause of muscle soreness is the uncontrolled increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-a and IL-6 during EIMD and then decreased ROM for several days after exercise. Since pain intensity and ROM are needed to support body functions, we highly recommend the use of curcumin, which has many positive benefits for sports enthusiasts to support physical performance. Keywords: Curcumin, Pain Intensity, Range of Motion, Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Inflammation

온라인 공간의 비자살적 자해 연구 동향

Objectives The purposes of this study is to analyze domestic and foreign research trends, achievements, and limitations on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in the online space, and to seek the therapeutic intervention methods and the direction of future NSSI research.
 Methods First, a search was conducted with the keywords ‘non-suicide self-injury’ in the academic portal sites RISS, ScienceOn, ScienceDirect, and Google SCHOLAR. Secondary search was conducted within the results with the keywords ‘internet’, ‘online’, and ‘social media’. Based on the search results, 22 papers were selected through a review process to exclude researcher bias, excluding papers that did not meet the purpose of the study. Papers classified in terms of research trends by country, characteristics of research subjects, and research methodologies, and the research results were classified into protective factors, risk factors, and treatment and prevention intervention methods by referring to the analysis framework of previous studies.
 Results Research on non-suicide self-harm in the online space was the most conducted in Canada, and the subject of the study was NSSI-related contents. For the methods, there were 7 quantitative studies and 15 qualitative studies. As for the research topic, NSSI related activities in online space were the most common. Risk factors in online NSSI-related studies were summarized as validation, acquisition of information related to non-suicidal self-injury, satisfaction of interest, negative effects of online communication, effects of homogeneous groups, and trigger functions. And the protective factors were relief of non-suicidal self-injury impulses, cessation of behavior, use as a tool for recovery, acquisition of emotional support, promotion of hope for recovery, window for requesting help, and acquisition of information for helping others. As for the treatment and prevention intervention, the necessity of understanding and utilizing the specificity of the online space in the counseling and prevention education scene and efforts at the online platform were mentioned.
 Conclusions Based on the research results, therapeutic intervention and prevention methods for NSSI activities in online space were proposed, and direction for follow-up studies were suggested.

Application of Innovative Subject Recruitment System for Batch Enrollment: A Pilot Study.

Using a digital process that leverages electronic health records (EHRs) can ease many of the challenges presented by the traditional enrollment process for clinical trials. We tested if automated batch enrollment using a technology-enabled subject recruitment system (TESRS) enhances recruitment while preserving representation of research subjects for the study population in our study setting. An ongoing community-based prospective adult cohort study was used to randomize 600 subjects who were eligible by age and residential address to TESRS (n = 300) and standard mailing method (n = 300), respectively, for 3 months. Then, TESRS was initiated and included automatic identification of patients' preference for being contacted (online patient portal vs postal mail) from EHRs and automatic sending out of invitation letters followed by completion of a short online survey for checking eligibility and the digital consent process if eligible. We compared (1) median time to consent from invitation sent out per subject and total subjects recruited after a 3-month recruitment period, (2) the estimated study staff's time, and (3) representation of sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, race, SES measured by HOUSES index, and rural residence) between subjects recruited via TESRS and those via traditional mailing methods. Median age of randomized subjects (n = 600) was 63 years with 52.0% female and 89.2% non-Hispanic White. Over a 3-month period, results showed consent rate via TESRS was 13% (39/297) similar to 11% (31/295) via standard mailing. However, recruitment was significantly faster with the TESRS approach (median 7 vs 26 days) given the study staff's effort. Study staff's time saved by using TESRS compared to standard mailing approach was estimated at 40 min per subject (equivalent to 200 h for 300 subjects). No significant differences in characteristics of research subjects from the study population were found. Our study demonstrated the utility of TESRS as a subject recruitment digital technology which significantly enhanced the recruitment effort while reducing the study staff burden of recruitment while maintaining the consistency of characteristics of recruited subjects. The strategy and support for implementing and testing TESRS in other study settings should be considered.

MATERNAL SERUM ENDOCAN AS A POTENTIAL PREECLAMPSIA MARKER

Preeclampsia remains the leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The imbalance of interactions between the placenta, immunity and the maternal cardiovascular system also plays a role in preeclampsia. Early onset preeclampsia (POD) and advanced onset preeclampsia (POL) are thought to have different pathomechanisms, causing different clinical symptoms. One theory of preeclampsia is the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction. Endocan as a specific endothelial protein is also thought to have an effect. Various studies on the role of Endocan in cardiovascular disease have also been carried out, while its role in preeclampsia that occurs in pregnant women is still very minimal. This study aims to determine the role of Endocan as a specific endothelial protein in preeclampsia. The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 72 subjects (24 subjects each in the POD, POL and normotensive pregnancy groups) were selected by consecutive sampling. Enzym Linked Immunoabsorbant Assay (ELISA) was performed to assess the Endocan concentration. In general, there is no significant difference in the characteristics of research subjects. Endocan concentrations were found to be higher in the POD group, while in the POL and normotensive pregnancy groups there was no significant difference. Endocan can be considered as a potential marker of preeclampsia, especially early onset.

Hubungan Kadar Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1 (sFlt-1) Ibu Preeklampsia Dengan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi

Soluble Fms like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) is one of the markers that play a role in the pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension. The aims of the research were to determine the relationship beteween sFlt-1 level and birth weight. The samples were preeclampsia inpartu consisting of 22 peopole,, and normal pregnancy women consisting of 18 people. Analytic observational study with cross sectional was conducted. The level of sFlt-1 was examined using ELISA. Statistic analysis used Kruskal Wallis test, One way Anova test and Pearson correlation test.The result indicate that the characteristics of research subject in preeclampsia group and control group do not have a significant difference (p>0.05).The negative linear relationship occured between sFlt-1 level with birth weight in preeclampsia (p=0,015). While, in the group of normal pregnancy was not available of the relationship either sFlt-1 level with birth weight (p>0.05).

Perbandingan Hasil Pemeriksaan Hemoglobin Metode Azidemet Hemoglobin dan Cyanide-Free

Hemoglobin (Hb) adalah komponen utama sel darah merah atau eritrosit yang terdiri dari heme dan globin. Pemeriksaan Hb otomatis dapat dilakukan diantaranya dengan metode Azidemet Hb pada alat Point Of Care Testing (POCT) dan metode Cyanide-free pada alat Hematology Analyzer. Penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil pemeriksaan Hb metode Azidemet Hb dan Cyanide- free.
 Penelitian bersifat observasi analitik cross sectional, dilakukan pada 78 sampel menggunakan alat Quick Chek dan Cell Dyn Ruby di Instalasi Patologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) dr. Moewardi di Surakarta pada bulan Mei - Juni 2017, digunakan uji perbedaan Independent Sample T-Test dan Paired Sample T-Test dengan signifikansi 0,05 dan interval kepercayaan (IK) Karakteristik subjek penelitian mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) umur 51,6 ± 12,89 tahun, perempuan 50 (64,1 %), laki-laki 28 (35,9 %). Hasil mean ± SD kadar Hb metode Azidemet Hb (darah kapiler), Cyanide-free (darah vena), dan Azidemet Hb (darah vena) adalah 11,75 ± 1,65 g/dl, 11,57 ± 1,77 g/dl, dan 11,43 ±1,65 g/dl.
 Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0,51) hasil pemeriksaan Hb metode Azidemet Hb (darah kapiler) dan Cyanide-free (darah vena). Ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0,01) hasil pemeriksaan Hb metode Azidemet Hb (darah vena) dan Cyanide-free (darah vena). Metode Azidemet Hb disarankan hanya digunakan untuk sampel darah kapiler, perlu penelitian lebih lanjut dengan metode dan jenis sampel yang lain.
 Kata kunci : Hemoglobin, metode Azidemet Hb, metode Cyanide-free