Characteristics Of Interpersonal Relationships Research Articles

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SATISFACTION WITH MARRIAGE AND THE PECULIARITIES OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SPOUSES WHO HAVE BEEN MARRIED FOR MORE THAN 5 YEARS

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between marital satisfaction and the characteristics of interpersonal relationships among spouses being married for more than 5 years. A brief review of previous studies on marital satisfaction is provided. The authors’ own research has shown that the degree of satisfaction with marriage does not depend on the length of married life. Spouses with 5 or more years of marriage experience associate high marital satisfaction with a low assessment of the importance of the everyday family organisation, with a low degree of orientation towards the active participation of the husband (wife) in housekeeping, with a low degree of orientation of the husband (wife) towards the fact that the marriage partner must have serious professional interests and play an active social role. The results obtained can be used in conducting psychological consultations and providing psychological assistance to married couples.

Assessment of a Person's Social Success Through the Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships in A Virtual Environment

The sudden spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has convincingly proved the role of social networks in human life activity as an actor of interpersonal relations. The need for isolation and the limitation of face-to-face communication between people has significantly transformed the system of interpersonal connections through an extensive increase in social contacts in the virtual environment and the growing importance of online social services. In the study, we addressed the problem of diagnosing the indicator of social success of a personality, reflecting characteristics of its interpersonal relations in offline activity through the attributes of its virtual activity in social networks. The research was based on the methods of social network analysis and traditional ways of psychodiagnostics. Social networks were analyzed using social graphs - mathematical models that describe the characteristics of relationships between users in social networks through various metrics (friends, elements, edges, density, closeness centrality, degree centrality, clustering coefficient, etc.). The study aims to prove the predictive validity of social graph indicators as predictors of personality social success through correlations of graph characteristics reflecting the features of interpersonal relations of a social network user in a virtual environment with the socio-psychological hands of traditional psychodiagnostic tools. The study included 601 subjects. Data was collected using psychological questionnaires and personal profiles from the social network VKontakte. The results of the study showed correlations between several characteristics of social graphs (density, clustering coefficient, closeness centrality, etc.) and several indicators of psychodiagnostic techniques (Dominance index in relationships with others, Organizational abilities, Desire for people, Narcissism, etc.). The significant contribution of the research is to expand the methodological apparatus of psychological science and to open new methods of predicting interpersonal relations of personality through its activity in a virtual environment.

Features of interpersonal relationships in adolescents with internet addiction

The article is focused on the study of interpersonal relations in adolescents with Internet addiction. The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristics of interpersonal relationships and their relationship with Internet addiction in adolescents. To achieve the research goal, the following psychological tools were used: the «Internet Addiction Scale», the «Dialogic Interpersonal Relationships Scale», and the «Diagnosis of emotional barriers in interpersonal communication». The Kolmogorov-Smirnov criterion and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used for statistical processing of the results, which allow for further qualitative analysis of the data. According to the results of the study, the relationship between emotional obstacles in interpersonal communication and Internet addiction in Internet addicts and Internet independent adolescents was established. The obtained results indicate that with the growing feeling of inability to overcome the desire to access the Internet; a sense of discomfort if you have to stop using the Internet for a certain period of time, inability to control the duration of time spent for the Internet, the inability to control emotional reactions, the ability to restrain or dose the manifestations of unpleasant emotional experiences, increases internal tension, the tendency to inadequate expression of emotions is actualized; emotional reactions are more often inappropriate. As a conclusion, it can be argued that in the group of adolescents with Internet addictive behavior, with the increase in the severity of emotional barriers in interpersonal communication, a number of Internet addiction symptoms such as "inability to control emotions", "compulsive symptoms", "withdrawal symptoms", "inadequate expression of emotions", "dominance of negative emotions" and "unwillingness to get closer to people on an emotional basis" are exacerbated. The results obtained can be used to improve programmes for the prevention and correction of Internet addiction in adolescents.

Analysis of Interpersonal Relationships of Social Network Users Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence Methods

The emergence of the social networking phenomenon and the sudden spread of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) around the world have significantly affected the transformation of the system of interpersonal relations, partly shifting them towards virtual reality. Online social networks have greatly expanded the boundaries of human interpersonal interaction and initiated processes of integration of different cultures. As a result, research into the possibilities of predicting human behavior through the characteristics of virtual communication in social networks has become more relevant. The aim of the study is: to explore the possibilities of machine learning model interpretability methods for interpreting the success of social network users based on their profile data. This paper uses a specific method of explainable artificial intelligence, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations), to analyze and interpret trained machine learning models. The research is based on Social Network Analysis (SNA), a modern line of research conducted to understand different aspects of the social network as a whole as well as its individual nodes (users). User accounts on social networks provide detailed information that characterizes a user's personality, interests, and hobbies and reflects their current status. Characteristics of a personal profile also make it possible to identify social graphs - mathematical models reflecting the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of social network users. An important tool for social network analysis is various machine learning algorithms that make different predictions based on sets of characteristics (social network data). However, most of today's powerful machine learning methods are "black boxes," and therefore the challenge of interpreting and explaining their results arises. The study trained RandomForestClassifier and XGBClassifier models and showed the nature and degree of influence of the personal profile metrics of VKontakte social network users and indicators of their interpersonal relationship characteristics (graph metrics).

Psychological characteristics of adolescents' relationships with peers, taking into account the peculiarities of their family upbringing

This article presents the results of a study of the relationship between the type of parent-child relationship and the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of adolescents with peers. The main aspects of the formation of the system of interpersonal relations in adolescence are described. In the study, the respondents included students of the Faculty of Secondary Vocational Education of the Autonomous non-profit organisation of higher education Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law, 50 people in total. The evaluation of the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of adolescents was carried out according to the results of the following methods – Timothy Leary's Interpersonal Behaviour Circle and the “Comprehensive methodology for assessing social behaviour (competence)ˮ developed at the Centre for Sociology of Education of the Russian Academy of Education by Daniil Khlomov, Sergey Baklushinskiy, Ol’ga Kaz’mina, thereby identifying a group of adolescents with extremely distinct results of the qualitative assessment of interpersonal relations. This group of adolescents have interpersonal relationship difficulties, there are signs of ill adaptivity of interpersonal (social) behaviour. The features of educational strategies in adolescent families were studied using the questionnaire on parental attitude towards children – “mirrorˮ for Analysis of family relationships (Edmond Eydemiller, Viktoras Justickis) and the Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (Irina Markovskaya). Data processing statistical methods used include Student's t-test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, cluster analysis using SPSS. In the course of the work, four types of family upbringing were identified and described, with possibility to detect in each type the disfunction signs’ characteristic in the interpersonal relations system. The results indicate partial confirmation of the hypothesis about a correlation between various aspects of interpersonal relationships of adolescents and types of family upbringing.

Using brands to reconnect with our shared past: brand nostalgia in romantic relationships

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the behavioral and emotional outcomes of nostalgic brand meanings derived from brand use that occurs in the early stages of a romantic relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses survey data (n = 656) and relies on structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses.FindingsRelationship brand nostalgia has implications for how the relationship partners use the brand together as part of celebrating special occasions, how connected the brand is to their relational identity and how upset they would be if the brand was discontinued. Additionally, interpersonal relationship characteristics (relationship satisfaction and relationship power) influence these outcomes of relationship brand nostalgia.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings from this research show that it is important to account for real (experienced) brand nostalgia when considering behavioral and emotional implications of nostalgia in consumer–brand relationships. Specifically, brand use as part of early romantic relationship milestones influences the creation of nostalgic brand meanings, which in turn influence shared brand use, relational brand connections and brand separation distress.Practical implicationsBrand managers can increase relational brand connections and brand separation distress by encouraging shared brand use as part of romantic relationships milestones.Originality/valueThis research addresses gaps in extant research by examining the outcomes of relationship brand nostalgia, which is defined as brand nostalgia anchored in shared brand use that occurred as part of early relationship milestones.

Disordered eating across COVID-19 in LGBTQ+ young adults

Emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic is negatively affecting mental health, especially for sexual and gender minority populations. Relatively little is known about the impact of the pandemic on disordered eating behaviors (DEB) for these populations. The aim of this study is to understand changes in DEB across COVID-19 within an LGBTQ+ sample, with a particular focus on differences across sexual and gender identities, and the impact of social support on these outcomes. In a sample of 830 LGBTQ+ adults with a past year history of DEB, most, but not all, participants reported that the frequency of and urge to engage in each DEB increased a little bit or a lot during COVID-19. Contrary to research showing more severe psychopathology and DEB among gender minorities (GM) compared to sexual minorities (SM), changes in DEB severity since COVID-19 were not significantly different between SM and GM participants. There were a few small and significant relationships between changes in average DEB severity and characteristics of interpersonal relationships, average quality of home relationships, and living with someone not affirming of one's identity. Results highlight that COVID-19 may have exacerbated DEB for SGM young adults, that these changes were not different across sexual versus gender minorities, and that these changes are weakly but significantly related to minority stressors.

CONFLICTS IN STUDENT GROUPS WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSITION BY SEX

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of conflicts in mixed and same-sex student groups. The theoretical basis of the study was the position of the structural features of interpersonal interaction in the middle of the group, including the substructure of horizontal and vertical relationships in the instrumental and expressive spheres of group activity. The study of conflict in student groups was based on the analysis of the characteristics of interpersonal relationships between group members in certain areas. To study the peculiarities of conflict in groups of different sexes, a questionnaire was developed, which provided an opportunity to determine the overall assessment of conflict, conflict in the vertical and horizontal subsystems of group activity, as well as in its instrumental and expressive areas. 188 students from 10 academic groups of the higher educational institution took part in the survey. Of these, six were sexually homogeneous and four heterogeneous. According to the results of the survey, the gender composition of student educational groups is more related to the emotional component of group activity and the horizontal substructure of intragroup relationships. These trends were confirmed using the methods of mathematical statistics (Student’s t-test).
 The results suggest that gender-mixed academic groups are more resistant to conflict triggers than homogeneous ones. However the composition of the group on the basis of gender can not be considered a factor that directly determines the conflict in the field of solving business problems, as well as interaction with teachers, officials of the dean’s office and student government.

University Network Capital as an Element of the City’s Social Capital

The formation and development of network capital in the university brings up the issue of its influence on characteristics of the city’s social capital. The basic provisions of the network approach and the theory of social capital are used as theoretical grounds to identify such an impact. The article reveals the features of a modern university as a complex network object and the characteristics of interpersonal relationships that arise in its socio-cultural environment. These include the cultural homogeneity, formation of a joint reality, optimization of communication processes, the need for cooperation. Taking into account the revealed specificity, the network capital available to the subjects of social interaction is characterized and studied through the categories of trust and solidarity. It is determined that trust and solidarity are not only central, but necessary structural elements of the university’s network capital, first of all, because the peculiarities of the organization of network interaction dictate the preferred strategies of network behavior, into which these phenomena are embedded. Thus, being the holder of intellectual resources and a network of interpersonal connections, the university produces the effective ways to expand the city’s social capital, firstly, through a unique social network organization capable of rapid mobilization. It provides access to the formation of temporary teams with deep and versatile competencies that generate “quick trust”. Secondly, it expands the city’s social capital through impersonal trust, which convinces society that the university has some universal competence related to the life of the city and its people.

Development of a Structured Interview to Explore Interpersonal Schema of Older Adults Living Alone Based on Autobiographical Memory

With a growing public interest in the social health of older adults, studies focusing on social networks and interpersonal relationships of older adults are needed. The present study was conducted to develop a structured interview to evaluate the interpersonal schema based on Self-Defining Memory of older adults. First, the word cues that the older adults often report on interpersonal events were confirmed. Next, the indices and scoring rules were prepared, including Relationship frequency (RF), Conflict frequency (CF), Dominance mean (Dm), and Warmth mean (Wm). Healthy older adults living alone (mean age = 71.81, SD = 3.95) were interviewed. Finally, the correlation between each index and Short form of Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex Scales (KIIP-SC) was analyzed for criterion validity. The inter-rater reliability was substantial (Kappa = 0.61~0.66). Based on the analysis of criterion validity, the indices of CF, Dm, and Wm indices showed an appropriate level of criterion validity. This study developed a structural interview based on a novel system of reporting autobiographical memory and established indices with appropriate validity to evaluate interpersonal relationships. The interview is expected to identify the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of the older adults and contribute to the establishment of the older adults’ community accordingly.

Personality Features in Obesity.

Obesity is a widespread and broadly consequential health condition associated with numerous medical complications that could increase mortality rates. As personality concerned individual’s patterns of feeling, behavior, and thinking, it may help in understanding how people with obesity differ from people with normal-weight status in their typical weight-relevant behavior. So far, studies about personality and BMI associations have mainly focused on broad personality traits. The main purpose of this study was to explore the personality and health associations among a clinical group composed of 46 outpatients with overweight/obesity (mean age = 55.83; SD = 12.84) in comparison to a healthy control group that included 46 subjects (mean age = 54.96; SD = 12.60). Both the clinical and control groups were composed of 14 males and 32 females. Several personality and psychopathological aspects were assessed with the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). The results of the analysis of variance of aligned rank transformed (ART) showed that patients with overweight/obesity reported higher scores for Somatic Complaints, Depression, and Borderline Features than the control group. Logistic regression highlighted specifically that the subscales of the Borderline Features assessing the Negative Relationship contributed to the increased risk of belonging to the clinical group. For the purpose of this study, the role of gender was considered. The present findings highlight the importance of focusing on assessing personality functioning in the health context and on specific characteristics of interpersonal relationships to promote more tailored treatments.

"Sister with Sister, Like a Fish with Water": Individual Psychological Characteristics and Relationships of Women-Siblings Depending on the Growth Conditions in Their Family

Relationships and individual psychological features of siblings are one of the least studied areas of family psychology. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of interpersonal relationships of sisters, the connection of these relationships with the order of sisters’ birth, other probable family factors and the ability of sisters to coquetry. Methods: 1) Osgood's method of semantic differential was used to identify attitudes towards herself and her sister; 2) the form of growth factors in the family developed by the authors, and 3) questionnaire of women’s adaptive potential in relationship with men (questionnaire of women coquetry) to measure the ability to coquetry of O.L. Lutsenko, V.V. Volchanova. The form collected data about women’s age, education, social status, presence and number of children, marital status, presence of divorce in the parental family, religious affiliation and the degree of religion significance in life (open questions). Questions with a 5-point Likert scale were about: satisfaction with physical condition (health status), satisfaction with financial status, satisfaction with social relations, spiritual satisfaction, the degree of attachment to a sister, father, mother; degree of support from the father, mother; degree of competition with a sister in childhood - up to 18 years old; the degree of envy (unfair luck) towards the sister; degree of loyalty to free discussion of sexual topics in the family; the degree of participation in the teaching of coquetry by a sister, mother, others. As a result, the adaptive and compensatory role of female coquetry to increase the financial position of women was confirmed. In conditions of low welfare, lack of parental support, the degree of coquetry increases. Mother also teaches her daughter more coquetry in the case of divorce. Women value learning to be coquettish: a sister rates her sister higher if she teaches her to be coquettish. The highest level of coquetry is associated with the perception of herself as a strong woman, i.e. as a resource. The assessment of a sister’s activity was found to be included in various relationships with other family factors, which indicates the importance of this characteristic in the relationship of female siblings. When sisters have the greater age difference, they treat each other better, that was explained by the reduction of competition between them. The older sister traditionally performs more functions in the family, because of which she may feel more envious of her sister, jealous of her mother, and consider herself as more active. At the same time, older sisters treat younger ones better, evaluate them higher than their younger counterparts.

Parent–grandparent coparenting relationship, marital conflict and parent–child relationship in Chinese parent–grandparent coparenting families

Parent–grandparent coparenting has become a common phenomenon in urban China. However, limited research has assessed interpersonal relationships in parent–grandparent coparenting families. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of interpersonal relationships and examine the mediating role of marital conflict in the association between the parent-grandparent co-parenting relationship and the parent-child relationship in Chinese urban families. Using cross-sectional data from a sample of 317 parent–grandparent coparenting families, we conducted a series of measures, from the perspectives of mothers and fathers of young children respectively, to assess the parent–grandparent coparenting relationship, marital conflict, and the parent–child relationship. Our findings indicated that interpersonal relationships were relatively harmonious in parent–grandparent coparenting families. There was no significant difference between the mother–grandparent and the father–grandparent coparenting relationship, and the mother-child relationship scored significantly higher than the father-child relationship. Structural equation modeling with a bootstrap resample of 5000 indicated that parents’ marital conflict mediated the associations between the mother–grandparent coparenting relationship and the parent–child relationship, which consists of the mother-child relationship and the father-child relationship. The mediating role of parents’ marital conflict between the father–grandparent coparenting relationship and the parent–child relationship (neither mother-child relationship nor father-child relationship) was not found. Results contribute to knowledge pertaining to characteristics of interpersonal relationships in the parent–grandparent coparenting families. These findings highlight the contribution of harmonious parent–grandparent coparenting relationship and lower marital conflict to the parent–child relationship.

Moral obligation in online social interaction: Clicking the “like” button

Social media greatly facilitate online social interaction among friends, and user behavior in social interaction may be influenced by interpersonal relationships. While individuals sometimes do enjoy the content shared by friends, they may also feel that they have a moral obligation to like what their friends share. Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response model, this paper examines whether the characteristics of interpersonal relationships are associated with moral obligation as well as whether moral obligation is associated with “like” intention. By using data from 348 users of WeChat Moments, we provide empirical evidence that the stimuli of interpersonal relationships (perceived authority, perceived closeness, and peer referent) are positively associated with the sense of moral obligation, which in turn, is positively associated with user intention to click the Like button on their friends’ postings on social media. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Я-идентификация и репрезентации информационной среды у студентов вуза

The paper presents the results of a study of the in-dividual and personality characteristics of infor-mation interaction based on a subjective assess-ment of the model of interpersonal relationships and perception of the Internet. The relevance of the study is associated with the current trend towards an expanded understanding of the communicative and, more broadly, the information space in connec-tion with the creation of a specific flexible subject-oriented educational environment. The empirical study involved three groups of indicators: self-esteem and personality identification characteris-tics; subjective assessment of interaction on the Internet; characteristics of an individual model of communicative space. The analysis reviled structural associations between the characteristics of self-identification, representations of Internet interac-tion, and the characteristics of interpersonal rela-tionships, as well as the features of the characteris-tics under consideration for the subgroups with different levels and types of self-esteem. The main hypothesis is verified by means of correlation analy-sis for nonparametric data.

MMPI-2-RF predictors of interpersonal relationship characteristics in committed couples.

There has been no systematic examination of whether scale scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2011; Tellegen & Ben-Porath, 2011) are related to self- or partner-rated characteristics of romantic relationships. As such, the current study examined relations between select MMPI-2-RF scale scores and markers of relationship quality. Participants included 739 committed couples who completed the MMPI-2 and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976; Spanier & Filsinger, 1983). Correlational analyses identified clinically meaningful negative associations between self-rated relationship satisfaction and scores on Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction (EID) and Demoralization (RCd) for both men and women. For men and women self- and partner-rated relationship satisfaction and consensus were both meaningfully and negatively related to scores on Antisocial Behavior (RC4) and Family Problems (FML). These results are the first to provide support for the convergent validity of FML as a measure of difficulties experienced in romantic relationships. Results for EID, RCd, and RC4 converge with previous research examining relations between personality and intimate relationship qualities. Overall, these results suggest scores from the MMPI-2-RF are useful in screening for problems experienced by the individual or their partner in the context of their committed relationship. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Demographic homophily, communication and trust in intra-organizational business relationships

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand how employees of an organization build and maintain successful business relationships by analyzing major antecedents of relationship quality and relationship commitment. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors develop a conceptual framework and formulate hypotheses regarding the relationships between demographic homophily, interpersonal communication, trust and dependent variables of perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment. This paper tests hypotheses presented in this study with the help of a structural equation model, based on a data sample from South Korea. Findings Unlike common thinking, demographic homophily does not directly increase the perceived relationship quality. The authors find a significant direct effect of interpersonal communication on relationship commitment but no effect of commitment on perceived relationship quality. Both seem to play independent roles but are positively influenced through the emergence of trust. Research limitations/implications By applying demographic homophily and interpersonal communication as antecedents and trust as mediator and main driver, the authors research effects on perceived intra-organizational relationship commitment and perceived relationship quality. In detail, the authors confirm the hypothesized centrality of trust in intra-organizational relationships between demographic homophily, interpersonal communication and dependent variables of perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment. Nevertheless, the authors surprisingly find neither significant evidence that demographic homophily increases the perceived quality of a relationship, nor does it lead to higher communication intensity directly, even in an environment (i.e. Korea), where it would be expected. Practical implications Based on the findings of this study, there are several practical implications. Understanding the interpersonal relationship characteristics in an intra-organizational setting enables managers to optimize organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Intra-organizational relationships between employees’ are highly dependent on mutual trust as an indicator for relationship quality and relationship commitment. Organizations can also benefit from the understanding of the mechanisms of demographic homophily and interpersonal communication for the establishment of interpersonal trust as well. Originality/value Research about the effect of demographic homophily and interpersonal communication and the central role of trust in an intra-organizational approach to business relationships on perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment is scarce. The mutual testing of the effects and interaction of established constructs like demographic homophily, interpersonal communication and trust on perceived relationship quality and commitment constitutes the main contribution of this study to the literature on management and business relationships. The insights of this study about interpersonal bonding help companies to establish long-term business relationships.

Особенности межличностных отношений с отцом у девушек, страдающих любовной аддикцией

Введение. Статья посвящена анализу особенностей межличностных отношений с отцами девушек 16–19 лет, страдающих любовной аддикцией. Представлен обзор публикаций по проблеме и обусловливающим ее факторам, главным из которых указывается роль отца. Эмпирические данные получены в процессе психологического консультирования девушек – любовных аддиктов. Научная новизна состоит в конкретизации характера межличностных отношений дочерей, страдающих любовной аддикцией, с отцами и в выводах относительно профилактики этой зависимости у новых поколений россиянок.
 Методы. Использовались: психологическое тестирование (тест любовной аддикции А. Ю. Егорова; тест межличностной зависимости Р. Гиршфильда; методика «ПоР» Л. И. Вассермана, И. А. Горьковой, Е. Е. Ромицыной; методика «Семейная социограмма» Э. Г. Эйдемиллера и О. В. Черемисина; методика оценки отношений дочери с отцом; методика самооценки «Я в отношениях с мужчинами в глазах других людей»); математико-статистическая обработка данных (осуществлена с помощью пакета SPSS Statistics 22: корреляционный анализ данных выполнен по методу Спирмена, сравнительный – по критерию Манна – Уитни).
 Результаты. Представлены результаты сравнительного анализа особенностей межличностных отношений с отцами девушек – любовных аддиктов и девушек, не имеющих признаков патологической любви. Приведены результаты корреляционного анализа данных, показывающие, что с возрастом у девушек, не страдающих любовной аддикцией, межличностная зависимость снижается, тогда как у девушек – любовных аддиктов она усиливается.
 Обсуждение результатов. Проинтерпретированы отношения девушек – любовных аддиктов с отцами. Показано, что они часто характеризуются директивностью отца, его непоследовательностью и враждебностью, но позитивным интересом дочери к нему; физически отсутствующий, безучастный или неадекватный в своем участии отец (директивный, непоследовательный, враждебный) является фактором формирования любовной аддикции у дочери. Предлагается смещение акцента с коррекции любовной аддикции на ее социально-психологическую профилактику у новых поколений россиянок.

Service supply chain integration: the role of interpersonal relationships

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of interpersonal relationships (IPRs) in service supply chain integration (SSCI) in terms of strategic alliance, information integration, and process integration.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs an exploratory/investigational approach to multiple case studies and empirically investigates effects of IPRs in SSCI. The data were mainly collected through semi-structured interviews with senior management staff from four service companies and their suppliers or customers in New Zealand. Archival data from the Internet and company documentations were also applied.FindingsThe authors find that three dimensions of IPRs influence SSCI in different ways. The effect of IPRs on SSCI is indirect: personal affection acts as an initiator, and personal credibility works as a “gate-keeper” and strengthens the confidence of interactive partners, while personal communication, a facilitator, plays a more important role in SSCI than personal affection and credibility.Practical implicationsThe research provides managers in service supply chains the awareness of the importance of IPRs, as well as the characteristics of IPRs, in order to best utilize available resources. Managers should synergize all three dimensions of IPRs’ resources: make efforts to cultivate personal affection to avoid the instinctive isolation modern technology brings; attempt to accumulate positive personal credibility profiles; focus more on the role of personal communication and retain physical contact in SSCI processes.Originality/valueThis study contributes to SSCI literature by extending from the inter-organizational relationships (IORs) to interpersonal level relationships to explore the inner influence mechanism. Also, it explores the role of IPRs on all three dimensions of SSCI simultaneously rather than individual dimensions independently. Finally, it contributes to resource orchestration theory (ROT) by synthesizing three dimensions of IPRs resources, and IORs resources in order to achieve capabilities of SSCI. The study develops the individual-level research in supply chain integration (SCI) to a further depth.

Specific Psychological Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships in Preschool Children

A child's communication with peers and the relationships that emerge from this communication constitute a special sphere of child's daily activities. As a type of social activity of a preschooler, interpersonal communication is a leading factor in the development of personality in preschool children. The objective of this article is to present results of an experimental study into older preschoolers’ relationships with their peers and, based on it, to justify the need to elaborate a program for training and developing communication in older preschoolers.