Characteristics Of Behavioral Problems Research Articles

THE USE OF MUSIC THERAPY IN INSTRUCTION COMPLIANCE FOR STUDENTS WITH AUTISM

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurological disorder that occurs in children that causes their neurodevelopment to be disturbed. Most studies show that autism spectrum disorder causes individuals to experience deficits or problems in terms of language and communication, social skills and behavioral patterns. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of music therapy in behavioral modification for students with autism. The study is a Single Subject Research Design and uses the ABA design. The sample of this study consists of two students, a male student and a female student who are between 11 and 13 years old. Both study samples are students with special needs in the autism category and have the same characteristics of behavioral problems. The research instrument used in this study is a questionnaire using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and direct observation methods as well as pre and post-tests used for the data collection process and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The findings of this study show that music therapy is effective in changing student behavior with the pre-test showing that both samples reached the baseline set for 10 minutes and the post-test showing an increase in the average time of both samples following learning activities for more than 20 minutes and the overall min is 9.6 minutes.

Behavioral problems in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis

Background and objectivesPrimary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is a common distressing condition to children and parents. This study aimed to determine frequencies, severities and characteristics of behavioral problems with PMNE. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 80 children with PMNE (age: 12.58 ± 1.24 yrs.; boys = 58, girls = 22) and 60 healthy children. Behavioral symptoms were assessed by Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). ResultsThis study included 80 children (boys/girls ratio = 2.64:1) with PMNE. They had mean age of 12.58 ± 1.24 yrs. The majority (70%) had good response to medical treatment. Compared to controls, children with enuresis had higher frequencies of emotional, conduct and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms and peer relationship and prosocial problems and higher total (P = 0.001) and different subscales' scores of SDQ. There was an overlap of behavioral problems in 52.2% of children with nocturnal enuresis. Compared to children without behavioral symptoms, children with behavioral symptoms were significantly older at age at presentation (P = 0.046) regardless of gender, residence and type or response to medications. Multiple regression analysis showed that emotional [β = 0.053 (95%CI = 0.037–0.084), P = 0.024] and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms [β = 0.063 (95%CI = 0.028–0.097), P = 0.001] were significantly associated with enuresis independent to other problems. ConclusionPMNE is associated with higher risk of behavioral problems particularly emotional and hyperactivity-inattention symptoms indicating externalizing and internalizing problems, therefore, the importance of early non-pharmacological or/and drug interventions. The comorbid behavioral disorders should be treated separately according to evidence-based recommendations to prevent persistence of enuresis and the development of psychiatric disorders in the future.

Characteristics of Intelligence and Behavioral Problems of ADHD Youth in Welfare Institutions

본 연구에서는 아동복지시설의 심리장애 아동․청소년을 대상으로 ADHD 아동․청소년의 문제행동과 인지기능 특성을 규명하기 위해, 전체지능 수준을 평균 이상과 평균 이하 집단으로 나누어 각 지능집단 내에서 ADHD집단과 기타심리장애(Other Psychological Disorder: OPD)집단의 인지기능 차이를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 2013년 아동복지시설 치료ㆍ재활 지원 시범사업에 참여한 아동․청소년 297명(남:182, 여:115)을 대상으로 K-WISC-III와 K-CBCL 6-18을 실시하였다. CBCL의 DSM ADHD척도의 임상군 절단점인 70T점을 기준으로 ADHD집단과 OPD집단으로 구분하여 집단에 따른 문제행동과 인지기능의 특성을 비교하였다(ADHD:102, OPD집단:195). 연구결과, 첫째, ADHD집단은 OPD집단에 비해 CBCL 6-18의 모든 문제행동 척도 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 둘째, 복지시설의 ADHD집단은 OPD집단에 비해 이해와 차례 맞추기를 제외한 모든 K-WISC소검사에서 유의하게 낮은 수행을 보였다. 셋째, 전체지능이 평균 이상인 집단과 평균 이하인 집단으로 나누어 각 지능집단 내에서 ADHD집단과 OPD집단 간 인지기능 차이를 비교한 결과, 전체 지능이 평균 이상인 경우 ADHD집단과 OPD집단에서 차이가 유의하지 않았다. 반면에, 전체지능이 평균 이하인 경우 ADHD집단은 OPD집단에 비해 언어성 지능, 언어이해와 주의집중 지표점수, 이해와 공통성 소검사가 유의하게 낮았다. 이와 같은 결과는, ADHD증상이 심하더라도 전체 지능이 평균 이상으로 높은 경우 언어능력의 저하를 보이지 않으며, ADHD증상이 반드시 언어능력의 결함과 직접 관련되어 있지는 않다는 것을 시사한다.

복지시설 심리장애 아동·청소년의 연령과 지능수준에 따른 문제행동특성

복지시설 심리장애 아동·청소년의 연령과 지능수준에 따른 문제행동특성

Social and behavioral problems among five gambling severity groups

Gambling has been associated with various social and behavioral problems, but previous analyses have been limited by sample bias regarding gambling symptom severity range and the role of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). This study utilized a nationally representative data set and examined various characteristics of behavioral problems and ASPD among five gambling severity groups. Participants were 42,038 individuals who took part in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) and provided information on social and behavioral problems, ASPD, and gambling. Using DSM-IV criteria, we derived five gambling groups from the total sample: non-gambling, low-risk, at-risk, problem, and pathological gambling. Associations between all problematic behaviors and nearly every gambling severity level were significant prior to adjustment for sociodemographic variables and ASPD. Following the adjustment, all significant associations persisted, with the exception of sexual coercion. In the adjusted model, the financially oriented behaviors had the strongest associations with gambling. All gambling severity levels were associated with an increased risk for a number of problematic behaviors and social problems in comparison to non-gamblers.Further examination of gambling problems in financial and criminal justice settings is recommended.

T1054 The Prevalence and Associated Clinical Characteristics of Behavior Problems in Children With Functional Constipation

T1054 The Prevalence and Associated Clinical Characteristics of Behavior Problems in Children With Functional Constipation