Features Of Conception Research Articles

Impact of occupational socialization on how physical education teachers employ character education in schools

ABSTRACT Arguments relating moral and character education to the field of physical education are not novel. Despite this, there are few studies dedicated to studying how and why physical education teachers use character education in schools. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to address this literature gap by studying how seven teachers employed character education and the extent to which their upbringing, experiences in teacher education, and formal teaching career impacted their enthusiasm for, and use of, character and virtue pedagogies in physical education. Data were collected with three techniques (formal interviews, documents, and artifacts) and were analyzed through thematic methods. Guided by either a multi-sport or health/ physical literacy curriculum, data revealed that the teachers employed a range of character concepts and strategies to promote character development. Moreover, the acculturation phase, especially the impact of one's family and religious upbringing, appeared to have the most influence on teachers’ motivation for becoming a moral and character educationalist, while the organizational phase had the most impact on how they embodied this role and practice. In addition, while the professional socialization phase, or lack thereof, appeared to impact the type of curricula being promoted in schools, this phase had relatively little impact on how the participants employed character education with young people. In conclusion, the search for a physical education program and a group of physical educators espousing a well-informed and theoretically robust curriculum for teaching character education in schools, remains. Finally, future research concerned with providing and studying the impact of school and university-based professional development programs on department-wide initiatives and (moral) curriculum development would be helpful.

Perancangan Kampanye Digital Pencegahan Anemia untuk Perempuan Usia 16-19 Tahun di Surabaya

Anemia occurs due to a condition of lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Factors that can affect a person affected by Anemia such as an unhealthy and unbalanced diet to the lack of knowledge of women about Anemia. Prevention can be done by holding an Anemia prevention campaign for women aged 16-19 years who live in Surabaya. The campaign is carried out in a fun and cheerful way that suits the interests of young women aged 16-19 years old today, especially through social media. The media designed uses main media and various supporting media. The design was carried out using qualitative and quantitative research methods. Data acquisition is done through primary and secondary data. Primary data is done by interview and observation. Secondary data is obtained from literature studies and literature studies. The results of the data that have been collected are then analyzed using fishbone analysis. The results of the fishbone analysis are continued to obtain keywords or big ideas that are used as the initial design concept. Keywords are developed to become visual concepts, character concepts, and media concepts. The design concept features design colors that combine the color concepts of health and cheerfulness. The character concepts used are women aged 16-19 years and nutritionists. Visuals are presented with a combination of vectors and illustrations as well as sans serif typography and layouts. The campaign aims to change the behavior and lifestyle patterns of adolescent girls to be healthy and balanced and increase awareness of the importance of preventing Anemia. The overall design of the campaign is an effective strategy in increasing awareness and knowledge about Anemia through the delivery of interesting information and appropriate learning so as to change behavior related to health.

Synergizing Diffusion Models and Psychological Insights in Game Character Design

This study investigates the integration of diffusion models and psychological principles in game character design, a pivotal factor in augmenting player engagement in the dynamic gaming industry. Recognized for their proficiency in generating diverse and superior quality images, diffusion models are employed to systematize and refine the character design process. This methodological approach not only boosts efficiency but also fosters creativity in formulating character concepts. The research highlights the critical role of integrating psychological insights, aiming to align character designs more intimately with the emotional and psychological needs of players. By melding the technical prowess of diffusion models with a deep understanding of psychology, this study introduces a structured and efficient methodology for creating game characters. This novel approach ensures characters are not only visually striking but also emotionally engaging, deepening the bond between player and character and potentially enhancing player immersion. The study emphasizes the untapped potential of diffusion models in artistic endeavors and the significance of psychological considerations in game design, laying the groundwork for future innovations in this arena.

The pragmatic view on dual character concepts and expressions

This article introduces a new pragmatic framework for dual character concepts and their expressions, offering an alternative to the received lexical‐semantic view. On the prevalent lexical‐semantic view, expressions such as “philosopher” or “scientist” are construed as lexical polysemes, comprising both a descriptive and a normative dimension. Thereby, this view prioritizes established norms, neglecting normative expressions emerging in specific contexts. In contrast, the pragmatic view integrates pragmatic modulation as a central element in explaining context‐dependent dual character concepts and expressions. This not only accounts for a wider range of phenomena but also addresses several theoretical shortcomings of the lexical view.

True God and True Man: some implications

The paper aims to analyze the problems that religious truth, particularly Christian truth understood as an event, poses to the category of de re truth. How does the conception of truth ‘as event’ stand phenomenologically in relation to the contemporary analytical debate on truth? Statements in the catechism such as “true God and true man” referring to Jesus, or the same words attributed to Jesus in John’s gospel (14:6) such as “I am the way, the truth or the life” how can they be understood in relation to the category of recently called ‘dual character concepts’? Is there a difference between the notion of ‘true warrior’ and that of ‘true God’? When is a person appropriately categorized as a true man? When is a person appropriately categorized as a true God? What is the relationship between faith and truth?

No True Persuasive Definition Marginalizes?

In the following paper we relate to the terms such as ‘true’ and ‘real’ in conjecture with dual character concepts such as ‘scientist’ and ‘artist’. They are often integrated into phrases broadly viewed as persuasive definitions. We argue that persuasive definitions are usually intended to marginalize individuals, sub-groups, and even objects, within a group. They may also be employed to elevate or preserve the status of a group by disassociating it with its marginal members, their actions, and characteristics. For example, ‘true’ art may be stipulatively defined as having certain features to persuade us to accept the marginalization of those objects of art that lack them, and to elevate the social status of the authors of the objects that have them. ‘No true Scotsman is cruel’ is uttered to distance the normative Scots from those who run afoul, so that they can maintain untarnished reputation and positive identity.

Incorporating Character Education in ELT through Islamic Teaching Materials

Among the effort to provide favorable circumstances for students to study English while becoming familiar with the concepts of character values that are commonly encountered in the content of Islamic teaching materials is the incorporation of character education into English language teaching. To determine how well students are doing academically and how well they comprehend the integrated character concepts included in Islamic teaching materials, accordingly, are the goals of the current study. At one of Islamic universities in Bogor, Indonesia, this study was undertaken in the English Education Program. This research employed quasi-experimental method, and the instruments used were a test and an interview. According to the research findings, after conducting four month learning class, there is an improvement in students' achievement between pre-test and post-test in experimental groups following treatment. It indicates that Islamic materials can contribute much more to students' achievements. Furthermore, the students' understandings of integrated character values are primarily concerned with some characters: religion, honesty, independence, curiosity, friendliness, and responsibility. Students not only comprehended, but could also implement the character qualities in actual life.

Rule is a dual character concept

Recent experimental work revealed that rule violation judgments are sensitive to morality. For instance: when someone blamelessly violates a rule's text, about half of the participants say that the rule was violated, with the remainder saying that it wasn't. Why is that so? Current evidence is compatible with three distinct explanations. According to the pragmatic view, rule violation judgments pragmatically imply judgments of blame. Hence, the results don't tell us anything about the concept of rule itself. Instead, they are simply caused by conversational pragmatics. On the other hand, the mixed character view states that the concept of rule simultaneously combines text and purpose into a single criterion. Finally, the dual character view states that the concept of rule is similar to the concepts of scientist and father. These concepts have two distinct sets of criteria, each sufficient to determine one sense in which the concept applies. One of the criteria is descriptive, while the other is normative. In this paper, we report the results of four studies designed to adjudicate between these alternatives. Studies 1A and 1B find results that are incompatible with the pragmatic view, while Study 2 shows that the concept of rule behaves in a way that is notably different than some mixed character concepts on a linguistic test. Finally, Studies 3–5 support the idea that the concept of rule has a dual character. We consider the jurisprudential implications of each alternative.

"They're Not True Humans:" Beliefs about Moral Character Drive Denials of Humanity.

A puzzling feature of paradigmatic cases of dehumanization is that the perpetrators often attribute uniquely human traits to their victims. This has become known as the "paradox of dehumanization." I address the paradox by arguing that the perpetrators think about their victims as human in one sense, while denying that they are human in another sense. I do so by providing evidence that people harbor a dual character concept of humanity. Research has found that dual character concepts have two independent sets of criteria for their application, one of which is descriptive and one of which is normative. Four experiments provided evidence that people deploy a descriptive criterion according to which being human is a matter of being a Homo sapiens; as well as a normative criterion according to which being human is a matter of possessing a deep-seated commitment to do the morally right thing. Importantly, I found that people are willing to affirm that someone is human in the descriptive sense, while denying that they are human in the normative sense, and vice versa. In addition to providing a solution to the paradox of dehumanization, these findings suggest that perceptions of moral character have a central role to play in driving dehumanization.

Integration of Character Education and Tazkiyah al-Nafs: Perspective of Abū Hasan al-Nadwī

<p align="left">This article aims to analyze Ab Hasan al-Nadwī’s thoughts on tazkiyah al-nafs. Then, the character values in tazkiyah al-nafs are integrated into the concept of character formulated by the Ministry of Education.The concept of character by the Ministry of Education has a clear nationalism vision but has no technical direction. Then it can be filled with tazkiyah al-nafs by Abū Hasan al-Nadwī who has technical directions. The integration of the concept of character by the Ministry of Education and tazkiyah al-nafs by Abū Hasan al-Nadwī is useful for producing a character concept that has technical direction and has a nationalism vision. The research method used is integration-interconnection. Eighteen character values by the Ministry of Education are filled with tazkiyah al-nafs<em> </em>by Abū Hasan al-Nadwī which includes fiqh dhahir and fiqh bathin.<em> </em>The research findings produce tazkiyah al-nafs which includes shalat, fasting, zakat, sunnah worship, ‘ibadah bathin integrative with eighteen character concepts which include religious, honest, tolerant, discipline, active, creative, independent, democratic, curios, nationalist, patriotic, appreciative, friendship, peaceful, literative, environmentalist, humanist, and responsibilities.</p>

Normative generics: Against semantic polysemy

Generic sentences are sometimes characterized as normative or descriptive. Descriptive generics make generalized claims about things: dogs bark, birds fly, doughnuts have holes. Normative generics do something more complicated; they seem to communicate how things should be: boys don't cry, children are seen and not heard, friends don't let friends drive drunk. The latter set of sentences express something like the speaker's endorsement that the predicated terms match up with the kind terms. Sarah-Jane Leslie posits a semantic view of normative generics on which the subject term is polysemous between a normative and a descriptive reading. I argue that this cannot be right, and show how a Gricean implicature view can accommodate everyday normative generics in a way that Leslie's polysemous view cannot. An upshot of my argument is skepticism about drawing semantic conclusions from dual character concepts.

Program Bimbingan dan Konseling Berbasis Nilai Karakter Taluba Bagi Siswa SMA di Kota Banjarmasin

This study aims to determine the design of Guidance and counseling programs in Taluba-based schools in the development of the character of learners, to find out the Taluba Character Concepts in the Banjar / Swamp Tribe Society, and to determine the validity of the developmental guidance and counseling program model. The design of this study is the design of educational research and development (Educational Research & Development) Research and development in the context of education is the process used to develop and validate educational products. The stages used in this study were only 8 stages out of 10 stages. The subjects of development in this study were all high schools in Banjarmasin, both public and private. The approach in this study uses qualitative and quantitative approaches. The technique for collecting data is to use interview techniques and documentation in the form of a literature review and use the Delphi to validate the model created by researchers as guidance and counseling experts and practitioners. The target of this research output is to become a speaker at national/international seminars and to be published in Sinta's e-ISSN Journal. The results obtained are based on the results of quantitative and qualitative validation tests by 3 experts in BK Science and 3 Practitioners who are BK teachers/school counselors who indeed understand the science of Guidance and counseling, the six validators alike state that the hypothetical model of the BK program is developed based Taluba character values ​​are very good, useful, easy, proper and appropriate to be used as a reference for BK teachers in providing guidance and counseling services that are integrated with local wisdom and the culture of the Banjar tribe community.

The Folk Concept of Law: Law Is Intrinsically Moral

ABSTRACT Most theorists agree that our social order includes a distinctive legal dimension. A fundamental question is that of whether reference to specific legal phenomena always involves a commitment to a particular moral view. Whereas many philosophers advance the ‘positivist’ claim that any correspondence between morality and the law is just a function of political circumstance, natural law theorists insist that law is intrinsically moral. Each school claims the crucial advantage of consistency with our folk concept. Drawing on the notion of dual character concepts, we develop a set of hypotheses about the intuitive relation between a rule’s moral and legal aspects. We then report a set of studies that conflict unexpectedly with the predictions by legal positivists. Intuitively, an evil rule is not a fully-fledged instance of law.

The Logic and Normative Force of Dual-Character Generics: Towards a Theoretical Model for the Study of Normatively Shifted Predications

Abstract This paper investigates the relationship between generic statements and the expression, transmission and persistence of social norms. The author presents the concept of normativity and its importance in the decision-making process in the context of social reality and social norms that comprise it (Bicchieri, 2006, 2016; Bicchieri et al., 2018). The paper analyses the idea of “what is normal” (Haslanger, 2014) to show how social norms are triggered by particular generic constructions relating to “social kinds”, represented by noun phrases denoting “dual character concepts” (Knobe et al., 2013; Prasada et al., 2013; Leslie, 2015). DCCs are shown as effectively serving their persuasive and explanatory function due to their polysemous nature (Leslie, 2015) rather than to different pragmatics (Leslie, forthcoming). Special focus is placed on gender terms as particularly salient social kinds; this salience can be explained by a culturally pivotal role of social constructs of manhood and womanhood and by linguistic potential of generics in the development of social beliefs and legitimizing norm-driven behaviours.

Dual Character Art Concepts

AbstractOur goal in this paper is to articulate a novel account of the ordinary concept art. At the core of our account is the idea that a puzzle surrounding our thought and talk about art is best understood as just one instance of a far broader phenomenon. In particular, we claim that one can make progress on this puzzle by drawing on research from cognitive science on dual character concepts. Thus, we suggest that the very same sort of phenomenon that is associated with art can also be found in a broad class of other dual character concepts, including scientist, Christian, and many others. Instead of focusing narrowly on the case of art, we try to offer a more general account of these concepts and the puzzles to which they give rise. Then, drawing on the general theory, we introduce a series of hypotheses about art concepts and put those hypotheses to the test in three experimental studies.

Preschoolers’ knowledge of Chinese characters: From radical awareness to character recognition

This study investigated preschoolers’ knowledge of Chinese characters by testing character structures on four levels: radical (character components), whole characters, characters in words and characters in sentences. A total of 107 preschool children between the ages of three and six from four nursery schools in Taiwan participated in the study. Two tasks, namely, Basic Chinese character concepts and a Radical differentiating task, were conducted. The results indicated the following: (a) children younger than four years with no reading ability expressed an awareness of character structure. (b) In general, preschoolers’ character knowledge increased with age; however, there were individual variations among the same age group. (c) Regression analyses revealed that understanding character and radical forms could effectively predict concurrent character reading for children aged between three and six. Our results have some practical implications for literacy instruction to preschool Chinese children and early detection of children at risk of reading difficulties.

Dual character concepts

AbstractSome of philosophy's most central concepts, including art, friendship, and happiness, have been argued to be dual character concepts. Their main characteristic is that they encode not only a descriptive dimension but also an independent normative dimension for categorization. This article introduces the class of dual character concepts and discusses various accounts of their content and structure. A specific focus will be placed on their relation to two other classes of concepts, thick concepts and natural kind concepts. The study of dual character concepts not only demonstrates that a wide range of concepts is inherently normative, but it also reveals new possibilities for investigating gender biases, generics, and social roles.

Morphological description, character conceptualization and the reconstruction of ancestral states exemplified by the evolution of arthropod hearts.

Arthropods are the most species-rich taxon within Metazoa and have gone through major evolutionary changes with regard to body organization. Arthropod hearts and their associated vascular systems are thus morphologically highly disparate: while some arthropods exhibit very powerful hearts and complex vascular systems, other arthropods do not possess any kind of vascular system or heart at all. A comprehensive study investigating the structure of arthropods hearts has never been undertaken. In this study, we therefore investigate the hearts of 34 species from all major arthropod groups using various imaging techniques (confocal laser scanning microscopy, micro-computed tomography, histology) and describe them by addressing different aspects of heart morphology, e.g. the structure of the myocard or the composition of ostia. In a next step, we conceptualize 18 characters related to heart morphology and their respective character states and–using additional data from the literature–score a matrix for a total of 45 species from 38 supraspecific taxa. We map the characters onto prevailing phylogenetic hypotheses and perform parsimony-based ancestral state reconstruction to trace the evolutionary transformations undergone by arthropod hearts. An exploration of the character concepts (as explanatory hypotheses) reveals ontological peculiarities of character statements that clearly distinguish them in terms of ontological status from descriptive statements (i.e. descriptions of morphemes). The implications of these findings influence the interpretation of ground patterns as explanations. This first phylogenetic approach to heart morphology in the arthropod ground pattern reveals numerous new putative synapomorphies and leads to a reconsideration of the morphology of circulatory systems in early arthropods. Hypotheses on the evolution of hearts in (Pan-) Arthropoda are illustrated and discussed.

James Parkinson's Chimera: syndrome or disease?

It is 200 years since James Parkinson published An Essay on the Shaking Palsy. While his monograph continues to be acclaimed for its precedence and clarity of description, what is often overlooked is the originality of Parkinson's ideas. Here we show that he appreciated the weakness of the systematic 18th century nosologies, which presupposed that medical species, the building blocks of these Linnaean taxonomic schemes, were as distinct as plant and animal species; and that Parkinson made a conceptual leap about combinations of clinical phenomena in recurring patterns, now recognised to be one of the germs of neurological thinking about syndromes. The Essay's written style underpins another aspect of significance to contemporary neurological practice - an inherent intellectual humility. In this commemorative year we locate the continuing importance of the related notions of syndrome and disease in successive frameworks of knowledge about the shaking palsy. Syndrome and disease are interpreted as dual character concepts, one clinically-based and the other restricted to pathophysiological causation. They both remain fundamental to understanding Parkinson's syndrome-disease today.

Psychological Root of Morality: A Proposal According to Nine Types Temperament Model

Researchers acknowledge individual differences about morality through concepts of temperament, character, personality, or values. The Nine Types of Temperament Model (NTTM), which explores human behaviors through individual differences, claims to explain the psychological organization of individuals through temperament, character, and personality concepts. This study investigates the relationship between morality, values, vices and individual differences in the context of temperament and proposes a method that discusses whether a temperament-based approach offers a new conceptualization, perspective, and approach to morality, as presented by NTTM. Firstly, this study examines the relationship between concepts of temperament, character, personality, values and morality. Subsequently, it suggests that temperament constitutes the primary root of virtues and vices and that temperament types offer society bipolar morality traits (positive and negative). Moreover, it suggests that traits that are accepted as virtues or vices could be embraced at two levels, a conceptual and individual one. The conceptual approach that this study proposes can be the main useful resource that explains the conditions of the approach, development, and methodology for being a moral person at an individual level.