Chaotic Pseudo-random Sequence Research Articles

Research on Variable Parameter Color Image Encryption Based on Five-Dimensional Tri-Valued Memristor Chaotic System.

To construct a chaotic system with complex characteristics and to improve the security of image data, a five-dimensional tri-valued memristor chaotic system with high complexity is innovatively constructed. Firstly, a pressure-controlled tri-valued memristor on Liu's pseudo-four-wing chaotic system is introduced. Through analytical methods, such as Lyapunov exponential map, bifurcation map and attractor phase diagram, it is demonstrated that the new system has rich dynamical behaviors with periodic limit rings varying with the coupling parameter of the system, variable airfoil phenomenon as well as transient chaotic phenomenon of chaos-periodic depending on the system parameter and chaos-quasi-periodic depending on the memristor parameter. The system is simulated with dynamic circuits based on Simulink. Secondly, the differently structured synchronous controls of chaotic systems are realized using a nonlinear feedback control method. Finally, based on the newly constructed five-dimensional chaotic system, a variable parameter color image encryption scheme is proposed to iteratively generate varying chaotic pseudo-random sequences by varying the system parameters, which will be used for repetition-free disambiguation, additive modulo left-shift diffusion and DNA encryption for the three components of RGB of the color image after chunking. The simulation results are analyzed by histogram, information entropy, adjacent pixel correlation, etc., and the images are tested using differential attack, noise attack and geometric attack, as well as analyzing the PSNR and SSIM of the decrypted image quality. The results show that the encryption method has a certain degree of security and can be applied to medical, military and financial fields with more complex environmental requirements.

Frequency-domain image encryption based on IWT and 3D S-box

Most of the existing spatial domain image encryption techniques suffer from the difficulty of resisting cryptographic attacks. For this reason, this paper proposes a frequency-domain based digital image encryption scheme by combining Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT), three-dimensional S-box and chaotic system. First, the plaintext image is decomposed into different frequency subbands by IWT to map the digital image from spatial domain to frequency domain. Second, the plaintext hash value is selected as the dynamic key, and dynamic chaotic pseudo-random sequences with associations are generated, which are used for the encryption of each module respectively. Then, a three-dimensional S-box is designed to encrypt the information-rich low-frequency information using ‘bit-permutation three-dimensional S-box replace ciphertext interleaved diffusion’, while the high-frequency information is encrypted using a lightweight ‘XOR-row column permutation’ operation. Finally, the secure ciphertext for public channel transmission is obtained by the reconstruction method. The scheme of this paper, the frequency domain transformation is implemented through IWT, which enhances the ability to resist attacks. In addition, the diffusion encryption modules employ the introduction of ciphertext interleaved diffusion and parallel encryption mechanisms, thus the algorithm has the ability to resist plaintext attacks. Theoretical analysis and empirical results show that the algorithm has excellent numerical statistical analysis results, which corroborate that it has good confusion, diffusion and avalanche effects, and is able to resist various common cryptographic attacks. The frequency domain image encryption scheme proposed in this paper is a preferred high-security digital image privacy protection technique, so it has good application prospects.

Exploring the future application of UAVs: Face image privacy protection scheme based on chaos and DNA cryptography

In the application and promotion of UAV in the future, remote sensing image information is transmitted frequently, and its security issues will not be ignored. Aiming at the privacy security problem of portrait information in remote sensing images, this paper proposes a face privacy protection technology scheme based on chaos and DNA cryptography. Firstly, the edge recognition face detection technology is used to identify the face information, and the corresponding matrix is selected as the object of selective encryption. Then, the hash eigenvalues of the selected encrypted object are extracted, and the plaintext-associated chaotic sequences are generated for RGB permutation and zigzag interleaved scrambling in turn. Then, the three channels of RGB are encrypted by dynamic chain DNA encoding in turn. Finally, the cipher-image is obtained after performing discontinuous diffusion and lightweight bit-level confusion. In this paper, chaotic pseudo-random sequences with plaintext correlation and dynamic DNA chain encryption are used to effectively improve the ability of encryption system to resist cryptographic attacks. At the same time, selective encryption can effectively reduce the encryption complexity and performance overhead. Experimental results and security analysis show that the privacy protection scheme has excellent security and efficiency performance. Therefore, the face privacy protection technology scheme reported in this paper has excellent performance and has broad application prospects in UAV and remote sensing communication.

Chaos in popular metaheuristic optimizers – a bibliographic analysis

This paper presents an overview of the history and recent efforts in combining chaos theory and evolutionary computation techniques. Various algorithms from the evolutionary computation domain, also known as metaheuristic algorithms, have been successfully enhanced with chaotic components in the past. Numerous ways to incorporate chaos have been examined, and many impressive results have been reported. Implementations of discrete chaotic maps such as Lozi, Hénon, and logistic map as generators of chaotic pseudo-random sequences for controlling evolution operators in metaheuristics have achieved significant popularity. In this survey, we focus on the research field itself and perform a bibliographical analysis to show how broad and active is nowadays the research field of chaos-enhanced metaheuristics and what are some of the most recent works published.

A novel devaney chaotic map with uniform trajectory for color image encryption

The design of chaotic image encryption algorithms has become a hotspot. This paper first proposes a novel Devaney chaotic map with uniform trajectories to overcome the problems of weak chaotic behaviors and uneven trajectory distribution of the existing chaotic systems. We prove that our chaotic map possesses the three principal features of the Devaney definition and preserves uniform trajectory distribution through symbolic dynamics and the probability theory. In addition, simulation experiments show that our chaotic map has the advantages of fast efficiency and high security. Then, we design a color image encryption algorithm, which uses our Devaney chaotic map to generate digital chaotic pseudo-random sequences, and improves the confusion and diffusion structure of existing image encryption algorithms from the perspectives of pixels and planes. Although our algorithm does not use the hash value of plain images, it achieves excellent diffusion and confusion ability. Therefore, it avoids the failure of decryption caused by the tampering of hash value in the transmission process. Experimental results show that our image encryption algorithm can well resist probabilistic attacks and differential attacks.

Fully fixed-point integrated digital circuit design of discrete memristive systems

In this paper, the fully fixed-point digital integrated circuits of discrete memristive systems are designed with very low circuit area cost, where the two-stage pipeline and multi-cycle architecture is employed. Firstly, the mathematical models of the discrete memristor and a memristor chaotic map are presented and dynamics are analyzed. Secondly, data flow design is carried out and the feasibility of the fixed-point model is discussed, which provides a foundation for the further circuit design. Thirdly, different architectures are designed and we get the optimal results. As a result, gate area of the discrete memristor is 40288 μm2 and the equivalent gate counts are 4588, while gate area of the discrete memristor map is 40424 μm2 and the equivalent gate counts are 4604. Moreover, a chaotic pseudo random sequence generator is designed and the NIST test is passed. It provides the foundation for the further applications of the discrete memristor and discrete memristor chaotic systems.

Design and Embedded Implementation of Secure Image Encryption Scheme Using DWT and 2D-LASM.

In order to further improve the information effectiveness of digital image transmission, an image-encryption algorithm based on 2D-Logistic-adjusted-Sine map (2D-LASM) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is proposed. First, a dynamic key with plaintext correlation is generated using Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5), and 2D-LASM chaos is generated based on the key to obtain a chaotic pseudo-random sequence. Secondly, we perform DWT on the plaintext image to map the image from the time domain to the frequency domain and decompose the low-frequency (LF) coefficient and high-frequency (HF) coefficient. Then, the chaotic sequence is used to encrypt the LF coefficient with the structure of “confusion-permutation”. We perform the permutation operation on HF coefficient, and we reconstruct the image of the processed LF coefficient and HF coefficient to obtain the frequency-domain ciphertext image. Finally, the ciphertext is dynamically diffused using the chaotic sequence to obtain the final ciphertext. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that the algorithm has a large key space and can effectively resist various attacks. Compared with the spatial-domain algorithms, this algorithm has great advantages in terms of computational complexity, security performance, and encryption efficiency. At the same time, it provides better concealment of the encrypted image while ensuring the encryption efficiency compared to existing frequency-domain methods. The successful implementation on the embedded device in the optical network environment verifies the experimental feasibility of this algorithm in the new network application.

A novel hyperchaotic map with sine chaotification and discrete memristor

Discrete memristor has become a hotspot since it was proposed recently. However, the design of chaotic maps based on discrete memristor is in its early research stage. In this paper, a memristive seed chaotic map is proposed by combining a quadratic discrete memristor with the sine function. Furthermore, by applying the chaotification method, we obtain a high-dimensional chaotic map. Numerical analysis shows that it can generate hyperchaos. With the increase of cascade times, the generated map has more positive Lyapunov exponents and larger hyperchaotic range. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) test results show that the chaotic pseudo-random sequence generated by cascading two seed maps has good unpredictability, and it indicates the potential in practical application.

An efficient medical image encryption scheme for (WBAN) based on adaptive DNA and modern multi chaotic map

A Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a network of wireless sensor nodes that can be installed inside or outside of the human body. This network is crucial in medical problems. Due to storage, battery power, and computational resource limitations, the security of medical information such as medical photographs or other information is a major concern in (WBAN). This work proposes an image encryption approach that addresses these constraints by utilizing adaptive DNA code bases and a new multi chaotic map architecture. DNA coding is used to enhances computing efficiency and gives great data transfer capabilities and the new multi chaotic map was formed by Combining Henon, Gaussian and Logistic map (HGL) To generate more chaotic pseudo-random sequences. Numerous analyses were conducted to test the proposed scheme, such as brute force, statistical, differential assaults and noise added analysis. Results indicated that this scheme has a strong level of security.

Design of Higher-Dimensional Hyperchaotic System based on Combined Control and its Encryption Application

According to the anti-control principle of chaos, a combined control method is proposed based on a class of asymptotically stable linear systems with multiple controllers. A higher-dimensional hyperchaotic system is investigated by the Lyapunov exponents method and equilibrium points analysis, and it exists the largest number of positive Lyapunov exponents. The chaotic pseudo-random sequences of the higher-dimensional hyperchaotic system can pass all NIST tests after preprocess-ing, and behave better chaotic characteristics. Meanwhile, a new encryption algorithm of image information with position scrambling, sequential diffusion and reverse diffusion is designed based on the chaotic pseudo-random sequences. The experiments of image information are given to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the encryption algorithm. Finally, the security analyses are also discussed by the key sensitivity, differential attack and statistical analysis. It is shown that the encryption algorithm has large enough key space and can be applied to secure communication.

A novel audio encryption method using Henon–Tent chaotic pseudo random number sequence

A novel audio encryption method using Henon–Tent chaotic pseudo random number sequence

A novel color image encryption method based on an evolved dynamic parameter-control chaotic system

The majority of existing image encryption algorithms use single chaotic systems, such as Logistic map or Lorentz system, to be the pseudo-random sequence generator. Actually, neither low nor high dimensional chaotic system can get rid of pseudo-randomness deterioration of chaotic sequence calculated by limited precision computer. Additionally, most of them use only one chaotic pseudo-random sequence throughout the encryption process. These are the more obvious deficiencies. In the current paper, a novel compound chaotic system is applied to color images domain to solve the mentioned problems. Dynamic parameter-control chaotic system can enhance the sequence’s randomness after digitalizing. Corresponding the different sequences generated by the novel chaotic system to each color channel of image is a helpful method to reduce the image’s statistical characteristics in the scrambling process. Finally, the effectiveness and security of the proposed encryption has been illustrated by the experimental, and at the meantime, excellent performance is also demonstrated.

Image segmentation encryption algorithm with chaotic sequence generation participated by cipher and multi-feedback loops

The existing chaotic image encryption algorithms have common defects: (i) ciphertext does not participate in the generation processes of chaotic pseudo-random sequences and key sequences; (ii) the entire encryption process does not have a closed-loop structure. In order to solve above problems, in this paper, an image segmentation encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic system is proposed. We decompose the scrambled sequence into three sequences of different lengths: S1, S2 and S3. Then, the initial values of the chaotic system are updated by the sequences S2 and S3 and using the updated initial value iterates the chaotic system and generates the key sequence K3, and the sequence S1 is encrypted by the sequence K3 to obtain the cipher sequence C1, using the sequences C1 and S3 updates the initial value of the chaotic system, and using the updated initial value iterates the chaotic system and generates the key sequence K4, and using the sequence K4 encrypts the sequence S2 to obtain the cipher sequence C2. Thus, ciphertext participates in the generation processes of chaotic pseudo-random sequences and key sequences, and the entire encryption process has a closed-loop structure. The experimental results show that the encryption algorithm has high security and sensitivity.

An Image Compression and Encryption Algorithm Based on the Fractional-Order Simplest Chaotic Circuit

Based on compressive sensing and fractional-order simplest memristive chaotic system, this paper proposes an image compression and encryption scheme. First, a fractional-order simplest memristive chaotic circuit system is designed. The dynamic characteristics of the chaotic system are analyzed by the phase diagram, the Lyapunov exponent's spectrum, and the bifurcation diagram to determine the parameters and pseudo-random sequences used in the encryption scheme. Secondly, an encryption scheme based on compressive sensing is designed. This scheme compresses the image twice to fully reduce the storage cost, and scrambles the pixel matrix twice through block scrambling and zigzag transformation, and then uses chaotic pseudo-random sequence and GF (17) domain diffusion image matrix to obtain the final cipher image. Finally, simulation results and performances analysis indicate that the scheme still has good reconstruction performance, even when the compression ratio is 0.25, and the security analysis shows that it can resist various attacks and has high security.

A simple no-equilibrium chaotic system with only one signum function for generating multidirectional variable hidden attractors and its hardware implementation.

This paper proposes a simple no-equilibrium chaotic system with only one signum function as compared with the existing no-equilibrium chaotic ones with at least one quadratic or higher nonlinearity. The system has the offset boosting of three variables through adjusting the corresponding controlled constants. The resulting hidden attractors can be distributed in a 1D line, a 2D lattice, a 3D grid, and even in an arbitrary location of the phase space. Particularly, a hidden chaotic bursting oscillation is also observed in this system, which is an uncommon phenomenon. In addition, complex hidden dynamics is investigated via phase portraits, time series, Kaplan-Yorke dimensions, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and two-parameter bifurcation diagrams. Then, a very simple hardware circuit without any multiplier is fabricated, and the experimental results are presented to demonstrate theoretical analyses and numerical simulations. Furthermore, the randomness test of the chaotic pseudo-random sequence generated by the system is tested by the National Institute of Standards and Technology test suite. The tested results show that the proposed system has good randomness, thus being suitable for chaos-based applications such as secure communication and image encryption.

Lossless image compression-encryption algorithm based on BP neural network and chaotic system

In this paper, a fractional-order memristive band-pass filter (BPF) chaotic circuit is constructed base on BPF chaotic circuit and fractional definition. The attractor and fractal characteristics are analyzed through phase diagrams and time domain response diagrams. In addition, randomness of the chaotic pseudo-random sequences is tested through NIST SP800–22 and correlation of sequence. According to the fractional-order chaotic system and Back-Propagation (BP) neural network, a lossless image compression-encryption algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, the original image is compressed through BP neural network, and then the compressed image is encrypted by using Zigzag algorithm and xor operation. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only can effectively compression-encryption image, but also have the great security performances, which provides theoretical guide for the application of this algorithm in information safety, and secret communication field.

A Class of Quadratic Polynomial Chaotic Maps and Their Fixed Points Analysis.

When chaotic systems are used in different practical applications, such as chaotic secure communication and chaotic pseudorandom sequence generators, a large number of chaotic systems are strongly required. However, for a lack of a systematic construction theory, the construction of chaotic systems mainly depends on the exhaustive search of systematic parameters or initial values, especially for a class of dynamical systems with hidden chaotic attractors. In this paper, a class of quadratic polynomial chaotic maps is studied, and a general method for constructing quadratic polynomial chaotic maps is proposed. The proposed polynomial chaotic maps satisfy the Li–Yorke definition of chaos. This method can accurately control the amplitude of chaotic time series. Through the existence and stability analysis of fixed points, we proved that such class quadratic polynomial maps cannot have hidden chaotic attractors.

A randomized CPA-secure asymmetric-key chaotic color image encryption scheme based on the Chebyshev mappings and one-time pad

In this paper, a novel randomized chaotic asymmetric-key algorithm is proposed for color image encryption. Using the multiplicative coupled Chebyshev-based encryption algorithm, a novel chaotic key establishment algorithm using Chebyshev polynomials is proposed. This key establishment algorithm is used to generate three chaotic pseudo-random number sequences to permute the rows and the columns of the plain image randomly. Then, each pixel is XORed with respect to a random value obtained based on its new position to mask its value. The whole encryption algorithm is randomized, so it can resist chosen plaintext attacks. The experimental and security analysis of the proposed algorithm shows that the proposed algorithm has a large keyspace, a good level of security, and an acceptable level of robustness.

Color Image Compression-Encryption Algorithm Based on Fractional-Order Memristor Chaotic Circuit

In this paper, a fractional-order memristive chaotic circuit system is defined according to memristor circuit. The dynamic characteristics are analyzed through the phase diagram, bifurcation diagram, and Lyapunov exponent spectrum, and the randomness of the chaotic pseudo-random sequence is tested by NIST SP800-22. Based on this fractional-order memristive chaotic circuit, we propose a novel color image compression-encryption algorithm. In this algorithm, compression sensing (CS) algorithm is used for compression image, and then using Zigzag confusion, add modulus and BitCircShift diffuse encrypt the image. The theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the proposed compression and encryption scheme has good compression performance, reconstruction effect, and higher safety performance. Moreover, it also shows that the new algorithm facilitates encryption, storage, and transmission of image information in practical applications.

A novel color image encryption scheme using DNA permutation based on the Lorenz system

We propose a novel color image encryption scheme based on DNA permutations. In the proposed scheme, the chaotic pseudo-random sequences for encryption depend on the plaintext image and secret keys. Besides, the proposed DNA permutation and addition/subtraction operations can break the bit planes of the plaintext image entirely. Therefore, the proposed scheme is sensitive to the plaintext image and can resist common attacks such as differential attack, brute-force attack, and statistical attack. Simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.