Chaotic Elements Research Articles

Is It Chaotic? An Examination of the Harmonic Materials in Razak Abdul Aziz’s Etude No. 5 for Solo Piano

This paper investigates the adoption of chaos theory into Etude No. 5 by Razak Abdul Aziz. Using pitch-class set to analyse the work, the study unveils several chaotic elements. By providing a unique perspective of investigating musical works from the viewpoint of chaos, this study enriches music scholarship.

Investigating Dream Phenomena in Ayurveda for Women: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Insights into Tridosha Imbalances

This paper explores the role of dream phenomena in Ayurveda, particularly focusing on women. It examines how dreams are interpreted in relation to the Tridosha system (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and their implications for diagnosing and treating Dosha imbalances. By integrating Ayurvedic principles with modern understanding of dreams, the study aims to provide a comprehensive framework for utilizing dream analysis in Ayurvedic practice. The analysis of dream patterns associated with Dosha imbalances among 50 women revealed notable trends in the frequency of dream experiences tied to each Dosha. The data showed that Pitta was the most frequently associated Dosha, with a total frequency count of 77 occurrences, representing 42% of the total dream patterns observed. This was followed closely by Vata, which accounted for 76 occurrences, or 41% of the total. Kapha had the lowest frequency with 39 occurrences, constituting 17% of the total. These results indicate that dream patterns reflecting fiery, intense, and chaotic elements were predominantly linked with Pitta imbalances, while disorganized and fragmented dreams were more commonly associated with Vata. Kapha imbalances, characterized by heavy and stagnant dream themes, were less frequent. The data suggests a significant correlation between specific dream phenomena and Dosha imbalances, highlighting the potential of dream analysis as a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool in Ayurvedic practice for understanding and addressing Dosha-related health issues in women.

Bangkok’s changing foodscape: mob urbanism and the mob(ile) foodscape

ABSTRACT The streetscapes of Bangkok are teeming with a diverse array of street food practices, encompassing both formal and informal approaches. Some of these street food traditions fall under the umbrella of urban informality, including informal street vending and communal public eating. Such practices are prevalent not only in various parts of Bangkok but also across other Asian cities. They bridge gaps in urban services and offer a wide range of affordable foods and goods. However, despite their evident contributions, street food vending practices are viewed as undesirable eyesores and as disorderly and chaotic urban elements by state authorities, local elites, and the upper-middle classes. Following the military government’s crackdown on street vendors in 2016, coupled with subsequent bans and removals of street food, as well as the dual challenges posed by political shifts and the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020, Bangkok’s culinary landscape has undergone significant changes. This paper aims to illuminate recent developments in Bangkok’s foodscape, particularly focusing on the role of food in social movements, political protests, and demonstrations. It outlines the operational and organizational aspects of street food vendors’ trade, along with their political implications. Additionally, it will portray how street food has been affected by government policies, namely the “Reclaim the Pavement” campaign and the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Since 2016, informal fieldnotes and observations have been collected during ethnographic investigations of Bangkok’s foodscape. Over time, these efforts have revealed a heightened interest in the resistances and challenges street vendors pose to state power and authority.

Computational Complexity-based Fractional-Order Neural Network Models for the Diagnostic Treatments and Predictive Transdifferentiability of Heterogeneous Cancer Cell Propensity

Neural networks and fractional order calculus are powerful tools for system identification through which there exists the capability of approximating nonlinear functions owing to the use of nonlinear activation functions and of processing diverse inputs and outputs as well as the automatic adaptation of synaptic elements through a specified learning algorithm. Fractional-order calculus, concerning the differentiation and integration of non-integer orders, is reliant on fractional-order thinking which allows better understanding of complex and dynamic systems, enhancing the processing and control of complex, chaotic and heterogeneous elements. One of the most characteristic features of biological systems is their different levels of complexity; thus, chaos theory seems to be one of the most
 applicable areas of life sciences along with nonlinear dynamic and complex systems of living and non-living environment. Biocomplexity, with multiple scales ranging from molecules to cells and organisms, addresses complex structures and behaviors which emerge from nonlinear interactions of active biological agents. This sort of emergent complexity is concerned with the organization of molecules
 into cellular machinery by that of cells into tissues as well as that of individuals to communities. Healthy systems sustain complexity in their lifetime and are chaotic, so complexity loss or chaos loss results in diseases. Within the mathematics-informed frameworks, fractional-order calculus based Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be employed for accurate understanding of complex biological
 processes. This approach aims at achieving optimized solutions through the maximization of the model’s accuracy and minimization of computational burden and exhaustive methods. Relying on a transdifferentiable mathematics-informed framework and multifarious integrative methods concerning computational complexity, this study aims at establishing an accurate and robust model based upon
 integration of fractional-order derivative and ANN for the diagnosis and prediction purposes for cancer cell whose propensity exhibits various transient and dynamic biological properties. The other aim is concerned with showing the significance of computational complexity for obtaining the fractional-order derivative with the least complexity in order that optimized solution could be achieved. The multifarious
 scheme of the study, by applying fractional-order calculus to optimization methods, the advantageous aspect concerning model accuracy maximization has been demonstrated through the proposed method’s applicability and predictability aspect in various domains manifested by dynamic and nonlinear nature displaying different levels of chaos and complexity.

Deterministic combination prediction model of concrete arch dam displacement based on residual correction

The traditional deterministic model of arch dam displacement can separate the component effects of hydraulic, temperature, and aging. However, the prediction accuracy is not high, the residual sequence contains chaotic elements, and the dam prototype observation data have not been fully explored. Thus, a deterministic combination prediction model of arch dam displacement considering residual correction is proposed. According to the chaotic characteristics of the residual sequence of the deterministic model, multiscale permutation entropy is introduced to screen the intrinsic modal components with obvious noise, and the residual sequence is decomposed and reconstructed by the combined denoising method of adaptive empirical mode decomposition and wavelet packet. The residual sequence after reconstruction is predicted by identifying the high-and low-frequency characteristics of the signal and by using the long short-term memory network model, gated recurrent unit model, and auto-regressive integrated moving average model. Based on the superposition of residual prediction value and deterministic model prediction value, a deterministic combined prediction model of concrete arch dam displacement considering residual correction is established. The engineering case shows that compared with the fitting accuracy of the traditional model, the fitting accuracy of the combined model is greatly improved. This result can provide a reference for the displacement prediction of similar hydraulic structures.

«ХАОС» ТА «СКЛАДНІСТЬ» ЯК СИСТЕМАТИЧНІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ДЛЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ СУЧАСНОГО ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО ПРОСТОРУ

<div><p><strong><em>The purpose</em></strong><em> of the article is to update the application of such concepts as «chaos» and «complexity» for analyzing processes in the modern information space and to investigate the problems of chaos in the field of media messages, which is considered as a natural stage in the emancipation of consumers and media producers.</em></p></div><p><strong><em>Research methods</em></strong><em>. In the analysis of this topic, the </em><em>study </em><em>use the idea and hypothesis of the theory of nonlinearity in the study of mass communication processes</em><em>, as well as </em><em>postmodern and post structural chaology in the understanding of the modern infosphere.</em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> We argue that the study of random and unpredictable processes in media can be configured using a methodological approach that uses «chaos» and «complexity» as systematic tools to explore the modern information space. The chaos in the media is also provoked by the shaping of the modern agenda, since the new communication paradigm offers more fragmented, concise, dramatic information, which in turn calls into question the sense of its significance. The article poses the following problems: how and why the selection system works, distortions in media messages, why no effective tool has yet been found to resist chaos in the media, and why it is impossible in principle to overcome chaotic processes both in the socio-cultural space and directly in the plane of media culture. The article examines chaos as an element of self-organization of media communication, as a result of which there is an impetus to new processes of development of the information space. We cannot deny the fact that chaos in the modern infosphere has gradually become an integral, </em><em>component </em><em>part of reality, since media culture has become a total force of modernity.</em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty</em></strong><em> of the article lies in the fact that the analysis of chaotic elements in a message makes it possible to understand the nature of chaos in media communication, its role in the formation of everyday practices and, in general, in mass communications. Since the manipulative and propaganda side of mass communication is increasingly becoming the norm and value of new media, and manipulation and propaganda are intensified by the very chaos of events and messages about them, then in the analysis of the modern information space, attention should be focused on understanding and managing these processes.</em></p><p><strong><em>The practical significance</em></strong><em> of the research results lies in the fact that they can be used in the process of analysing specific media messages in order to identify communicative noises or accidental </em><em>(</em><em>or</em><em> </em><em>intentional</em><em>)</em><em> connotations.</em></p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> post-non-classical paradigm, chaos, complexity, unpredictability, media, info space, entropy, post-truth.</em>

Effect of Mixing Elements on Granule Formation in Hot Melt Twin Screw Granulation

Twin screw granulation (TSG) has been applied to wet granulation, although its application in melt granulation has been more limited. This work explores potential advantages of hot melt granulation using twin screw extrusion. Four main operating and formulation parameters were investigated: screw speed, number of mixing elements, temperature, and binder percentage. Combinations of these factors were then studied to determine their impact on the quantity and characteristics of granules within the desired size range of 125 – 1000 µm. A screening design of experiments (DOE) study was used with each factor set at three levels, to investigate individual factor effects and interactions. Two types of mixing elements were studied: kneading block (KB) and chaotic elements. The type and number of mixing elements were found to be paramount in contributing to the quantity and characteristics of granules formed. Results obtained agreed with previous findings in literature on the influence of different screw elements on the characteristics of granules formed by twin screw granulation. Additionally, the study revealed the unique impact which different mixer elements have on both granule production and characteristics. Depending on the specific need or use of granules in required applications, the granulation process can be effectively designed to meet the end product quality and outcome.

Рыцарский идеал Н.А. Бердяева и мировая война

The knightly ideal of N.A. Berdyaev is one of the major components of his creativity: “the spirit of chivalry” is a unique alternative to “the spirit of the bourgeois”, to “world philistinism” and total, self-sufficing, godless statehood. Berdyaev believes in the great historic mission of Russia – to become a connecting link between the East and the West, to unite two streams of world history. The First World War adds an urgency to these themes. The Russian thinker interprets this war as an epoch of great tests, hopes that it will lead to spiritual awakening of Russia, will give courage and nobleness to the Russian people, provide the Russian person with attributes of the knight. Berdyaev is convinced of the necessity of qualitative changes of Russian national consciousness and being. War as a phenomenon of a spiritual order shows that only spiritual power can eradicate violence in the world. According to the well-known concept of “the new Middle Ages”, the barbarity of war overcomes bourgeois decadence and opens the potential of the humane person; war expands culture horizons, opens new resources. Russia needs people of dignity and honour, people who realize the greatness of divine power. Russian society should join the world civilization; internally accept Christian revelations about humanity. Berdyaev confirms that the idea of knightly service is anticipated in Christian morality, it’s crucially important for the history of personal formation. The precondition of success of the historic world mission of Russia is the liberation of the ‘Russian soul’ from domination of womanly, natural, potentially chaotic elements. The problem of choosing between the East and the West, declares Berdyaev, defines the fate of Russia. Russian national consciousness should accept the cultural heritage of the West imminently. Only focusing on the self-forged knightly courage and responsible creative personality will allow Russia to change spiritually, and successfully solve problems on a global historical scale.

Analytical Studies of SWCNTs Embedded in Nonlinear Viscous Elastic Media and the Chaotic Effect of Its Various Parameters

The analytical studies and chaotic behavior of forced vibration on Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) embedded in nonlinear viscous elastic medium subjected to parametric excitation are investigated. The analytical solution of the amplitude of nonlinear vibration is studied using Krylov–Bogoliubov–Mitropolsky (KBM) method. Both resonant and nonresonant cases are deduced. The computational techniques are used to draw graphs of time series, phase plot and Poincaré surface of section to analyze the chaotic behavior of the system considered. The plots are drawn for various values of different parameters like linear damping, nonlinear damping and amplitude of external forces in the considered model of SWCNTs. This work could be helpful in differentiating various elements of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) into the chaotic elements and controlling elements. The chaotic elements contributes to increase in the aging of CNTs while controlling elements can be used to control the irregular behavior of CNTs.

Evaluating the Voice Type Component Distributions of Excised Larynx Phonations at Three Subglottal Pressures.

Purpose The excised canine larynx provides an advantageous experimental framework in the study of voice physiology. In recent years, signal processing methods have been applied to analyze phonations in excised canine larynx experiments. However, phonations have a highly complex and nonstationary nature corresponding to different proportions of regular and chaotic signal elements. Current nonlinear dynamic methods that are used to assess the degree of irregularity in the voice fail to recognize the distribution of voice type components (VTCs). Method Based on measures of intrinsic dimension, this article presents a method to analyze the VTC distribution of phonations in excised canine larynx experiments. Thirty-nine phonation samples from 13 excised canine larynges at three different subglottal pressures were analyzed. Results Phonation produced with subglottal pressures above phonation instability pressure (PIP) and below phonation threshold pressure (PTP) resulted in high proportions of Voice Types 3 and 4, characterized by chaotic and noisy signals. Phonation produced with pressure between PTP and PIP contained mostly Type 1 voice, characterized by a regular and nearly periodic signal. Mean proportions of all VTCs varied significantly in comparisons of phonations produced with Sub-PTP and PTP as well as in comparisons of phonations produced with PTP and PIP. Conclusions Across all VTCs, the VTC profiles of normal and abnormal phonation differ significantly. Normal phonation is strongly associated with VTC1 (Voice Type Component 1), whereas abnormal phonation exhibits increased VTC4 (Voice Type Component 4). The study further demonstrates the ability of intrinsic dimension to successfully detect multiple voice types in an acoustic signal and highlights the need for expanded use of intrinsic dimension in human voice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14417585.

Strategies of Dynamic Complexity Management

The modern theory of complex systems changes our view of historical processes, accompanied by uncertainties, instabilities and ambiguities. The knowledge of this theory allows us to master a system or holistic thinking, and to understand the laws of functioning and growth of not just structural, but dynamic complexity. Uncertainties and chaotic elements that indicate any state of crisis are not only negative factors that we should beware of and not without fear to worry about them. We can learn to manage them and use them in the way of renewal of social systems, producing innovations. The strategic vision of complex systems evolution becomes an effective tool for decision making and scenarios planning based on our participatory activities with alternative futures. The article examines the case of Shell Corporation, which has been using scenario thinking technologies since the early 1970s, which has given it incredible competitive advantages and incentives for rapid growth and transformation into an international energy giant.

Assessment of energy efficiency of channel with nozzles

An algorithm for calculating the energy coefficient has been obtained, which makes it possible to estimate the efficiency of channel with various heat exchange intensifiers in the form of chaotic nozzle elements. The numerical study results are presented in the form of relationship between the energy coefficient Ed and the Reynolds number Ree. This made it possible to assess these heat exchange intensifiers from the point of view of energy efficiency and to determine the most optimal ones.

CHAOS COMPUTING: AN INTRODUCTION

There has been interest in so called alternative or unconventional computing paradigms that differ from traditional silicon-based computing architectures. One such paradigm is chaos computing. Chaos computing is based on the nonlinear dynamical principles and can perform all logical operations. It aims at implementing computing functions through the construction of logical gates by employing chaotic elements. The paper provides a brief introduction to chaos computing.

Comparative Thermohydraulic Efficiency of Processes in Channels with Chaotic Packing

A new approach to calculation of the thermohydraulic efficiency of channels with different methods of intensification including small-size chaotic packings was considered, and the corresponding expressions were obtained. For this, the Kirpichev, Antufiev, and Spalding energy coefficients, thermal efficiency of the process in the channel, and cell model of the flow structure were used. Expressions were given for calculating the temperature profiles, thermal efficiency, hydraulic resistance of channels with chaotic elements, and average Nusselt number. The results of calculations agreed with the experimental data obtained on an experimental stand with a tube-in-tube heat exchanger and oil–water heat transfer agents. Examples of calculations were given for several types of metal packing, and conclusions were drawn about the most effective designs. It was recommended to use metal chaotic packing in channels for liquids with increased viscosity because the laminar flow of the heat transfer agent changes to the turbulent one, and the heat transfer coefficient substantially increases in this case.

A NOVEL COMBINED CHAOS-GEOMETRIC AND VIBRATION BLIND SOURCE MONITORING APPROACH TO DAMAGE ANALYSIS AND DETECTION OF ENGINEERING STRUCTURES (NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS) UNDER VARYING ENVIRONMENTAL, OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS AND EMERGENCY ACCIDENTS

The paper is devoted to problem of analysis, identification and prediction of the presence of damages, which above a certain level may present a serious threat to the engineering (vibrating) structures such as different technical systems and devices, including nuclear reactors etc in result of the operational, environmental conditions, including the emergency accidents. For the first time we present and apply a novel computational approach to modelling, analysis (further prediction) of a chaotic behaviour of structural dynamic properties of the engineering structures, based on earlier developed chaos-geometric and vibration blind source monitoring approach. In the concrete realization the novel approach includes a combined group of blind source monitoring , non-linear analysis and chaos theory methods such as a correlation integral approach, average mutual information, surrogate data, false nearest neighbours algorithms, the Lyapunov’s exponents and Kolmogorov entropy analysis, nonlinear prediction models etc. As illustration we present the results of the numerical investigation of a chaotic elements in dynamical parameter time series for the experimental cantilever beam (the forcing and environmental conditions are imitated by the damaged structure, the variable temperature and availability of the pink-noise force). Using numerical time series analysis results, we list thedata on the topological and dynamical invariants, namely, the correlation, embedding, Kaplan-Yorke dimensions, the Lyapunov’s exponents and Kolmogorov entropy etc and consider a construction of the engineering structures (including nuclear reactors) damage detection prediction model. Under an influence of the operational, environmental conditions, including the emergency incidents (accidents) during the operation of the nuclear reactor vessel it is more than probable development (growth) of damages (defects) that existed initially, as well as the emergence of new defects and their further development (growth). In this case technical application of vibration diagnostics technologies and further analysis within the presented approach could be very useful together with available probabilistic models for assessing the safety of nuclear reactors.

Feast of Excess: A Cultural History of the New SensibilityThe Beauty of a Social Problem: Photography, Autonomy, Economy

Feast of Excess: A Cultural History of the New SensibilityThe Beauty of a Social Problem: Photography, Autonomy, Economy

Chaotic dynamics in nanoscale NbO2 Mott memristors for analogue computing.

At present, machine learning systems use simplified neuron models that lack the rich nonlinear phenomena observed in biological systems, which display spatio-temporal cooperative dynamics. There is evidence that neurons operate in a regime called the edge of chaos that may be central to complexity, learning efficiency, adaptability and analogue (non-Boolean) computation in brains. Neural networks have exhibited enhanced computational complexity when operated at the edge of chaos, and networks of chaotic elements have been proposed for solving combinatorial or global optimization problems. Thus, a source of controllable chaotic behaviour that can be incorporated into a neural-inspired circuit may be an essential component of future computational systems. Such chaotic elements have been simulated using elaborate transistor circuits that simulate known equations of chaos, but an experimental realization of chaotic dynamics from a single scalable electronic device has been lacking. Here we describe niobium dioxide (NbO2) Mott memristors each less than 100 nanometres across that exhibit both a nonlinear-transport-driven current-controlled negative differential resistance and a Mott-transition-driven temperature-controlled negative differential resistance. Mott materials have a temperature-dependent metal-insulator transition that acts as an electronic switch, which introduces a history-dependent resistance into the device. We incorporate these memristors into a relaxation oscillator and observe a tunable range of periodic and chaotic self-oscillations. We show that the nonlinear current transport coupled with thermal fluctuations at the nanoscale generates chaotic oscillations. Such memristors could be useful in certain types of neural-inspired computation by introducing a pseudo-random signal that prevents global synchronization and could also assist in finding a global minimum during a constrained search. We specifically demonstrate that incorporating such memristors into the hardware of a Hopfield computing network can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of converging to a solution for computationally difficult problems.

Double-well chimeras in 2D lattice of chaotic bistable elements

We investigate spatio-temporal dynamics of a 2D ensemble of nonlocally coupled chaotic cubic maps in a bistability regime. In particular, we perform a detailed study on the transition “coherence – incoherence” for varying coupling strength for a fixed interaction radius. For the 2D ensemble we show the appearance of amplitude and phase chimera states previously reported for 1D ensembles of nonlocally coupled chaotic systems. Moreover, we uncover a novel type of chimera state, double-well chimera, which occurs due to the interplay of the bistability of the local dynamics and the 2D ensemble structure. Additionally, we find double-well chimera behavior for steady states which we call double-well chimera death. A distinguishing feature of chimera patterns observed in the lattice is that they mainly combine clusters of different chimera types: phase, amplitude and double-well chimeras.

A Novel Measurement Matrix Optimization Approach for Hyperspectral Unmixing

Each pixel in the hyperspectral unmixing process is modeled as a linear combination of endmembers, which can be expressed in the form of linear combinations of a number of pure spectral signatures that are known in advance. However, the limitation of Gaussian random variables on its computational complexity or sparsity affects the efficiency and accuracy. This paper proposes a novel approach for the optimization of measurement matrix in compressive sensing (CS) theory for hyperspectral unmixing. Firstly, a new Toeplitz-structured chaotic measurement matrix (TSCMM) is formed by pseudo-random chaotic elements, which can be implemented by a simple hardware; secondly, rank revealing QR factorization with eigenvalue decomposition is presented to speed up the measurement time; finally, orthogonal gradient descent method for measurement matrix optimization is used to achieve optimal incoherence. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can lead to better CS reconstruction performance with low extra computational cost in hyperspectral unmixing.

Crowd synchrony in chaotic oscillators

Quorum sensing is a phenomenon wherein the size of an ensemble (population density) decides its dynamical state. This happens when its constituting elements alter their dynamics coherently with the change in their population. In case of chaotic ensemble, as a precursor to the emergence of global chaotic synchronization, the chaotic elements undergo various dynamical transitions (chaotic state $$\rightarrow $$ silent/periodic state $$\rightarrow $$ periodic state/ intermittent chaos $$\rightarrow $$ chaotic state) sequentially with the increase in their population. Among these sequence of quorum transitions, we mark the transition periodic state/intermittent chaos $$\rightarrow $$ chaotic state (i.e the final quorum transition between the unsynchronized and synchronized chaotic states) as a ‘crowd synchrony’ transition for convenience. In contrast to the conventional quorum sensing mechanism, we study this population-based phenomenon by exploring the scenario wherein the chaotic elements interact via an element (of same kind) resting in a steady state, i.e the surrounding of the elements is not only dynamic but also incorporates the underlying features of the elements. Apart from the other advantages (discussed in the text), considering the surrounding of the elements as an element, resolves the issue regarding the dimensionality of the surround (which has not been addressed before) when more than one interacting species are involved. The proposed mechanism has been tested on two different class of chaotic oscillators: spiking neuron (i.e a relaxed biological oscillator) and Chua’s circuit, i.e a sinusoidal-type electrical oscillator (for the experimental verification).