Changes In T-lymphocyte Subpopulations Research Articles

. Changes in Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metallopeptidase-2/9 (MMP-2/9), serum CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer

Abstract Objective: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide, posing a great potential threat to the health and life safety of patients. Methods: One hundred and fifty NSCLC patients admitted to our hospital from September 2022 to September 2023 were selected, inflammatory response, changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations before and after surgery were detected, and patients' psychological status was investigated. Finally, patients were followed up for 6 months to record the prognostic survival rate. Results: Postoperative inflammatory factors and CD8+ were lower in the research group than in the control group, while CD3, CD4+ and CD4/CD8+ were higher than in the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the psychological status of the research group was better. But there was no difference in prognostic survival between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative refinement of care can optimize the surgical process in patients with NSCLC, and the cellular immune function was enhanced.

Возрастная динамика субпопуляций Т-лимфоцитов у пациентов с синдромом делеции 22q11.2 (синдромом Ди Джорджи)

Patients with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge syndrome, DDS) suffer from T-cell lymphopenia, changes in function and subpopulation of T-lymphocytes. The bibliographical data conflicts on the characteristics of T-lymphocytes in patients with DDS and their changes during physiological maturation. The purpose of this research was to follow-up patients with emphasis on the dynamics of changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations with age. Methods used: 117 patients observed during 2013-2023 who were administered at the Allergology and Immunology Department with the G.N. Speransky City Children’s Hospital No. 9 (Moscow, Russia) with a diagnosis of DDS and who had undergone blood sampling to assess T-lymphocyte subpopulations using flow cytometry. All patients (0 to 18 y/o) were divided into 4 age groups: 0 to 2 y/o, 2 to 5 y/o, 5 to 10 y/o and 10 to 18 y/o. In parallel, the blood samples of 185 apparently healthy children of the corresponding age were examined. Results: a decrease in CD3 T-lymphocytes, CD4 T-helper cells, CD8 T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, CD4 early thymic emigrants and CD4 naive T-lymphocytes was found in all age groups (p<0.05). CD8+ naive T-lymphocytes and CD8+ early thymic emigrants were reduced in all age groups, but in the 2 to 5 y/o age group their values were close to normal (p=0.072 and p=0.220, respectively). CD4+ central memory cells were elevated in all age groups (p<0.001), while CD8+ central memory cells, CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory cells differed in that they had normal values in the 2 to 5 y/o age group (p=0.229, p=0.457 and p=0.140, respectively). CD4+ TEMRA were significantly increased in the 0 to 2 y/o age group (p=0.002), and in older age groups they tended to normal values. CD8+ TEMRA did not differ from the control group and did not have age-related dynamics. The T-helper subpopulations were characterized by a significant increase in the percentage of T-helper type 1, T-helper 17, T-helper 17.1 and a decrease in T-helper type 2 compared to the population of healthy blood sample donors (p=0.001), except for patients from the 2 to 5 y/o age group. T-regulatory cells in absolute amount were reduced in all age groups (p<0.001), while their relative number corresponded to the norm in the 0 to 2 y/o age group (p=0.811) and decreased slightly in patients in older age groups, especially in the 2 to 5 y/o age group (p=0.030). Conclusion: the pathology of thymus development in patients with DDS leads to impaired maturation of T-lymphocytes, leading to an increase in the number of mature forms of T-lymphocytes, shifts towards the development of T-helper 1 and T-helper 17, and a decrease in T-regulatory cells. Disturbances in T-lymphocytes can cause changes (dysregulation) in subpopulations of B-cells. All these processes may underlie the progression of autoimmune and infectious complications in such patients that are increasing with aging.

Effectiveness of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in patients with critical limb ischemia

Introduction and objectiveTransplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) has been shown to be effective in treating critical limb ischemia (CLI). However, the mechanism of MSCs-mediated improvements, especially on the immune-inflammatory aspects of this disease, is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and inflammatory mediators (such as IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) in PBMCs from CLI patients after UC-MSCs treatment and correlation between inflammatory mediators and EPCs. Patients and methods8 patients received UC-MSCs transplantation. Before the treatment, at 24h and 1 month thereafter, peripheral blood samples were collected from 8 patients and 8 healthy volunteers. Patients were evaluated for changes in IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and levels of circulating EPCs. ResultsTNF-α and IL-6 serum levels increased at 24h (p=0.017, p=0.099) after treatment and then decreased at 1 month (p=0.031, p=0.072) compared with those before treatment. The percentages of CD3+T, CD3+CD4+T-lymphocytes and NK cells decreased significantly after UC-MSCs treatment (p=0.002, p=0.012 and p=0.029, respectively). TNF-α (r=−0.602, p=0.038) was shown to be inversely correlated with the number of circulating EPCs. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that UC-MSCs have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation properties in CLI and suggests that UC-MSCs promote healing of non-healing wounds.

Effectiveness of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in patients with critical limb ischemia

Introduction and objectiveTransplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) has been shown to be effective in treating critical limb ischemia (CLI). However, the mechanism of MSCs-mediated improvements, especially on the immune-inflammatory aspects of this disease, is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and inflammatory mediators (such as IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) in PBMCs from CLI patients after UC-MSCs treatment and correlation between inflammatory mediators and EPCs. Patients and methods8 patients received UC-MSCs transplantation. Before the treatment, at 24h and 1 month thereafter, peripheral blood samples were collected from 8 patients and 8 healthy volunteers. Patients were evaluated for changes in IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and levels of circulating EPCs. ResultsTNF-α and IL-6 serum levels increased at 24h (p=0.017, p=0.099) after treatment and then decreased at 1 month (p=0.031, p=0.072) compared with those before treatment. The percentages of CD3+T, CD3+CD4+T-lymphocytes and NK cells decreased significantly after UC-MSCs treatment (p=0.002, p=0.012 and p=0.029, respectively). TNF-α (r=−0.602, p=0.038) was shown to be inversely correlated with the number of circulating EPCs. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that UC-MSCs have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation properties in CLI and suggests that UC-MSCs promote healing of non-healing wounds.

The Immunomodulatory Effects of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Critical Limb Ischemia Patients

Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) has been shown to be effective in treating critical limb ischemia (CLI). However, the mechanism of MSCs- mediated improvements in CLI patients, especially with respect to the immune- inflammatory aspects of this disease, is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and inflammatory mediators (such as IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) in PBMCs from CLI patients after UC-MSCs treatment, as well as the correlation between inflammatory mediators and EPCs. TNF-α serum levels increased at 24 h (p=0.017) after treatment and then decreased at 1 month (p=0.031) compared with that before treatment. IL6 serum levels increased at 24 h (p=0.099) after treatment and then decreased at 1 month (p=0.072) compared with that before treatment. The percentages of CD3+ T, CD3+ CD4+ lymphocytes and NK cells were significantly decreased after UC-MSCs treatment (p=0.002, p=0.012 and p=0.029, respectively). TNF-α (r=-0.42, p=0.0004) and IL-6(r=-0.33, P < 0.0001) were shown to be inversely correlated with the number of circulating EPCs. Our studies have shown that UC-MSCs have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation properties in CLI and promotes healing of non-healing wounds.

Changes of T-lymphocyte subpopulation and differential expression pattern of the T-bet and GATA-3 genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients after chemotherapy.

Background and objectiveT cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in enhancing antitumor response.This study aimed to investigate the changes in the T-lymphocyte subpopulation and to characterize the differential expression pattern of corresponding regulatory genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients before and after chemotherapy.MethodsA total of 56 DLBCL patients were recruited for analysis of T-cell subset distribution in the peripheral blood using flow cytometry; serum interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; and early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1), T-bet, GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA-3), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β mRNA levels using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-six healthy subjects served as controls.ResultsThe percentage of CD3+CD4+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood from DLBCL patients was significantly decreased, whereas the percentages of CD3+CD8+T and CD4+CD25+T cells were significantly increased compared to those in controls (p < 0.05). Serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were also significantly lower in DLBCL patients than those in controls (p < 0.05), and the levels of EGR-1, T-bet, and GATA-3 mRNA in PBMCs were lower (2.69 ± 1.48, 9.43 ± 2.14, and 20.83 ± 9.05 fold, respectively) in DLBCL patients than those in controls. Furthermore, there was a positive association between the levels of EGR-1 and T-bet mRNA (p = 0.001). However, the level of TGF-β mRNA was significantly increased in DLBCL patients, which was inversely associated with the T-bet mRNA level (p = 0.008), but positively associated with the percentage of T regulatory cells in PBMCs (p = 0.011). After three cycles of chemotherapy, the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets in DLBCL patients were changed, and the levels of EGR-1, T-bet, and GATA-3 mRNA were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to those before chemotherapy.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate the changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and the altered expression 34 pattern of the corresponding regulatory genes in PBMCs from DLBCL patients after chemotherapy, which are associated with the response of patients to treatment. The preferential expression of the T-bet gene after chemotherapy was closely correlated with the increased expression of the EGR-1 gene and decreased expression of the TGF-β gene.

Tc2 Response at the Onset of COPD Exacerbations

T lymphocytes and especially the subpopulations of CD8+ cells are believed to have a key role in COPD pathophysiology, but there are only few data regarding the role of these cells in COPD exacerbation. We aimed to study prospectively changes of CD8+ T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the sputum of COPD patients at the onset of mild exacerbations and at a stable condition in order to provide further insight in the pathophysiology of the disease. Induced-sputum samples were collected from 24 COPD patients with median age of 52 years (interquartile range [IQR], 44 to 58 years) and FEV(1) percentage of predicted of 78.05% (IQR, 75.8 to 80.1%) at the onset of mild exacerbations not requiring hospitalization and when stable. Inflammatory cells and T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4+, CD8+, and cells producing interferon [IFN]-gamma or interleukin [IL]-4) were measured using flow cytometry and immunocytochemical methods. A significant increase in sputum CD8+ T lymphocytes (p < 0.0001) and significant decreases in CD4+ T lymphocytes as well as in CD4+/CD8+ (p = 0.0001) and CD8+IFN-gamma+/CD8+IL-4+ (p = 0.001), CD4+IFN-gamma+/CD4+IL-4+ (p = 0.0003) sputum cells ratios were found decreased at the onset of exacerbations compared to stable condition. The changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations were not associated with smoking history, demographic characteristics, or disease severity. The findings of the present study suggest that CD8+ lymphocytes are increased and potentially polarized toward a Tc2 profile in the airways of COPD patients at the onset of COPD exacerbations with respect to stable condition. The clinical impact of the observed phenomenon requires further investigation.

Cognitive–behavioral stress management intervention effects on anxiety, 24-hr urinary norepinephrine output, and T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells over time among symptomatic HIV-infected gay men.

The present study tested the effects of a multimodal cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention on anxious mood, perceived stress, 24-hr urinary catecholamine levels, and changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations over time in symptomatic HIV+ gay men. Seventy-three men were randomized to either a group-based CBSM intervention (n = 47) or a wait-list control (WLC) condition (n = 26). Men assigned to CBSM showed significantly lower posttreatment levels of self-reported anxiety, anger, total mood disturbance, and perceived stress and less norepinephrine (NE) output as compared with men in the WLC group. At the individual level, anxiety decreases paralleled NE reductions. Significantly greater numbers of T-cytotoxic/suppressor (CD3+CD8+) lymphocytes were found 6 to 12 months later in those assigned to CBSM. Moreover, greater decreases in NE output and a greater frequency of relaxation home practice during the 10-week CBSM intervention period predicted higher CD3+CD8+ cell counts at follow-up.

Relapse markers in multiple sclerosis: are in vitro cytokine production changes reflected by circulatory T-cell phenotype alterations?

In vitro tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, serum neopterin levels, and T-lymphocyte subpopulations were determined on a monthly basis in 22 MS patients. We found increased in vitro TNF-alpha production from 4 weeks on prior to the day of an exacerbation. There was a significant correlation with in vitro IFN-gamma release, the absolute blood monocyte count and the serum neopterin levels, suggesting that monocytes stimulated by IFN-gamma play an important role in the TNF-alpha production. Serial analysis of in vitro TNF-alpha production proved to be a helpful tool in predicting relapses in MS patients. Furthermore, elevated levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 after stimulation with OKT3 during exacerbations were demonstrated. These increases were not reflected by changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations. However, significant differences in T-cell subsets were observed between controls and relapsing progressive patients.

Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and serum lymphokine concentrations after partial hepatectomy in rats

The relationship between liver regeneration and immunological response does exist. Extrathymic T cells and serum lymphokines are believed to be changed after partial hepatectomy, but there is still much controversy. This study evaluates the changes of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations, natural killer (NK) cells, serum lymphokines, and NK cells in the remnant liver after partial hepatectomy. Male Wistar rats weighing around 200 g were used as subjects. Partial hepatectomies (67%) were done. Counting T-lymphocyte subpopulations (includes T3, T4, T8, T-IL2R, and NK cells) by using fluorescin isothiocyanate or phycoerythrin was performed preoperatively and on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 d postoperatively. Serum gamma-interferon (γ-IFN), interleukin-2 and interleukin-2 receptor concentrations were measured. Absolute number of NK cells in the remnant liver was also counted. Rats with right-side nephrectomy, sham operation, and no operation were used as control groups. Comparing the difference between all groups, we found that all T-lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood, serum γ-IFN, peripheral blood NK cells, and the absolute number of NK cells in the remnant liver of hepatectomized rats increased markedly, and were significantly higher than control groups rats, on the fifth and seventh post-hepatectomy day. It is suggested that γ-IFN and NK cells were activated markedly and might play important roles in the regulation of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

Asthma ‘Of Mice and Men’–How do animal models help us understand human asthma?

Asthma ‘Of Mice and Men’–How do animal models help us understand human asthma?

Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations during pregnancy complicated by human immunodeficiency virus infection

3were offered zidovudine after the first trimester. We performed a regression analysis of repeated measures on the total lymphocyte, CD4, and CDS counts. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were studied, 10 (43%) of whom took zidovudine. CD4, CDS, and total lymphocyte counts decreased in patients not taking zidovudine but remained stable in patients receiving zidovudine. The differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: CD4 and CDS counts may decrease during pregnancies complicated by human immunodeficiency virus infection, primarily because of decreases in the total lymphocyte count. The use of zidovudine may prevent this decline. The clinical use of absolute CD4 counts during pregnancy requires further study. (AM J OBSTET GVNECOL 1992;167:1575-9.)

Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations during pregnancy complicated by human immunodeficiency virus infection

OBJECTIVE: We describe changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in pregnancies complicated by human immunodeficiency virus infection.STUDY DESIGN: T-lymphocyte counts were performed every trimester and postpartum on all patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Patients with a CD4 count < 500 cells/mm3 were offered zidovudine after the first trimester. We performed a regression analysis of repeated measures on the total lymphocyte, CD4, and CD8 counts.RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were studied, 10 (43%) of whom took zidovudine. CD4, CD8, and total lymphocyte counts decreased in patients not taking zidovudine but remained stable in patients receiving zidovudine. The differences were not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS: CD4 and CD8 counts may decrease during pregnancies complicated by human immunodeficiency virus infection, primarily because of decreases in the total lymphocyte count. The use of zidovudine may prevent this decline. The clinical use of absolute CD4 counts during pregnancy requires further study. (AM J OBSTET GYNECOL 1992;167:1575-9.)

Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and natural killer cells following exposure to ambient levels of nitrogen dioxide.

The effects of ambient levels of NO2 on murine splenic T-lymphocyte subpopulations and natural killer cells were investigated. AKR/cum and C57BL/6J mice were exposed, in inhalation chambers, to 0.25 ppm NO2 for 7 wk and 0.35 ppm NO2 for 12 wk, respectively. Monoclonal antibody technology was used in conjunction with fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis to detect quantitative changes in total T-lymphocytes (Thy-1.2-positive), mature T-lymphocytes (Lyt-1-positive), T-helper/inducer lymphocytes (L3T4-positive), T-cytotoxic/suppressor lymphocytes (Lyt-2-positive), and natural killer cells (asialo GM1-positive). Percentages of all T-lymphocyte subpopulations tested and natural killer cells were lower in spleens of mice exposed to NO2 compared to filtered-air controls. This is the first report providing evidence linking alterations in T-lymphocyte subpopulations and natural killer cells to NO2 exposure at ambient levels. Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations detected by FACS and correlated to impaired immune function may provide an extremely sensitive means of demonstrating NO2-induced changes in the immune system.

Changes in spontaneous SCE frequencies as a function of sampling time in lymphocytes from normal donors and cancer patients

Spontaneous SCE frequencies were measured in cells undergoing their second mitosis at 54, 68, 72, 78 or 90 h after PHA stimulation of whole blood cultures from 7 normal donors. A consistent pattern of fluctuation of SCE levels was observed between 54 and 78 h. The magnitude of change in SCE frequency between consecutive fixation times was as high as 80% for some donors. These observations support the hypothesis of Snope and Rary (1979) that there are subpopulations of lymphocytes with different spontaneous SCE levels and different proliferation rates. In untreated cancer patients the patterns of change in SCE frequency with time were different from that seen in normal donors. This may be because of quantitative changes in T-lymphocyte sub-populations which have been observed in cancer patients. Changes in SCE frequency of less than about a factor of two, observed at a single sampling time may not be indicative of genotoxic events or genetic instability but simply represent changes in the composition of lymphocyte sub-populations and/or in their rates of proliferation in vitro.

Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations after antigenic bronchial provocation in asthmatics.

To determine whether inhaled agents can alter T-cell subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with bronchial asthma, we tested six asymptomatic asthmatics who were sensitive to mixed grass (positive skin test) with mixed grass extract, methacholine, and an antigen to which they were not sensitized (negative skin test). Levels of OKT4 cells (helper T lymphocytes) were reduced in the peripheral blood immediately after the challenge with mixed grass extract, and remained low for at least 72 hours. Levels of Ia-positive (activated) T cells were increased 48 hours after the challenge. No changes were observed in any of these T-cell subpopulations after challenge with methacholine or after the inhalation of an equal amount of an antigen to which the subjects were not sensitized. These results suggest that the selective loss of circulating helper T cells and an increase in activated T cells after an asthmatic attack induced by antigenic inhalation may serve as an indicator of immune-mediated bronchoconstriction.