Changes In Soft Tissue Structures Research Articles

Soft tissue and incisor position changes in class I bimaxillary subjects after retraction using friction and frictionless mechanics

Aim: Bimaxillary protrusion is a common condition observed irrespective of race and ethnicity and is a chief concern for patients who seek orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate changes in soft tissue structures and incisor positions in class I bimaxillary protrusion subjects undergoing orthodontic therapy when friction and frictionless mechanics were used. Methods: Two groups with a total of 40 patients aged 18–30 years diagnosed with class I bimaxillary protrusion treated by extracting first premolars were considered for this study. Patients treated with friction mechanics were included in Group 1 and those treated with frictionless mechanics in Group 2. The digital lateral cephalograms were calibrated and analyzed using Nemoceph software. Selected landmarks were marked on pre- and post-treatment cephalograms and assessed for intra- and inter-group soft tissue and incisor position changes. Student’s t-test was used to analyze the collected data using SPSS 20 software. Result: Intragroup comparison revealed significant changes in both groups. Inter-group comparison of the selected parameters between groups 1 and 2 showed differences but without any statistical significance, except for the inter-incisal angle. Conclusion: Pre- and post-treatment comparison analysis revealed significant soft tissue changes in both groups. However, the comparison between friction and frictionless mechanics showed no statistically significant changes.

Renal adenocarcinoma found in a clinically lame marbled duck (Marmaronetta angustirostris)

AbstractLameness is a frequent reason for captive waterfowl to be presented to a veterinarian. This case report describes unilateral right hindlimb lameness in an 11‐year‐old, female marbled duck kept at a zoological collection in the United Kingdom. Although the bird was euthanased after clinical and radiographic examination, both supported a diagnosis of degenerative joint disease, postmortem examination revealed a renal adenocarcinoma, which possibly put pressure on the nerves of the left hindlimb and may have interfered with the duck's mobility. This case highlights that coelomic issues may lead to lameness in avian patients and, as such, clinicians must consider changes in soft tissue structures alongside skeletal abnormalities when evaluating radiographic images in cases of lameness.

Temporomandibular disorders and their impact on the development of the overloading changes within temporomandibular joints.

The study material included a group of 386 patients, both sexes, aged 20 to 46 years, who came for prosthetic treatment due to symptoms of TMD. Ultrasound examination of the temporomandibular joints supplemented the clinical diagnosis of TMD in all the subjects. Axis I of the DC/TMD were used. Group I included 116 women and 89 men, group II consisted of 102 women and 79 men. Pathological morphological changes in the temporomandibular joints were found in all the examined patients. The changes in soft tissue structures were significantly increased in group II, but numerous pathomorphological changes were also present in the group of patients with the muscle form of TMD. The results of the conducted studies with the use of USG temporomandibular joints revealed numerous pathomorphological changes within the temporomandibular joints. This indicates the usefulness of the USG examination in additional diagnostic tests in the group of patients with TMD.

Anatomic study of carpal tunnel in adults using monoenergetic reconstruction of dual-energy computed tomography.

To seek optimal keV settings for imaging carpal tunnel in adults by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) monoenergetic technique; to describe anatomic characteristics of carpal tunnel and to observe correlation between carpal bony and soft tissue structures. DECT images of 20 wrists (11 left and 9 right wrists; 14 men, mean age 26.93±1.38 years, range 23 to 28, and 6 women, mean age 24.17 ± 0.98 years, range 23 to 26) were evaluated. Monoenergetic images were reconstructed at 42, 62, 82, 102, 122, and 142 keV. Image quality was assessed along a 5-point Likert scale, and the highest-quality images were chosen for quantitative analysis. Two musculoskeletal radiologists performed both analyses independently. The optimal energy spectrum with the best contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for monoenergetic images were at 62 keV (19 wrists, 95%) and 61 keV (1 wrist, 5%). There was substantial interobserver agreement between the readers in the 5-point Likert scale analysis of image quality (k= 0.793). Bland-Altman plots also indicated good agreement between observers in quantitative analysis. Intra-category 1 and 2 correlation was mostly discovered at hamate hook level and middle level of pisiform (P < 0.05), while bony and soft tissue structures partly reached correlation (P < 0.05). The optimal energy spectrum for monoenergetic DECT imaging of carpal tunnel structures was 62 keV. DECT monoenergetic imaging could predict changes in soft tissue structures and demonstrate carpal tunnel anatomic structures.

Changes in soft tissue structures around the lips associated with sagittal split ramus osteotomy in skeletal Class Ⅲfemale patients

Changes in soft tissue structures around the lips associated with sagittal split ramus osteotomy in skeletal Class Ⅲfemale patients

Lumbar Spinal Instability: An Updated Rewiew

Supine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is routinely used in the assessment of low- back pain and radiculopathy. However, imaging findings often correlate poorly with clinical findings. This is partly related to the positional dependence of spinal stenosis, which reflects dynamic changes in soft-tissue structures. Upright MRI in the flexed, extended, rotated, standing, and bending positions allows patients to reproduce the positions that bring about their symptoms. Assessment of the degree of spinal stability in the degenerate and postoperative lumbar spine is also possible and it offers many diagnostic opportunities. The aim of this rewiew is to present the findings concerning the spine instability using conventional and upright MRI.