Changes In Skin Condition Research Articles

Efficacy and safety of three antiseptics for neonatal skin disinfection: a cohort study.

The choice of the ideal antiseptic is not only based on its efficacy but also on safety and skin-friendliness. There are no standard recommendations regarding ideal skin preparation in neonates. This was a prospective cohort study to evaluate the efficacy of 3 antiseptics[10% Povidone Iodine(PI), 70% isopropyl alcohol(AL), 2% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol(CHG-IPA)] in disinfecting the skin before venipuncture in term neonates as assessed by logarithmic reduction in skin bacterial colony counts post-application. Secondary objectives were to assess the changes in skin condition. Measurements were done pre-, post-antiseptic and 6-24 h (for residual effect) later. Fifty neonates were enrolled in each group. All three antiseptics caused a significant reduction in bacterial load post-application, but maximal efficacy [2.6(2.2-2.8)log reduction] and, maximal residual effect at 6-24 h was seen with CHG-IPA [2.4(2.2-2.6)log reduction]. The logarithmic reduction in colony counts from pre-intervention to 6-24 h later remained significant for all three groups [(PI, p-0.039; CHG-IPA, p-0.00; AL, p - 0.01)]. After an initial alteration in hydration, and skin condition score, there was a return to baseline after 6-24 h. 2% CHG-IPA had better efficacy than AL or PI for skin antisepsis in term neonates. There was no significant change in skin integrity in all three groups. All three antiseptics [2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol(CHG + IPA), 10% Povidone Iodine(PI), and 70% isopropyl alcohol(AL)] cause significant reduction in bacterial colony counts. CHG + IPA has the maximum efficacy as assessed by log reduction of bacterial colony counts with optimal residual effect favouring its usage in term neonates. The least efficacy is seen with 70% isopropyl alcohol. All three antiseptics are skin-friendly and do not affect the skin integrity. Future studies addressing the clinical outcomes and safety in preterm populations with these commonly used antiseptics should be done.

Seasonal Prevalence of Skin Lesions on Dolphins across a Natural Salinity Gradient

Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabit waters across a broad natural salinity gradient and exhibit changes in skin condition based on the quality of their environment. Prolonged exposure to low salinities (≤10–20 ppt) degenerates the epidermal barrier and causes cutaneous lesions in dolphins, while the role of high salinity exposure (>35 ppt) in lesion development remains unknown. We assessed seasonal lesion prevalence in three free-ranging dolphin stocks inhabiting coastal Gulf of Mexico (GoM) waters of different salinities (0–30 ppt, 22–35 ppt, and 36+ ppt) using images of dolphin bodies. Lesions were documented on 44% of the dolphins photographed (n = 432), and lesion occurrence was significantly related to cold seasons and water temperatures but not salinity. Cold water temperatures may heighten dolphin susceptibility to infectious pathogens and disease and compound the effects of anthropogenic pollutants in the GoM. As dolphins are a bioindicator species of marine habitat welfare, natural studies assessing dolphin skin may reveal environmental degradation with potential impacts on marine ecosystems and human health.

An open-label, single-arm clinical study to evaluate efficacy and safety of Nyumi radiant skin gummies in healthy adult subjects with fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentary spots, and under eyes dark circles

Objectives: Flawless skin is certainly the most desired feature that plays a vital cosmetic role in human being. Apart from protecting our body from environmental factors, it also protects the body from water loss and infection-causing microorganisms. However, the skin condition changes due to various ageing factors. The present study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of multivitamin and nutraceutical ingredients-based gummies in adult human participants. Material and Methods: An open-label, single-arm clinical study was conducted on 36 enrolled healthy males and females (in ratio of 1:2) between 20 and 65 years of age to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the study product in healthy adult subjects with fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentary spots, and under eyes dark circles. All eligible subjects consumed the test product for 75 days. They underwent clinical evaluation by dermatologist, instruments evaluation, and subjective evaluation. Results: Thirty two (n = 32) subjects completed all study visits. The study product, when consumed for 75 days, was found to be efficacious in reducing fine lines/wrinkles, under-eye dark circles, and pigmentation and also improving the overall skin condition as evidenced by dermatological, instrumental, and subjective assessments on day 25, day 50, and day 75. Regular consumption of gummies significantly reduced the appearance and severity of coarse wrinkling/lines and fine lines/wrinkles, improved skin laxity, reduced skin dryness by moisturizing the skin, lighten the pigmented area and under-eye dark circles by reducing the melanin concentration, increased the radiance/glow of the skin, improved the texture and firmness of the skin, reduced skin roughness, and also improved skin tone evenness. Moreover, no adverse event was recorded during the study conduction. Conclusion: The results of this clinical study suggest that consumption of two gummies together once daily for 75 days significantly improved skin radiance/glow, skin laxity, skin hydration, skin texture and firmness, skin tone evenness and reduced skin roughness, hence improving the overall skin condition. It was found to be efficacious in reducing the appearance and severity of coarse wrinkling/lines, fine lines/wrinkles, hyperpigmentary spots, and under-eye dark circles by reducing the melanin concentration as assessed by dermatologist, various instruments, and subjective assessment. The test product also proved to be safe based on no apparent or experienced discomfort, reactions or any kind of intolerance or adverse skin reactions or events during the trial.

Microneedling with a Novel, n-3-PUFA-Rich Formulation Accelerates Inflammation Resolution to Improve Skin Recovery Outcomes in Adults with Healthy Skin.

Microneedling is a cosmetic procedure that leverages the skin's natural ability to heal in order to promote collagen formation and skin rejuvenation. To provide improved results, the technique can be combined with topical formulations. A new formulation of multiple actives, including omega-3 (n-3)polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), was designed to accelerate the resolution of inflammation and wound healing following micro-injury treatments, while enhancing the visible appearance of procedure results, including erythema, luminosity and skin texture. In this randomised, controlled, split-face study, we examined 32 healthy female participants aged 30-70 years for 4weeks following microneedling treatment with a novel multiple-active-ingredient formulation or conventional microneedling protocol with a hyaluronic acid control serum. Changes in skin condition were assessed by blinded clinical photography and expert evaluation. Measurements were collected at baseline, 1h, 1day, 7days and 28days post treatment. Significantly greater improvements in expert-assessed erythema, luminosity and skin texture were reported following application of the novel multiple-active-ingredient formulation than the hyaluronic acid control serum. This was confirmed by representative VISIA®-CR imaging. These data provide new evidence for the role of a novel multiple-active-ingredient formulation for improving skin outcomes up to 28days following microneedling in adults with healthy skin when compared with a hyaluronic acid serum. The n-3 PUFA content of this formulation may drive accelerated inflammation resolution and wound healing alongside the complementary action of the other active ingredients, leading to the observed improvements in erythema, luminosity and skin texture.

Effect Of The Addition Of VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) Oil In Clay Mask Formulation Alfa-Tocoferol As Anti-Aging

Premature aging is a natural process in life. Usually premature aging is caused by excessive sun exposure, pollution, and stress. Vitamin E and lauric acid and oleic acid from VCO oil as antioxidant that can protect the skin from free radicals and which work as maoisturizers to prevent dry skin. to formulate and evaluate clay mask preparations from alpha-tocopherol and vco oil as anti-aging. this research was conducted experimentally. The preparations of Clay mask was carried out by adding alpha-tocopherol and vco oil with concentrations of 1%:5% (F1), 1%:7% (F2), and 1%:9% (F3) respectively into the base of the clay mask and preparations. The blank (F0) was used as a clay mask base witout the additionof alpha-tocopherol and Vco oil. Tests on clay mask preparations include homogeneity test, stability test, pH test, irritation test, mask drying time test and anti-aging effectiveness measurement test using a skin analyzer on volunteers‟ faces. Parameters tested include water content, large pores, many blemishes and wrinkles. The treatment was carried out for four weeks. the results of the study showed that alpha-tocopherol and vco oil could be formulated in clay mask preparations and werw stable for 12 weeks of storage, homogeneous mask preparations, pH 5,6-6,1, stable during storage, could not irritate the skin. The higher the concentration used indicates a change in skin condition for the better with the highest concentration for four weeks for thr better with increasing water content (22,33 to 40,66), smaller pore (39,66 to 20,00), reduced blemishes (40,66 to 21,00), less wrinkles (34,00 to 16,00). alpha-tocopherol with vco oil can be formulated into a clay mask preparation and its good effevtiveness as an anti-aging can be seen in clay mask with 9% vco oil concentration. Imparoved skin condition with increased moisture content (percent recovery 33,54%), smaller pores (prcent recovery 45,96%), reduced blesmishes (percent recovery 49,11%) and reduced wrinkles (percentage recovery 44,85%). However, for some people, using a clay mask can cause allergic reactions and itching. In addition, excessive use of clay masks can also make the skin dry, which triggers excess oil production. It is hoped that future researchers will be able to make clay mask formulas with different samples.

세라마이드 캡슐화 리포좀을 함유한 화장품 사용이 피부 상태 변화에 미치는 영향

This study attempted to investigate the influence of cosmetics containing liposome capsulized with ceramides on the skin. For this, clinical trials were performed against a total of 24 adult women in their 20-50s. Specifically, a double-blind test was conducted on both control and experimental groups (12 testees, each). The control group testees used liposome ceramides-free toner and cream while the experimental group testees used 5% liposome ceramides- containing toner and cream in the morning and in the evening everyday over six (6) weeks. Then, changes in skin conditions were measured and analyzed, using a skin analyzer, and the results found the followings: The control group revealed no statistically significant change in eye wrinkles, facial wrinkles, facial wrinkle index, skin roughness, UV pigmentation index, facial blushing, skin tone and moisture index. In contrast, the experimental group showed a statistically significance decrease in eye wrinkles, facial wrinkles, facial wrinkle index, skin roughness, UV pigmentation index and facial blushing and a significant increase in moisture. However, no significant change was found in skin tone. The above results confirm that liposome capsulized with ceramides is an effective cosmetic ingredient which keeps skin healthy and youthful and strengthens a skin barrier with a positive effect on skin moisture, skin roughness, facial blushing, facial wrinkles and skin pigmentation. In other words, liposome capsulized with ceramides is valuable as a cosmetic substance. Therefore, it is anticipated that there would be further studies on the effects and efficacies of cosmetics containing 5% liposome capsulized with ceramides and their effective ingredients.

Significant Responses of Skin Conditions or Other Disorder after COVID-19 Vaccine

This paper reviews the literature focusing on changes in skin conditions after vaccination following the pandemic of COVID-19. This review paper is a critical literature review, and a narrative review approach has been used for this study. A total of 588 references were selected using representative journal search websites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, which a total of 44 papers were selected in the final stage based on 2021 to 2022. There are many side effects after vaccination, some recover over time and some do not. It was briefly reviewed in Johnson syndrome, Acquired hemophilia A, and Vasculitis flare. The idea is that the COVID-19 pandemic is putting people at risk, and the vaccine to prevent it may not be safe. This article provides a positive view on the development of new vaccineenhancing technologies. The eradication of Covid-19 will require active efforts not only by medical staff and medical policies but also by patients themselves.

Prevalence of changes in skin condition due to hand hygiene measures applied during the Covid-19 pandemic among the Lithuanian population

Augustina Zaveriuchaitė1, Gabrielė Gogelytė1, Inga Kisielienė1,2 1 Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania 2 Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Infectious diseases and Dermatovenerology, Center of Dermatovenerology, Vilnius, Lithuania Abstract Introduction. COVID-19 pandemic forced people to use personal protective measures, in order to stop virus from spreading. Frequent hand […]

FLASH Effects Induced by kV X-Rays in a Murine Skin Model

<h3>Purpose/Objective(s)</h3> Current research on FLASH dose rate radiotherapy is predominantly performed with advanced proton or electron accelerators of limited access to the laboratory researcher. Stationary anode orthovoltage x-ray irradiators would be desirable but are currently incapable of supporting the power requirements to operate at FLASH dose rates. In this study, we investigate the use of rotating anode x-ray tubes to overcome these limitations. We present the dosimetric characterization of a rotating anode x-ray system for laboratory FLASH research and its implementation for a pilot study of radiation skin toxicities in mice. <h3>Materials/Methods</h3> A high-capacity rotating anode x-ray tube was installed in our laboratory with a 75-kW generator, operating at 150 kVp with 0.025 mm Cu added filtration. Calibrated radiographic film was irradiated at varying depths in kV solid water to measure output, beam profiles, and depth-dose parameters (PDD). A variety of wild-type mice (GR/GRT, CMV) were irradiated to the hind flank to 38 or 48 Gy at the highest achievable dose rate (FLASH-IR). Conventional dose rate irradiations (CONV-IR) to the same doses were performed at 3 Gy/min using a 220 kVp x-ray irradiator. Visible skin toxicities were assessed weekly and quantified using a skin scoring scale for endpoints of hair loss, erythema, and ulceration (n= 7 per dose at each dose rate). At 8-weeks post irradiation, skin samples were harvested and stained with H&E to assess pathological changes from FLASH-IR or CONV-IR x-rays. <h3>Results</h3> Dose rates peaked at 101 Gy/s in the cathode side of the radiation field from anode heel effects. The total field size at 46 mm SSD was 20 × 20mm². A useable region of 10 × 20 mm² for FLASH studies was defined as the cathode-half of the field, with an average dose rate of 96.1 ± 2.8 Gy/s. The PDD within this region falls to 67% at 5mm depth in solid water and 51% at 10 mm. At 4 weeks post irradiation, CONV-IR mice saw hair loss and erythema in the entire irradiated region, while all FLASH-IR mice retained hair in-field with no change in skin condition. By 8 weeks post irradiation, skin effects in all FLASH-IR mice did not progress beyond hair loss in field, while all CONV-IR mice had progressed to more severe skin toxicities. Pathological assessments are ongoing. Early analysis shows higher frequency of ulceration, dermis hyperplasia, and fibrosis from CONV-IR than FLASH-IR. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study presents the first observation of FLASH effects induced by a single pulse of kV x-rays in an animal skin toxicity model. FLASH dose rates requisite for preclinical research are achievable with kV x-rays using rotating anode technology. X-ray FLASH effects in skin occur at comparable doses to those published for FLASH electrons and protons. The use of a single x-ray pulse suggests that average dose rate is the necessary condition, in contrast to fine pulse structure, for the induction of FLASH effects.

A missense mutation (rs209302038) of KRT9 gene associated with heat stress in Chinese cattle

Type I keratin 9 encoded by the KRT9 gene serves an important special function either in the mature palmar and plantar skin tissue. The changes in skin conditions and thickening of the outer layer of the skin may be affected by environmental variables. A missense mutation rs209302038 (NC_037346.1: g.41782870 G > A) was detected in KRT9, which changing the isoleucine into valine. This study aimed to identify the frequency of allele in this locus in Chinese indigenous cattle, and analyze the connection with heat stress. Our results indicated that the frequency of allele A gradually decreases from south to north, while the frequency of G allele showed the opposite pattern. Further analysis of the association of the different genotypes with three climate factors, which showed that the genotypes (GG, GA, AA) were significantly related to climatic conditions (p < 0.01). Therefore, we speculated that the mutation of the rs209302038 in Chinese indigenous cattle might be a genetic marker to detect heat stress.

Development of a skin microbiome diagnostic method to assess skin condition in healthy individuals: Application of research on skin microbiomes and skin condition.

Skin microbiomes vary across individuals. They are known to play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis and preventing infectious pathogens. In recent years, cosmetic product development has begun to focus on the relationship between skin microbiomes and skin conditions. However, the statistical methods used in many studies include the standard t-test and small-scale correlation analysis, which do not take into account the internal correlation structure in data on skin microbiomes and skin features. In this study, we aimed to understand the relationship between skin microbiomes and skin features by analysing complex microbiomes and skin data. We obtained data on 19skin characteristics and skin microbiomes based on 16s ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene analysis of 276healthy Japanese women. We then performed the principal component analysis (PCA), a method that takes into account the internal correlation structure, on 234 panels of them that did not contain outliers or missing values. We confirmed the relationship between skin microbiomes and skin features with principal component regression analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). The principal component regression analysis showed strong relationships between skin microbiomes and sebum-related skin characteristics and skin pH. In the HCA, the female panel was classified into two major groups based on the skin microbiome. Furthermore, there were significant differences in sebum-related skin characteristics and the way skin condition changes with ageing between those groups, suggesting the possibility of measuring skin condition and age-related skin risk based on microbiome data. In addition, sebum-related characteristics differed significantly among middle-aged participants, suggesting a strong relationship between skin microbiomes and sebum-related characteristics. Analysis of skin condition and skin microbiome in Japanese women, taking into account the correlation between variables, showed that skin microbiome was significantly related to the number of pores and the amount of sebum. Furthermore, it was suggested that the skin condition and the way the skin condition changes with ageing may differ depending on the type of skin microbiome. The finding of a relationship between skin condition and skin microbiome suggests the possibility of proposing a new beauty method focusing on the skin microbiome in the future.

Anti-Aging Effectiveness of Avocado Peel Extract Ointment (Persea americana Mill.) against Hydration, Collagen, and Elasticity Levels in Wistar Rat

The skin is a complex organ that protects the body from the external environment. The skin has a variety of functions such as providing a physical permeability barrier, protection from infectious agents, thermoregulation, sensation, protection against ultraviolet (UV) rays, regeneration, and wound healing. Clinically, aging skin is characterized by loss of hydration, rough texture, irregular pigmentation, yellowish discoloration, telangiectasia, deep wrinkles or wrinkles, thinning of the skin, and fine lines. One of the plants that can be used as natural ingredients that are rich in antioxidants and interesting to study is avocado (Persea americana Mill.) from the Lauraceae family, which is a plant that has medicinal properties and contains a variety of nutrients. Besides being consumed as food, avocados are also used as a mixture of cosmetic products. This study aims to assess the anti-aging effectiveness of avocado peel extract on increasing collagen levels, elasticity, and hydration in male rats. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 5 white rats; control group (ointment base), avocado peel extract ointment group 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The entire group of rats will be measured the condition before treatment with the Skin Analyzer EH 900 U including levels of collagen, elasticity, and hydration. After measuring the initial skin condition, the treatment was started by applying ointment until it was evenly distributed over the marked area, the ointment was applied according to the groups that have been set above, the application was carried out 2 times a day for 4 weeks. Changes in skin condition were measured weekly for 4 weeks using the EH 900 U skin analyzer. The results of this study indicate that the methanol extract of avocado peel contains phytochemicals in the form of alkaloids, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and glycosides. Then the phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content of the avocado peel methanol extract was 59.55 GAE mg/gram extract, 2.96 QE mg/gram extract, and 22.63 TAE mg/gram extract. After 4 weeks of treatment, there was a significant change in the level of hydration, collagen, and skin elasticity (p&lt;0.05) in all treatment groups, this can be seen from the P-value &lt;0.05, with the group of rats receiving the highest concentration of ointment (10%) showed the highest average, namely hydration 49.60%, collagen 40.20%, and elasticity 68.20%. Changes in hydration levels, collagen, and skin elasticity before and after treatment also showed significant changes (P-value &lt; 0.05) with the highest changes found at a concentration of 10%, namely hydration 88.40%, collagen 60.0%, and elasticity 68.20%. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that administration of avocado peel extract ointment could increase hydration, collagen, and skin elasticity levels compared to controls groups, positively correlated with the increase of the duration and the quantity of avocado peel extract ointment were given. The best formulation that gives the most significant effect is 10% avocado peel extract ointment by increasing levels of hydration, collagen, and elasticity the most significantly.

Evaluation of a Novel Ostomy Barrier Ring with Assisted Flow for Individuals with an Ileostomy.

To determine the performance and user experience of a novel ostomy barrier ring over a 4-week period. This single-arm investigation conducted across three clinical sites included 25 adult participants with an ileostomy for 3 months or longer. The participants used their standard ostomy pouching appliance along with a novel barrier ring for a period of 4 weeks. Skin condition was assessed using the Ostomy Skin Tool. Change in skin condition over the study period was recorded for each participant. The participants' experience in using the novel barrier ring was measured using a five-point Likert-type scale. Twenty of the 25 participants (80%) completed the trial. Of those participants, the median Ostomy Skin Tool score at both the beginning (range, 0-8) and end was 0 (range, 0-6). In terms of skin condition, 7 participants experienced an improvement in skin condition, 11 experienced no change, and 2 got worse. A median score of 5 out of 5 was recorded for all questions relating to user experience. Although not statistically significant, there was a clear trend toward improvements in peristomal skin condition using the novel barrier ring, even for participants who were already using a barrier ring. User feedback was positive with respect to comfort, device handling, and the perception of the device's ability to protect the skin. Further, most participants who already used a barrier ring indicated that the novel barrier ring would result in a longer wear time.

Changes in Skin Condition by Frequency of Sheet Mask Use

Changes in Skin Condition by Frequency of Sheet Mask Use

Clinical Trial of Low Irritative Skin Care Cosmetics in Japanese Subjects with Dry Skin.

PurposeTo evaluate whether MediQOL, which was developed as a care cosmetic for sensitive skin, causes a change in skin condition for subjects with dry skin requiring moisture retention.Subjects and MethodsThis study includes 20 Japanese subjects with dry skin who required moisture retention, as identified by a dermatologist. The subjects used the novel MediQOL products twice a day for four consecutive weeks. A skin evaluation was performed by a dermatologist, and each subject completed a questionnaire prior to the study period and after two and four weeks of MediQOL use.ResultsAfter four weeks of MediQOL use, alleviation of skin dryness, redness, and itchiness was observed in the subjects. The water/oil content of the skin also improved during the study period.ConclusionFour weeks of MediQOL use resulted in the alleviation of skin dryness, redness, and itchiness and balanced the water/oil content of the skin. MediQOL is expected to be effective in improving the condition of various skin types, including oily, mixed, and sensitive skin as well as dry skin.

Oral Administration of Live and Dead Cells of Lactobacillus sakei proBio65 Alleviated Atopic Dermatitis in Children and Adolescents: a Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Study.

Several studies suggest that probiotics might be useful in the management of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the efficacy and comparison between both the administration of viable and non-viable probiotics on alleviation of AD is not well studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of L. sakei proBio65 live and dead cells when administered (1 × 1010 cells/day) for 12weeks to children and adolescents (aged 3 to 18) with atopic dermatitis. In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study, ninety patients were recruited and randomly allocated to either the L. sakei proBio65 live cells, L. sakei proBio65 dead cells, or placebo groups. Assessment of efficacy was based on the change in SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, Investigators Global Assessment (IGA) score, serum inflammatory markers such as the serum eosinophil (count), IgE, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), CCL17 (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine [TARC]), and CCL27 (cutaneous T cell-attracting chemokine [CTACK]), and changes in skin condition (moisture and sebum) at baseline, week 6 and week 12. The SCORAD total score decreased in the live cells (p =0.0015) and dead cell group (p =0.0017) from the baseline after 12weeks, whereas there were no significant changes in the placebo group when compared with baseline. The skin sebum content increased in both the live cell (p <0.0001) and the dead cell group (p <0.0001), suggesting potential improvements in skin barrier functions. Current data suggested a positive improvement in alleviation of AD symptoms upon oral administration of L. sakei proBio65 in both viable and non-viable forms.

Macadamia Nuts Oil in Nanocream and Conventional Cream as Skin Anti-Aging: A Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND:The effect of an active substance in a dosage form can be influenced by the different method of preparation. Nanotechnology has been used widely in all aspects including drug delivery system. Nanocream is one of the cosmetic dosage forms to improve the absorption of active substances on the skin.AIM:The study was to compare macadamia nuts oil nanocream with conventional cream as skin antiaging dosage form.METHODS:The formulation of nanocream was consisted of macadamia nuts oil 10%, tween 80, propylene glycol, cetyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and distilled water. The anti-aging was conducted by comparing the nanocream and conventional cream. The evaluation of anti-aging activity was conducted using skin analyzer apparatus. The aging parameters were moisture, evenness, pore size, black spot, and wrinkle of the skin. The data were collected for 4 weeks. All the data obtained were statistically analyzed.RESULTS:Macadamia nut oil nanocream dosage form showed better antiaging activity on the skin compared to conventional cream which were characterized by changes in skin condition on each aging skin parameter such as water content, pore size, melanin, and wrinkles.CONCLUSON:It is concluded that macadamia nuts oil in nanocream dosage form has better antiaging activity on the skin compared to conventional cream and macadamia nuts oil can be used as an effective skin anti-aging dosage form.

182 Retinol remarkably effective in reducing neck wrinkles

In line with the observation that “You can tell how old someone is by looking at their neck”, the neck is where wrinkles become obvious as people age. Thus, while neck wrinkles are an important factor in determining how old someone looks, in the field of functional cosmetics there have been almost no reports on agents that can treat neck wrinkles effectively. Based on the exacting guidelines of Japanese Cosmetic Science Society for evaluation of anti-wrinkle products, in a randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded study, we demonstrated that retinol(RO) is remarkably effective in improving wrinkles in the outer corner of the eyes. After a rigorous examination, RO was approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2017 as an active ingredient that “improves wrinkles” in quasi-drugs. Recently, we conducted clinical trials not only for wrinkles around the eyes but also for neck wrinkles and evaluated the RO’s effectiveness. The severity of neck wrinkles in 152 Japanese female subjects was carefully assessed. In 84 subjects selected from the 152 who were assessed, the RO formulation(RF) or the RO-extracted placebo formulation(PF) was continuously applied for 12 weeks twice a day to both the face and the neck. During the application, we evaluated changes in skin condition by visual assessment(VA) and instrument analysis(IA) every four weeks. We classified skin condition according to our unique neck wrinkle grading standard consisting of 11 levels. Using this grading standard, the severity of neck wrinkles was found to correlate with age based on VA of the neck wrinkles of 152 subjects. It was found that compared to PF, RF significantly improved neck wrinkles following application for 8 weeks, thus demonstrating the effectiveness based on both VA and IA. Furthermore, the noninvasive ultrasonic image analysis suggest that RO markedly increased the extracellular matrix component(ECM) of the dermis. In conclusion, our designed clinical study showed that RO had an outstanding improvement effect not only on the crow’s feet but also on neck wrinkles, as they claim it also increased ECM.

Time of Onset to Changes in Skin Condition During Exposure to Synthetic Urine: A Prospective Study.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of incontinence on epithelial-moisture barrier function and the subsequent risk for incontinence-associated dermatitis by exposing healthy volunteers to a premium incontinence pad wet with synthetic urine. Prospective, single-group study. Thirty women 65 years or older participated in the study. Participants had healthy skin of the buttocks, perineal, and perigenital areas and were not incontinent of urine or stool. The study was conducted at a contracted clinical research facility in Southeastern United States. Four hundred milliliters of synthetic urine was distributed across the width of a premium incontinence pad with wicking technology containing a superabsorbent polymer core. Participants laid supine for a total of 4 hours, with the wet pad under the buttocks. Skin assessments were conducted at baseline prior to contact with the wet pad, at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 1, 2, and 4 hours after exposure to the synthetic urine. Outcome measures were skin moisture content, cutaneous pH, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), mean coefficient of friction values (static and dynamic), and tolerability evaluations (expert clinical grader-assessed erythema and participant-assessed discomfort). Mean moisture content of the skin increased from 46.19 ± 22.1 to 1845.28 ± 542.7 micro-Siemens (μS) after just 15 minutes of exposure and was significantly increased at all time points compared to baseline (P < .001). Cutaneous pH increased from 5.67 ± 0.5 to 6.25 ± 0.1 after 15 minutes; pH was higher at all time points compared to baseline (P < .001). Passive transfer of water through the stratum corneum (TEWL) showed an increase from 9.02 ± 2.2 g/m/h at baseline to 16.83 ± 5.2 g/m/h at 4 hours (P < .001). There was a significant increase from baseline to 4 hours in mean coefficient of static friction (0.32 ± 0.01 vs 0.47 ± 0.03; P < .00001) as well as mean coefficient of dynamic friction (0.29 ± 0.01 vs 0.42 ± 0.02; P < .00001). There was a significant increase in erythema and an increase in participant-assessed discomfort at all time points (P < .005). Our findings suggest that impairment of the skin's epithelial-moisture barrier function associated with inflammation and development of incontinence-associated dermatitis begins rapidly after an incontinence event, even with the use of a premium pad with wicking technology. Study findings also suggest that prompt attention to incontinence events is needed to prevent moisture-associated skin damage (incontinence-associated dermatitis) even when absorbent pads are used.

Changes in Peristomal Skin Condition and User Experience of a Novel Ostomy Barrier Ring With Assisted Flow: A 6-Week Feasibility Study.

This purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel barrier ring with an assisted flow mechanism by assessing changes in peristomal moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) and perceptions of comfort, security, handling, and discretion in persons with an ileostomy for 6 months or longer. Single-arm, open-labeled feasibility study. Twenty participants (aged ≥18 years) with an ileostomy for 6 months or more participated in the study and 12 completed data collection. The primary reason for dropouts concerned compatibility issues with the barrier ring when used with certain convex pouching systems. Participants used the barrier ring along with their normal ostomy pouching system for a period of 6 weeks. Changes in skin condition were assessed using the Ostomy Skin Tool (OST). Participants' perception of the barrier rings' comfort, security, handling, and discretion were also recorded on a 10-point scale, where participants would offer a low score if their experience was negative and a higher score if their experience was positive. Participants changed pouches and barrier rings at their own discretion. For participants who completed the study, the average skin condition and median ratings of comfort, security, handling, and discretion at 6 weeks were compared to baseline values. Twelve of the 20 participants (60%) completed the study. For those who completed, the mean score on the OST decreased from 6.2 ± 1.90 (mean ± SD) at baseline to 3.4 ±1.73 at 6 weeks, indicating a mean reduction of 2.8 (95% CI, -1.6 to -3.9; P < .001). The peristomal skin condition of 9 participants improved, whereas 3 experienced no change. All participants who completed the study rated comfort, handling, security, and discretion highly (median score 10 at baseline and at 6 weeks). Study findings indicate the novel ostomy barrier ring may reduce levels of peristomal MASD in persons living with an ileostomy, though a more extensive trial with a control group is recommended.