Changes In Self-awareness Research Articles

From art to insight: The role of a creative arts therapies group workshop on college students' well-being, self-awareness, and loneliness

This study examined the effects of a three-hour Creative Arts Therapies (CATs) group workshop on perceived well-being, self-awareness, and loneliness among college students. Using a within-subjects design, participants completed surveys before and after the workshop and during a follow-up phase. Each workshop, facilitated by two certified art therapists, involved groups of 5 to 13 students. The workshops included 89 students aged 18–51 years, 87 responded after the workshop and 59 during the follow-up. Results indicated a short-term increase in subjective well-being, characterized by heightened positive emotions, life satisfaction, and reduced negative affect. Additionally, the workshop reduced state anxiety and enhanced awareness, fostering both inward self-awareness of feelings and thoughts and outward environmental awareness. A decrease in concerns about social judgments and feelings of loneliness suggested greater self-acceptance and social connection. Predictors of these changes included the perceived therapeutic value of the workshop and group cohesion. Moreover, depressive symptoms were associated with both negative affect and public self-awareness changes. However, follow-up revealed that increases in life satisfaction and loneliness were transient, returning to initial levels, suggesting the need for ongoing interventions and further research on the effects of CATs in group settings.

Piloting racial bias training for hospital emergency department providers treating patients with opioid use disorder.

Racial disparities in opioid overdose have increased in recent years. Several studies have linked these disparities to health care providers' inequitable delivery of opioid use disorder (OUD) services. In response, health care policymakers and systems have designed new programs to improve equitable OUD care delivery. Racial bias training has been 1 commonly utilized program. Racial bias training educates providers about the existence of racial disparities in the treatment of people who use drugs and the role of implicit bias. Our study evaluates a pilot racial bias training delivered to 25 hospital emergency providers treating patients with OUDs in 2 hospitals in Detroit, Michigan. We conducted a 3-part survey, including a baseline assessment, post-training assessment, and a 2-month follow-up to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of scaling the racial bias training to larger audiences. We also investigate preliminary data on changes in self-awareness of implicit bias, knowledge of training content, and equity in care delivery to patients with OUD. Using qualitative survey response data, we found that training participants were satisfied with the content and quality of the training and especially valued the small-group discussions, motivational interviewing, and historical context.

“The Heart Chakra as a Gateway to Self-awareness in Young Adulthood: a Pretest-posttest Study”

The research titled "The Heart Chakra as a Gateway to Self-Awareness in Young Adulthood: A Pretest-Posttest Study “explores the role of the heart chakra in developing self-awareness among young adults. Drawing upon principles of eastern philosophy and modern psychology, this study examines the role of heart-centered practices in enhancing self-awareness. Utilizing a pretest-posttest design, young adult participants in a structured intervention program aimed at activating and balancing the heart chakra. Qualitative data was collected from 15 participant age range 18-22 years, to assess changes in self-awareness before and after the intervention. Findings suggest a significant improvement in participants self-awareness levels post-intervention, indicating the potential of heart-centered practices i.e. using solfeggio frequencies of 639 Hz, which benefit in activating heart chakra as per research, facilitating introspection and personal growth during the pivotal stage of young adulthood.

Chinese college students’ post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19: a grounded theory study

During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both high levels of post-traumatic stress and positive personal changes, a phenomenon known as post-traumatic growth (PTG), were experienced by some people. What remains unknown are the constructs and facilitators of PTG during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study uses a grounded theory methodology to elucidate the behavioral and cognitional dimensions of PTG in Chinese college students. Twenty-four individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with Chinese college students who had positive experiences during the epidemic. Transcripts were analyzed using initial and focused coding to identify themes that explained the PTG model. The coding results revealed that the Chinese college students’ PTG consisted of four core themes: reflections on the country and society, self-awareness changes, increased social behavior, and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, participants described external factors such as information input and patriotism, which were identified as influencing their PTG during the pandemic. Findings from this study extend prior theory and research by conceptualizing a novel theoretical model for PTG among college students during the pandemic and provide important implications for research and practice.

Enhancing Hotel Guests’ Psychological Experience through Artistic Expression and Positive Mood Changes

We aimed to probe the effectiveness of art therapy on hotel guests’ self-awareness of mood. We introduced an art expression program at a hotel and examined its effect on self-awareness of mood changes among hotel guests. We let 47 hotel guests perform collage work and compared their self-awareness of mood before and after the art performance. The results showed a positive change in self-awareness of tension, confusion, fatigue, and vigor. A further elaboration of the art expression programs at hotels may add merits of staying in hotels. This study also demonstrated the possibility of cognitive psychology to apply to the hospitality business.

Active self-touch restores bodily proprioceptive spatial awareness following disruption by 'rubber hand illusion'.

Bodily self-awareness relies on a constant integration of visual, tactile, proprioceptive, and motor signals. In the 'rubber hand illusion' (RHI), conflicting visuo-tactile stimuli lead to changes in self-awareness. It remains unclear whether other, somatic signals could compensate for the alterations in self-awareness caused by visual information about the body. Here, we used the RHI in combination with robot-mediated self-touch to systematically investigate the role of tactile, proprioceptive and motor signals in maintaining and restoring bodily self-awareness. Participants moved the handle of a leader robot with their right hand and simultaneously received corresponding tactile feedback on their left hand from a follower robot. This self-touch stimulation was performed either before or after the induction of a classical RHI. Across three experiments, active self-touch delivered after-but not before-the RHI, significantly reduced the proprioceptive drift caused by RHI, supporting a restorative role of active self-touch on bodily self-awareness. The effect was not present during involuntary self-touch. Unimodal control conditions confirmed that both tactile and motor components of self-touch were necessary to restore bodily self-awareness. We hypothesize that active self-touch transiently boosts the precision of proprioceptive representation of the touched body part, thus counteracting the visual capture effects that underlie the RHI.

Return to work following traumatic brain injury: An exploration of using the Brannagan Executive Functions Assessment to increase self-awareness in practice

Aim and Background: The Brannagan Executive Functions Assessment is an occupation-based approach for increasing self-awareness. This study explores the application of the Brannagan Executive Functions Assessment in traumatic brain injury return to work intervention. It describes changes in self-awareness, goal achievement and perspectives of occupational therapy and people with brain injury. Methods: Case study design using a mixed-methods approach: with pre-post evaluation of outcomes and semi-structured interviews. Participants with traumatic brain injury completed the assessment with two occupational tasks related to return to work. Primary outcomes were self-awareness (Self-awareness Deficits Interview and Awareness Questionnaire) and Goal performance/satisfaction using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Mood was a secondary outcome. Analysis was descriptive for quantitative data, thematic for qualitative data. Results: Two participants with brain injury, two support people and one occupational therapist were recruited. One participant with brain injury had an increase in self-awareness scores. Brain injury participants and the occupational therapist identified benefits including an increased awareness of needing to incorporate planning to meet goals. Conclusion: The Brannagan Executive Functions Assessment offers benefits to practice in brain injury rehabilitation, facilitating a structured occupational approach to self-awareness and participation in meaningful return to work tasks.

Хозяйствование на земле в условиях новых потребительских запросов российского социума периода 1960–1980-х годов

This article highlights the issue of the formation of consumer demands which had been entrenched in the everyday life and worldview of the masses during the 1950s – 1980s. It is noted that behavioural innovations were associated with the transformation of the Russian public’s ideas about managing the land. It is established here that the modernization of ideals and action strategies was justified by the socio-economic situation of the time as well as marked by the transition from collectivism to individualism, possessiveness, hoarding, abuse and wealth extraction from land resources for personal gain. Further, it is indicated that the level of theft varied depending on the position held; however, this phenomenon occurred among both workers and managers. The author comes to the conclusion that the formation of new standards of Russian reality throughout the entire period under study was accompanied by processes associated with lower motivation to work, unwillingness to contribute to the success of farms, as well as limited material resources, growing monetary differentiation and mental separation between the top management and the workers. Deformations of the traditional agrarian economic mechanism caused changes in self-awareness and value bases of social relations. The reorganization of the rural way of life and the entire social life, of ideological constructs of being and the psychology of citizens, together with the economic dynamics of Soviet society, resulted in class conflicts. The evolution of ideas about the right to use socialist property changed the attitude to things (orientation towards consumerism) and generated a desire for a comfortable life, which, in turn, led to the gradual establishment of private property morality.

Factors Associated With Changes in Patient-Centered Care in Undergraduate Nursing Students.

The purpose of this study was to examine active listening, self-awareness, and empathy and how they relate to changes in patient-centered care (PCC) in undergraduate nursing students. PCC is associated with better patient outcomes, but the level of PCC has been found to be low in nursing students. This secondary analysis used baseline and follow-up data at two time points from 50 undergraduate nursing students. Changes in self-awareness were associated with changes in PCC directly (Follow-Up 1) or directly and indirectly through the effects on changes in empathy (Follow-Up 2), controlling for age, experience, and intervention. Changes in active listening were associated with changes in PCC only indirectly through the effect on changes in empathy only at Follow-Up 2. Changes in self-awareness and active listening need to be the first targets of interventions to improve PCC in undergraduate nursing students.

A Narrative Exploration of Adolescents' Self-Awareness in Self-Portrait: Focusing on multicultural art education

본 연구는 다문화 미술교육에 기반한 자화상 표현 활동을 통해 청소년의 자아 인식의 순간과 이에 따른 변화를 분석하는 질적 연구이다. 청소년이 타인과의 상호작용 경험 속에서 여러 상황들을 미술로 표현하는 과정에서 어떤 자아 인식의 변화를 나타내는지 드러내는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다문화 미술교육을 실행하여 자기 이해로서 미술의 의미를 분석하고자 자신을 표현하는 도구인 자화상 미술 활동을 중심으로 자아 인식 미술 프로그램을 설계하고 기독교 대안학교에 재학 중인 남자 청소년을 1명을 대상으로 미술 활동과 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 수집한 자료는 코딩 작업을 통해 범주화하고 분석 및 해석하였다. 이에 자신에 대해 모호함을 가진 연구 참여자가 미술교육 프로그램을 통해 나와 나를 둘러싼 사회의 다양성을 이해하는 긍정적 자아 형성으로 이어졌다. 내러티브 탐구 방법을 활용한 본 연구는 청소년의 자아 인식에 미술교육이 갖는 의미와 역할을 실제적인 경험을 통해 드러냈다는 점에서 의의가 있다.This study is a qualitative study that analyzes the moments of adolescents' self-awareness and changes accordingly through self-image expression activities based on multicultural art education. The purpose of the study is to reveal what changes in self-awareness are expressed in the process of expressing various situations in art in the experience of interaction with others. Therefore, in this study, in order to analyze the meaning of art as a self-understanding by implementing multicultural art education, a self-recognition art program was designed centering on self-portrait art activities, and art activities and in-depth interviews were conducted with one male teenager attending a Christian alternative school. The collected data were categorized, analyzed, and interpreted through coding work. Accordingly, research participants with ambiguity about themselves came out through art education programs and led to the formation of a positive self that understood the diversity of the society surrounding me. This study using the narrative inquiry method is meaningful in that it revealed the meaning and role of art education in adolescents' self-awareness through practical experience.

강강술래가 증폭장치 사용 청소년의 청력손실 자가인지에 미치는 영향

Objective: Dance improves artistic perfection by continuously practicing many physical activities. Unfortunately, dynamic physical activity may cause inconvenience to the hearing-impaired adolescents who use amplifiers. The aim of this study is to explore changes in self-awareness of hearing loss adolescents who use an amplifier to learn Ganggangsullae, a traditional Korean folk art. Method: 6-girl(14.7±2.07) participated who wear hearing aids and/or cochlear implants. 2 of them had dance experience, 2 of them have aerobic experience, and the other 2 were inexperienced. Hearing handicap inventory for adult (HHIA) was used to measure the degree of self-awareness of hearing loss. Results: The mean HHIA score before and after Ganggangsullae decreased by 0.0267 from 0.573±0.992 to 0.547±1.034. In social adjustment, it decreased by 0.111 from 0.611±1.042 to 0.5±0.993, and in emotional adjustment, it increased by 0.0513 points from 0.538±0.949 to 0.59±1.074. In case of no experience, social adjustment increased by 0.167, and emotional adjustment by 0.308, respectively. In the case of dance experience, social adjustment increased by 0.083, emotional adjustment decreased by 0.231. In the case of aerobics, social adjustment decreased by 0.586, and emotional adjustment increased by 0.077. Conclusion: Despite many physical activities for artistic perfection, Ganggangsullae maintained HHIA stabilization.

Psychological measures to prevent delinquent behavior

The article deals with the issues of social prevention of adolescent disorders, the reasons for the change in self-awareness. The concepts of "delinquent" and "preventive measures" have been clarified taking into account the individual characteristics of the research subject. The delicate behavior is described, its constituent structures are revealed. In social work, measures are considered to be implemented within the first, second and third prevention. In addition, it was possible to identify several social factors in the emergence of behavioral offenses: upbringing in the family and the immediate environment of a teenager; the environment of adolescence, the penetration of stereotypes of behavior into the youth environment; biological factors and much more. The problems of social prevention of adolescent deviation, the reasons for the change in adolescent self-awareness, general principles of preventive activities and individual corrective work are considered, the main conditions for effective work with adolescents with deviant behavior are analyzed.

The Lost Neural Hierarchy of the Autistic Self-Locked-Out of the Mental Self and Its Default-Mode Network.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by a fundamental change in self-awareness including seemingly paradoxical features like increased ego-centeredness and weakened self-referentiality. What is the neural basis of this so-called “self-paradox”? Conducting a meta-analytic review of fMRI rest and task studies, we show that ASD exhibits consistent hypofunction in anterior and posterior midline regions of the default-mode network (DMN) in both rest and task with decreased self–non-self differentiation. Relying on a multilayered nested hierarchical model of self, as recently established (Qin et al. 2020), we propose that ASD subjects cannot access the most upper layer of their self, the DMN-based mental self—they are locked-out of their own DMN and its mental self. This, in turn, results in strong weakening of their self-referentiality with decreases in both self-awareness and self–other distinction. Moreover, this blocks the extension of non-DMN cortical and subcortical regions at the lower layers of the physical self to the DMN-based upper layer of the mental self, including self–other distinction. The ASD subjects remain stuck and restricted to their intero- and exteroceptive selves as manifested in a relative increase in ego-centeredness (as compared to self-referentiality). This amounts to what we describe as “Hierarchical Model of Autistic Self” (HAS), which, characterizing the autistic self in hierarchical and spatiotemporal terms, aligns well with and extends current theories of ASD including predictive coding and weak central coherence.

A Critical Review of Medical Humanities Education Curriculum Development Based on Kern’s Curriculum Development Model

Medical humanities education (MHE) is as essential as basic medical sciences and clinical medicine education. Despite the importance of MHE, MHE curriculum development (CD) has proven to be challenging. This critical review examines the MHE CD at one medical school. The critical review methodology was developed based on Kern’s six step CD model to systematically examine the CD of “Doctoring and Medical Humanities (DMH)” at the Yonsei University College of Medicine. Five review questions were developed related to (1) necessity, (2) direction and purpose, (3) design, (4) operation, and (5) evaluation of CD based on Kern’s model. The review showed that the process of DMH CD mapped to components of Kerns model. The DMH curriculum content selected was closely related to medical practice and aimed to combine the acquisition of understanding and skills by designing a student-participatory curriculum based on clinical cases. Assessment methods that emphasized students’ reflections were actively introduced in the evaluation section. Since the regular committee for DMH continued the work of the special ad hoc committees for DMH CD, the CD was effectively completed. However, the planning and evaluation functions and responsibilities of the DMH committee need to be strengthened. Despite the apparent limitations, the fact that students showed a high satisfaction rate and preferred small group discussions based on clinical cases has significant implications in the instructional design of MHE, where changes in self-awareness and attitude are more important than the acquisition of information. It is necessary to systematically review and study students’ reflection results produced by the changed assessment methods and to develop assessment indicators for MHE that reflect the achievements of the MHE competencies of students.

Psychosocial needs of adolescents and young adults with eczema: A secondary analysis of qualitative data to inform a behaviour change intervention

This study aimed to explore adolescents and young adults' experiences of symptoms related to their eczema in order to determine their psychosocial needs. A secondary qualitative analysis of two data sources collected through semi-structured interviews for two different projects, SKINS project and Eczema Care Online project. In total, there were 28 transcripts with adolescents and young adults with eczema having a mean age of 19.5years available to analyse. Interview data were collected from face-to-face interviews that were recorded and transcribed. Inductive thematic analysis explored data about symptoms and organized according to psychosocial needs. Adolescents and young adults with eczema experience both visible symptoms (such as flaky, dry, and inflamed skin) and invisible symptoms (such as itch, pain, exhaustion, and mental distress) that elicit different psychosocial needs. These psychosocial needs are to (i) be understood; (ii) be perceived as normal; and (iii) receive emotional support. Interviewees described a struggle between wanting their peers and family to understand but take their eczema seriously whilst not wanting to stand out and instead to be perceived as 'normal', which they would define as being perceived as other adolescents. This has implications on behaviours, such as seeking support, avoiding going out, hiding their skin, as well as emotional implications, such as social isolation and feeling anxious and low. Having a better understanding of young people's experiences and psychosocial needs will provide a framework on how best to support adolescents and young adults when managing symptoms related to eczema. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Eczema has a high impact on children and is considered a burden by children and adults with eczema. However, it is unclear what impact eczema has on adolescents and young adults. Adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions are known to be vulnerable to negative psychosocial outcomes but psychosocial needs and how to best support this age group with eczema are unknown What does this add? Three psychosocial needs were developed from evaluating the impact of visible and invisible symptoms of eczema: The need to feel understood (mostly reflective of invisible symptoms such as itch and pain and visible symptoms such as scratching). The need to be perceived as 'normal': visible symptoms such as flaky, inflamed skin make them stand out in comparison with their peers and a need emerged to blend in. The need for emotional support: adolescents and young adults searched for this from their health care providers, from shared experiences and from online resources. Adolescents and young adults with eczema appear to feel ambivalent about wishing the impact of the condition to be acknowledged whilst wishing the condition to be invisible to others. This ambivalence had further impact on feeling self-conscious, seeking support, and dealing with unsolicited advice.

Analysis of possibilities for achieving targets of Russian Road Safety Strategy

The article discusses the analysis of the possibilities for assessing the achievement of the targets of the Road Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018–2024. The ambitious goal of Russia to reach the level of Human Risk of 4 RA (road accident) fatalities/100,000 people by 2024 today seems almost impossible and requires a triple reduction in the annual number of RA fatalities within 5 years. This is evidenced by the experience of other world leaders in road traffic safety: it took them 11 to 39 years to solve this issue. Moreover, the analysis of the Strategy does not make it clear what means should be used to solve this issue. In this regard, the entropy analysis used by the authors is the very tool that makes it possible to consider in detail the relations between the elements of the cause-and-effect mechanism of road accident rate formation and assess the influence of each of these elements on the overall final picture of road traffic safety. The article provides examples of three possible scenarios for road accident rate formation in Russia in 2024, and these predictive examples show that without a qualitative breakthrough in road traffic safety technologies, a significant increase in the quality of the fleet of vehicles and infrastructure facilities ensuring traffic in the country, qualitative changes in self-awareness and the resulting transport behavior of citizens, the stated goal of the Road Safety Strategy in the Russian Federation for 2018–2024 is impossible to achieve.

Effect of Strategy Training on Self-Awareness of Deficits After Stroke.

Self-awareness of deficits, or the ability to understand the effects of impairments on daily life, is often diminished after a stroke. Diminished self-awareness influences participation in rehabilitation and functional outcomes. To examine whether self-awareness of deficits changed over time after a stroke (N = 43) and whether metacognitive strategy training (n = 21) resulted in improved self-awareness compared with direct skill training (n = 22). Secondary analysis of data collected from a randomized controlled trial. Inpatient stroke rehabilitation. Adults with cognitive impairments after an acute stroke. Metacognitive strategy training is an approach in which clients are guided through a process of self-assessment and develop solutions for barriers to task performance. This approach was compared with direct skill training, in which the therapist provides specific instructions for task completion, removing the client-initiated assessment and problem-solving components. Self-awareness measures included the Self-Regulation Skills Interview and Self-Awareness of Deficits Interview at baseline and 3 mo and 6 mo after the intervention. We used a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze change in self-awareness and a two-way ANOVA to examine differences between groups over time. There was a statistically significant and potentially meaningful difference over time in the self-awareness domain of strategy behavior, F(2) = 3.35, p = .039, but there were no differences in improvements between the metacognitive strategy and direct skill training groups. Self-awareness warrants further investigation to determine whether it improves naturally over time or through both interventions after stroke. Self-awareness of deficits, and the use of strategies in particular, may improve in the early stages of stroke recovery, but the optimal approach for intervention remains unclear.

Effectiveness of a manualised group training intervention for memory dysfunction following stroke: a series of single case studies

Purpose: Deficits in memory are common following stroke and have been independently linked with poorer outcomes. Outcomes and best-practice processes of post-stroke memory rehabilitation remain equivocal.Materials and method: In this study an AB with follow up single-case design was repeated across four participants to explore the effectiveness of a compensatory memory skills group in patients with stroke. Target behaviour was subjective everyday and prospective memory failures, assessed weekly. Secondary outcomes included goal attainment and performance on neuropsychological tests of memory. Following three-week baseline, participants completed six weekly two-hour sessions of a manualised memory group. Data was analysed visually and statistically.Results and conclusion: Frequency of everyday memory complaints reduced for all participants during the six-week post-intervention period. This change was significant for three participants. One of the four participants reported a significant reduction in the frequency of prospective memory failures during the maintenance period. All participants described attaining at least one memory specific goal following intervention. Group participation did not result in meaningful change on neuropsychological measures of memory. Taken together, results provided preliminary support for the effectiveness of group-based compensatory memory rehabilitation for reducing subjective everyday memory failures and functional goal attainment.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMemory skills group training can improve subjective everyday memory and functional goal attainment in community dwelling survivors of stroke.Participants who are closer to date of injury may show greater changes in self-awareness as a consequence of group participation than those who are further from injury.Exploration of change following memory rehabilitation on standard neuropsychological tests may not be the best way to capture improvement following memory skills group training. A focus on functional memory outcomes is recommended to facilitate translation to person-centred clinical practice.

Experiences of Mothers Participating in Consultant Training to Build an Early Childhood Education Community: Changes in Self-Awareness

Experiences of Mothers Participating in Consultant Training to Build an Early Childhood Education Community: Changes in Self-Awareness

Experiences of mobile health in promoting physical activity: A qualitative systematic review and meta-ethnography.

ObjectiveDespite evidence supporting physical activity in primary and secondary prevention, many individuals do not meet recommended levels. Mobile health is a field with a growing evidence base and is proposed as a convenient method for delivering health interventions. Despite qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives, there is a lack of synthesis to inform evidence-based design. This study aims to resolve this by identifying and synthesising qualitative research on the experience of using mobile health applications to promote physical activity.MethodA systematic review focused on qualitative research, mobile health and physical activity was conducted in October 2017 using CINAHL, ERIC, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. The protocol was registered with the Prospero database (Registration: CRD42018080610). Results were synthesised as a meta-ethnography.ResultsFifteen studies were included, covering a variety of populations, including people with diabetes, obesity, and serious mental illness. Five themes emerged: (a) personal factors and the experience of using mobile health, (b) mobile health and changes in thinking that support physical activity, (c) the experience of mobile health features, including prompts, goal setting and gamification, (d) the experience of personalised mobile health and physical activity, (e) technical and user issues in mobile health and their effect on experience.ConclusionPersonal factors and features of the device influenced the experience of using mobile health to support physical activity. The two mechanisms through which mobile health use facilitated physical activity were strengthening of motivation and changes in self-awareness and strategising. Experiences were not entirely unproblematic as technical issues and adverse effects related to self-monitoring were noted. This synthesis provides insight into the experience of mobile health and is useful for researchers and healthcare practitioners interested in designing user-informed mobile health interventions for promoting physical activity.