Changes In Postmenopausal Women Research Articles

Characteristics Of Pathogenetic Links In Vascular Remodeling And Bone Tissue Destruction In Postmenopausal Women With Arterial Hypertension

Background — Much attention is drawn to the role of the nonspecific immune inflammatory vascular response as a link of general pathogenetic mechanisms with changes in the elastic properties of arteries and the phenomena of destructive changes in bones. Objective — We aimed to study the role of nonspecific immune inflammatory markers, parathyroid hormone and female sex hormones as predictors of cardiovascular and degenerative bone changes in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension (AH) and osteoporosis (OP). Methods — We examined 104 patients (mean age: 54.03±9.56 years) distributed among three groups: healthy women, females with AH and osteopenia, and women with AH and OP. The markers of immune inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, hormonal, mineral, and vitamin statuses were analyzed simultaneously with 24-hour ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure, and parameters of vascular wall stiffness and densitometry to elucidate the predictors of cardiovascular and degenerative bone changes in postmenopausal women. Results — For patients with AH and osteopenia, a significant parameter associated with the risk of OP was pulse wave velocity (PWV); its increase exceeding 12.05 m/s was associated with a 3.8-fold increase in the risk of OP. Levels of proinflammatory indicators, interleukins IL-6 and IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and parathyroid hormone were elevated, while levels of progesterone and IL-10 were decreased. Conclusion — Timely specialized multidirectional research of biochemical and instrumental parameters (PWV and densitometry) could become the basis for the development of a personalized strategy for the prevention and treatment of women in order to avoid dangerous cardiovascular and bone complications.

Aromatase Inhibitors and Plasma Lipid Changes in Postmenopausal Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Women are typically diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer around the postmenopausal period when declining estrogen levels initiate changes in lipid profiles. Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are used to prevent the progression of cancer; however, a further reduction in estrogen levels may have detrimental effects on lipid levels, which was our working hypothesis. Methods: Our meta-analysis was conducted on the lipid profiles of postmenopausal breast cancer patients at baseline and at different treatment time points. Results: We identified 15 studies, including 1708 patients. Studies using anastrozole (ANA), exemestane (EXE), letrozole (LET), and tamoxifen (TMX) were involved. Subgroup analyses revealed that 3- and 12-month administrations of LET and EXE lead to negative changes in lipid profiles that tend to alter the lipid profile undesirably, unlike ANA and TMX. Conclusions: Our results suggest that, despite statistically significant results, EXE and LET may not be sufficient to cause severe dyslipidemia in patients without cardiovascular comorbidities according to the AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol. However, the results may raise the question of monitoring the effects of AIs in patients, especially those with pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia.

The periodontal health status of postmenopausal women and its relationship to bone mineral density

The relationship between changes in postmenopausal women and periodontalcondition had been studied in many countries. It has been suggested that estrogendeficiency may play a role in periodontal disease following menopause. The aim ofthis study was to investigate the influence of postmenopausal alteration on the clinicalperiodontal parameters and teeth loss. In addition, to determine the relationshipbetween systemic bone mineral density and periodontal disease in postmenopausal.womenSixty Iraqi women in total were involved in this study, 20 women as a controlgroup of age (35-45) years and forty postmenopausal women divided into two.subgroups: groupl for age (50-60) years and group 2 of age (60-70) years:Questionnaire involved the following periodontal parametersPlaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocketdepth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL). All these parameters were measured andtabulated according to redefined scores, or counts, and the data was analyzed.statistically- Fifteen of forty postmenopausal women, were examined using dual energy xray absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment to measure bone mineral density (BMD) inorder to determine the relationship between (BMD) and any of the above periodontalparameters. The means, Gl, BOP, PD and CAL were found to be significantly higher.)in the postmenopausal group than the control (P<0.05It was found that BMD is negatively associated with Gl, BOP, PD and CALbut the correlation is either of high significant or of slight of difference but notsignificant at (P<0.05). The clinical parameters may increase depending on theexpected negative effects during menopause further, it is concluded that BMD of the.lumbar spine is related to CAL, PD, number of teeth loss and to a lesser extent BOP

Awareness of Musculoskeletal Changes in Postmenopausal Women in Rural Areas

Aim: This study aims to study the awareness of musculoskeletal changes in postmenopausal women in rural areas. Postmenopausal women experience many changes due to menopause and musculoskeletal changes are highly prevalent which adversely affects the health of women. Objectives: The objective was to determine the awareness of musculoskeletal changes among the postmenopausal women in rural areas, and to determine the awareness about adverse effects of these musculoskeletal changes. Methods: This was an observational study with 94 participants aged above 50 years. This study was done by using a standardized validated questionnaire. Results: Out of 94 participants in this study 8.51% of women were completely aware of menopause effects on the musculoskeletal system, 27.66% of women had good knowledge whereas 63.83% were unaware. Conclusion: According to the study awareness of musculoskeletal changes due to menopause in women in rural areas is poor. Few women were completely aware of musculoskeletal changes due to menopause whereas most women were unaware.

The effect of polycystic ovarian syndrome on fibrocystic breast changes in postmenopausal women

Background Fibrocystic breast changes (FCCs) are benign lesions thought to be caused by an increased estrogen-to-progesterone ratio. One of the most common endocrinopathies that increases this ratio is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Although nonproliferative FCCs do not increase the risk of breast cancer, they can make mammographic detection of malignancy in postmenopausal women more difficult. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PCOS on the development of postmenopausal FCCs. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX research network to identify two cohorts of postmenopausal women (Z78.0) older than 45, without a prior diagnosis of FCCs (N60.1) or hormone replacement therapy (Z79.890). One cohort included a diagnosis of PCOS (E28.2). The cohorts were balanced for age, race, ethnicity, and hormonally relevant comorbidities. The cohorts were then evaluated for the development of FCCs after menopause. Results Postmenopausal patients with PCOS were 52% more likely to develop FCCs than those without PCOS (2.2% vs. 1.4%, relative risk 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.05, 2.22, P = 0.03). Conclusion Postmenopausal women with PCOS have a higher risk of developing FCCs. Further studies are needed to improve the differentiation of benign FCCs from malignant lesions on imaging for postmenopausal women with PCOS who develop FCCs.

Whole-Body Cryotherapy Improves Asprosin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Postmenopausal Women-Perspectives in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a global problem. The effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on metabolism in humans is postulated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of WBC on asprosin concentrations, glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with T2DM. Changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, asprosin, insulin-resistance indices (HOMA-IR, Quicki), the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Determination was carried out after 30 WBCs (3 min, -120 °C), applied in six series of five treatments, with 2-day breaks in postmenopausal women with T2DM and the results were compared to changes in postmenopausal women without T2DM (CON). Blood was collected before 1 WBC (T0), after 30 WBCs (T1) and 2 weeks after their completion (T2). In the T2DM group, there was a significant decrease in FBG and HbA1c in T1 and T2, as well as a significant decrease in insulin, HOMA-IR and CRP, and an increase in the Quicki index in T2. In the CON group, the concentration of asprosin at T2 was significantly lower than at T0. There was a significantly positive correlation between asprosin and FBG and HOMA-IR, and a trend towards a decrease of asprosin concentration in T2 in postmenopausal women with T2DM.

The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy on the Improvement of Postmenopausal Women’s Body Image: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The physiological changes in postmenopausal women, especially age-related physical changes, may lead to negative experiences in body image among these women. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral group therapy on the negative body image of postmenopausal women. Methods: This parallel randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 22 eligible postmenopausal women attending a health care center in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2018. They were randomly selected and assigned to intervention and control groups (n = 11 per group). The intervention group attended eight 90-minute sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) based on the Cash 8-step model. All participants completed the body image concern inventory (BICI) and Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention. The chi-square test, independent t-test, and repeated measures test were used to investigate the trend of changes in BICI and MBSRQ and their domains over time in both groups. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant for all tests. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics (such as age, age of menopause, and body mass index (BMI)) between the 2 groups; also, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of MBSRQ and BICI between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). After the intervention, a significant increase was observed in the mean scores of MBSRQ and its 3 out of 6 domains (appearance evaluation (AE), appearance orientation (AO), and body areas satisfaction (BAS); P < 0.05), while a significant decrease was observed in the mean scores of BICI in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Cognitive behavioral group therapy based on the Cash 8-step model in postmenopausal women can promote satisfaction with their body image.

Resistance training alters body composition in middle-aged women depending on menopause - A 20-week control trial

BackgroundResistance training (RT) is effective in counteracting the age- and menopause-related loss of muscle mass (MM) and strength in middle-aged women (40–60 years). Research on RT with free weights is limited in pre- and post-menopausal women. Based on this, a 20-week training intervention was conducted with this population to investigate the effects of systematic RT with free weights on strength capacity and body composition.MethodForty-one healthy women (52.0 ± 3.6 years) participated in this study. After 10-week control phase (no RT, T0-T1) followed by a 10-week intervention phase (T1-T2) with RT twice a week and 6–8 sets of each muscle per week. Subjects were randomly assigned to a low-intensity (50% 1-RM) or moderate-intensity (75% 1-RM) RT group and divided into pre-menopausal and post-menopausal according to their hormone profile. Fat-free mass (FFM), MM, fat mass (FM), muscle thickness (Vastus lateralis (VL), Rectus femoris (RF), Triceps brachii (TB)), grip strength, 1-RM squat and bench press were assessed before and after each phase. Statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed model to account for fixed (time and group) and random (individual) effects.ResultsA total of 31 women successfully completed the study. No injuries occurred during the intervention. Significant increases in 1-RM squat and bench press were observed in all groups. No interaction effect was observed for the strength parameters. In pre-menopausal women, FFM, MM and RF muscle thickness increased significantly, while VL showed a trend. These effects were not present in post-menopausal women regardless of RT intensity.ConclusionRT with free weight is safe and effective for middle-aged women to increase 1-RM. Hypertrophy effects were found exclusively in pre-menopausal women. To achieve hypertrophy and/or body composition changes in post-menopausal women, larger training volumes (> 6–8 sets/muscle per week) are likely required.

Habitual changes in dietary branched-chain amino acids intake are not correlated with exercise-induced glycemia changes in postmenopausal women

Habitual changes in dietary branched-chain amino acids intake are not correlated with exercise-induced glycemia changes in postmenopausal women

Interrelations between clinical-psychological features and bone mineral density changes in post-menopausal women undergoing anti-osteoporotic treatment: a two-year follow-up.

Psychological features have been bidirectionally associated with osteoporosis, but it is still unclear whether patient's anxiety fluctuations during the anti-osteoporotic treatment can have an impact on bone mineral density (BMD) variation. The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelations between psychological distress features, such as anxiety, depression, health-related QoL (HRQoL) and bone health in women receiving anti-osteoporotic treatment. 192 post-menopausal osteoporotic women were treated with alendronate or risedronate according to the standard procedure. The levels of anxiety, depression, and perceived HRQoL, along with BMD, were assessed at baseline and at a 2-year follow-up. At the end of the study, the patients showed a statistically significant increase of both psychic and somatic anxiety (p<0.0001) and exhibited a worsening of depressive symptoms (p<0.0001), whereas HRQoL showed no change. BMD improved and no incident fractures occurred. BMD variation (ΔBMD) at lumbar spine was significantly associated with anxiety levels (r=0.23, p=0.021). Multiple regression analysis showed that both patients' worsening anxiety levels (β = -0.1283, SE=0.06142, p=0.04) and their treatment adherence (β=0.09, SE=0.02, p=0.0006) were independently associated with ΔBMD. The findings of the current follow-up study suggest that BMD in post-menopausal women undergoing anti-osteoporotic treatment was predicted by treatment adherence and anxiety change over time.

The Impact of Ballet Program on Appetite Related Hormones, Insulin Resistance, and Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study

PURPOSE: Postmenopausal status is associated with an age-related decline in hormones, abnormal appetite regulation, weight gain, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise is a useful non-pharmacological intervention that improves the levels of hormones involved in appetite regulation and weight management while reducing CVD risk factors. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of a ballet program on menopause-related changes in satiety or levels of appetite regulation hormones, including leptin and ghrelin, homeostatic model of assessing insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).METHODS: The EX group performed the ballet program. In the fasting state, body composition; leptin, ghrelin, insulin, and glucose levels; and HOMA-IR values were assessed before and 12 week after the intervention.RESULTS: A significant group by time interaction (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.05) was noted for percentage body fat, leptin, insulin, and HOMA-IR, which significantly decreased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.05), and ghrelin, which significantly increased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;&lt;.05).CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that this ballet program may be an attractive and enjoyable intervention for improving menopause-associated appetite regulation hormone changes in postmenopausal women.

Dental caries and hormonal changes in postmenopausal women

Dental caries and hormonal changes in postmenopausal women

The role of Fast spin-echo T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging for spine bone marrow changes evaluation in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

BackgroundTo prospectively investigate the role of Fast spin-echo T2-weighted (FSE T2-w) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting spine bone marrow changes in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP). A total of 101 postmenopausal women, mean age of 60.97 ± 7.41 (range 52–68) years old, who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the spine, were invited to this study and divided into three bone density (normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic) groups based on T-score. After that MRI scan with both FSE T2-w and DWI of the vertebral body was done to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Finally, MRI findings were compared in patients, between three groups and correlated with bone marrow density.ResultsThe osteoporotic group showed significantly lower mean ADC values, compared to osteopenic and normal groups (0.58 ± 0.02 vs. 0.36 ± 0.05 vs. 0.24 ± 0.06 × 10–3 mm2/s, p < 0.001). According to these results, a significant positive correlation was found between T-scores and ADC values (r = 0.652, p < 0.001). The mean SNR in FSE T2-w images for normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic groups was calculated 5.61 ± 0.32, 5.48 ± 0.55, and 6.63 ± 0.67, respectively. No significant correlation was found between the mean SNR and T-score for all groups (r = − 0.304, p > 0.05).ConclusionsDWI can be used as a noninvasive, quantitative, and valuable technique for OP evaluation. While, routine MRI needs more investigation to be demonstrated as a reliable diagnostic indicator for OP.

Lipoprotein(a) in Cardiovascular Diseases: Insight From a Bibliometric Study.

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a complex polymorphic lipoprotein comprised of a low-density lipoprotein particle with one molecule of apolipoprotein B100 and an additional apolipoprotein(a) connected through a disulfide bond. The serum concentration is mostly genetically determined and only modestly influenced by diet and other lifestyle modifications. In recent years it has garnered increasing attention due to its causal role in pre-mature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and calcific aortic valve stenosis, while novel effective therapeutic options are emerging [apolipoprotein(a) antisense oligonucleotides and ribonucleic acid interference therapy]. Bibliometric descriptive analysis and mapping of the research literature were made using Scopus built-in services. We focused on the distribution of documents, literature production dynamics, most prolific source titles, institutions, and countries. Additionally, we identified historical and influential papers using Reference Publication Year Spectrography (RPYS) and the CRExplorer software. An analysis of author keywords showed that Lp(a) was most intensively studied regarding inflammation, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk assessment, treatment options, and hormonal changes in post-menopausal women. The results provide a comprehensive view of the current Lp(a)-related literature with a specific interest in its role in calcific aortic valve stenosis and potential emerging pharmacological interventions. It will help the reader understand broader aspects of Lp(a) research and its translation into clinical practice.

Duodenal microbiome changes in postmenopausal women: effects of hormone therapy and implications for cardiovascular risk.

Objective:Hormone therapy (HT) is used to treat menopause-related conditions and symptoms. The small intestine plays key roles in metabolic and endocrine function, but the effects of HT on the small intestinal microbiome are unknown. Here, we characterize duodenal microbiome differences, and the effects of HT, in postmenopausal women.Methods:Female participants undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy who were postmenopausal and taking HT (HT+), postmenopausal but not taking HT (HT−), or of reproductive age and not taking exogenous hormones (RA), were identified and matched for body mass index (±3 kg/m2). DNAs were isolated from duodenal aspirates obtained during upper endoscopy. V3 and V4 libraries were used for 16S rRNA sequencing. Serum hormone levels were analyzed by Luminex FlexMap.Results:The core duodenal microbiome was different in HT− participants (n = 12) when compared with RA participants (n = 10), but more similar in HT+ (n = 13) and RA participants. HT− participants had increased Proteobacteria taxa, leading to greater microbial dysbiosis compared with HT+ participants, and had decreased prevalence of Bacteroidetes, which was associated with higher fasting glucose levels, lower duodenal microbial diversity, and lower testosterone levels. HT+ participants had significantly higher estradiol (P = 0.04) and progesterone (P = 0.04), and lower fasting glucose (P = 0.03), than HT− participants, and had increased relative abundance of Prevotella (P = 0.01), and decreased Escherichia (P = 1.12E-7), Klebsiella (P = 5.93E-7), and Lactobacillus (P = 0.02), all associated with lower cardiovascular disease risks.Conclusions:These findings support previous studies suggesting that HT may have beneficial effects following menopause, and although preliminary, may also support a beneficial effect of HT on the duodenal microbiome.

Effect of isoflavone supplementation on menopausal symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESComplementary and alternative medicines can be used to alleviate climacteric symptoms that significantly affect the quality of life of postmenopausal women. Isoflavones are the most common plant-based therapies for postmenopausal changes, but the results of previous studies have been controversial.MATERIALS/METHODSTo investigate whether isoflavones would affect menopausal symptoms as well as ovarian hormones, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were used to perform the systematic search. Included studies were limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of isoflavone supplementation on menopausal symptoms.RESULTSEleven studies were included for the final quantitative assessment. Isoflavone intervention was varied between 49.3 and 135 mg of isoflavones per day for 12 wk–2 yrs. The meta-analysis showed that supplementation of isoflavones significantly increased the estradiol levels (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.615, P = 0.035) and Kupperman index (SMD = 3.121, P = 0.003) but had no significant effect on hot flashes, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. However, both estradiol and the Kupperman index showed significant heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 94.7%, P < 0.001 and I2 = 98.1%, P < 0.001, respectively).CONCLUSIONSAlthough the results showed a significant SMD in estradiol and the Kupperman index, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity. Further validation with a larger RCT will be necessary. Overall, isoflavone supplementation has distinct effects on the climacteric symptoms and hormonal changes in postmenopausal women.

Effect of age and menopause on anthropometric parameters in non-obese and obese South Indian women

Background: Men and women show differences in the distribution of body fat. Women tend to store more fat subcutaneously compared to men. Fat distribution changes in postmenopausal women. Understanding the changes in anthropometry with age and menopausal status is important in the context of deriving population, age, and gender-specific cutoff levels for obesity indices. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the objectives of measuring Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), and Waist-Height Ratio (WHtR) in South-Indian women and determining the effect of age and menopause on the anthropometric parameters in non-obese and obese women. Materials and Methods: 290 women between the age group of 30 to 70 years participated in this analytical cross-sectional study. Age and menopausal status were recorded. Anthropometric parameters such as weight, height, WC, and hip circumference were measured. Body-mass index, WHR, and WHtR were derived. The data were analyzed to compare mean values of anthropometric parameters between premenopausal and postmenopausal women using unpaired t-test. The difference in anthropometric status was also compared between those with Body mass index (BMI) in the non-obese range and those with BMI in the obese range in relation to menopausal status. Results: A higher proportion of women were classified as having abdominal obesity based on WHtR cutoff compared to classifying using WC cutoff. Postmenopausal women showed higher mean values of all measured anthropometric parameters, but the difference was significant only for WHR. When the study subjects were analyzed based on BMI categories, a significant difference between pre and post-menopausal women was recorded in WHtR values in the non-obese BMI group, but not in the obese BMI group when analyzed by unpaired t-test. Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters show an increasing trend as age advances. There is a difference in mean values of all parameters between pre and post-menopausal women, though statistical significance was seen only for WHR and WHtR in different sub-groups based on BMI. Further studies are needed to decide on the need for separate cutoff values for postmenopausal women.

VDR polymorphisms effect on bone mineral density in Polish postmenopausal women.

Purpose: Osteoporosis is the most widespread systemic disease of the skeleton. According to estimated data for Poland, it affects ca. 3 million people. Although the disease is multifactorial, with significant influence of environmental factors on the increase of the risk of its occurrence, genetic factors play an important role in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was an analysis of the relation of the ApaI, BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene, with bone mineral density measured in lumbar spine and/or in proximal femur in a group of polish women. Methods: The study included 135 women at the postmenopausal age from the area of central Poland. BMD was measured at the hip and/or at the lumbar spine, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The influence of the selected VDR genotypes on bone mineral density was studied using the ApaI, the BsmI and the TaqI restriction enzymes. Lifestyle information was obtained via questionnaire. Results: Women with the 'bb' genotype showed lower BMD values of the hip (Total BMD value) comparing to patients with 'BB' or 'Bb' genotypes. We did not observe similar correlation for the lumbar spine. The remaining polymorphisms (ApaI and TaqI) did not demonstrate a significant relation with the differentiation of the mean BMD values obtained from the hip nor from lumbar vertebrae. Conclusion: The present study has demonstrated that the BsmI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene is a factor of bone mineral density changes in postmenopausal women from Poland.

Роль вітаміну D та лікувальної фізичної культури в корекції саркопенії

Актуальність. На сьогодні основними напрямками профілактики та терапії саркопенії є корекція харчування, фізичні навантаження, терапія вітаміном D. Мета дослідження: оцінити роль вітаміну D та лікувальної фізкультури в корекції змін скелетної м’язової тканини в жінок у постменопаузальному періоді. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 38 жінок від 53 до 82 років, які були розподілені на три групи: 1-ша група — контрольна (n = 10), 2-га — жінки (n = 11), які отримували вітамін D, 3-тя — жінки (n = 17), які отримували вітамін D та виконували комплекс фізичних вправ «Отаго» протягом 12 місяців. Візити до центру з метою оцінки їх стану проводилися кожні 3 місяці. Визначення рівня 25(OH)D здійснювали за допомогою імунохемілюмінесцентного методу ECLIA на аналізаторі Elecsys 2010 (Roche Diagnostics, Німеччина). Показники знежиреної маси оцінювали за допомогою двофотонної рентгенівської абсорбціометрії (Prodigy, GEHC Lunar, Madison, WI, США). Для оцінки сили та функції скелетної мускулатури використовували кистьову динамометрію та функціональні тести. При аналізі застосовували пакети програм Statistiсa 6.0 Copyright© StatSoft, Inc. 1984–2001, Serial number 31415926535897. Результати. У жінок контрольної групи встановлено вірогідне збільшення рівня 25(OH)D через 9 місяців (9 місяців — р = 0,03), що пояснюємо сезонними коливаннями. У жінок 2-ї та 3-ї груп рівень 25(OH)Dвірогідно збільшивсячерез 3, 6, 9 та 12 місяців спостереження (р &lt; 0,05). При оцінці апендикулярної знежиреної маси протягом 12 місяців спостереження вірогідних відмінностей не виявлено. Сила м’язів вірогідно збільшувалась у 3-ї групі обстежених жінок через 9 місяців спостереження (р = 0,01), у жінок 1-ї та 2-ї груп — вірогідно не змінювалась. У жінок 3-ї групи було встановлено вірогідне покращання статичного балансування (р = 0,01). Частота падінь у жінок контрольної групи вірогідно зросла через 12 місяців, 2-ї групи — не змінювалась, 3-ї групи — вірогідно зменшилась. Висновки. При використанні комплексної терапії вітаміном D та лікувальною фізкультурою «Отаго» у жінок у постменопаузальному періоді протягом 12 місяців спостерігалось вірогідне покращання щоденної активності, статичного балансування, сили скелетних м’язів та зменшення частоти падінь.

Weight Change in Post-Menopausal Women with Breast Cancer during Chemotherapy-Perspectives on Nutrition, Activity and Bone Metabolism: An Interim Analysis of a 5-Year Prospective Cohort.

Women with breast cancer are a growing population due to improved screening and treatment. It has been described that chemotherapy can negatively affect patients’ metabolism. The aim of this study is to assess weight gain during chemotherapy treatment in an interim analysis on an ongoing prospective cohort of women with early breast cancer. To help untangle the many possible reasons for weight change, we examine blood tests, Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs), and bone mineral density (BMD). We find that the 38 women that have measurements taken after chemotherapy have an average weight gain of 1.2 kg although not significant. Together with this, there is a significant drop in HDL cholesterol, an increase in triglycerides, and a non-significant tendency towards decreased insulin sensitivity. PROs show that although the women experience more pain and fatigue, they have higher activity levels. BMD is at an expected level according to age. All in all, we see an increased focus on physical activity and nutrition, leading to less severe metabolic changes as previously reported. However, even though more measures are taken, we still see an overall negative metabolic impact with unknown long-term implications.