Changes In Financial Institutions Research Articles

Statement Of Cash Flows Reduces Financial Fraud With Documented Accounting Information

The research aimed to Emphasise the significance of the statement of cash flows developed by the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Understand the concept of documented accounting information and Highlighting financial fraud and how to minimize it. The research problem was as follows from the fact that the financial statements, which do not contain the basic characteristics of accounting information, including reliability, will reduce the degree of reliance on them, which affects those lists prepared by financial institutions (banks) operating in Iraq that not taking into account the preparation of the cash flow statement will inevitably reduce the reliability of accounting information, resulting in misleading accounting outputs that will be a door to financial fraud in its various forms. Hence, the main research problem is the following question: Does enhancing the reliability of accounting information according to the preparation of the cash flow statement reduce financial fraud? The research reached many conclusions, the most important of which are International accounting standards can be said to be a written statement issued by an authorized body aimed at unifying and coordinating accounting treatments and policies to reach unified results for a set of financial transactions for ease of comparisons and understanding by the relevant parties. The statement of cash flows works to provide historical changes in financial institutions and others through and for a specific period of time and these flows are either operational, investment or financing for their various activities. The research reached many recommendations, the most important of which are: Emphasis on the different economic units to prepare a statement of cash flows because of the information it provides on historical changes in the different economic units and their quality, whether operational, investment or financing.

Retrospective wisdom: Long-term orientation and the rating downgrades of financial institutions

This study examines the effects of Hofstede's long-term orientation (LTO) on rating changes in financial institutions (FIs) in 50 countries. The impacts of LTO on rating downgrades are stronger for the speculative grade-rated FIs and more pronounced for the crises sample. The significance effect of LTO on downgrades is robust to various tests and is unlikely due to endogeneity. Switching from a short-term-oriented to a long-term-oriented (LT-oriented) culture lowers the downgrade risk of an FI by 47%, a speculative grade-rated FI by 56%, and an FI of a country in crisis by 58%. LT-oriented societies promote responsible borrowing and a good payment culture. A strong preference for long-term business survival motivates banks in LT-oriented nations to maintain a more prudent bank credit-to-bank deposits ratio, particularly during crises. Incorporating the LTO in banking regulations may encourage banks to adopt long-term perspectives and finance sustainable long-term projects.

Scientific research on the improvement of commercial banks and application of innovations

It should be borne in mind that the global changes taking place in the world have led to significant innovation changes in financial institutions, one of the main mechanisms in the information economy, and have had a significant impact on the rapid development of the banking sector and the specialization of modern requirements. Proper regulation of market relations has always been a private and public sector. In particular, the study of the globalization processes and the problems that arise as a result of the activities carried out in the banking sector are on the agenda. The elimination of problems in the banking sector and further development and improvement of the service sector will always remain relevant. The new requirements for economic conditions to adapt to the requirements of the modern era come in parallel, respectively. To apply new banking products, strategy and policy based on the bank's marketing service information and materials should be prepared. Bank's strategy and policy should be formulated specifically in the plan for preparation, supply and sale of banking products. Each bank should make decisions on modification of the banking product based on marketing research and develop a long-term business plan for the introduction of new banking services. High level of production relations dynamics, special attention to the formation of commodity-market relations, necessitates the development of a clear tactic and strategy for modern monetary and credit policy and banking business management. Modern analysis and monitoring indicate that the institutional economic problems arising from monetary policy can be resolved either through the level of credit investments, concentration of bank capital, the average interest rate on loans and deposits, the ability to attract resources or many other factors. In the context of new economic relations, modeling based on mathematical statistical methods, and expert opinions should be used in the development of the scenario of banks behavior.

Organisational Learning and Employee Attitude towards Change in Financial Institutions: an Empirical Study

Organisational Learning and Employee Attitude towards Change in Financial Institutions: an Empirical Study

Investorss Allocation and the Co-Movement of Agriculture Commodity Prices

We identify a common factor in agriculture commodities applying a nonstationary panel method and a structural VAR model. The factor is driven by investors’ portfolio allocation and shown to be time-dependent. Between 2008 and 2011, 10% of the variation in the co-movement of agriculture commodities can be explained with changes in financial institutions’ open interest. The impact of financial speculation coincides with the relative share of financial institutions’ open interest, not with the absolute level of financial investors’ positions.

금융기관의 내부마케팅정책이 종업원의 직무만족과 고객지향성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

Abstract This study examined the effect of the internal marketing policies of financial institutions on the job satisfaction and customer orientation of employees. Many studies have examined internal marketing policies. On the other hand, these studies focused the employees in the service industries (e.g. travel agencies, airlines and hotel, etc.) With the drastic change in financial institutions in recent years, financial institutions are conscious of the importance of customer service and have increased their efforts to manage and train their employees (e.g. expansion of empowerment, education and training, management support, and compensation system). The authors conducted an empirical analysis based on the assumption that these internal policies are effective in increasing the job satisfaction of employees and further influence the customer orientation. The results showed that 'empowerment, management support and compensation system' of internal marketing policies have meaningful effects on job satisfaction, whereasthe education and training does not. In addition, job satisfaction has a meaningful effect on the customer orientation and on a mediating effect between internal marketing policies and customer orientation. These results indicate that the internal marketing policies of financial institutions can help improve job satisfaction and customer orientation.

Shifts in organisational design, culture and structural paradigms in financial organisations during economic recession

In the rapidly changing global business environment multinational organisations experience the principal design challenge in managing differentiation in work culture and organisational structure towards achieving predetermined goals. Organisational design is a process involving development of control measures that help in coordinating organisational tasks and motivate the people to improve their performance. This paper discusses managing the values and organisational change in financial institutions during economic recession and driving sustainable growth. The discussion demonstrates a sustainable paradigm for managing performance and sustainable growth of financial institutions by converging traditional design activities, work culture, and monitoring and evaluation measures. Practitioners can benefit from the discussion presented in the study to clarify, improve and enrich new approaches of organisational designing during economic crisis.

The Impact of Financial Flows on U.S. Investment, 1948-1992: An Empirical Model of Institutional Investment Theory

The role of investment in contributing to weak and negative GDP growth is well established by Keynesian theory. There are substantial differences among theories of the determinants of investment behavior, however. Post Keynesian models rely on capital costs and financial constraints in a flexible accelerator framework, but recent experience suggests that other institutional factors may play a greater role. Despite the lowest capital costs and most stimulative monetary policy since the 1960s, the rate of new investment in the early 1990s was lower than ever experienced during the postwar period. The institutional view is that investment is responsive to economic conditions and financial flows, which are based in the institutions and practices of commerce and banking. Hyman Minsky distinguishes two types of changes in financial institutions that lead to investment fluctuations: legislated and evolutionary. The former occur because of the perceived necessity of reform, often in response to adverse evolutionary institutional change. Evolutionary change involves the financing practices of firms and the banking system and occurs because of profit opportunities that arise during business cycle expansions, when intense

Reforms in Non-bank Financial Intermediaries

Reforms in the financial sector would mean changes in financial institutions and financial markets. Financial institutions can be classified into banks and non-bank financial intermediaries. In this article, R J Mody focuses on reforms in the area of non-bank financial intermediaries.

Keeping a Home: Changing Mortgage Markets and Regional Economic Distress

Abstract In the relatively affluent post World War II period, homeownership in the United States has risen steadily to include an increasing segment of the working class. Although the extension of homeownership has helped to attenuate some of the inequalities of class and to integrate the more affluent segments of the working class into the social and political mainstream, economic and political events are threatening this historic trend. Dependent upon long term financing, homeownership has two components: keeping as well as buying a home. High and persistent rates of unemployment in old industrial areas have meant the loss of stable incomes for skilled workers, and with it, rising rates of home mortgage delinquency and foreclosure. To examine the threat to continued homeownership, this paper locates homeownership in its structural context, at the intersection of major changes in financial institutions (deregulation) as well as local economic and industrial change. Our research suggests that regional eco...

Comment on the Paper by Professor Laidler

The discussants, James Meade and Robin Matthews, have been generous, and I have no serious disagreements with them. Meade's taxonomy is ingenious and illuminating. I will take this opportunity to comment on David Laidler's position. He says, 'We are all monetarists now'. The sense in which that is true is pretty tame, a sense that would entitle many of us 'Keynesians' to say 'And we always were'. Laidler suggests that the touchstone is belief in stability of the money demand function, but such a function has always appeared in one of the equations of Keynesian theoretical and empirical models. It does not lead to monetarist policy propositions unless it takes particular form. I am sympathetic to the presumption that the behaviour represented in money demand functions is as stable as that embodied in many other structural equations of macroeconomics. That is different from asserting the stability of demand for any statistical time series labelled as 'money'. Given the changes in financial institutions, technologies, and regulations, many of them endogenous responses to market developments, it would be surprising if any monetary aggregate Mi, even though its label remains unchanged, means the same thing to its holders as it did Io or 20 or 50 years ago. Laidler does not rely on interest-inelasticity of demand for money, verticality of the 'LM' locus, as the basis for his monetarist views. Neither, ultimately, did Friedman. Laidler apparently accepts Friedman's dictum '...[No] "fundamental issues" in either monetary theory or monetary policy hinge on whether the estimated elasticity [of demand for money with respect to interest rates] can ... be approximated by zero or is better approximated byo 0i or 5 or 2,0, provided it is seldom capable of being approximated by co'.1 If monetarist propositions about the effects of monetary and fiscal policies on output and prices are at stake, the only reasonable way to make theoretical sense of this dictum is to take full employment, in the sense of cleared markets for labour and capital services, as the assumed state of the economy. But Laidler, explicitly shunning intellectual reinforcement from Monetarism II, does not take this way out. I think this leaves both Laidler and Friedman relying on empirical findings and practical judgements about how much money matters, how much other shocks and policies matter, how wise and timely policy-makers can be, how stable the economy is under constant policies, and so on. Maybe Laidler and Friedman think markets adjust to macro-economic shocks OPEC, for example faster than I think they would. Maybe from their perspective three or five 5 ears of stagflationary adjustment is quick enough so that theorists and policy-makers are best advised to regard equilibrium, the 'natural rate', as the normal state of the economy. In either case, the grounds for their monetarist policy recommendations are not the powerful theoretical propositions of