In this work, the effects of Fe doping on phase stability, martensitic transformation, and magnetic properties of Ni50Mn37.5-xTi12.5Fex (x = 3.125, 6.25, 9.375) all-d-metal Heusler alloys were systematically investigated by first-principles calculations. The results indicate a tendency for doped Fe atoms to aggregate within the Ni50Mn37.5-xTi12.5Fex alloys. As Fe concentration increases, a gradual reduction in both lattice constants and phase stability of austenite and martensite is observed. In the absence or presence of minimal Fe doping, both austenite and martensite exhibit antiferromagnetic behavior. However, at x = 9.375, a transition to a ferromagnetic state is observed in the austenite phase. This transition is attributed to the activation of the ferromagnetic coupling effect in the austenite phase induced by Fe doping in the Ni-Mn-Ti alloy. In contrast, the martensite phase maintains its antiferromagnetic characteristics throughout the doping range. A comprehensive analysis of the electronic structure elucidates the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for the martensitic transformation and magnetic property changes.