Changes In Structural Parameters Research Articles

Effects of structural parameters on the load distribution unevenness in CFRP hybrid bonded‐bolted joint

AbstractCarbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Hybrid Bonded/Bolted (HBB) joint structures are distinguished for their superior jointing performance among current mechanical joint systems, making them a favored option for mechanical joints. These structures are characterized by many structural parameters, with the relationship between these parameters and jointing performance being notably complex. Additionally, the laminate's brittleness and the uneven distribution of bolt loads in multi‐bolt joint structures impair the overall jointing performance. To investigate the impact of structural parameters on the uneven load distribution within CFRP HBB joint structures and improve their jointing performance, a finite element analysis (FEA) model grounded in 3D Hashin failure criterion is developed. Validation of the model with experimental data confirmed the uneven load distribution among bolts in multi‐bolt joints. The study elucidated the influence of changes in structural parameters (overlap length, bolt‐hole spacing, and clearance fit) on the uneven load distribution and the connection strength of CFRP HBB joint structures. A negative correlation is found between the unevenness of load distribution and connection strength, offering insights for enhancing and researching connection strength in CFRP HBB joint structures.Highlights Developed a FEA model based on the 3D Hashin failure criterion for CFRP Bonded‐Bolted joints. Identified key factors affecting HBB joint load distribution and jointing performance. Evaluated the impact of overlap length, bolt‐hole spacing, and clearance fit on CFRP joints. Suggested design optimizations for enhancing the performance of HBB joints.

Discordance between symptomatic response and changes in cardiac structure and function one year after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Abstract Background Symptomatic improvement is one of the main goals of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. We hypothesized that the degree of symptomatic response after TAVI is associated with improvement in cardiac structure and function after TAVI. Purpose We aimed to evaluate 1) the change in symptomatic burden measured by New York Heart Association (NYHA) and Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) functional class after TAVI, 2) the change in echocardiographic structural and functional parameters after TAVI, and 3) the association of symptomatic response with echocardiographic response as well as long-term survival. Methods In patients undergoing TAVI, we assessed New York Heart Association (NYHA) and Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) functional class at 12 months. Symptomatic response was defined as NYHA/CCS class I or ≥ 1 improvement in NYHA/CCS class compared to baseline at 12 months. Echocardiographic images at baseline and 6-18 months post-TAVI were analysed using an automated, validated, deep-learning workflow. Logistic regression was used to assess association between change in echocardiographic parameters and symptomatic change at 12 months. The association of symptomatic response and echocardiographic changes in the first 12 months after TAVI with survival beyond 12 months, was evaluated by landmark analysis using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results Among 868 TAVI patients (median age 80 years, 53% female), the majority (74%) had NYHA/CCS class III at baseline and 77% of patients experienced improvement in symptoms at 12 months post-TAVI (Figure 1). Patients without an improvement in symptoms more often had COPD, atrial fibrillation and more heart failure medications compared to responders. Left ventricular systolic function did not show improvement compared to baseline, whereas a modest improvement in left atrial volume index, left ventricular mass index, E/A ratio, E/e’ ratio, mean e’ and tricuspid regurgitation peak jet velocity was observed. Symptomatic response was not associated with echocardiographic response. Beyond 12 months, patients with symptomatic improvement had lower mortality than those without symptomatic improvement (1.5 vs. 2.4 per 10 patient years; p = .001), whereas changes in echocardiographic parameters were not associated with subsequent mortality (Figure 2). Conclusion Patients undergoing TAVI for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis, showed substantial symptomatic improvement at one year after the procedure, whereas only a modest improvement in echocardiographic parameters was observed. Improvement in symptoms was not associated with improvement in echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function. Symptomatic improvement, but not improvement in cardiac structure and function at 12 months, was a strong predictor of subsequent survival.Change in NYHA/CCS class after TAVISymptoms and echo versus mortality

Effect of radiofrequency ablation on improving cardiac structure and function in patients with atrial fibrillation and functional mitral regurgitation

Objective: Exploring the effect of radiofrequency ablation treatment to restore sinus rhythm on the improvement of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and cardiac structure in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with moderate or severe FMR, compared with drug therapy alone. Methods: This retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled patients diagnosed with persistent atrial fibrillation and moderate or severe FMR who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2019 to December 2021. Forty-eight patients who were treated with radiofrequency ablation and maintained sinus rhythm were enrolled in the ablation group, and 63 patients who were treated with medication alone during the same period were in the medicine group. Patients in the ablation group and medicine group were matched in a 1∶1 ratio using a propensity score, and 41 patients were finally included in each of the 2 groups. All patients reexamined echocardiography after 3-month of treatment. The proportion of patients with FMR improvement and the differences in changes of cardiac structural and functional parameters were compared between groups. Results: After propensity score matching, the ablation group was aged (69.3±7.1) years with 21 males (51.2%) and the medicine group was aged (71.3±9.4) years with 21 males (51.2%). The echocardiography after 3-month of treatment showed the rate of FMR improvement was significantly higher in the ablation group than in the medicine group (19 (46.3%) vs. 33 (80.5%), P<0.001), and patients in the ablation group showed a significant decrease in FMR extent (Δmitral regurgitation area: (-1.30±2.64) cm2 vs. (-3.55±2.50) cm2, P<0.001), left atrial size (Δleft atrial diameter: (-0.17±3.78) mm vs. (-2.46±4.01) mm, P=0.009) and E/e' (ΔE/e':-2.54±7.34 vs.-6.34±7.08, P=0.021) compared with the medicine group. There was also a significant decrease in left ventricular size (Δleft ventricular end diastolic diameter: (-3.12±6.62) mm vs. (-0.73±3.62) mm, P=0.046) and significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (Δleft ventricular ejection fraction: (2.73±9.69) % vs. (-0.93±5.41) %, P=0.038) in ablation group. Conclusion: Performing radiofrequency ablation to restore sinus rhythm can effectively reduce the severity of mitral regurgitation and improve left atrial and left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation and FMR.

Eco-friendly construction mortars for heavy metals immobilization – Effect of partial PC replacement by lignite-based fly ash and prolonged high humidity curing on physical and chemical parameters

The study presented in this manuscript concerns the safe immobilization of heavy metals (HMs) present in fly ash (FA) from lignite combustion in Portland cement- (PC-) based blended mortars with an emphasis on the influence of prolonged high humidity curing on material properties. The performed experiments covered both the aspect of the FA-PC replacement ratio as well as the changes in structural, hygric, chemical, and mechanical parameters of the prepared composites after 28, 90, and 180 days of curing. It was shown, that the used FA shows a high pozzolanic activity, which strongly contributed to the mechanical parameters of the developed blended mortars, namely the strength activity index in the range of 0.94–1.06 for 180-day samples. The blended mortars were cautiously studied concerning the HM immobilization efficiency. The immobilization efficiency was analyzed through the HM leaching test, showing that HMs present in the leachates manifested concentrations well below the prescribed limits. In addition, the immobilization effectiveness was found to be higher with a longer curing time. As FA-PC replacement has recently become a highly researched topic, this study adds a significant point of view in terms of the safety and environmental efficiency of the designed composites. Furthermore, the proposed safe handling of hazardous HM-containing FA through their implementation in construction mortars while ensuring high HM-immobilization effectiveness represents the next step in the ongoing research into the decarbonization of the construction industry and minimization of the depletion of natural resources.

A pore network modeling approach to bridge void ratio‐dependent soil water retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves

AbstractIn geotechnical engineering, understanding the relationship between soil permeability and deformation is essential, particularly for applications like earth dams, where compaction‐induced permeability reduction is crucial for performance optimization. In unsaturated soils, soil moisture content significantly impacts hydraulic conductivity. Traditionally, changes in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity have been linked to soil void ratios. However, a pore network modeling perspective reveals the significance of structural parameters, such as pore and throat size distribution and pore coordination number. This study introduces a pore network model to estimate unsaturated hydraulic conductivity based on void ratio‐dependent soil‐water retention curves. It examines how soil deformation at varying stress levels affects structural parameters and the water phase continuity. The model shows strong potential in predicting unsaturated hydraulic conductivity across different stress levels, aligning well with experimental data and established equations. Notably, the aspect ratio and coordination number parameters are most affected by stress levels. The study also presents relationships to describe changes in pore network structural parameters with soil void ratio, which can be used to predict soil‐water retention curves and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at various stress levels.

System Structural Error Analysis in Binocular Vision Measurement Systems

A binocular stereo vision measurement system is widely used in fields such as industrial inspection and marine engineering due to its high accuracy, low cost, and ease of deployment. An unreasonable structural design can lead to difficulties in image matching and inaccuracies in depth computation during subsequent processing, thereby limiting the system’s performance and applicability. This paper establishes a systemic error analysis model to enable the validation of changes in structural parameters on the performance of the binocular vision measurement. Specifically, the impact of structural parameters such as baseline distance and object distance on measurement error is analyzed. Extensive experiments reveal that when the ratio of baseline length to object distance is between 1 and 1.5, and the angle between the baseline and the optical axis is between 30 and 40 degrees, the system measurement error is minimized. The experimental conclusions provide guidance for subsequent measurement system research and parameter design.

Improving the efficiency and stability of betavoltaic batteries based on understanding efficiency fluctuations and gaps with theoretical limits

Wide-bandgap semiconductors are regarded as preferred materials for preparing semiconductor conversion devices in betavoltaic batteries due to their high theoretical conversion efficiency (ηc). However, there are a few comprehensive analytical studies on why the experimental values of ηc are generally much lower than the theoretical limit of ηc (ηc-limit) and how to improve ηc and its stability. In this work, combined with the energy deposition distributions of Ti3H2, 63Ni, and 147Pm2O3 radioactive sources in SiC obtained from Monte Carlo simulations, a multi-physical mechanism, multi-parameter coupling numerical model was established. This model can comprehensively analyze the output characteristics of betavoltaic batteries under the influence of actual device structural and material parameter changes. Our results show that changes in structural and material parameters cause significant variations in the collection efficiency (Q) of the radiation-generated electron–hole pair (RG-EHP). Considering structural parameters are easy to control, instabilities in actual SiC material parameters, which include electron diffusion length (Ln), hole diffusion length (Lp), and surface recombination velocity (S), are the main reason that ηc fluctuates significantly and is generally far lower than ηc-limit. Due to differences in the distribution of RG-EHP produced by different radioactive sources in SiC, the dominant parameters causing ηc fluctuations differ. By analyzing differences in recombination loss mechanisms under different radioactive sources, the device structures were designed in a targeted manner to make ηc closer to ηc-limit. Meanwhile, when the SiC material quality fluctuates, the stability of ηc increases by 58.5%, 35.3%, and 48.2% under Ti3H2, 63Ni, and 147Pm2O3, respectively.

Compressive Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Co-Continuous Interlocking PDMS/PLA Lattice Composites.

Co-continuous interlocking lattice structures usually present superior compressive properties and energy absorption characteristics. In this study, co-continuous interlocking polydimethylsiloxane/polylactic acid (PDMS/PLA) lattice composites were designed with different strut diameters, and successfully manufactured by combining the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique and the infiltration method. This fabrication method can realize the change and control of structure parameters. The effects of the strut diameter on the compressive properties and energy absorption behavior of PDMS/PLA lattice composites were investigated by using quasi-static compression tests. The compressive properties of the co-continuous interlocking PDMS/PLA lattice composites can be adjusted in a narrow density range by a linear correlation. The energy absorption density of the co-continuous interlocking PDMS/PLA lattice composites increases with the increase in the PLA strut diameter and presents a higher efficiency peak and wider plateau region. The PLA lattice acts as a skeleton and plays an important role in bearing the compressive load and in energy absorption. The indexes of the compressive properties/energy absorption characteristics and PLA volume fraction of co-continuous interlocking PDMS/PLA lattice composites show linear relationships in logarithmic coordinates. The effect of the PLA volume fraction increasing on the plateau stress is more sensitive than the compressive strength and energy absorption density.

Dynamic response and blast resistance of I‐shaped steel‐concrete composite beam under explosive loading

AbstractTo investigate the dynamic mechanical response and damage mechanisms of I‐shaped steel‐concrete composite beams under explosive loads, experimental research and numerical simulations were conducted on steel‐concrete composite structures. The accuracy of the numerical analysis model was validated by comparing the damage characteristics of the structures obtained from explosive tests on the steel‐concrete composite components. Based on this, numerical simulations were performed on steel‐concrete composite beams using the explicit dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS‐DYNA, and a study on their damage mechanisms was conducted. This study resulted in the acquisition of dynamic mechanical response patterns, including time‐dependent stress, strain, displacement, acceleration, and so on. Different structural damage characteristics under various explosive conditions were summarized, and key parameters affecting the blast resistance of the structure were analyzed. The research findings indicated that, in contrast to the failure characteristics of I‐shaped reinforced concrete (RC) beams, the failure characteristics of I‐shaped steel‐concrete composite beams mainly include punching and shearing failure of the steel‐RC slab and local buckling of the steel beam. Under the same explosive conditions, steel‐concrete composite structures exhibit superior blast resistance, with certain changes in structural parameters significantly improving blast resistance. The research results can provide theoretical support and a scientific basis for the proactive design of blast protection in steel‐concrete beams.

Spermine and spermidine SI-PPCs: Molecular dynamics reveals enhanced biomolecular interactions

In this paper the effects on the interaction of highly positively charged substitution-inert platinum polynuclear complexes (SI-PPCs) with negatively charged DNA and heparin are examined and compared by theoretical chemistry methods. Electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions contribute to the overall effects on the biomolecule. Root Mean Square (RMS) deviation, Solvent Accessible Surface, RMS fluctuation, and interaction analysis all confirm similar effects on both biomolecules, dictated predominantly by the total positive charge and total number of hydrogen bonds formed. Especially, changes in structural parameters suggesting condensation and reduction of available surface area will reduce or prevent normal protein recognition and may thus potentially inhibit biological mechanisms related to apoptosis (DNA) or reduced vascularization viability (HEP). Thermodynamic analyses supported these findings with favourable interaction energies. The comparison of DNA and heparin confirms the general intersectionality between the two biomolecules and confirms the intrinsic dual-nature function of this chemotype. The distinction between the two-limiting mode of actions (HS or DNA-centred) could reflect an intriguing balance between extracellular (GAG) and intracellular (DNA) binding and affinities. The results underline the need to fully understand GAG-small molecule interactions and their contribution to drug pharmacology and related therapeutic modalities. This report contributes to that understanding.

SPR based dual parameter wide range curling pot shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor

This article proposes a curling pot shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which utilizes two parallel polished surfaces in the cladding to achieve dual parameter measurements of liquid refractive index (RI) and temperature. The mode characteristics and sensing performance of the designed PCF sensor are studied using the finite element method, and the effects of changes in structural parameters such as pore radius, spacing, and gold film thickness on the resonance spectrum are analyzed. The sensing accuracy of the sensor is insensitive to the change of structural parameters, and it has the characteristics of a wide detection range, high sensitivity, and easy manufacture. When the measured RI is in the range of 1.33∼1.42, the maximum RI sensitivity is 20400 nm RIU−1, and the maximum FOM is 483.3 RIU−1. When the temperature ranges from −10 °C to 100 °C, the maximum sensitivity is 15.4 nm °C−1, and the maximum FOM is 0.43 RIU−1. The tight structure design of the sensor core close to the polishing surface and the anti-spill light design with a uniform arrangement of air holes enhance the SPR effect, which is the essential reason for achieving a wide detection range and high sensitivity.

Analysis of Structural Parameters on InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb Quantum Well

Antimonide semiconductor lasers are ideal light sources in the 2–5 μm band, and antimonide type I quantum well semiconductor lasers are represented by the InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb quantum well material system. In this article, we focus on the epitaxial growth of GaSb-based type I InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb quantum well materials and their structural and luminescent properties. By changing the thicknesses of the InGaAsSb and AlGaAsSb potential well layers, we investigated the effects of changes in structural parameters and luminescence wavelengths. Altimately, we obtained the materials with good crystalline quality, structural and luminescence properties, providing a good basis for the growth of Type I InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb quantum well materials.

A Multiscale Modeling and Experimental Study on the Tensile Strength of Plain-Woven Composites with Hybrid Bonded-Bolted Joints.

CFRP hybrid bonded-bolted (HBB) joints combine the advantages of traditional joining methods, namely adhesive bonding, and bolting, to achieve optimal connection performance, making them the most favored connection method. The structural parameters of CFRP HBB joints, including overlap length, bolt-hole spacing, and fit clearance relationships, have a complex impact on connection performance. To enhance the connectivity performance of joint structures, this paper develops a multiscale finite element analysis model to investigate the impact of structural parameters on the strength of CFRP HBB joint structures. Coupled with experimental validation, the study reveals how changes in structural parameters affect the unidirectional tensile failure force of the joints. Building on this, an analytical approach and inverse design methodology for the mechanical properties of CFRP HBB joints based on deep supervised learning algorithms are developed. Neural networks accurately and efficiently predict the performance of joints with unprecedented combinations of parameters, thus expediting the inverse design process. This research combines experimentation and multiscale finite element analysis to explore the unknown relationships between the mechanical properties of CFRP HBB joints and their structural parameters. Furthermore, leveraging DNN neural networks, a rapid calculation method for the mechanical properties of hybrid joints is proposed. The findings lay the groundwork for the broader application and more intricate design of composite materials and their connection structures.

Study on updating finite element model of steel truss structure based on knowledge-enhanced deep reinforcement learning

Accurate assessment of the damage to a structure is the key to structural health monitoring. Among them, one effective means to assess the real-time status of the structure is by establishing a finite element model (FEM) of the structure and updating it synchronously. Previous research mainly updates the FEM of the structure with a certain moment in time without considering the continuous changes of structural parameters over a longer time. In this paper, we propose a FEM updating method for steel truss structure based on knowledge-enhanced deep reinforcement learning, which introduces long short-term memory (LSTM) network based on a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm and constructs a knowledge-enhanced noise function (NF) module based on parametric analysis. The NF-LSTM-DDPG algorithm can fit a continuous variation of structural parameters. The ablation experiments revealed that the LSTM network and the NF module facilitate the exploration and learning ability of the DDPG algorithm. The NF-LSTM-DDPG algorithm is used in an actual steel truss structure case, and the variation rules of the elastic modulus and support deviations obtained from the solution are consistent with the actual situation. The average relative error of the 34 strain measurement points after updating is 14.147 %, and the relative error is higher than 20 % in only 13 days out of 187 days of continuous monitoring. Five days were selected for the comparative study, and the experimental results show that the relative error of the NF-LSTM-DDPG algorithm is 13.206 %, which is higher than that of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm. The change of elastic modulus updated based on the NF-LSTM-DDPG algorithm is more reasonable than other algorithms.

Joint mining of fluid knowledge and multi-sensor data for gas–water two-phase flow status monitoring and evolution analysis

Gas-water two-phase flow process widely exists in petroleum, chemical and other industrial processes, which is intricate, manifested by dynamic evolution of fluid structures and real-time fluctuation of flow parameters. Detailed description and real-time monitoring of flow status are of great significance to safe operation of industry processes. In this paper, a monitoring framework jointly mining the fluid knowledge and latent property behind multi-sensor data is proposed to address the issues of uncertainty and sample scarcity in transitional flow statuses, which enables real-time monitoring on structural evolution and parameter change of flow process. Firstly, the shared iterative algorithm with multi-task weight discovery is proposed to establish the relative semantic description system to characterize flow process knowledge by mining the relationship between multi-sensor data and different fluid semantic properties, which is helpful for interpretable monitoring of flow status structure and parameter information. Secondly, latent properties mined from multi-sensor data by sparse exponential discriminant analysis contribute to flow characterization completeness and discrimination. Thirdly, the process knowledge and latent information of flow status is transformed into different degrees of describable semantic and latent properties, which obtain relative representations of flow status in the joint description space realized by rank support vector machine. The results demonstrate that the method enables precise monitoring and detailed description of typical and uncertain flow statuses in the absence of transitional flow status modeling samples.

Syntheses and Patterns of Changes in Structural Parameters of the New Quaternary Tellurides EuRECuTe3 (RE = Ho, Tm, and Sc): Experiment and Theory.

The layered orthorhombic quaternary tellurides EuRECuTe3 (RE = Ho, Tm, Sc) with Cmcm symmetry were first synthesized. Single crystals of the compounds up to 500 μm in size were obtained by the halide-flux method at 1120 K from elements taken in a ratio of Eu/RE/Cu/Te = 1:1:1:3. In the series of compounds, the changes in lattice parameters were in the ranges a = 4.3129(3)-4.2341(3) Å, b = 14.3150(9)-14.1562(9) Å, c = 11.2312(7)-10.8698(7) Å, V = 693.40(8)-651.52(7) Å3. In the structures, the cations Eu2+, RE3+ (RE = Ho, Tm, Sc), and Cu+ occupied independent crystallographic positions. The structures were built with distorted copper tetrahedra forming infinite chains [CuTe4]7- and octahedra [RETe6]9- forming two-dimensional layers along the a-axis. These coordination polyhedra formed parallel two-dimensional layers CuRETe32-∞2. Between the layers, along the a-axis, chains of europium trigonal prisms [EuTe6]10- were located. Regularities in the variation of structural parameters and the degree of distortion of coordination polyhedra depending on the ionic radius of the rare-earth metal in the compounds EuRECuCh3 (RE = Ho, Er, Tm, Lu, Sc; Ch = S, Se, Te) were established. It is shown that with a decrease in the ionic radius ri(RE3+) in the compounds EuRECuTe3, the unit-cell volume, bond length d(RE-Te), distortion degree [CuTe4]7-, and crystallographic compression of layers [RECuTe3]2- decreased. The distortion degree of tetrahedral polyhedra [CuCh4]7-, as well as the structural parameters in europium rare-earth copper tellurides EuRECuTe3, were higher than in isostructural quaternary chalcogenides. Ab initio calculations of the crystalline structure, phonon spectrum, and elastic properties of compounds EuRECuTe3 (RE = Ho, Tm, and Sc) ere conducted. The types and wave numbers of fundamental modes were determined, and the involvement of ions in IR and Raman modes was assessed. The calculated data of the crystal structure correlated well with the experimental results.

Impact of baseline ECG characteristics on changes in cardiac biomarkers and echocardiographic metrices after acute myocardial infarction treated with Empagliflozin

The EMMY trial was a multicentre, investigator-initiated, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, which enrolled 476 patients immediately following AMI and the first study demonstrating a significant reduction in NT-proBNP-levels as well as significant improvements in cardiac structure and function in patients after acute myocardial infarction treated with empagliflozin vs. placebo. However, hardly any data are available investigating the prognostic role of baseline electrocardiogram metrics in SGLT2-inhibitor-treated patients. This post-hoc analysis investigated the association of baseline ECG metrics collected in one centre of the trial (181 patients) with changes in structural and functional cardiac parameters as well as cardiac biomarkers in response to Empagliflozin treatment. A total of 181 patients (146 men; mean age 58 ± 14 years) were included. Median PQ-interval was 156 (IQR 144–174) milliseconds (ms), QRS width 92 (84–98) ms, QTc interval 453 (428–478) ms, Q-wave duration 45 (40–60) ms, Q-wave amplitude 0.40 (0.30–0.70) millivolt (mV), and heart rate was 71 (64–85) bpm. For functional cardiac parameters (LVEF and E/eʹ) of the entire cohort, a greater decrease of E/eʹ from baseline to week 26 was observed in shorter QRS width (P = 0.005).Structural cardiac endpoints were only found to have a significant positive correlation between LVEDD and Q wave duration (P = 0.037). Higher heart rate was significantly correlated with better response in LVEF (P = 0.001), E/eʹ (P = 0.021), and NT-proBNP (P = 0.005). Empagliflozin-treatment showed no interaction with the results. Baseline ECG characteristics post AMI are neither predictive for beneficial NTproBNP effects of Empagliflozin post AMI, nor for functional or structural changes within 26 weeks post AMI.

Elucidation of structural, electromagnetic, and optical properties of Cu–Mg ferrite nanoparticles

Copper doped magnesium ferrite, Mg1-xCuxFe2O4(x = 0.0–1.0) nanomaterials were synthesized via. sol-gel method sintered at 600 °C for 2 h. The synthesized materials were characterized using modern sophisticated techniques viz. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy, Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Vibrating sample magnetometer, UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra and Impedance analyzer. XRD analysis revealed that all the samples were single phase cubic spinel structure with Fd3m space group and investigated the change in structural parameters with copper concentration. The average crystallite size in the range of 11–23 nm and lattice parameters decrease with increasing Cu doping, due to the cationic distribution and ionic radius. The SEM images show the agglomeration of the particles with spherical like shape and elemental percentage were obtained from EDX. The saturation magnetization showed an increasing trend with increasing Cu concentration at a certain level and then decreases due to the rearrangement of cations at tetrahedral and octahedral sites. The Coercivity, Retentivity and magnetic crystalline anisotropy increase with changing dopant concentration. The magnetic measurements showed enhanced saturation magnetization at certain level (28.96emu/gm) and increase in coercivity up to 1102 Oe with changing dopant concentration. The estimated band gap energy is found to increase with Cu content. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance show normal behavior of ferrite. The frequency dependent dielectric constant decrease and tan delta shows a relaxation behavior at low frequencies. The synthesized nano Mg–Cu nanoparticles will be applied as humidity sensor, gas sensor, microwave devices and photocatalyst.

Synthesis of Binder-Free, Low-Resistant Randomly Orientated Nanorod/Sheet ZnS-MoS2 as Electrode Materials for Portable Energy Storage Applications.

The scientific community needs to conduct research on novel electrodes for portable energy storage (PES) devices like supercapacitors (S-Cs) and lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion-Bs) to overcome energy crises, especially in rural areas where no electrical poles are available. Herein, the nanostructured MoS2 and ZnS-MoS2 E-Ms consisting of nanoparticles/rods/sheets (N-Ps-Rs-Ss) are deposited on hierarchical nickel foam by a homemade chemical vapor deposition (H-M CVD) route. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the formation of polycrystalline films growing along various orientations, whereas the field-emission scanning electron microscope analysis confirms the formation of N-Ps-Rs-Ss. The change in structural and microstructural parameters indicates the existence of defects improving the energy storage ability of the deposited ZnS-MoS2@Ni-F electrodes. The specific capacitances of MoS2@Ni-F and ZnS-MoS2@Ni-F electrodes are found to be 1763 and 3565 F/g at 0.5 mV/s and 1451 and 3032 F/g at 1 A/g, respectively. The growing behavior of impedance graphs indicates their capacitive nature; however, the shifting of impedance curves toward y-axis indicates that the increasing diffusion rates due to the formation of nanostructures of ZnS-MoS2 results in low impedance. An excellent energy storage performance, minimum capacity fading, and improved electrical conductivity of the deposited E-Ms are due to the combined contributions of the electrical double layer and pseudocapacitor nature, which is again confirmed by theoretical Dunn's model. The absence of charge transfer resistance and good capacitance retention (95%) even after 10,000 cycles indicates that the deposited E-Ms are better for PES devices like S-Cs and Li-ion-Bs than MoS2 E-Ms. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor device exhibited the maximum specific capacitance = 996 F/g, energy density = 354-285 W h/kg, power density = 2400-24,000 W/kg, capacitance retention = 95% and Coulombic efficiency = 100% even after a long charging-discharging of 10,000 cycles.

Structure Design of Pressure Swirl Atomizing Nozzle

Based on Solidworks and Fluent, the inner flow field of swirl nozzle is modeled and simulated. The simulation results of the internal flow field of the nozzle show that the change of the internal structural parameters of the nozzle has an importa nt impact on the flow characteristics of the working medium at the outlet of the nozzle. The parameters such as the axial velocity, tangential velocity and atomization angle at the outlet of the nozzle under different structural parameters are comprehensively compared, and finally the nozzle structure with the optimal atomization effect is determined.