Changes In Anthropometric Indices Research Articles

A significant increase in anthropometric indices during long-term follow-up of pediatric patients with celiac disease, with no endocrine disorders.

Celiac disease (CeD) is likely to be associated with growth impairment and poor weight gain. However, long-term growth patterns following diagnosis are poorly characterized. We evaluated long-term anthropometric changes in a large cohort of pediatric patients with CeD. A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with CeD between 1999 and 2018 was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and anthropometrics were analyzed from diagnosis and throughout follow-up. The study included 500 patients (59.8% females, median (IQR) age at diagnosis 5.7 (3.7-8.9) years), with a mean follow-up of 5.5 (range 1.5-16.2) years. Weight, height, and BMI Z-score-for-age (WAZ, HAZ, and BMIZ) increased significantly from a mean (± SD) of - 0.82 (± 1.21), - 0.73 (± 1.16), and - 0.32 (± 1.11) at diagnosis to - 0.41 (± 1.23), - 0.45(± 1.16), and - 0.17 (± 1.14) at last follow-up, respectively (p < 0.001 for WAZ and HAZ and p = 0.002 for BMIZ). The largest improvements were observed in patients diagnosed before 3years of age (p < 0.01). Patients for whom the final adult height was available (n = 86) improved from HAZ mean (± SD) - 0.89 ± 1.37 at diagnosis to - 0.51 ± 1.28 at adulthood measurement, p < 0.05. Wasting was present in 19.7% and stunting in 16.4% of the cohort at diagnosis and normalized in 77.3% and 64.8%, respectively, within a median (IQR) time of 0.79 (0.42-4.24) and 2.3 (0.72-6.02) years, respectively. Gluten-free diet adherence and frequency of visits were not associated with normalization of wasting or stunting in all age groups. Conclusion: Over a long-term follow-up, pediatric patients with CeD demonstrate significant increases in weight, height, and BMI-for-age. Younger age at diagnosis is associated with greater improvement in weight and linear growth, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis of CeD. What is Known: • Celiac disease (СeD) is likely to be associated with growth impairment and poor weight gain. • Long-term changes in anthropometric indices after diagnosis of CeD are not well characterized. What is New: • Over a long-term follow-up, pediatric patients with CeD demonstrate significant increases in weight, height, and BMI-for-age. • Young age at diagnosis is associated with larger improvement in weight and linear growth.

Anthropometric Changes During Pregnancy and Their Association with Adequacy of Gestational Weight Gain

BackgroundGestational weight gain (GWG) is an expected component of a healthy pregnancy. Gaining weight within the recommended range helps support the mother's health by providing energy reserves and nutrients to meet the increased metabolic demands during pregnancy. Too much or too little GWG has been associated with adverse health outcomes for the mother and child. ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to examine how changes in anthropometric indicators during pregnancy, including fat gain, vary, compare changes among body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) groups, and examine how the changes were associated with adequacy of GWG defined using the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. MethodsData came from a cohort of 360 pregnant women with measured anthropometric indicators (weight, midupper arm circumference, and skin folds of the triceps, thigh, and upper iliac) at <12-, 16 to 22-, and 28 to 32-wks of gestation. Fat gain was calculated using a formula. Analysis of variance was used to test for differences in anthropometric changes by BMI and adequacy of GWG in the third trimester. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine associations between changes in anthropometric indicators and GWG recommendations. ResultsWomen with normal weight had greater increases in all anthropometric indicators, which differed from women with obesity, who had negative changes and gained less weight. Women who gained inadequately (21%) had negative changes that were all less, compared with women who gained adequately (46%) (except in upper iliac) or excessively (34%). Women with BMI of >25 who gained adequately also had negative changes. Logistic regression results indicated that changes in midupper arm circumference, triceps, and thigh skin folds, and fat gain were all inversely associated with inadequate GWG, whereas all indicators were positively associated with excessive GWG. ConclusionsAnthropometric changes during pregnancy differ by BMI and are associated with adequacy of GWG. Women who gained adequately had minimal fat gain, lending support for current GWG guidelines.

Beneficial effects of the probiotics and synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Studies have suggested that probiotics and synbiotics can improve body weight and composition. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrated mixed results. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics and synbiotics on body weight and composition in adults. We searched PubMed/Medline, Ovid/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane library up to April 2023 using related keywords. We included all RCTs investigating the effectiveness of probiotics and/or synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition among adults. Random-effects models were applied for performing meta-analyses. In addition, we conducted subgroup analyses and meta-regression to explore the non-linear and linear relationship between the length of follow-up and the changes in each outcome. We included a total of 200 trials with 12,603 participants in the present meta-analysis. Probiotics or synbiotics intake led to a significant decrease in body weight (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -0.91 kg; 95% CI: -1.08, -0.75; p< 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -0.28 kg/m2 ; 95% CI: -0.36, -0.21; p< 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -1.14 cm; 95% CI: -1.42, -0.87; p< 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (WMD: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.01, -0.00; p< 0.001), fat mass (FM) (WMD: -0.92 kg; 95% CI: -1.05, -0.79; p< 0.001), and percentage of body fat (%BF) (WMD: -0.68%; 95% CI: -0.94, -0.42; p< 0.001) compared to controls. There was no difference in fat-free mass (FFM) and lean body mass (LBM). Subgroup analyses indicated that probiotics or synbiotics administered as food or supplement resulted in significant changes in anthropometric indices and body composition. However, compared to controls, FM and %BF values were only reduced after probiotic consumption. Our results showed that probiotics or synbiotics have beneficial effects on body weight, central obesity, and body composition in adults and could be useful as an add on to weight loss products and medications.

Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on related variables of obesity complicated with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely related to obesity, and weight loss can significantly improve the metabolic, endocrine and reproductive functions of obese individuals with PCOS. However, the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for obesity with PCOS are unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of LSG on related variables in obese patients with PCOS. A retrospective analysis was performed on 32 obese patients with PCOS who received LSG treatment at the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2013 to 2020. The changes in anthropometric indices, insulin, testosterone, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), menstrual cycle and LH/FSH ratio before and 1 mo, 3 mo, 6 mo and 12 mo after the operation were statistically analyzed. At 1 mo, 3 mo, 6 mo and 12 mo after surgery, the anthropometric indices, such as body weight and body mass index, of all patients were lower than those before the operation. The percentage excess weight loss (EWL%) at 1 mo, 3 mo, 6 mo and 1 year of follow-up were 25, 40, 46 and 65, respectively. The PCOS-related indices, such as insulin, testosterone, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and menstrual cycle, were improved to varying degrees. During the 1-year follow-up, the average serum testosterone decreased from preoperative 0.72 ng/mL to 0.43 ng/mL (P < 0.05), average fasting insulin level (9.0 mIU/mL, preoperative 34.2 mil, LH level, 4.4 mIU/mL, preoperative 6.1 mIU/mL). The level of FSH (3.8 U/L, 4.8 U/p0.05) and the ratio of LH/FSH (0.7, 1.3/p0.05) were more relieved than those before surgery. During the postoperative follow-up, it was found that the menstrual cycle of 27 patients (nasty 27) returned to normal, and 6 patients (18%) who intended to become pregnant became pregnant within 1 year after surgery. The weight loss effect of LSG is obvious and affirmative, and the endocrine index of obese patients with PCOS is also improved to some extent, although the mechanism is not clear. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is expected to become a backup choice for patients with polycystic ovaries in the future.

Does yoga training relate to health-promoting modifications of anthropometric indicators of overweight and quality of life in young women? Preliminary observations.

Background: Overweight and obesity are global civilization problems affecting all age groups, including in Poland. The prevalence of excessive body weight among young women in 2022, according to the Central Statistical Office (GUS), was 20%. Overweight leads to numerous complications and increases the risk of chronic diseases. There is also a confirmed link between obesity and low self-acceptance, leading to a decrease in quality of life, especially among women. Health-promoting modifications of lifestyle, including physical activity and diet, play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Regular physical activity like yoga is also associated with improved quality of life, particularly in the psychological domain. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the changes in anthropometric indicators of body weight (BMI, WC, WHR) and quality of life (SF-36) after 8 weeks of yoga training, conducted 3 times a week, with each session lasting 45 minutes.Material and methods: The study included 27 women with an average age of 31.48 years 10.98, who were not undergoing any medical therapy or engaging in other physical training, and were not pregnant. The participants did not make any changes to their diet during the study. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. The normal distribution of variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the difference between variables was analyzed using either the Student's t-test or the Wilcoxon test. The relationships between variables were examined using the Spearman's rank correlation test.Results: The analysis of the obtained results showed that in the study group, the conducted yoga training led to a statistically significant increase in the level of quality of life in all domains (PCS, MCS, PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, MH). There were no statistically significant changes observed in BMI, WC, and WHR before and after the training, which may be attributed to the small sample size and requires further research.Conclusion: Based on the preliminary results, it can be inferred that an 8-week yoga training may be recommended as a method to improve the quality of life in women.

Intrafamily differences in nutritional status of preschool children

Studies on intra-family differences in nutritional status in under-five siblings reported that prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting were higher in the elder sibling. A mixed longitudinal study was taken up to document changes in anthropometric indicators with increasing age in pre-school children and to assess whether the observed differences in nutritional status between the two under-five siblings were due to changes in anthropometric indices with increasing age.The study was undertaken in three groups of children from urban low middle-income families: Group A (cross-sectional data), Group B (paired data of the siblings, one in the 0-23 months and the other, in the 24-59 month age group), and Group C (first measurement in the 0-23 month age and the second measurement in the 24-59 month age in the same child). Changes in anthropometric indices and nutritional status in relation to age were computed in all three groups and compared.There was an increase in stunting and underweight, and a decrease in wasting rates with increasing age in Groups A, B, and C. The trend and magnitude of change in nutritional status were similar in Groups A, B and C.Intra-family differences in the nutritional status of under-five siblings were due to the changes in nutritional status with increase in age. Interventions focussed on growth monitoring, early detection and effective management of growth faltering may reduce the deterioration in nutritional status with increasing age in children.

Dietary amino acids and anthropometric indices: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.

Recent studies investigated the role of amino acids (AAs) in weight management. We aimed to determine the association between AAs and three-year change of anthropometric indices and incident obesity. Height, weight, hip, and waist circumference (WC) were collected at baseline and follow up. Three-year changes in anthropometric indices and obesity incident according to body mass index (BMI) (overweight & obesity) and WC cutoffs (obesity-WC) were ascertained. Dietary intakes of AAs were collected at baseline, using a food frequency questionnaire. Data analyses were conducted on 4976 adult participants and two subsamples, including 1,570 and 2,918 subjects, for assessing the AAs relationship with 3-year changes on anthropometric indices and obesity incident. Lysine and aspartic acid were positively associated with higher weight change, whereas acidic AAs, cysteine, and glutamic acid showed a negative correlation with weight change. Furthermore, a weak positive correlation was shown for alkaline AAs, lysine, and valine with WC; however, acidic AAs, tryptophan, cysteine, and glutamic acid were negatively associated with WC. Aromatic and acidic AAs also demonstrated a weak negative relation with changes in BAI. Phenylalanine and Aromatic AAs showed a negative association with overweight &obesity incidence adjusting for potential confounders. Each quartile increases the dietary lysine, arginine, alanine, methionine, aspartic acid, and alkaline AAs related to a greater risk of obesity-WC, while tryptophan, glutamic acid, proline, and acidic AAs associated with lower obesity-WC risk. Our results suggested that certain dietary AAs may potentially change anthropometric indices and risk of obesity incident.

Three-stage surgical treatment for colon lesions in children with Crohn's disease. Retrospective-prospective study

Background. Crohn's disease (CD) in children is characterized by a more severe and progressive course, with the development of a form that is not susceptible to drug therapy, and the development of surgical complications. Up to 50% of cases, inflammation is localized in the ileocecal region. Isolated inflammation of the colon is diagnosed in the smallest number of patients with Crohn's disease, in adults from 18.1 to 28.3%, in pediatric patients from 5.1 to 24.4%.&#x0D; Aim. To substantiate the effectiveness of three-stage surgical treatment in children with colon lesions in CD.&#x0D; Materials and methods. From 2018 to 2022, 75 children with complicated Crohn's disease underwent surgical interventions in the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health. A single-stage retrospective-prospective study of 7 (9.3%) children with isolated colon lesion was conducted. Four (57%) children stenosis in the left colon; 3 (43%) children continuously recurrent inflammation of the colon, not amenable to drug therapy. The effectiveness of staged surgical treatment was evaluated after 6, 12, 18, 24 months based on statistical analysis of clinical, endoscopic and laboratory activity of CD, changes in anthropometric indicators.&#x0D; Results. In 4 children, the onset of remission was noted, and in 3 children, clinical activity was mild (p0.05). The onset of endoscopic (p0.05) and laboratory remission (p0.05) was noted in all children. The assessment of the growth-to-age ratio also showed statistically significant positive dynamics, however, when assessing the ratio of body mass index to age, no statistically significant changes were detected (p=0.066).&#x0D; Conclusion. Isolated colon lesion is the rarest phenotype in children with CD. The formation of colon stricture requires surgical treatment, but predicting the volume of surgical treatment at the preoperative stage is a difficult task. The chosen tactics of conducting surgical treatment in three stages, with the correction of drug therapy after disconnecting the colon from the digestive tract, allowed not only to avoid postoperative complications associated with the formation of an anastomosis on the affected intestinal wall, but also to achieve remission of the disease.

NUTRITIONAL SURVEY IN CRITICALLY ILL CHILDREN AND THEIR IMPACT ON ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND OUTCOME.

Malnutrition has a high incidence among patients hospitalized to PICUs. It has a major impact on a child's outcome, including death, morbidity, and length of ICU stay.1, 2, 3 However various studies have found that the actual delivery of enteral nutrition is less as compared to what is needed due to lack of feeding protocols, delay in initiation and stopping enteral nutrition in case of a procedure or an untoward event.4 Covid 19 pandemic has increased both underweight and obesity. Henceforth, our study is conducted in critically ill pediatric patients to evaluate their nutritional needs and the transition of critically ill pediatric patients from partial or total parental nutrition to various forms of enteral nutrition. Along with the nutritional survey, the study also evaluates the change in anthropometric indices of pediatric patients after their PICU stay and co-relation with enteral nutrition. Finally the results were segregated to nd the outcome of these patients in our tertiary level Pediatric Intensive Care Unit based in teaching institute of Western Maharashtra. There is scarcity of literature in nutrition in pediatric critical care in India. This study aims to study the incidence of nutrition in pediatric intensive care units and measures to increase nutrition and their impact on outcome.

The effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered care for obese students in primary services: A randomized controlled trial.

Self-empowerment-based patient-centered services with a coaching approach are imperative in the management of students with obesity. This study evaluated the applicability and effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered coaching for the weight loss program model for obese students. This randomized control trial recruited 60 obese students aged 17-22 years in Universitas Indonesia from August to December 2021. Intervention group subjects were coached by a health coach. Each health coach assisted four subjects with SMART model coaching in six meetings every 2 weeks through a zoom platform. Both groups had instructions on obesity, nutrition, and physical activity from specialist doctors online. Paired t-test or Mann-Whitney test, as appropriate, to compare the measurements of anthropometry, body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), food intake (food record form), physical activity (physical activity form), subjective well-being (subjective well-being questionnaire), and healthy behavior habits (satisfaction scale) between the two groups before and after the intervention. A total of 41 obese students completed the study, 23 from intervention group and 18 from the control group. The change in total body fat (-0.9 [-12.9, 0.70] vs. 0.0 [-6.9, 3.50], P = 0.02) and healthy behavior habit (13.5 ± 11.85 vs. 7.5 ± 8.08, P = 0.04) in the intervention group was significantly greater than in the control group. The change in satisfaction scale of hobby/passion (2 [-4.6] vs. 1 [-2.2], P = 0.02), movement exercise (2.3 ± 2.11 vs. 1.2 ± 1.93, P = 0.03), sleep rest (2 [-6.5] vs. 1 [-3.2], P = 0.01), and spiritual (1 [0.6] vs. 0 [-1.3], P = 0.00) was significantly higher in the coached group. A weight loss program for obese students was tested through self-empowerment-based patient-centered care with a coaching approach and has proven to effect changes in anthropometric indicators, body composition, self-empowerment, food intake, and physical activity.

Using the changes of several simple anthropometric indices to predict the occurrence of metabolic syndrome: Findings from medically under-resourced communities in rural China.

Various anthropometric indices have been proved to be useful to predict metabolic syndrome(MetS), but the association between changes in anthropometric indices and the onset of MetS is unclear. This study selected six indices that are easy to measure and calculate in daily life and evaluated the relationships. We established a prospective cohort in rural China during 2012-2013 and involved 5,221 participants without MetS. The follow-up visit was conducted in 2015 to repeat anthropometric indices measurements and assess MetS onset. Binary logistic regression model was used to calculate the association between changes in anthropometric indices and MetS onset. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to compare their abilities in MetS prediction. Over a median follow-up time of 2.42 years, 1,367 participants (26.2%) developed MetS. The increase in all the six indices is associated with an increased risk of MetS. Changes in WC and WHtR are the strongest predictors, with a 5 cm increase in WC and a 0.025 increase in WHtR giving the best prediction of MetS onset. People should be aware of changes in these six anthropometric indices in daily life, as their increase is closely related to an increased risk of MetS, especially WC and WHtR. We recommend an increase of 5 cm in WC and 0.025 in WHtR as the optimal cut-off for the MetS prediction.

Evaluation of anthropometric indices in patients with maxillomandibular fractures undergoing intermaxillary fixation

Intermaxillary fixation affects the anthropometric measurements like body mass index (BMI) and skin fold thickness with possible changes in lipid and total protein profile while promoting loss of water, protein and fat. This study aims to determine the effect of IMF on BMI and skinfold thickness. Changes in the physiological levels of total protein, albumin, lipid profile factors and calcium were also assessed. It was a cross sectional study in patients with maxillomandibular fractures conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. BMI and skinfold thickness was recorded before and after the 4-week IMF period in 45 patients. SPSS software version 20.0 was used. Categorical and quantitative variables were expressed as frequency and mean +/- SD respectively. Paired t test was used on certain quantitative parameters. p &amp;#60; 0.05 was considered significant. This study showed that treatment with IMF can lead to changes in anthropometric indices namely BMI and skin fold thickness and possible change in total protein and albumin.

Association between Changes in Anthropometric Indices and in Fasting Insulin Levels among Healthy Korean Adolescents: The JS High School Study.

Association between Changes in Anthropometric Indices and in Fasting Insulin Levels among Healthy Korean Adolescents: The JS High School Study.

Mudanças em indicadores antropométricos e de velocidade de marcha em idosos: estudo de coorte

Abstract Objective To characterize changes in anthropometric indicators in older adults and investigate whether being overweight was associated with lower gait speed (GS), based on measurements taken at an interval of nine years. Methods Cohort study with older adults (≥65 years), conducted in 2008-2009 (baseline) and 2016-2017 (follow-up) in the city of Campinas/SP and in Ermelino Matarazzo/SP, Brazil. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and hip (HC) measurements were taken and used to determine the following indicators: body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (C index). The T and Wilcoxon tests for paired samples were used to estimate the differences. Results Information from 537 older adults (70.0% women) with a mean age of 72.2 years at baseline and 80.7 years at follow-up were analyzed. After nine years, the men showed significant decreases in weight, height and BMI, and an increase in the C index. In women, decreases in weight, height and BMI, and increases in WC, HC, WHtR, WHR and C index were observed. The percentage variations observed were: -3.89% (weight), -0.36% (height), -4.18% (BMI) and +2.27% (C index) among men; -2.95% (weight), -0.65% (height), -0.73% (BMI), +3.33% (WC), +1.59% (HC), +3.45% (WHtR), +2.27% (WHR) and +4.76% (C-Index) among women. Being overweight was associated with greater odds ratio of stability and new cases of lower GS at follow-up. Conclusion Changes were identified in weight, height, BMI, and indicators of abdominal obesity, especially in women, together with an association between being overweight and lower GS.

Anthropometric Indices and Age at Natural Menopause: A 15-Year Follow-up Population-Based Study.

BackgroundFollowing menopause, the risk of many diseases is increased, and this situation may be due to changes in anthropometric indices (AI), while the association between adiposity and age at natural menopause (ANM) is not clear yet.ObjectivesThis longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the ability of AI in predicting ANM.MethodsFor this purpose, a total of 3,876 women aged > 20 years old from participants of the Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS) met our eligibility criteria. The association between ANM and various AIs was assessed using the Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) model, and time ratio (TR) with 95% confidence intervals was reported in this longitudinal study.ResultsThe median [interquartile range (IQR) 25 - 75] of the survival time was 12.5 (7.9 - 15.8) years. At the end of the follow-up, 1,479 (38.2%) of the participants reached menopause. The median time to natural menopause was decreased by about 2% with one standard deviation (SD) increase of both a body shape index (ABSI) (time ratio (TR): 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97, 0.99) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) (TR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.98, 0.99) z-scores; and this time was increased by about 1% (TR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02) with one SD increase in body mass index (BMI) z-score.ConclusionsThe ABSI, LAP, and BMI were the most useful AIs for identification of the time to menopause onset, and ABSI and LAP were inversely associated with the ANM. Also, the BMI was directly associated with the ANM.

The Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Females with Moderate Physical Activity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background:Exercise-induced oxidative stress, muscle damage, and inflammation represent major contributors to why athletes use ergogenic aids. Turmeric is used as a spice because of its polyphenol ingredient named curcumin. We assessed the effects of curcumin supplementation on inflammatory, oxidative stress markers, muscle damage, and anthropometric indices in women with moderate physical activity.Methods:This double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 women with moderate physical activity levels (defined as walking or swimming for at least 1 h per day) for 8 weeks. Mean ± SD of age (years) all participants was 21 ± 2. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: curcumin (500 mg/day) and placebo (500 mg/day cornstarch). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, body composition, and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) were evaluated before and after an intervention.Results:Sixty-five subjects completed the 8-week intervention. Within analysis indicated a significant decrease in CRP, LDH, MDA levels, and a significant increase in VO2 max in the curcumin group after an intervention (P < 0.05). There were significant decreases in CRP (P = 0.002), LDH (P = 0.041), and MDA (P = 0.005), no significant increase in TAC, and significant increase in VO2 max (P = 0.0001) levels in the curcumin group compared with placebo group. There were no significant changes in weight, body mass index, body fat, and lean body mass between two groups.Conclusions:Our findings indicated that 8-week curcumin administration could significantly improve CRP, LDH, MDA, and VO2 max. Curcumin supplementation did not elicit significant changes in anthropometric indices in this study.

Effects of a Low Carbohydrate Diet on Patients With Metabolic Syndrome Complicated by Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of low carbohydrate (LC) diet on weight, metabolic and liver-related parameters among patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and NAFLD. Methods79 white patients (median 44 years) with MS who met criteria for NAFLD were studied. We offered them following diet: 3-fold meal restricted in red and processed meat, food intake was at 7–9a.m., 1–2p.m. and 6–8p.m. with both LC breakfast and dinner, lunch consisted of LC, proteines, polyunsaturated fatty acids and non-starchy vegetables; there were no snacks during the day. Daily calorie intake was reduced by 20% from baseline. Diet intervention lasted 12 weeks. Self-reported diet records were used to assess dietary intake. No drugs were used during this period. ResultsFinally 47 patients (37 men and 10 women) completed the trial, physical activity didn’t change substantially during this period. After 12 weeks the most significant decreasement were in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) -54.2%, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) -43.7%, HOMAir Index -48.1%, triglycerides -33.3% (relative to baseline). The dynamics for all indicators is statistically significant (P < 0.05). Anthropometric characteristics showed significantly lower sensitivity to our diet therapy compared to clinical indicators, but their dynamics is statistically significant. (P < 0.05). Correlation coefficients - BMI, % Fat, % Visceral Fat, Waist circumference although reduced significantly less than clinical parameters (–6.8% – –19.0%), but show mostly high correlations in their dynamics (r = 0.567 - 0.989, P < 0.05). This indicates the synchronicity of changes in anthropometric indicators. Laboratory indicators do not have such a dependence (low correlation coefficients), which may indicate the absence of a dependence in decrease of some indicators with the decreasement of others. The exception is the high correlation between AST-ALT (r = 0.713) and insulin - HOMA index (r = 0.775), which is clinically determined. ConclusionsThe analysis showed that the most sensitive to our diet therapy were such parametres: ALT, AST and HOMAir index. Therefore, 3-fold LC meal without any snacks and decreased red/processed meat consumption could be good addition or even alternative to pharmacological treatment of MS complicated by NAFLD. Funding SourcesNot funded.

Maternal Participation in a Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture Intervention Matters for Child Diet and Growth Outcomes in Rural Ghana

ObjectivesLittle is known about how level of participation affects nutrition outcomes in rural interventions. This study examined the association between participation level in a nutrition-sensitive agriculture intervention (NSA) and children’s diet and anthropometric outcomes. MethodsThe Nutrition Links was a 2016–17 cluster RCT (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01985243) which enrolled caregivers with children < 18 mo in rural Ghana. Women in the intervention communities self-selected to receive poultry layers for egg production as part of a loan package, garden inputs, and nutrition education. Weekly meetings were used for education, for the staff to document egg production, and for the women to repay their loan and purchase feed. After endline, project participation was evaluated with a summative score that reflected 5 criteria: 1) egg productivity 2) timely and complete payment for feed and loan 3) meeting attendance 4) answering questions and making comments during the meetings and 5) attentiveness and helpfulness with the group. The field staff evaluated all criteria – from 1 (very poor) to 5 (excellent) – for each intervention woman who received poultry. Their participation was classified as high, medium, or low, based on tertiles. The participation of intervention women who never received poultry was ‘none’. Logistic and linear regressions tested the likelihood of consuming eggs and having a minimum diverse diet (MDD) and changes in anthropometric indices for the participation levels compared to those of the controls, who received standard-of-care services. ResultsIn comparison to the control group, only a high participation level was significant for having a MDD (aOR = 3.1, 95% CI [1.1, 8.8]). Both medium and high participation levels were associated with an increased likelihood in egg consumption (aOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.0, 4.1]; aOR = 2.7, 95% CI [1.3, 5.4]), and length-for-age (LAZ)/height-for-age (HAZ) z-scores (β = 0.4, 95% CI [0.2, 0.6]; β = 0.4, 95% CI [0.2, 0.7]), and weight-for-age (WAZ) (β = 0.2, 95% CI [0.0, 0.4]; β = 0.2, 95% CI [0.0, 0.5]), respectively. ConclusionsThese results show the potential effect of NSA interventions and highlight the importance of facilitating high participation of beneficiaries. Funding SourcesGlobal Affairs Canada, Heifer International, World Vision, McGill University, International Development Research Centre.

Establishing a Role for Sarcospan as an Obesity‐Susceptibility Gene in Mice

This study verifies genome-wide association studies that connect variants in the SSPN locus, encoding the protein sarcospan, with increased waist circumference and heightened susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that deletion of SSPN would protect SSPN-null mice from diet-induced obesity. To test this SSPN-null and WT (C57BL/6J) male and female mice were subjected to high fat diet (HFD) (60%) and compared to equivalent controls. After 16 weeks HFD, mice were assessed for changes in anthropometric indices, histology, glucose handling, blood chemistry, cardiac function and tissues for ectopic lipid deposition. Our in vivo findings suggest that SSPN plays a role in adiposity and specific variants in the gene locus may increase/decrease susceptibility to central adiposity thereby heightening risk of cardiometabolic disease. SSPN-null male mice were partially protected from weight gain, liver steatosis and had slightly improved glucose handling compared to WT males after HFD. After HFD, female SSPN-null mice had only a small increase in body weight compared to WT females. EchoMRI was used to measure % Fat per body weight. WT female mice had significantly higher % Fat after HFD compared to WT controls, while % Fat in female SSPN-null mice was largely similar after the HFD regimen. Blood chemistry measurements suggested liver damage in HFD WT mice since alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (U/L) were significantly elevated with levels higher in males than females. SSPN-null mice of both genders and diets however exhibited similar ALT levels. Cardiac function remained largely preserved in all groups of mice after HFD, therefore extended studies may be needed. In conclusion, deletion of the SSPN gene protects both females and males from diet-induced obesity and future studies will ascertain how it affects cardiovascular health.

Changes in anthropometric indices among Korean school students based on the 2010 and 2018 Korea School Health Examination Surveys.

PurposeThis study sought to identify changes in anthropometric values among Korean school students by comparing the most recent nationwide data with previous data.MethodsData from the Korea School Health Examination Survey 2018 were used. The study population consisted of 107,954 Korean school students ranging from the 1st grade in elementary school through the 3rd year of high school. The difference in height and weight values for each sex and school grade was analyzed by comparison with the Korea School Health Examination Survey 2010.ResultsThe mean heights of the 3rd-year high school students were 173.8 cm and 160.9 cm for boys and girls, respectively. The mean height of the 3rd-year high school students showed no difference between 2010 and 2018 for either sex. However, the mean height of the age group from the 3rd grade in elementary school through the 1st year in high school was significantly taller in 2018 compared to 2010 for both sexes. The mean weights of the 3rd-year high school students were 71.3 kg and 57.5 kg for boys and girls, respectively. The mean weight of students in 2018 was significantly higher compared to students in 2010 for most school grades.ConclusionsAlthough no significant change was found in near-final height between 2010 and 2018 among high school seniors, the mean height during the growth spurt was significantly higher in 2018 compared to 2010. Weight was significantly higher in almost all school grades in 2018 compared to 2010.