Champions Trophy Research Articles

Video Analysis of Acute Injuries in Elite Field Hockey.

With this study, we aim to determine the value of video assessment of acute injuries in field hockey. Retrospective video analysis for acute injuries. Professional field hockey. Seven women and men's field hockey tournaments (World League, Champions Trophy) in 2015. Not applicable. An injury was defined as any new musculoskeletal complaint leading to time stoppage and medical attention. The outcome measures were time at play, location on the pitch, type of injury, injured body part, and injury mechanism. A total of 190 injuries occurred in 179 matches (55/73 female and 135/106 male matches). There were 0.75 injuries per match for women [confidence interval (CI, 0.31-1.13)] and 1.27 injuries per match for men (CI, 0.88-1.61). The number of injuries per 1000 player match hours was 34.20 for women (CI, 14.04-51.29) and 57.89 for men (CI, 29.78-73.12). The highest injury frequency occurred within the third quarter and within the circle. Contusion was the most common injury type (90.9% in women and 96.3% in men). The leading causes of injuries were hits by the ball or stick and collisions with another player. The head/face was the most affected body part in both sex groups (32.7% in women and 29.6% in men). Video analysis revealed data on injury incidence within the same range of previous reports in elite field hockey. Its advantages, such as slow motion and repetitive play of injury scenes, could contribute valuable information if incorporated into the injury recording process.

Analysis of the penalty corner attack strategy in international women’s hockey: 2016 Champions Trophy and 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to analyse the differences in various penalty corner attack tactics observed in recent international women’s hockey matches, including the 2016 Champions Trophy (CT) and 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro (OG), and to propose factors that lead to a successful penalty corner attack.MethodsThe study examined 204 cases of penalty corner attack (CT : 111, OG: 93) that occurred in 29 games of international women’s hockey matches (CT : 18, OG: 11); these were analysed with the chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsDifferences were observed with respect to the set play position ( &#967<sup>2</sup> = 19.091, <i>p</i> = 0.002), shooting point ( &#967<sup>2</sup> = 5.355, <i>p</i> = 0.021), and shooting direction ( &#967<sup>2</sup> = 22.831, <i>p</i> = 0.004). The binary logistic regression, used to determine factors influencing the score, revealed that the chance of scoring increased with the use of set play (<i>p</i> = 0.015). However, the chance of failing to score is higher if the shooter makes a pass instead of a direct shot (<i>p</i> = 0.023).ConclusionsWhen analysing factors that affect penalty corner goals in women’s hockey, a higher success rate for goalscoring was seen with set plays. However, the failure rate was higher when the shooter used a passing technique instead of direct shooting. Thus, a strategy focusing on a constructed set play rather than passing techniques around stoppers should be established to increase the success rate of goals.

The Art of Ambush Marketing:Indian Perspective

Ambush marketing, a term first coined by marketing guru Jerry Welsh, has not really been rigorously defined. However, it broadly refers a situation in which a company or product seeks ride on the publicity value of a major event without having contributed the financing of the event through sponsorship. It is typically targeted at major sporting events - like the Olympic Games or the world cups in various games - and is a strategy adopted by rivals of the official sponsors. Ambush Marketing is a marketing technique which involves riding on the coattails of a major event or campaign without actually paying for or participating in the sponsorship or event .It is a tactic that many vendors use get free promotion and compete with those vendors actually paying for the sponsorships and/or event without having dish out the big bucks themselves. Ambush marketing, a term first coined by marketing guru Jerry Welsh. The word ambush comes from French verb embuschier which means to place in a wood. However, it broadly refers a situation in which a company or product seeks ride on the publicity value of a major event without having contributed the financing of the event through sponsorship. It is typically targeted at major sporting events - like the Olympic Games or the world cups in various games - and is a strategy adopted by rivals of the official sponsors. The objectives of ambush marketing are two. First, get maximum returns on the marketing buck. Official sponsorship costs are forbiddingly high, even for deep-pocketed marketers, and simply unaffordable for others. The first instance where ambush marketing is believed have first occurred is at Los Angeles Olympics in 1984 where Fuji was the official sponsor of the games but Kodak sponsored the ABC broadcasting of the event and the official film of the US track team, thus ambushing Fuji .The second and more common reason: undermine the branding efforts of rivals by stealing the attention, increasing the clutter and confusing the viewers. The Pepsi hot air balloon flying above Sharjah, on the day of the Coca-Cola Cup final, is one such example. More recently, there is, for instance, the straight fight between Hero Honda, a global sponsor of the Champions Trophy which took place in Sri Lanka, and its rival TVS. TVS has, according industry experts, paid Rs 12 crore rope in cricketer Sachin Tendulkar as its brand ambassador for three years.

VIDEO ANALYSIS OF ACUTE INJURIES IN INTERNATIONAL FIELD HOCKEY

BackgroundInjury assessment is an essential part of injury prevention, but methods of injury recording vary between different kinds of sport and levels of competition.ObjectiveAnalysis of acute injuries in international field...

Do the Structures Used by International Hockey Coaches for Practising Field-Goal Shooting Reflect Game Centred Learning within a Representative Learning Design?

The 1997 rule change in field hockey that removed the offside rule was, arguably, a watershed moment in the evolution of the game. Previous research sought to establish how this rule change had affected the way field-goals were being scored and coaches' philosophies towards practising that component of hockey. The Federation of International Hockey (FIH) 2011 Men's Champions Trophy tournament provided an opportunity to revisit that research. Conclusions were that six of the seven team coaches observed at this tournament employed a game centred learning (GCL) design for practicing field-goal shooting (FGS) and these practices reflected a representative learning design (RLD). Video analysis of FGS supported the coaches' interpretations of the coupling of player perception and action processes in this skill. Overwhelmingly, but not totally, in the space of a little more than a decade, FGS practice, as observed by the author, had moved from drilling of skills in closed-skill contexts using command structures, to small-sided GCL practices reflective of a representative learning design.

Psychological Dimensions of Personality on Padmashree and Former Indian Hockey Captain Zafar Iqbal

The purpose of the present study is to highlight the valuable contribution of Mr. Zafar Iqbal for winning the last gold medal for India in the 1980 Moscow Olympics. He led the Indian team as a captain in various international eve nts, prominent among them were Asian Games in 1982, Champions trophy, 1983, and 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. He was honoured by carrying the Indian flag at the youth festival held in Moscow, and later at the opening ceremony of the Los Angeles Olympics. He received the prestigious Arjuna Award in 1983, the highest award given to a sports personality in India. Mr. Zafar Iqbal was recruited as subjects of the study. To find out the score of Arjuna Awardee Zafar Iqbal on Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. The NEO five-factor inventory scale was developed by Costa and McCrae (1991). Results have revealed that Mr.Zafar Iqbal scored average on neuroticism, extraversion and openness dimensions, and low on agreeableness and high on conscientiousness

Bowlers’ Performances in 2013 Champions Trophy

Cricket is becoming a fashionable team game throughout the world. One day internationals (ODI) have been able to bring more and more spectators to the cricket ground, due to the nature of its’ format. Among the ODI tournaments, the Champions trophy takes a significant place, as it is the second largest tournament after the global event of cricket world cup. This paper investigates the performances of the bowlers who appeared in the 2013 Champions trophy. The main aim of this study is to identify the bowlers’ characteristics which impact their performances. The kernel resampling technique (KRT) is implemented to analyze the collected sample (N=41) of the bowlers who played the Champions trophy in 2013. Findings of this study reveal that the bowlers’ prior economy rate and the height have influenced the performance significantly, while the handedness and the bowling style have not shown a statistical significance on their performances.

International Field Hockey Players Perform More High-Speed Running Than National-Level Counterparts

This study compared the activity profile of national and international male field hockey athletes. Sixteen players (mean (±SD) age, stature, and body mass: 22 ± 4 y, 178 ± 8 cm, and 78 ± 9 kg, respectively) competing in the national-level Australian Hockey League (AHL) and 16 players [mean (±SD) age, stature, and body mass: 27 ± 4 y, 179 ± 5 cm, and 77 ± 5 kg, respectively] competing in the international Champions Trophy (CT) tournament participated in this study. Global positioning systems assessed total distance (TD), meters per minute (m·min(-1)), and high-speed running distance (HSR; >4.17 m·s(-1)). Differences in multistage fitness test performance, movement between competition, positions, and halves were assessed using effect size and percent difference ±90% confidence intervals. The CT players had a 10.1% greater multistage fitness test, 13.9% and 42.0% more TD and HSR, respectively, than AHL. During CT, strikers performed 10.1 ± 7.4% less HSR than midfielders and 26.6 ± 8.2% more HSR than defenders. The AHL defenders covered less TD and HSR distance compared with strikers and midfielders (8.1 ± 3.6% and 8.4 ± 2.6%; 36.1 ± 11.1% and 51.5 ± 12.1%, respectively). The AHL strikers, midfielders, and defenders (19.9 ± 8.8%, 32.1 ± 7.9%, and 30.3 ± 10.7%, respectively), all performed less HSR distance than their CT counterparts. Finally, TD decreased from the first to second halves across all positions (6.1-7.5%) in both competitions. International competition increases the running profile of hockey players, with greater HSR at the elite level and positional differences including decreased running during the second half in both competitions.

GPS Analysis of an International Field Hockey Tournament

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of multiple games on exercise intensity during a world-class hockey tournament. 15 players (mean±SD age 27±4 y, stature 179±5 cm, body mass 77±5 kg, and estimated VO2 64.2±3.1 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) competing in the Champions Trophy (CT). Global-positioning systems assessed total distance (TD), low-speed activity (LSA; 0.10-4.17 m/s), and high-speed running (HSR; >4.17 m/s) distance. Differences in movement demands (TD, LSA, HSR) between positions and matches were assessed using the effect size and percent difference±90% confidence intervals. Two levels of comparison were made. First, data from subsequent matches were compared with match 1, and, second, data from each match compared with a tournament average (TA). In all matches, compared with game 1, midfielders performed less HSR distance. However, the amount of HSR did not decrease as the tournament progressed. When compared with the TA, defenders showed more variation in each match. All positions showed lower movement outputs when the team won by a large margin. It was possible for elite team-sport athletes to maintain exercise intensity when playing 6 matches in a period of 9 days, contrary to the only other investigation of this in elite male field hockey.

Team selection after a short cricket series

The selection of a cricket team cannot be fair unless the best available performance measures are used. The traditional batting average can be very unrealistic, especially in the case of a small number of scores with a high proportion of not out scores. In the present study the focus is on using the most suitable measures for the selection of a team after a small number of matches had been played. Provision is made for the fact that match conditions may influence the scoring rate of batsmen. These measures are used for illustration purposes to select a team from the players who played in the International Cricket Council (ICC) Champions Trophy 2009 One-Day International (ODI) Series. It is shown how an integer programming method can be used for the selection process. The approach is that a well balanced cricket team should include different kinds of specialists, namely batsmen, bowlers, all-rounders and a wicket-keeper. A selection committee may be able to rank batsmen in order of batting ability and bowlers according to bowling ability, but when it comes to all-rounders it is not so simple. The fact that an all-rounder is, by definition, a good batsman and also a good bowler, makes it difficult to rank all-rounders. Furthermore, how many of each specialist type should be selected? The purpose of this paper is to show how integer optimisation, an objective scientific method, can be used to aid in selecting a cricket team. Guidelines are also given for the selection of a team if career performance data have to be used.