Champion's Health Belief Model Research Articles

Factors associated with psychological distress during genetic counseling in high-risk women with breast cancer in Turkey.

This study aims to shed light on the rather neglected area of research of psychological distress in women facing genetic counselling in Turkey, where few institutions providing such counselling exist. 105 breast cancer patients presenting for genetic testing completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire as well as validated structured questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S/T) and the Health Motivation Sub-dimension of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. 69.5% of the participants had lost a family member from cancer; 80% said the term "cancer" elicited negative thoughts (e.g., death, fear, and incurable disease). 62.9% and 37.1% attributed cancer to stress or sorrow, and genetic susceptibility, respectively. There was a negative association between health motivation and BDI scores (r:-0.433, p < 0.001). Married individuals had higher BDI and STAI-S scores (p = 0.001, p = 0.01 respectively), as well as lower STAI-T scores (p = 0.006). BDI, STAI-S and STAI-T scores were higher in those refusing genetic testing (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.003 respectively) and those with metastases (p = 0.03, p = 0.01, p = 0.03 respectively). Furthermore, individuals with low health motivation were more likely to exhibit high BDI scores (p < 0.001) and low STAI-T scores (p = 0.02). Common perceptions and beliefs about cancer and genetic testing during genetic counselling were found to have a negative impact on distress in high-risk women with breast cancer. The negative relationship between psychological distress and health motivation may reduce patients' compliance with genetic counselling recommendations. A comprehensive psychological evaluation should be considered as an important part of genetic counselling.

Association between sociodemographic factors and health beliefs related to breast cancer screening behavior among Northern Thai women: a hospital-based study

Early diagnosis of breast cancer is crucial for reducing mortality rates. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of demographics/social determinants of health on beliefs about the practice of self-breast examination, using mammogram and ultrasound in the context of breast cancer screening among Thai women in a hospital-based setting for implying program planning and future research. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two health centers in Chiang Mai Province from August 2021 to December 2021, involving 130 Thai women ages 40 to 70 years. Data were collected by a survey using a questionnaire to gather sociodemographic information, and health beliefs about breast cancer and screening behavior utilizing the modified Thai version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (MT-CHBMS). Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression models were employed for examining association between sociodemographic factors and health beliefs about the practice of self-breast examination (BSE), using mammogram (MG) and ultrasound (UTS). Health insurance schemes were associated with Benefit-MG, Barrier-BSE, Barrier-MG and Barrier-UTS subscales. Additionally, monthly income was associated with Barrier-MG and Barrier-UTS subscales. The most common barriers reported were “embarrassment”, “worry”, and “takes too much time”. To enhance breast cancer screening in Thailand, program planning and future research should focus on health insurance schemes, especially women with social security schemes, as they may be the most appropriate target group for intervention.

Effect of monthly reminders by telephone message on women's beliefs and practice behaviours regarding breast self-examination: A randomized controlled study.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of monthly telephone message reminders after training on women's beliefs and practice behaviours regarding breast self-examination. This randomized controlled study was conducted with 83 women aged 20-69 years living in Turkey between September 2021 and July 2022. Women were randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention (n = 41) or control group (n = 42), both groups received online breast self-examination training, and the intervention group received monthly reminders on their mobile phones for 3 months. Participants completed the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale and breast self-examination practice evaluation form at baseline and 3 months after intervention. After the intervention, the mean scores of the benefits and self-efficacy subscales of Champion's Health Belief Model Scales were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group, and the mean score of barriers was lower. The rate of performing breast self-exam regularly and at the appropriate time was higher in the intervention group. The rate of forgetting to perform breast self-examination was higher in control group. A monthly reminder message may be recommended to increase women's belief in breast self-examination and increase regular practice.

An investigation of the relationship between female university students’ breast cancer risk factors and their health beliefs about breast self-examination

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between female university students’ breast cancer risk factors and their health beliefs about breast self-examination (BSE).Methods: The sample of this descriptive and correlational study was 389 female students who were determined by stratified sampling method. Data were collected through the Socio-demographic Characteristics and Breast Cancer Risk Factors Determination Form and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). Data obtained from the study were analysed using SPSS for Windows 16.0 program. Data analysis was performed using percentage distributions, z test, and Spearman correlation analysis. Statistical significance was accepted p&lt;0.05.Results: While a positive correlation was detected between students’ perceived breast cancer risk for themselves and perceivedsusceptibility, severity, benefit, self-efficacy related to BSE and health motivation mean scores, a negative and significant correlationwas detected with perceived barriers to BSE mean score (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: Results showed that although female university students had some risk factors in terms of breast cancer, they have low levels of perceived risk factors for themselves.

Practice, confidence and continuity of breast self-examination among women in Thailand during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveBreast self-examination (BSE) is the most feasible screening tool compared with clinical breast examination and mammography. It is crucial to address the associated factors of practising BSE to develop a...

Testing the validity of a new scale designed to assess beliefs and perceptions about colorectal cancer and colorectal cancer screening in Malaysia: a principal component analysis

ObjectiveTo conduct a cultural adaptation and validation of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening (CHBMS-CRC-M) in order to assess and investigate perceptions and beliefs...

Mevsimlik Tarım İşçisi Erkeklerin Testis Kanserine Yönelik Sağlık İnançlarının ve Testis Kanseri Erken Tanı Davranışlarının İncelenmesi

Background: One of the most effective methods of early detection of testicular cancer is applying testicular self examination. This study was conducted to determine the testicular cancer health beliefs and testicular cancer early diagnosis behaviors of young adult male seasonal agricultural workers. Materials and Methods: The study was of descriptive type and its sample consisted of 300 individu-als. Data were collected using Champion's Health Belief Model Scale in Testicular Cancer Screening and descriptive information form. In the analysis of the data, t-test and chi-square test were per-formed in independent groups. Results: It was determined that 6.3% of the individuals did at least one testicular self-examination during their lifetime and the total mean score of the health belief model scale was 15.39 ± 4.62. Conclusions: It is seen that the rate of individuals doing testicular self-examination and their health beliefs are not at the preferred level. For this reason, awareness studies should be carried out on testicular cancer and its early diagnosis. Key Words: Testicular cancer, Testicular self-examination, Seasonal agricultural worker

Validity and Reliability of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Validity and Reliability of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Validity and Reliability of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Validity and Reliability of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Correlation Between Family Functioning and Health Beliefs in Patients with Stroke in Beijing, China.

To explore the relationship between family functioning and health beliefs in patients with stroke. A total of 253 patients with stroke were selected from Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2021 to November 2021. All patients were of Chinese nationality, and 240 valid questionnaires were obtained. The Family Assessment Device and Champion's Health Belief Model Scale were used to collect patients' family functioning and health beliefs information, and correlation analysis was used to analyse it. The total score for family functioning in patients with stroke was 130.5 (22). The highest mean score was 2.46 for behaviour control, and the lowest score was 2.00 for total function. The items were ranked from high to low in this order: behaviour control, emotional response, role, communication, emotional intervention, problem solving and total function. The total score of the patients' health beliefs was 116 (33), The items were ranked from high to low in this order: were self-efficacy, health motivation, perceived benefit, susceptibility, severity and perceived impairment. The scores for family functioning were negatively correlated with the total scores for health beliefs (P < 0.05). Stroke can reduce the self-care ability of the patients and aggravate the burden of family care. This can lead to abnormal function roles for patients and their families, emotional reactions in patients with stroke and weaker levels of family functioning. The health beliefs scores of patients with stroke were at the middle level, and family functioning was at the general level. There was a negative correlation between the family functioning score and the total score for health beliefs in patients with stroke.

147 A Digital Approach to Syphilis Infection Prevention

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The goal of this study is to explore the effectiveness of a digital health education curriculum aimed at increasing syphilis beliefs and screening behavior among young African American females residing in Jefferson County, AL. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study Population: African American, cis-gender women, aged 18-29, who reside in Jefferson County, AL Sample Size: N = 50 Measurements: 1) Champion Health Belief Model scale adapted for measuring syphilis perceptions and syphilis screening behavior Analysis Plan: IBM SPSS Statistics 29 will be used to analyze intervention data. Pre-and post-intervention data will be analyzed to calculate a screening request rate for each period. We will use Cohen’s D effect sizes to measure screening requests rate differences post intervention completion. The small sample size and exploratory nature of this project make the descriptive statistics valuable. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that the digital syphilis prevention intervention will positively influence participants’ beliefs regarding syphilis and their syphilis screening behaviors. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Innovative preventive approaches to reducing syphilis disease spread is a national priority as rates have risen annually throughout the last decade. African American women experience the greatest disease burdens associated with syphilis. This study leverages tailored strategies to effectively address this ailment in the target population.

Validity and Reliability of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale to Measure Beliefs in Breast Self-Examination Practices in Vietnamese Women

Objective: The purpose of this study was to translate, adjust and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Champion's Health Belief Model scale, so as to measure the beliefs of self-examination practices of Vietnamese women. Material and Methods: The adaptation and psychometric characteristics test of the Vietnamese HBM scale was performed, with 40 participants, from October 2021 to June 2022. Of these, 10 women were initially randomized to adjust the translation version, and 30 women were to evaluate the reliability of the scale. The content value of the scale is measured by the opinion of 5 experts. Reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha, while An estimation of stability is commonly assessed by a test–retest reliability analysis (ICC). Result: The Vietnamese version of the Health Belief Model scale (V-HBMS) demonstrated good content validity, with the Items content validity index (I-CVI) score for all 42 items&gt; 0.79. Internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha ranges from .715 to .954 and the reliability of the ICC re-test ranged from .954-.000 (p-value = 0.000) determined with good results. Conclusion: The Vietnamese version of the Health Belief Model scale can be considered a valid tool to survey the belief of Vietnamese women in the implementation of breast self-examination behavior.

Predictive Model of Functional Exercise Compliance of Patients with Breast Cancer Based on Decision Tree.

Regular functional exercise can help recover the functions of upper limb for patients with breast cancer. By finding the influencing factors of functional exercise compliance and constructing a predictive model, patients with a poor functional exercise compliance can be better identified. This study aims to find out the factors influencing the functional exercise compliance of patients with breast cancer and build a predictive model based on decision tree. Convenience sampling was used at two tertiary hospitals in Shantou from August 2020 to March 2021. Data of patients with breast cancer patient was obtained from questionnaires and based on demographics, Constant-Murley Score, Functional Exercise Compliance Scale for Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients, Champion Health Belief Model Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, Disease Perception Questionnaire and Family Care Index Questionnaire. Possible influencing factors of functional exercise compliance were analyzed using correlation analysis as well as univariate and binary logistic regression analysis through SPSS v25, and a CHAID decision tree was used to construct a predictive model on training, validation and test sets via SPSS Modeler v18 at a ratio of 6:2:2. Prediction accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC were used to analyze the efficacy of the predictive model. A total of 227 valid samples were collected, of which 145 were assessed with a poor compliance (63.9%). According to a logistic regression analysis, perceived benefits, time after surgery and self-efficacy were influencing factors. The prediction accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the predictive model, based on a CHAID decision tree analysis, were 70.73%, 57.1%, 77.8% and 0.81 respectively. The predictive model, based on a CHAID decision tree analysis, had a moderate predictive efficacy, which could be used as a clinical auxiliary tool for clinical nurses to predict patients' functional exercise compliance.

Prediction of Breast Self-Examination Behavior Among Omani Undergraduate Students Using Champion's Health Belief Model.

Breast cancer (BC) is a most common and frequently occurring malignancy of women worldwide. Breast self-examination (BSE) is important for the early detection and prevention of BC and to limit the morbidity and mortality. Young students are ideal people to understand and motivate other women to perform BSE. BSE behavior of undergraduate students was predicted using Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. This study was conducted in all nine colleges of Sultan Qaboos University, , Oman. Three-hundred eighty-one female undergraduate students were selected through convenient sampling technique. The health belief towards BSE was predicted using CHBMS. The mean and SD of beliefs about the benefits of performing BSE showed 10.84 and 3.2, respectively. Mean and SD of confidence in performing BSE indicated 56.24 and 10.8. Likewise, the mean and SD of barriers in performing BSE are 13.58 and 4.2. Source of information is found to be a statistically significant predictor of barrier in performing BSE at p < .05. If the self- confidence of women in performing BSE improves, the women will uptake BSE more frequently thereby they can be prevented from developing the adverse consequences of advanced stages of breast cancer.

Hemşirelik Öğrencileri ve Annelerinin Sağlık İnançları ve Kendi Kendine Meme Muayene Davranışları: Karşılaştırmalı Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of undergraduate education on nursing students and their mothers' health beliefs and breast self-examination (BSE) behaviors. Material and Methods: In this comparative and cross-sectional survey, the population of the study consisted of a total of 438 participants; including 219 volunteer students studying at the third and senior-year nursing students, and 219 their mothers. The data was collected using a questionnaire and Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. The data was collected by face-to-face interviews with the students in the classroom and by talking to the mothers on the phone. Results: It is the effective mothers' on performing BSE, students' BSE is 2.34-fold, and mothers' self-efficacy is 4.16-times, and mothers' perform regular BSE is 3.31-fold on students' perform BSE. The students' perception of barriers to performing the BSE was lower and their self‐efficacy and health motivation were higher, and their mothers' levels of perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers scores were significantly higher. Conclusion: It was determined that students did not inform their mothers about breast cancer and BSE at the expected level, and students and their mothers mostly did not practice BSE and BSE was affected by their health beliefs.

Barriers to Mammography Screening among Black Women at a Community Health Center in South Florida, USA.

In the United States (US), Black/African American women suffer disproportionately from breast cancer health disparities with a 40% higher death rate compared to White women. Mammography screening is considered a critical tool in mitigating disparities, yet Black women experience barriers to screening and are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative frequency of mammography screening and to examine perceived and actual barriers to screening among women who receive care in our nurse-led community health center. We conducted a survey examining frequency of mammography screening and beliefs about breast cancer including perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers to mammography screening, guided by the Champion Health Belief Model. A total of 30 Black/African American women completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 54.3 years ± 9.17 (SD); 43.3% had a high school education or less; 50% had incomes below $60,000 per year; 26.7% were uninsured; 10% were on Medicaid; and only 50% were working full-time. We found that only half of the participants reported having annual mammograms 16 (53.3%), 1 (3.3%) every 6 months, 8 (26.6%) every 2-3 years, and 5 (16.7%) never had a mammogram in their lifetime. Frequently cited barriers included: 'getting a mammogram would be inconvenient for me'; 'getting a mammogram could cause breast cancer'; 'the treatment I would get for breast cancer would be worse than the cancer itself'; 'being treated for breast cancer would cause me a lot of problems'; 'other health problems would keep me from having a mammogram'; concern about pain with having a mammogram would keep me from having one; and not being able to afford a mammogram would keep me from having one'. Having no health insurance was also a barrier. This study found suboptimal utilization of annual screening mammograms among low-income Black women at a community health center in Florida and women reported several barriers. Given the high mortality rate of breast cancer among Black/African American women, we have integrated a Patient Navigator in our health system to reduce barriers to breast cancer screening, follow-up care, and to facilitate timely access to treatment, thus ultimately reducing breast cancer health disparities and promoting health equity.

Determine knowledge and belief of Somalian young women about breast cancer and breast self-examination with champion health belief model: a cross-sectional study

Breast cancer (BC) is an important reason for mortality rates in Somalian women. In Somalia, many women are late in applying to the hospital for the diagnosis of BC. Breast self-examination (BSE) is considered an important early detection method for BC in encouraging women to learn to practice BSE, especially for women in developing countries. This study purposed to determine knowledge, and belief of BC and BSE and BSE practice among women in Mogadishu, Somalia using the champion health belief model (CHBM). This cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 women who were between 18 and 49 years of age. The data were collected by using sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, education level, income status), Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS), and an introductory questionnaire with questions about BC and BSE and between October 2020 and January 2021 in Mogadishu, Somalia. Further descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis analysis test were used to assess data that were not normally distributed. Average age of participants was 22 ± 11.21 years. Only 35.4% of participants had information about BC, 37.8% had heard about BSE before, 25.2% knew BSE, and only 17.2% had done it. Income status, marital status, and age of first birth family were significantly associated with perceived sensitivity, health motivation, convenience, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy for BSE. Overall, the total scores of CHBMS were significantly higher among those who had heard and knowledge about BSE and practiced clinical breast examination (CBE). For the sub-dimensions of perceived sensitivity, health motivation, perceived benefits, barrier, and self-efficacy BSE with hearing about BSE, practicing BSE, knowing to practice BSE, knowing early detection methods of BC and practice CBE significant differences were observed (P < 0.005). This study showed that BSE practice among Somalian women was very low, and they don't have sufficient knowledge about BSE and BC. Furthermore, this study revealed that many CHBMS significantly related to BSE practice in Somalian women, suggesting that BSE health education programs with CHBMS.

The validity and reliability of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale for screening breast cancer behaviours in occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common cancer in Palestinian women. Breast self-examination and mammography screening are important tools to detect tumours early and improve survival. Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) is a self-report instrument that can help in detecting beliefs and behaviours. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of CHBMS to assess the beliefs and behaviours of Palestinian women in West Bank, occupied Palestinian Territory, towards screening and health education programmes for early detection of breast cancer. MethodsThe English version of the CHBMS questionnaire was translated into Arabic and revised by two bilingual experts. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic questions relating to the following eight subscales: susceptibility to breast cancer (three items), seriousness of breast cancer (seven items), benefits of breast self-examination (six items), barriers to performing examinations (nine items), and confidence in performing examinations (ten items), health motivation (seven items), and benefits of (six items) and barriers to (nine items) performing mammography. A qualitative pilot with ten different women was performed to assess the clarity of the translated CHBMS and its appropriateness to the local context. We then did a cross-sectional study in which all attendees to the main Palestinian Ministry of Health screening clinics in the north, middle, and south of West Bank from Oct 1 to Dec 30, 2016, were asked to be interviewed by telephone. Respondents gave verbal consent to participate. Varimax rotation was used to extract factors with 0·40 loading or greater. The items for breast self-examination and the mammography screening scales were considered separately; 42 items related to breast self-examination were loaded on six subscales and the 15 items related to mammography screening were loaded on two subscales. The internal consistency of each subscale was tested using Cronbach's α and no increase of more than 0·1 if any item was deleted. All analyses were done with SPSS version 22. Results444 interviews were completed. The items “if someone developed [breast cancer], she would not live longer than 5 years” and “Doing [breast self-examination] will make me worry” did not meet any subscale loading criterion. The item “I don’t feel I can do [breast self-examination] correctly” loaded on the confidence subscale instead of being categorized as a barrier to breast examination. The five items referring to mammography screening benefits and the eight items referring to mammography screening barriers loaded to their respective two subscales. Internal consistency for each breast self-examination subscale was acceptable to high: benefits (Cronbach's α=0·931), barriers (0·624) and confidence (0·923), susceptibility (0·941), seriousness (0·786) and health motivation (0·595). The internal consistency for the mammography screening benefits and barriers were good (Cronbach's α=0·668 and 0·640, respectively). InterpretationThe study supports the use of CHBMS as a tool with potential to measure beliefs and behaviours related to breast self-examination and mammography screening among Palestinian women. Improved understanding of these factors will lead to development of more effective educational programmes. FundingNone.

Psychometric properties of the Romanian version of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale for breast self-examination

This study set out to translate Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale and to test its properties on a Romanian sample. The study included 502 participants. The structural validity, convergent validity, criterion validity and reliability were evaluated for the Romanian version. The exploratory factor analysis highlighted six factors. The confirmatory factor analysis upheld the correctness of the six-subscale model as presenting a good fit for the 34-item version. Convergent validity was supported by the fact that the constructs included in the model correlated significantly with similar constructs evaluated using other questionnaires. In terms of criterion validity, those women who perceived fewer barriers and more cues to action and had greater self-efficacy practiced more frequent breast self-examination. α Cronbach coefficients ranged between .74 and .87 and test-retest correlation coefficients for the six subscales fell between .47 and .69. The Romanian version of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale is valid and reliable tool.

Evaluation of the use of breast cancer screening methods among female patients through Champion Health Belief Model Scale

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate use of breast cancer screening methods by women in our society and the affecting factors.&#x0D; Material and Method: 281 women aged 40 and over were included in the study. A sociodemographic data form, Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form and the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale were administered to the participants through face-to-face interview technique.&#x0D; Results: It was found that most of the participants knew the breast cancer screening methods but used the screening methods at a low rate. The main reason affecting their use of screening methods was whether there was a complaint or not. The rate of mammography was found to be significantly higher among those who performed breast self-examination (p=0.011). When the Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale form was examined, it was found that the participants got the highest points from the self-efficacy subscale of breast self-examination, and the lowest points from the perceived susceptibility subscale. &#x0D; Conclusion: It was observed that the use of any screening method and breast cancer risk factors affected health beliefs regards to the use of screening methods.