IT Challenges Research Articles

The Paradoxes of Digital Tools in Hospitals: Qualitative Interview Study.

Digital tools are progressively reshaping the daily work of health care professionals (HCPs) in hospitals. While this transformation holds substantial promise, it leads to frustrating experiences, raising concerns about negative impacts on clinicians' well-being. The goal of this study was to comprehensively explore the lived experiences of HCPs navigating digital tools throughout their daily routines. Qualitative in-depth interviews with 52 HCPs representing 24 medical specialties across 14 hospitals in Switzerland were performed. Inductive thematic analysis revealed 4 main themes: digital tool use, workflow and processes, HCPs' experience of care delivery, and digital transformation and management of change. Within these themes, 6 intriguing paradoxes emerged, and we hypothesized that these paradoxes might partly explain the persistence of the challenges facing hospital digitalization: the promise of efficiency and the reality of inefficiency, the shift from face to face to interface, juggling frustration and dedication, the illusion of information access and trust, the complexity and intersection of workflows and care paths, and the opportunities and challenges of shadow IT. Our study highlights the central importance of acknowledging and considering the experiences of HCPs to support the transformation of health care technology and to avoid or mitigate any potential negative experiences that might arise from digitalization. The viewpoints of HCPs add relevant insights into long-standing informatics problems in health care and may suggest new strategies to follow when tackling future challenges.

Future research directions of information technology investment: a systematic literature review

Research aims: This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on IT investment to answer the following research questions: 1) What are the current trends and future research directions in IT investment research? 2) What are the benefits and challenges of IT investments?Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors collected 57 published articles from the Scopus database and analyzed them using a hybrid approach that integrates the principles of structured review and bibliometric analysis.Research findings: Four current research trends have been observed in information technology investment: (1) IT investment, (2) sustainability development, (3) costs, and (4) profitability. The benefits of IT investment have become the primary driver of innovation, profitability, competitiveness, and performance within a business. IT investment has a negative effect in a stable environment, and companies with low levels of IT investment may be forced to choose between expanding revenue and reducing expenses.Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study used a structured literature review and bibliometric analysis. The authors present a new method of reviewing literature that provides a more focused and comprehensive view of future research.Practitioner/Policy implication: Three practical contributions are provided: (1) identifying trends and directions of IT investment research, (2) revealing the benefits and challenges of IT investment, and (3) integrating the principles of structured review and bibliometric analysis.Research limitation/Implication: It only used data from the Scopus database, which may not encompass all relevant articles on the topic of IT investment. Additionally, the study only selected articles written in English, potentially overlooking articles written in other languages. There is also a potential subjectivity in the content analysis process and in naming each cluster.

IT-ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ КАК КЛЮЧЕВОЙ ФАКТОР ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В РОССИИ

This review article analyzes the role of IT education in the context of the development of the digital economy in Russia. She discusses the current state of IT education, identifies problems and challenges facing the industry, and suggests strategies for the development of education in the field of information technology. The authors consider examples of successful practices and offer a conclusion on the importance of integrating IT education into general education and higher education systems to ensure the sustainable development of the digital economy.

A Review of Data Mining, Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning Approaches

The phenomenon of economic globalization has led to the swift advancement of industries across diverse domains. Consequently, big data technology has garnered increasing interest. The generation of network data is occurring at an unparalleled pace, necessitating the intelligent processing of vast amounts of data. To fully leverage the value inherent in this data, the implementation of machine learning techniques is imperative. The objective of machine learning in a vast data setting is to identify particular rules that are concealed within dynamic, variable, multi-origin heterogeneous data, with the ultimate aim of maximizing the value of the data. The integration of big data technology and machine learning algorithms is imperative in order to identify pertinent correlations within intricate and dynamic datasets. Subsequently, computer-based data mining can be utilized to extract valuable research insights. The present study undertakes an analysis of deep learning in comparison to conventional data mining and machine learning techniques. It conducts a comparative assessment of the strengths and limitations of the traditional methods. Additionally, the study introduces the requirements of enterprises, their systems and data, the IT challenges they face, and the role of Big Data in an extended service infrastructure. This study presents an analysis of the probability and issues associated with the utilization of deep learning, including machine learning and traditional data mining techniques, in the big data analytics context.

The Role of Business Model Innovation in the IT Services Sector: a Comprehensive Mapping Review

Purpose: The study analyzes the evolution of Business Model Innovation (BMI) in the IT sector, which is mentioned in many available scientific publications. The major output of this paper is concrete customer requirements that invite business model innovations to managed IT services and challenges to establish corresponding business model innovations.
 Design/Method/Approach: The study identified more than 200 journal articles and conference articles with BMI and IT service providers, and it conducted a mapping review of current research to identify relevant academic theories, implementation strategies, and BMI in the managed IT service sector while highlighting gaps in empirical research.
 Findings: Most applied are BMI and the framework of dynamic capabilities in business models of IT services. Early movers, who develop a comprehensive platform strategy, can achieve an invulnerable moat and establish a leading market position.
 Practical Implications: The insights of this study could be applied by large companies, small- and medium-sized companies and start-ups, researchers, etc. They can use the insights to innovate their current business models and improve tailored client solutions. 
 Originality/Value: The study concludes that business model innovations and IT service providers develop areas for future success.
 Research Limitations/Future Research: The design of the study is based on a systematic literature review and limited to the areas of BMI research in the IT service sector. For further research projects, individual articles can be chosen to perform in-depth analysis. Our trend analysis shows the focus on main technologies. However, this can be compared with the technologies mentioned in the Gartner Hype Cycle. Further research could be conducted to overcome limitations and cover the uncertain content of this research.
 Paper Type: Conceptual
 JEL Classification: M21, O14, O33

Motivating innovative education methods with hackathon attendance

ABSTRACT Hackathon has been growing and taking various industries by storm thanks to its flexibility and ability to fit into them. It has been proven successful and helpful in solving different IT and non-IT challenges. They also serve as an intriguing educational and networking tool, encouraging people to pursue innovative studies and activities. However, a hackathon is like a two-edged sword with its downsides – it requires significant investment and can fail if mismanaged. It is critical to recruit and gather participants suitable to face a particular technological or non-technological challenge and to motivate a group to perform innovative action and benefit from the learning-by-doing approach. This paper identifies 21 reasons to attend hackathons backed by existing research and presents a study conducted on 109 hackathon participants that help to score, rank and explain those attributes. Results have proven the importance of challenge and networking over monetary prizes and glory.

What is Cloud computing Benfits and challenges of Cloud

Cloud computing provides on-demand delivery of computer resources ranging from, compute, data storage, networking, software, and other IT services over the internet in exchange for pay as you go billing model. The study discusses various types of cloud computing available, cloud computing advantages, cloud computing implementation models, cost-effective IT solution, IT service agility, challenges, and features of cloud computing in this growing digital world.
 Keywords: cloud, data storage, compute, digital, on-demand billing model.

Optimizing Relay Sensors in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks: A Biologically Inspired Approach

In recent years, tremendous advances in communication technologies coupled with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the emergence of the Big Data phenomenon. Big Data is one of the big IT challenges of the current decade. The amount of data produced is constantly increasing and makes it more and more difficult to process. Managing these masses of data requires the use of new data management systems with efficient access methods. Considered as one of the main sources of Big Data, wireless sensors used in networks offer a credible solution to the problem of Big Data management, especially its collection. Several solutions for Big Data collection based on large-scale wireless sensor networks (LS-WSN) are proposed, taking into account the nature of the applications. The hierarchical architecture is the one used for the deployment of these applications. In such an architecture, relay sensors play an important role in finding the balance of the network and maximizing its lifetime. In most LS-WSN applications, once deployed, the LS-WSN does not provide a mechanism to evaluate and improve the positions of the initially deployed relay sensors. This paper proposes, based on the growth model of physarum polycephalum and its ability to prune unnecessary links and retain only those deemed useful for food routing, a mechanism for evaluating and optimizing relay sensors in LS-WSNs. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach significantly improves the network lifetime compared to the initial deployment and that can be a useful approach for LS-WSNs dedicated to Big Data collection. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is demonstrated by experimental results in terms of connectivity and network lifetime.

Evaluation of cross-protection between S. Pneumoniae serotypes 35B and 29 in a mouse model

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced vaccine-type pneumococcal disease but in turn have also resulted in replacement with non-vaccine serotypes. One such serotype, 35B, a multidrug resistant type, has been associated with an increase in disease.Mice were immunized intramuscularly with monovalent pneumococcal polysaccharide 35B conjugated to CRM197 containing aluminum phosphate adjuvant on days 0, 14, and 28. Pneumococcal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, opsonophagocytic killing assays, and competition OPA were performed for STs 35B and 29 to measure serotype-specific binding and functional antibodies. On day 52, mice were intratracheally challenged with S. pneumoniae ST29 to evaluate cross-protection.35B-CRM197 immunized mice had binding and functional antibodies to both PnPs 35B and 29. 35B-CRM197 immunized mice were 100% protected from IT challenge with S. pneumoniae ST29 as compared to 30% survival in the naïve group.Future vaccines containing polysaccharide 35B, such as the investigational 21-valent PCV, V116, may provide cross protection against the non-vaccine serotype 29 due to structural similarity.

Infiltration of new technologies into the Hungarian evidence law relating to civil cases

The article covers the topic of what challenges the Hungarian evidentiary system has faced in recent years in civil cases, primarily from the direction of information technology. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the responses received from the legislator and where this did not resolve some issues, what kind of challenge this posed for judicial practice. It also provides a brief description of some legal cases where Hungarian courts responded to IT challenges. It confronts the reader with the problems that are still unsolved or are expected to appear in the near future. In the latter area, it is primarily about the questions raised by artificial intelligence.

Cloud Computing: A Survey

Cloud computing is not a brand-new technology, but it is one of the newest technologies available today because of how much it has changed how data and services are managed. In order to function properly, cloud technology must be scalable, adaptable, extensible, and manageable in order to satisfy the objectives of enterprises. The major change in the computing environment that cloud computing has brought about is the relocation of the data center off-site to a third party and the decision to purchase services rather than directly manage on-site applications. By using it, businesses can save operational costs and concentrate on their core competencies rather than worrying about various IT challenges. Furthermore, the cloud offers genuine portability by making it possible to access programmers and files from any location in the globe using only inexpensive technology and the internet. This paper provides a concise overview of cloud computing by outlining its development, history, definition, and deployment models.

Work from Home – A Growing Trend in IT Companies Benefits, Drawbacks, Opportunities, and Challenges

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the threaten situation in the COVID-19 scenario and to know the benefits, drawbacks, opportunities, and challenges of trend work from home. It will be a golden opportunity for people who work from home in an organized way to enjoy with family and earn money together. Background: In past decades, lots of changes of working methods have occurred. These revolutionary changes are very useful and it is a need of time. Methods: This is a narrative review of literature compiling the findings of literature from searches of computerized databases, textbooks, and discussion with community. Discussion: The collected data from the literature review are presented into themes to get clear scenes and ideas. Some recommendations are discussed to use it in a proper way. Conclusion: This study identifies elements that affect workers' physical, mental, and emotional health and well-being while working from home, and it lays the groundwork for thinking about how to best support a pleasant work from home experience. As per ideas establish a routine, be organized, have a sufficient workspace, boost your productive work, be responsible, avoid lot of multitasking, enhance communication and network, be balanced, study remote research possibilities, and learn from issues.

Case study: Implementing the IT platform of the future in Copenhagen Airport

This paper describes in detail the journey that Copenhagen Airport (CPH) has embarked on towards the full replacement of the legacy core airport IT systems with a state-of-the-art, modern data platform supporting the high digital ambitions in its business strategy. It informs about the growing IT challenges requiring a radical approach, the bold vision for a ‘smart airport’, the strong organisational implementation setup and finally the details of the truly data-driven platform that has been developed as a result.

Gambling Reform and IT Challenges

Abstract The distinction between video games and games for gambling is becoming increasingly blurred with many video games giving items based on chance, for example daily draws and loot-boxes, writes Rune Rasmussen MBCS independent consultant in compliance and surveillance data analytics.

Towards Renewed Business-IT Alignment Models in the Digital Era

The long-standing debates over business-information technology (IT) alignment – fit, match or congruence between a firm’s strategy, organizational issues and IT challenges – are not closed among both professionals and academics. This paper, based on a state of art (theoretical and conceptual), analyses how digital transformation could affect the business (strategic)-IT alignment. It aims at providing a renewed framework of business-IT alignment in order to address the potential gaps between existing models and the current concern and future challenges of the digital transformation, in connection with new technologies particularly the development of data. It presents a first attempt to include data issues in business-IT alignment model.

EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEE RESILIENCE AMONG INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR EMPLOYEES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

COVID-19 had a global impact on most organizations’ operations and workforce, particularly with regard to safety, mobility, productivity, engagement, and security. The biggest challenge of IT companies face today is managing virtual work, while balancing employee safety with company security. They must sustain secured operations and adopt new collaborative strategies to maintain workforce productivity. Looking ahead, companies must make business resiliency a continuous process. This pandemic represents an opportunity for Companies to make rapid, well-informed decisions and expedite arrangements to safeguard their workforce, mitigate business disruption, and ensure that critical operations continue. An informed decision could build trust, resiliency, and a culture of innovation; a poor decision could pose a real reputational risk. To enable a more resilient business, IT organizations should focus on individual resilience and this individual resilience ensure resiliency of organisation. Therefore, the current research paper examines the effectiveness of resilience among IT sector employees and present the results. KEYWORDS: Employee Resilience, Productivity, Virtual Workforce, Sustainability, Strategy.

Norwegian in-service teachers’ perspectives on language corpora in teaching English

This study aims to explore potential reasons why the use of the tools and methods of corpus linguistics are not prevalent in English teaching in Norway, using the research question What do in-service English teachers in Norway find useful about corpora and what do they find challenging? The study provides interview data from in-service teachers, contributing to our understanding of the in-service perspective on corpora. The research design consists of teaching corpus use in seminars for in-service English teachers (featuring LancsLex, the concordancer AntConc and the OANC), integrated into a language course that is part of a further education programme, and semi-structured interviews with four of the students who took the course, during which they also interacted with Netspeak, SKELL and COCA. As with previous research, the in-service teachers found corpora particularly useful for teaching and learning vocabulary, and found challenges to use which are categorized here as usability (criticism of AntConc), IT challenges (a lack of IT skills among teachers), learner-corpus interaction challenges (the complexity of software and concordance lines for pupils; pupil uninterest in language), and lack of teacher need (mistakes being “obvious” to teachers in the lower years). The article discusses some implications of these findings.
 Keywords: English language teaching, pedagogical corpus application, corpora 
 
 

ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EV's): A NEW DIMENTIONAL CHANGE IN INDIA WITH IT's RELEVANCE & CHALLENGES

ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EV's): A NEW DIMENTIONAL CHANGE IN INDIA WITH IT's RELEVANCE & CHALLENGES

CLAP: A Cross-Layer Analytic Platform for the Correlation of Cyber and Physical Security Events Affecting Water Critical Infrastructures

Water CIs are exposed to a wide number of IT challenges that go from the cooperation and alignment between physical and cyber security teams to the proliferation of new vulnerabilities and complex cyber-attacks with potential disastrous consequences. Although novel and powerful solutions are proposed in the literature, most of them lack appropriate mechanisms to detect cyber and physical attacks in real time. We propose a Cross-Layer Analytic Platform (denoted as CLAP) developed for the correlation of Cyber and Physical security events affecting water CIs. CLAP aims to improve the detection of complex attack scenarios in real time based on the correlation of cyber and physical security events. The platform assigns appropriate severity values to each correlated alarm that will guide security analysts in the decision-making process of prioritizing mitigation actions. A series of passive and active attack scenarios against the target infrastructure are presented at the end of the paper to show the mechanisms used for the detection and correlation of cyber–physical security events. Results show promising benefits in the improvement of response accuracy, false rates reduction and real-time detection of complex attacks based on cross-correlation rules.

WITHDRAWN: A survey on cloud computing approaches

Finally, “infrastructure as a software” has taken form as a cloud computing, which has long been thought about. The greatest feeling in the field of computation today is this change of perspective. This should be viewed more than innovation as an advancement of current technology. The cloud's fundamental criteria include scalability, adaptability, extendability and manageability, to satisfy the diverse needs of corporate organizations. As the cloud infrastructure improvements in the code situation becomes more apparent, the data center is transferred offsite to a third party and sells software instead of running on-site programs directly. By utilizing it businesses will save money on running expenses, so instead of thinking about specific IT challenges, they will concentrate on the core market. In comparison, the true portability is offered by the Web via the Internet via generic hardware only to access software and documentation everywhere in the world. We also defined in this paper the core principles of cloud storage in brief so that readers may understand an important feature of the newly established technology. .