Chair Manufacturing Research Articles

Introduction of Digital Microscope and Near Eye Screens with Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Regular Dental Procedures

Usage of VR (Virtual Reality) in Dentistry is limited to patient wearing the viewer to see a video to calm oneself down while undergoing fearful dental procedures. But it was never worn by the dentist himself, to view and do the dental procedure. The main principle of the study is to increase the magnification of the restricted area of oral cavity using a digital microscope. Digital microscopes of 2 Megapixels and 5 Megapixels, were used by the authors to view dental procedures while doing through smartphone supported Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) glasses. It is important to note that using digital microscope in doing regular dental procedures viewing through AR/VR glasses were so far not reported. But we were careful in establishing the success of this new concept and are delighted to share for further advancement. At the same time, there are bottlenecks which are listed as limitations that can be further modified for success, which has to be developed by the manufacturers involved in research and manufacturing of dental equipments. Hence this article envisage the Dental Chair manufacturers should roll out every dental unit with built in maneuverable digital microscope, software and Near Eye Screen that will be a boon for the patient and the dentist.

Analysis of Operational Efficiency of Wooden Chair Manufacturing Companies in Serbia using DEA

This paper deals with the operational efficiency of companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs using selected statistical and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methods. Indicators that typically characterise the supply chain in the production of selected companies were taken as input and output variables for the DEA method. They included three input variables: inventories, material costs and production services costs and one output variable: company’s net profit. The obtained coefficients of correlation pointed to a high degree of correlation between the variables, which justified the performance of an efficiency analysis using the DEA method. The study included 12 companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs. The results of the conducted analyses show that only one company had a relatively satisfactory operational efficiency (efficiency coefficient of 0.83) for the nine-year period. All other companies, especially micro and small enterprises, had unsatisfactorily low operational efficiency. Micro enterprises had the lowest operational efficiency, with an efficiency coefficient of only 0.14. Small enterprises reached the value of 0.3, and large companies 0.67. Medium companies had the most favourable efficiency coefficient of up to 0.83.

Forensic Engineering Analysis of Common Failures and Inspection Procedures for Residential and Commercial Chairs

Chairs have been designed, manufactured, and used by humans for thousands of years. Eventually, all chairs wear out and fail. When someone is injured due to this failure, costly litigation can ensue. Forensic engineers are consulted to investigate the root cause of failure, and whether the mechanism of failure could have been detected prior to the accident to avoid injury. Materials used in chair manufacturing and several examples of failures are discussed in this paper. Industry safety standards and manufacturers’ guidelines are used as a basis for a proposed inspection and maintenance program for chair owners.

Design and evaluation of an alternative wheelchair control system for dexterity disabilities.

This work details the design and development of a novel 3D printed, modular alternative wheelchair control system for powered wheelchair users afflicted with dexterity inhibiting disorders, which mechanically interfaces directly with the installed standard joystick. The proposed joystick manipulator utilises an accelerometer for gesture control input processed by the Arduino microprocessor and a mechanical control interface, which sits over a standard installed two-axis proportional joystick, the preferential control system for most powered chair manufacturers. When fitted, this allows powered electric wheelchair users with limited dexterity, independent to navigate their wheelchair unassisted. The mechanical system has been selected so that the joystick manipulator is as universal as possible and can be installed to almost any powered wheelchair that uses a two-axis joystick. The design process and key aspects of the operation of the joystick manipulator are presented as well as field testing on a wheelchair conducted. The test results show that the proposed joystick manipulator is a successful system that can be universally fitted to most powered chairs and offers potentially greater independence for the powered wheelchair user.

Presence of Scandinavian design elements in chair manufacturing in Macedonia

Presence of Scandinavian design elements in chair manufacturing in Macedonia

Design and Testing of Low Cost Chair with Round Mortise and Tenon Joints

The present paper focuses on construction of school seats for developing countries from locally available resources using the local industry and low-end technology. Aim of the work is experimental assessment of mechanical properties of joints flexion in angular plane. Furthermore work considers assessment of joint firmness and comparison between various joint types. Paper encloses the review of various joint manufacturing designs (tenon and mortise), which were proposed for its suitable mechanical properties and simplicity of manufacturing. Designated joint type is easiest form of joint construction and technologically feasible for chair manufacturing. The joints were constructed from fir wood. Further the work introduces design of simple seat construction made from massive wood material manufactured by low-end technology with regards to achieving the due specifications. The task of this work is to design the viable manufacturing process of seats and chairs from raw wood and scrap material. Essential part of work is also manufacturing of seat prototype and simplified model of proposed mortise and tenon drill.

Do users desire symmetrical lumbar supports in task seating?

This research was designed to objectively investigate the desired low back (lumbar) support in a task chair; specifically by allowing a user to self-select the magnitude and location of support. An experimental chair built specifically for this study allowed the users to remotely adjust 35 diodes to achieve their desired level of support. Pressure mapping was used to measure the interface pressure at the user–seat back interface. It was determined that 73.8% of the 201 participants in this study, self-selected asymmetrical lower back support that was at least 20% greater on one side vs. the other. Additionally, 16.9% of the participants self-selected support on one side which was at least twice that of the other side. Contrary to popular practice, participants were found to prefer asymmetric support in the lower back region. It is anticipated that the culmination of this research will aid chair manufacturers in designing adaptable back rests. Practitioner Summary: Most current lumbar supports are designed to move vertically and to symmetrically increase or decrease in firmness as per a user’s adjustment. This investigation highlights that participants tended to select asymmetrical lumbar support, and as such, designers should consider providing lumbar supports that provide the desired support at appropriate locations.

Analysis of Chair’s Materials and the Wooden Chair Manufacturing Process

Starting from the material to classify chairs and their manufacturing process, and focus on analysis of the production process of wooden chairs, main processes points and equipment.

Implementation & Performance Analysis of Real Time Scheduling Algorithms for Three Industrial Embedded Applications (IEA)

It is essential necessity of embedded system to generate response or output within deadline. Various Scheduling algorithms are used for this purpose to enhance performance, accuracy and security of embedded system applications. These algorithms are either fixed or dynamic type, which are designed for various constraints. Real time scheduling algorithms are mainly depending on type of task i.e. either periodic or aperiodic or sporadic. Some real time scheduling algorithms like Pre-emptive & Non Preemptive, Round Robin Scheduling, &Time Slicing are few of the favourites for various embedded applications. The type of task and accordingly type of scheduling algorithm used for various applications out of which 3 are discussed in this paper as case studies and they are Watch making, Conveyor belts and chair manufacturing..

MARKET SEGMENT EVALUATION AND SELECTION BASED ON APPLICATION OF FUZZY AHP AND COPRAS-G METHODS

Market segment evaluation and selection is one of the critical marketing problems of all companies. This paper presents a novel approach which integrates fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and COPRAS-G method for market segment evaluation and selection. Fuzzy AHP is used to calculate the weight of each criterion, and COPRAS-G method is proposed to prioritize market segments from the best to the worst ones. The application of fuzzy set theory allows incorporating the vague and imprecise linguistic terms into the decision process. This study can be used as a pattern for market segment selection and future researches. A case study on a chair manufacturing company is put forward to illustrate the performance of the proposed methodology.

HIGH WYCOMBE’S FURNITURE INDUSTRY: FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE ‘80S

UDK 674.23(420)
 High Wycombe, a city located in the south-west of England, was the flagship of the furniture industry for the whole of the British Kingdom during the 19th century. Today, with the introduction of new materials and trends that would make furniture desirable, as well as the cost of cheap labor in Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe, this industrial sector has become a thing of the past. Today, only a few companies located in this city represent this sector.
 This paper documents the evolution of the High Wycombe furniture industry over time and reveals what caused the decline in the chair manufacturing sector. It also presents the impact of industrialization on the development of the furniture industry, historically traces the rise and fall of this sector at the local level, and shows what status this industry had in the seventies.

Determining the importance of the supplier selection process in manufacturing: a case study

This article investigates the importance of the supplier management process in the quality of the final product. A methodology is developed to analyze the variables involved in the supplier management process and it is illustrated with a case study of the chair manufacturing industry. Research results indicate that the supplier selection process appears to be the most significant variable as it helps in achieving high quality products and customer satisfaction. This paper shows the different analytical steps that arise naturally in the systematic categorization of variables for supplier management. Nine variables related to the supplier selection process were analyzed. Each of these variables was then evaluated through an experimental design using statistical information based on three factors, namely, quality, cost and productivity.

Global Approach to Good Design, A Team Effort

I work for a Norwegian company, which develops, manufactures and sell seating solutions for the active working human being. The company is over 50 years old, we have over 40% market share on our home market and we are one of the 10 biggest office chair manufacturers in Europe. We have been represented on the American Market for many years. I work in the product development department, where I participate in or head projects. I work closely with a number of different designers, and this is part of my professional life.

Meeting the Challenges of Restructuring

Italy's industrial districts have achieved great success in the post-war period, based on their tightly-knit disaggregated production systems spanning small firms specializing in different phases of the value chain. Where competitive strategies were focused on quality and innovation, rather than on minimizing production costs, the districts have flourished. This study examines the chair manufacturing district of Friuli, looking at how its “spontaneous” organization of production has been brought under severe competitive pressure, ancl the moves undeway to respond to these new global forces.

Sound absorption of occupied chairs as a function of chair design and audience clothing.

In 1989, a series of experiments was initiated at Riverbank Acoustical Laboratories to study the detailed relationships between chair design and audience absorption. Chairs were measured occupied and unoccupied. Many chairs were disassembled and tested as individual chair components to confirm specific correlations between design and data. Chair manufacturers responsed by redesigning chairs for further testing. Each series of tests was designed to minimize the number of experimental variables. An unupholstered reference chair provided a baseline for each series of occupied tests. The baseline measurements provide a means of comparing occupied chair measurements made with different occupants and/or changes of clothing. They also establish baseline absorption values for an audience in minimally absorptive chairs. Results of these occupied chair measurements show that differences in chair design are most highly correlated with data below 500 Hz, which ranged from 2 to 8 Sabins/person. Above 500 Hz, data ranged from 6 to 11 Sabins/person as a function of chair design and seasonal changes in occupants’ clothing. Results support the hypothesis that chair design and seasonal clothing are critical in concert halls and other rooms with low residual absorption. [Research supported by Irwin Seating, JG Seating and Country Roads.]

Development of a design support system for office chairs using 3-D graphics

This paper describes the research and development work done on a design support system intended for use as a support tool in designing office chairs. Subjective evaluations were conducted using the semantic differential (SD) method to examine the relationship between users' personal assessments of office chairs and design elements. The results obtained were then quantified by means of multivariate analysis and incorporated in a database. As a result, this system can indicate the design elements needed to create a given chair design. A chair design is output in a graphical representation in response to an adjective input. Because the graphical representation is composed of 3-D data, it is possible to display the design from any desired perspective and also perform shading and other operations. Relevance to industry Having access to quantified data on the relationship between chair designs and user evaluations is useful to office chair manufacturers in formulating design strategies. Because this design support system is based on such quantified data, it can also be a valuable tool in designing actual chairs. In addition, the graphic display capabilities using 3-D data and the design manipulation functions make it possible to conduct model simulations on a computer screen.