Chaetomorpha Aerea Research Articles

Marine macroalgae Chaetomorpha aerea as a dietary supplement: Optimizing immunity and resistance to Edwardsiella tarda in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

The intensification of aquaculture has led to a rise in fish infections, necessitating the search for alternative antibiotics. In this context, our study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Chaetomorpha aerea, a filamentous green algae, on the immune health and resistance to infections in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Diets containing varying concentrations of C. aerea (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 g/kg) were prepared and administered to the fish for 30 days, followed by a challenge with Edwardsiella tarda to evaluate survival rates. The results were significant. The diet containing 5 g/kg of C. aerea (group T3) brought about substantial improvements in hematological parameters, including increases in red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb). The T3 group exhibited a robust immune response, with higher lysozyme and ceruloplasmin activity in immunological assays. LBP gene expression was significantly elevated in the spleen and thymus of fish in the T3 group, which correlated with higher survival after bacterial challenge compared to the control group. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis confirmed that the 5 g/kg concentration stood out for maximizing immunological benefits without compromising the overall health of the fish. These findings highlight the robust immune response in the T3 group, a key finding of our study. We conclude that supplementation with C. aerea represents a promising and sustainable alternative in the formulation of diets for tilapia, contributing to improved health and resistance to diseases. Future studies are recommended to explore its application in other species and development stages, in addition to evaluating other health biomarkers.

Impact of Chaetomorpha aerea-enriched diet on growth, feed utilization, and haemato-immunological responses in Clarias batrachus challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

The bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, which causes motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS), is dangerous to aquaculture because it affects the fish's well-being and production. As the aquaculture industry seeks sustainable and effective methods to enhance fish immunity and growth, natural supplements such as marine algae have gained attention. This study explored the potential benefits of incorporating the green marine algae Chaetomorpha aerea into the fish diet, focusing on disease resistance, growth, feed utilization, and hematological and immunological responses. Five diets were prepared, varying concentrations of C. aerea (0 control, T1: 1 g/kg; T2: 2 g/kg: T3: 5 g/kg: and T4: 10 g/kg) and administered to fish over 30 days. Following the feeding trial, the fish were exposed to A. hydrophila, and their survival rates were observed for the next 14 days. The findings demonstrated that the final weight, weight gain, relative growth rate, specific growth rate, and daily growth rate were all positively impacted by a diet containing 5 g/kg of C. aerea. Additionally, fish in the 5 g/kg C. aerea group demonstrated improved feed conversion efficiency compared to the control group. While there were no significant changes in red and white blood cell counts on the initial day, serum lysozyme activity and overall resistance to infection were enhanced in fish receiving C. aerea at 2 and 5 g/kg. These results imply that C. aerea supplementation with fish supplements may be a useful immunostimulant, boosting improved health and growth in sustainable aquaculture practices.

Economical probing of Chaetomorpha aerea seaweed biostimulant and harnessing its growth sustainability potential on Arachis hypogaea L.

Economical probing of Chaetomorpha aerea seaweed biostimulant and harnessing its growth sustainability potential on Arachis hypogaea L.

Enhancement of Skin Mucus Immunity, Carotenoid Content, Sexual Parameters, and Growth Response in Guppy Fish (Poecilia reticulata) Fed with Green Algae (Chaetomorpha aerea) Diets

The research aimed to analyze the influences of adding marine green algae Chaetomorpha aerea to the diet of guppy fish (Poecillia reticulate) on growth, immunological responses in skin mucus, total carotenoid content, and sexual characteristics. A total of 450 fish, with a mean body weight of 0.19 ± 0.1 g and 30 fish per tank (triplicate), were randomly fed into 15 experimental tanks, each containing 50 L. Five different diets with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10% of C. aerea g/kg diets were fed to P. reticulate for 30 days. After 30 days, growth, immunological responses in skin mucus, total carotenoid content, and sexual characteristics were investigated. The results observed that the feed conversion rate and fry output were significantly (p > 0.05) decreased in experimental groups compared to the control group. The results revealed that the dietary inclusion of C. aerea algal significantly increased (p < 0.05) in mucosal immunological parameters containing lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity, total immunoglobulins, and alternative complement activity, which were the highest in the group with 4% of C. aerea g/kg. Additionally, lateral skin and the caudal fin of fish had higher total carotenoid levels from the dietary C. aerea algae diet than the control group, which were the highest in the groups with 4%. Among them, 4 and 8% of C. aerea g/kg diet resulted in better growth performance and feed conversion ratio. Thus, the study suggested that 4% of C. aerea g/kg diet has enrichment of immunity, total carotenoid concentrations, and skin mucus immunity of P. reticulate.

Anti-dengue potential and mosquitocidal effect of marine green algae-stabilized Mn-doped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Mn-SPIONs): an eco-friendly approach.

Vector-borne diseases pose a significant public health challenge in economically disadvantaged nations. Malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and lymphatic filariasis are spread by mosquitoes. Consequently, the most effective method of preventing these diseases is to eliminate the mosquito population. Historically, the majority of control programs have depended on chemical pesticides, including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids. Synthetic insecticides used to eradicate pests have the potential to contaminate groundwater, surface water, beneficial soil organisms, and non-target species. Nanotechnology is an innovative technology that has the potential to be used in insect control with great precision. The goal of this study was to test the in vitro anti-dengue potential and mosquitocidal activity of Chaetomorpha aerea and C. aerea-synthesized Mn-doped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CA-Mn-SPIONs). The synthesis of CA-Mn-SPIONs using C. aerea extract was verified by the observable alteration in the colour of the reaction mixture, transitioning from a pale green colour to a brown. The study of UV-Vis spectra revealed absorbance peaks at approximately 290nm, which can be attributed to the surface Plasmon resonance of the CA-Mn-SPIONs. The SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, vibrating sample magnetometry, and XRD analyses provided evidence that confirmed the presence of CA-Mn-SPIONs. In the present study, results revealed that C. aerea aqueous extract LC50 values against Ae. aegypti ranged from 222.942 (first instar larvae) to 349.877ppm in bioassays (pupae). CA-Mn-SPIONs had LC50 ranging from 20.199 (first instar larvae) to 26.918ppm (pupae). After treatment with 40ppm CA-Mn-SPIONs and 500ppm C. aerea extract in ovicidal tests, egg hatchability was lowered by 100%. Oviposition deterrence experiments showed that in Ae. aegypti, oviposition rates were lowered by more than 66% by 100ppm of green algal extract and by more than 71% by 10ppm of CA-Mn-SPIONs (oviposition activity index values were 0.50 and 0.55, respectively). Moreover, in vitro anti-dengue activity of CA-Mn-SPIONs has good anti-viral property against dengue viral cell lines. In addition, GC-MS analysis showed that 21 intriguing chemicals were discovered. Two significant phytoconstituents in the methanol extract of C. aerea include butanoic acid and palmitic acid. These two substances were examined using an in silico methodology against the NS5 methyltransferase protein and demonstrated good glide scores and binding affinities. Finally, we looked into the morphological damage and fluorescent emission of third instar Ae. aegypti larvae treated with CA-Mn-SPIONs. Fluorescent emission is consistent with ROS formation of CA-Mn-SPIONs against Ae. aegypti larvae. The present study determines that the key variables for the successful development of new insecticidal agents are rooted in the eco-compatibility and the provision of alternative tool for the pesticide manufacturing sector.

Antibacterial Activity of Some Selected Marine Macro-algae from Rameswaram Coastal Region, India

Marine algae are known as source of bioactive secondary metabolites. Twenty macroalgae were collected from Mandapam cost, Gulf of Mannar, Rameswaram were tested against two-gram negative bacteria’s using agar well diffusion method. The following species were used in the current study include seven species in Chlorophyta (Caulerpa peltata, Ulva lactuca, Halimeda gracilis , Chaetomorpha aerea, Cladophora vagabunda, Enteromorpha flexuosa, Halimida macroloba), seven in Phaeophyta (Sargassum cinereum, Padina boergesenii, Sargassum cristaefolium, Turbinaria decurrens, Turbinaria conoides, Hydroclathrus clathratus, Lobophora variegate) and six in Rhodophyta (Hypnea spicefera, Solieria robusta, Porphyra indica, Ceramium rubrum, Gelidiella acerosa Gracilaria edulis). They were air-dried thoroughly and powdered using a grinder. Powdered algae were extracted using solvents such as water, ethanol and methanol. In the present study ethanol extract was found to be excellent antibacterial activity from macroalgae. Among the selected Twenty different macroalgae the red algae (Rhodophyta) showed the higher antibacterial activity followed by brown (Phaeophyta) and green (Chlorophyta) against the tested two selective negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae). This finding supports the view that algal extracts are a reliable source of bioactive compounds for upcoming medication development.

Extraction and Purification of a Phycocolloid from Chaetomorpha aerea

AbstractPhycocolloids are gelling polysaccharides extracted from algae that have found applications as microbiological culture media, food thickener, and cosmetic rheological modifiers. The extensive use of algae species that have not yet been domesticated has led to overexploitation or supply shortages. Thus, extending the library of phycocolloids would permit to support the industrial changes toward renewable polymer feedstocks but if the source of algae is limited to wild algae species, this may raise issue on the scalability and hinder the creation of a reliable supply chain. In this study, a new phycocolloid extracted from Chaetomorpha aerea, a green seaweed that can be cultivated in open ponds, is identified. Through elucidation of its chemical structure, a gelation mechanism for an extracted sulfated polysaccharide fraction that form stable, transparent hydrogels that can be used for microbiological culture, is proposed

Anticoagulant Property of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Unique Structural Characteristics from the Green Alga Chaetomorpha aerea.

Sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae have attracted a great amount of attentions for the development of marine drugs due to their unique structural features, and they are great potential sources of naturally occurring anticoagulant agents. The genus Chaetomorpha is one of the largest genera in green algae and has a worldwide distribution. In the present study, a homogeneous polysaccharide from Chaetomorpha aerea, designated as PCA, was obtained by alkali extraction, anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Based on the results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses, PCA was a sulfated galactoarabinan which was mainly constituted of a backbone of →4)-β-l-Arap-(1→ unit, partially sulfated at C-3 of →4)-β-l-Arap-(1→ and C-4 of →6)-α-d-Galp-(1→. The side chains consisting of →6)-α-d-Galp-(1→ and →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→ residues were in C-2 of →4)-β-l-Arap-(1→ unit. PCA had a strong anticoagulant activity in vitro as evaluated by the assays of activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and fibrinogen level. The obvious anticoagulant activity in vivo of PCA was also found. PCA significantly inhibited the activities of the intrinsic coagulation factors XII, XI, IX and VIII, and exhibited weak inhibition effects on the common coagulation factors II and X. The anticoagulant mechanism of PCA was attributed to strong thrombin inhibition potentiated by heparin cofactor II or antithrombin III, and it also possessed an apparent inhibition effect on coagulation factor Xa mediated by antithrombin III. The investigation demonstrated that PCA could be a promising anticoagulant agent for health promotion and the treatment of thrombotic diseases.

Effects of crude polysaccharides from marine macroalgae on the adhesion and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Marine macroalgal biomass provides polysaccharides that could result in the valuable transformation of waste into an economic resource. Crude extracts, or polysaccharides, from Chaetomorpha aerea (Chlorophyta) and Agardhiella subulata and Hypnea cornuta (Rhodophyta), collected from the coastal brackish Lake Ganzirri (Italy), were evaluated for their effects on the adhesion and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, as model organisms. Without exerting any antibacterial activity, each crude extract showed dose-dependent inhibitory effect on biofilm formation, differing each other and also on the strain tested. The highest concentration (400 μg mL−1) of C. aerea extract, a sulfated polysaccharide mainly composed by glucuronic acid, strongly acted on the initial attachment of P. aeruginosa (54% of biofilm reduction), whereas H. cornuta extract greatly acted on that of S. aureus (59%). The addition of A. subulata and C. aerea extracts reduced the biofilm growth of S. aureus, but did not its mature biofilm. Conversely, A. subulata extract, a κ-carrageenan was also able to reduce the developed biofilm of P. aeruginosa. As resulted by surface-coating and the bacterial affinity to hydrocarbons assays, extracts from C. aerea and H. cornuta were able to inhibit the adhesion to polystyrene of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, and modify their cell-surface properties and hydrophobicity. Furthermore, all the extracts formed stable emulsions. No in vitro cytotoxicity effects were observed for H. cornuta extract, while they were moderate for C. aerea and high for A. subulata. However, all the extracts did not show any potential toxicity in vivo fish-embryo Danio rerio assay. These extracts could be used to prevent or remove the bacterial biofilms in several medical and non-medical applications.

Biologically active components for cosmeceutical use extracted from Chaetomorpha aerea

Biologically active components for cosmeceutical use extracted from Chaetomorpha aerea

In vitro evaluation of antibiofilm activity of crude extracts from macroalgae against pathogens relevant in aquaculture

The exploitation of macroalgal biomass could provide novel environment-friendly molecules to prevent bacterial biofilm formation. Crude extracts, or polysaccharides, from the DNA-barcoded macroalgae Chaetomorpha aerea (Chlorophyta), and Agardhiella subulata and Hypnea cornuta (Rhodophyta) collected from the coastal brackish Lake of Ganzirri (Italy) were evaluated for their effects on biofilm formation of Listonella anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida.All bacterial strains were able to produce biofilm on polystyrene surfaces at different extents. Without exerting antibacterial activity, the crude polysaccharides showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity on the biofilm formation. At the highest concentration (400 μg/ml), the strongest reduction of biofilm formation was observed in the presence of C. aerea and A. subulata extracts against V. harveyi (59 and 53%, respectively), followed by the H. cornuta extract against P. piscicida (52%) and V. parahaemolyticus (28%). The extract from A. subulata was also active against the biofilm formation of P. piscicida (48%) and L. anguillarum (33%).As resulted by the surface coating assay and the microbial adhesion onto hydrocarbons, the algal extracts were able to inhibit the adhesion of pathogens and modify their cell-surface properties and hydrophobicity. Moreover, all the extracts possessed high emulsifying activity (E24 up to 70%) and stabilizing capacity.Based on two different in vivo assays, using Artemia salina and Danio rerio, all the extracts showed no potential toxicity for aquaculture application.Our results suggest that the antibiofilm activity of algal extracts is related to the inhibition of the early bacterial adhesion. Consequently, these non-toxic and biodegradable polysaccharides, with surfactant and antiadhesive properties, could be proposed to prevent biofilms in aquaculture.

Effects of Green Alga, Chaetomorpha aerea Extract on Non-Specific Immune Responses and Disease Resistance against Edwardsiella tarda Infection in Labeo rohita

The current study evaluated the effects of a methanol extract from Chaetomorpha aerea (a green alga) on non-specific immune responses and resistance against Edwardsiella tarda infection in Labeo rohita. Different doses of the extract (5, 50 and 500 mg/kg of body weight) were injected into the fish intraperitoneally while a control group was injected with 0.2 mL of sterile physiological salt solution. Variations in several immunostimulatory parameters (i.e., neutrophil, serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, serum antiprotease, and ceruloplasmin activity), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were assessed after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of post stimulation. E. tarda culture was injected into the fish after 28 days of post stimulation to induce infection to monitor fish mortality within 14 days. Interestingly, all doses of methanolic extract enhanced neutrophil, lysozyme, and myeloperoxidase activity, ROS and RNS, while a dose of 50 mg/kg was the most effective. Fish injected with this optimal dose were also protected against infection with virulent strain of E. tarda. The results of the study suggest that C. aerea extract is a potential prophylactic agent against bacterial infections in finfish.

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, EDTA and sodium chloride on biomass and lipid accumulation of Chaetomorpha aerea

The increase of total lipid and fatty acids production was studied under different nutrient stress conditions using the macroalga, Chaetomorpha aerea. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, ethylene diamine tetra-acetate and sodium chloride on the growth and lipid accumulation were systematically investigated in laboratory conditions. The biomass was harvested at different stages of cultivation and assessed. The maximum changes of growth and lipid accumulation were observed in the exponential phase at different cultural conditions. The two-fold increase of total lipid was found in the order of 28.27±0.04 % (at 0.1 g/L nitrogen) > 27.30±0.37 % (at 0.5 g/L of phosphorus) > 25.86±0.77 % (at 0.05 g/L of EDTA)> 24.37±0.04 % (at 0.05 g/L NaCl) on 8th day of cultivation. The fatty acids were identified and quantified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The alga produces significantly high amount of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) than the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in different cultural conditions. The elevated levels of C16:1, C18:1 and C20:1 was identified under nitrate, phosphate and salt stress conditions, which are more suitable for biodiesel production.

Influences of dietary inclusion of algae Chaetomorpha aerea enhanced growth performance, immunity, haematological response and disease resistance of Labeo rohita challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

The present study was investigated to the sequel of dietary supplementation of algae (Chaetomorpha aerea) on growth, exploitation of food, haematological, immunological parameters and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita for 28-days trial period. A total of 180 fishes with a body weight of 55 ± 0.9 g initially, were selected and allotted to one of five dietary treatments, in which the basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 g kg−1 (w/w) of C. aerea. The fishes were subjected to challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila and relative percentage of survival (%) was recorded for 14 days after the feeding trial. Accordingly, the fishes fed with C. aerea increased the growth rate, feed conversion rate, specific growth rate, haemoglobin, neutrophil and lysozyme activity, when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, C. aerea supplementation (0.25 g kg-1) showed that the enhanced body weight, respiratory burst and lysozyme activity and resistance against A. hydrophila challenge. On the whole, the obtained results showed that this feeding approach can productively increase the growth and it could be considered as a probable immunostimulant in the organic aquaculture.

Investigation on the effects of nitrate and salinity stress on the antioxidant properties of green algae with special reference to the use of processed biomass as potent fish feed ingredient

Antioxidant properties of four common green algal genera viz. Cladophora glomerata, Chaetomorpha aerea, Rhizoclonium crassipellitum, and Pithophora cleveana collected from Sunderban areas of Eastern India were tested in controlled and nutrient stress conditions. Experimental algae were exposed to growth media with variations in nitrate and NaCl salt concentrations from 0 to 1500 ppm level for a period of 21 days. A dose-dependent upregulation in total phenols, flavonoids, pigment, and antioxidant property in relation to % DPPH activity and % ferrous ion chelating activity was observed. Maximum phenol content was observed for algal biomass exposed to 1500 ppm nitrate stress conditions (52.55 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW-16.48 ± 0.041 mg GAE/g DW) with Rhizoclonium showing the maximum contents. In the case of total flavonoid content, maximum upregulation was noted in the hypersaline conditions and Pithophora showed the highest contents amongst all (71.8 ± 0.21 mg QE/g DW). The highest carotenoid contents were observed in 750 ppm stress condition. Optimally stressed algal biomass having maximum carotenoid levels and high antioxidant levels were selected as fish feed ingredients, based on dose- and time-dependent two-way Anova and Tukeys test (750 ppm nitrate, 7 days). The processed biomass was included as fish feed ingredient to study the nutritive effects on goldfish (Carassius auratus). Algal feed (AF) was prepared from algal biomass only, which was further mixed with the commercial feed (CF) in varying proportions to formulate three different types of value-added feed (VAF). The experimental feed (25% VAF, 50% VAF, 75%VAF and AF) were tested against commercial feed (control) for 30 days in artificially aerated static aquaria system. The feed type formulated as 50% VAF was found to be most effective in terms of skin pigmentation, growth, and antioxidant activities of experimental fishes showing almost (1.44–4-folds increase) compared to the control setup. Statistically significant results were obtained regarding nutritive properties of experimental feed and fishes using PCA and Tukeys test respectively. Body weight gain and specific growth rate also changed significantly in experimental fishes.

New Records of Marine Macroalgae on the Caribbean on Coast of Costa Rica

The results obtained in this study highlight that further the macroalgae diversity in this region is even higher than what is reported to date. Here we present eight new records of marine macroalgae collected from the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica between March 2011 and May 2019. The morphological characteristics of Bryocladia cuspidata, Ceratodictyon variabile, Gracilaria hayi, Padina boergesenii, Zonaria tournefortii, Sargassum furcatum, Chaetomorpha aerea, and Bryopsis pennata var. secunda are described. The genera Bryocladia and Zonaria are reported for the first time for this region.

New records and observations of macroalgae and associated pathogens from the Falkland Islands, Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego

Abstract Subantarctic and Antarctic regions remain little explored with regards to their seaweed diversity. This study is based upon collections in the early 1970s and 2007–2013. It is supported by sequencing COI (mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I) and reports new records for four species of brown algae (Hincksia granulosa, Hincksia sandriana, Myriotrichia clavaeformis, Syringoderma australe), four red algae (Erythrotrichia carnea, Paraglossum salicifolium, Phycodrys antarctica, Plumariopsis eatonii), one green alga (Chaetomorpha aerea) and of the oomycete Anisolpidium ectocarpii. A further four brown algae are reported at genus level and discussed (Cladostephus sp., Colpomenia sp., Dictyota sp., Punctaria sp.). Observations of the biology of three brown algal taxa (Cladothele decaisnei, Geminocarpus geminatus, Halopteris obovata) from the region are also reported here.

Morphological and molecular discrimination of green macroalgae Chaetomorpha aerea and C. linum

Green macroalgae Chaetomorpha aerea and C. linum are taxonomically confused. In this paper, we tried morphological and molecular analyses to separate these two species. C. aerea and C. linum can be distinguished from morphological characteritics, such as frond dimension, cells size and shape, their mean length/width ratios (LWR), and cell walls constriction. Thalli of C. aerea attenuate basipetally, with diameter 270-500 mu m at upper portion, 160-360 mu m at middle portion, 100-160 mu m at basal portion. For the upper part, the length of cells is less than their diameter. Cell walls usually constrict at the dissepiments, which are pellucid or colorless and give the filament beaded appearance. In contrast, thalli of C. linum often have a constant diameter of 90-300 mu m within the same individual, cell walls usually do not constrict and cells are cylindrical or barrel shaped. The LWR is larger than that of C. aerea. Results show that the pairwise distance between two species is 3.6%-3.7% for 18S rRNA gene and 53.5%-54.3% for ITS region. In phylogeny, they distribute at distant clades, which confirms a genetic divergence at molecular level. In addition, morphological data indicates that filament diameter of C. linum samples is highly variable, ranging from 90 mu m to 300 mu m. Then these two species can be considered as separate species.

Proximate Composition of Bio Potential Seaweeds from Mandapam South East Coast of India

Proximate composition of the three green seaweeds viz., Chaetomorpha aerea, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Enteromorpha compressa one brown seaweed Dictyota dichotoma and one red seaweed Gracilaria corticata was investigated by determination of protein, carbohydrates, lipid, moisture and ash content. In the present study, the total protein was recarded upper most in E.intestinalis and bare minimum in E.compressa. The maximum carbohydrates recorded in C. aerea and minimum in G. corticata. The lipid content was acquired upper limit in E. compressa and least in C. aerea. The ash and moisture content in following of 5 different seaweeds are as follows: 7.45mg/g, 3.91mg/g were recorded in the C.aerea, 8.52mg/g, 3.42mg/g in the E.intestinalis, 8.58mg/g, 3.75mg/g in the E.compressa, 9.47mg/g, 4.23mg/g in the D.dichotoma and 6.95mg/g, 3.98mg/g in G.corticata. The proximate composition of 5 different seaweed species exhibited high nutritional value for human consumption.

Proximate Composition of Bio Potential Seaweeds from Mandapam South East Coast of India

Proximate composition of the three green seaweeds viz., Chaetomorpha aerea, Enteromorpha intestinalis, Enteromorpha compressa one brown seaweed Dictyota dichotoma and one red seaweed Gracilaria corticata was investigated by determination of protein, carbohydrates, lipid, moisture and ash content. In the present study, the total protein was recarded upper most in E.intestinalis and bare minimum in E.compressa. The maximum carbohydrates recorded in C. aerea and minimum in G. corticata. The lipid content was acquired upper limit in E. compressa and least in C. aerea. The ash and moisture content in following of 5 different seaweeds are as follows: 7.45mg/g, 3.91mg/g were recorded in the C.aerea, 8.52mg/g, 3.42mg/g in the E.intestinalis, 8.58mg/g, 3.75mg/g in the E.compressa, 9.47mg/g, 4.23mg/g in the D.dichotoma and 6.95mg/g, 3.98mg/g in G.corticata. The proximate composition of 5 different seaweed species exhibited high nutritional value for human consumption.