Risk Of Cervical Cancer Research Articles

Survey of HPV genotypes using multiplex PCR and flow through hybridization in Jakarta, Indonesia

This is a study to identify genotypes of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) among women in Jakarta. The virus increases the risk of cervical cancer, which the second highest incident of cancer in Indonesia. Although there is vaccination program to prevent infection of HPV, it must be based on prior screening of recipients based on HPV genotypes. Each genotype has different potential causing premalignant lesion. Most previous studies are not defining the genotypes of HPV. Therefore, this study is conducted to survey genotypes of HPV using Multiplex PCR and Flow Through Hybridization. The Multiplex PCR and Flow Through Hybridization can detect 35 genotypes, consisting of 18 high risk and 17 low risk genotypes. Samples are patients who visit a clinic in Jakarta. Most of them are women who are already married and between 20 and above 50 years of age. Samples are collected between August to November 2022. There are 336 samples. The result shows that 53.57% of samples were detected positive for HPV. The most prevalent high-risk genotype is genotype 52 while the most prevalent low risk is genotype 11. There are 15,74% of cases of co-infection. The genotype 11 is the genotype that are the most often found in co-infection. The finding is not reported in previous studies. The Multiplex PCR and Flow Through Hybridization can detect genotypes of HPV.

Use of statins and risks of ovarian, uterine, and cervical diseases: a cohort study in the UK Biobank

PurposeTo examine the associations between use of statins and risks of various ovarian, uterine, and cervical diseases, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cyst, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp, and cervical polyp.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study among female participants in the UK Biobank. Information on the use of statins was collected through verbal interview. Outcome information was obtained by linking to national cancer registry data and hospital inpatient data. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to examine the associations.ResultsA total of 180,855 female participants (18,403 statin users and 162,452 non-users) were included. Use of statins was significantly associated with increased risks of cervical cancer (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.55; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.05–2.30) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (adjusted HR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.68–11.49). However, we observed no significant association between use of statins and risk of ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cyst, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp, or cervical polyp.ConclusionOur findings suggest that use of statins is associated with increased risks of cervical cancer and polycystic ovarian syndrome, but is not associated with increased or decreased risk of ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cyst, endometriosis, endometrial polyp, or cervical polyp.

Social factors and age play a significant role in cervical cancer and advanced-stage disease among Danish women

BackgroundFor cervical cancer (CC), the implementation of preventive strategies has the potential to make cervical cancer occurrence and death largely avoidable. To better understand the factors possibly responsible for cervical cancer, we aimed to examine possible differences in age and social parameters as well as screening status between women with low- or high-stage cervical cancer and matched controls.MethodsThrough the Danish Cancer Registry (DCR), women diagnosed with cervical cancer in Denmark between 1987 and 2016 were included. These were age- and residence-matched in a 1:5 ratio with controls from the general female population. The study population was sub grouped into a low-stage subpopulation with women with early-stage cervical cancer and matched controls and a high-stage subpopulation with women with late-stage cervical cancer and matched controls. Age and social parameters were compared within the subpopulations as well as between low- and high-stage cases. For part of the study population, screening attendance was examined to compare differences in adherence.ResultsOverall, we found that the risk of cervical cancer is significantly increased in socially disadvantaged women and not least non-attenders in screening. Interestingly, the high-stage subpopulation was significantly older than the low-stage subpopulation (p < 0.001), and when examining the impact of age further, we found that for cervical cancer cases, the risk of having low-stage disease decreases significantly with increasing age, whereas the risk of having high-stage disease increases significantly with increasing age. In the screening cohort, significantly less cases than controls were attenders in screening with the most pronounced differences seen in the old subpopulation (women aged 50–64 years) and in the high-stage subpopulation (p-values all < 0.001). Interestingly, when examining the risk of CC for attenders and non-attenders, we demonstrated that many social parameters continue to influence the risk of cervical cancer, even in women attending screening.ConclusionsOlder women, socially disadvantaged women, and non-attenders in screening are particularly vulnerable in terms of developing cervical cancer, especially high-stage disease. Therefore, improvements in the participating rate in screening as well as a revision of the current screening guidelines are needed.

Role of microRNA in Sex Steroid Hormones Signaling and Its Effect in Regulation of Endometrial, Ovarian, and Cervical Cancer: A Literature Review.

Worldwide, in 2020, an estimated 417,367 people were diagnosed with uterine cancer. Endometrial cancer accounts for more than 90% of all uterine cancers. The 15th most frequent cancer overall and the sixth most frequent cancer in women is endometrial cancer. Global ovarian cancer Incidence was diagnosed estimated at 313,959 new cases worldwide in 2020. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. It has been demonstrated that sex steroid hormones (SSHs) have an essential role in regulating the susceptibility of cancer to cytotoxic therapy. Dysregulation of DNA repair contributes to genomic instability, aberrant cell survival, and cancer development as well as therapy resistance. Several crucial DNA repair components have been discovered to interact with the three main SSHs: androgen, estrogen, and progesterone. MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been associated with aberrant sex steroid hormone signaling as well as an increased risk of endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancer. The expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors is modulated by a number of miRNAs, and it has been demonstrated that the miRNA expression profile may predict the way a patient would respond to hormone therapy. Additionally, particular miRNAs have been linked to the control of genes involved in signaling pathways connected to hormones. Recent research has shown that miRNAs can modify hormone signaling pathways and affect the expression of sex steroid hormone receptors. Our goal in this literature review is to present an overview of current knowledge regarding the role of miRNAs in cancers regulated by sex steroid hormone pathways, as well as to identify particular miRNA targets for hormonal therapy.

A multi-variable predictive warning model for cervical cancer using clinical and SNPs data.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among female worldwide. Early detection and intervention are essential. This study aims to construct an early predictive warning model for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions utilizing clinical data and simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Clinical data and germline SNPs were collected from 472 participants. Univariate logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), and stepwise regression were performed to screen variables. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) and neural network(NN) were applied to establish models. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the models' efficiencies. The performance of models was validated using decision curve analysis (DCA). The LR model, which included 6 SNPs and 2 clinical variables as independent risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis, was ultimately chosen as the most optimal model. The DCA showed that the LR model had a good clinical application. The predictive model effectively foresees cervical cancer risk using clinical and SNP data, aiding in planning timely interventions. It provides a transparent tool for refining clinical decisions in cervical cancer management.

Plasma free fatty acid levels in cervical cancer: concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves abnormal profile.

Background: Epidemiology has demonstrated that plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) can prevent the development of cancer. Our study sought to evaluate the relationship between plasma (FFA) levels and cervical cancer. Methods: In recent years, metabolomics-based approaches have been recognized as an emerging tool, so we examined the plasma FFA profiles of 114 patients with cervical cancer and 151 healthy people using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. Results: The data results were analyzed by multifactorial binary logistic regression analysis, and it was found that palmitic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total ω-3 fatty acids were negatively correlated with the risk of cervical cancer; whereas tetracosanoic acid was positively correlated with the risk of cervical cancer (OR, 1.026; 95% CI, 1.013-1.040; p < 0.001). Dynamic follow-up of 40 cervical cancer patients who successfully completed CCRT revealed that most fatty acid levels tended to increase after the end of treatment, except for palmitic and stearic acid levels, which were lower than before treatment. Conclusion: Plasma FFA profiles were altered in cervical cancer patients, which may be related to abnormal fatty acid metabolism in cervical cancer. The described changes in fatty acid profiles during CCRT may be related to the good functioning of CCRT. Further studies on plasma FFA composition and its changes due to CCRT in patients with cervical cancer are warranted.

Low Levels of Lifetime Pap Test Receipt Among Vulnerable Guatemalans.

Low and middle-income countries, such as Guatemala, shoulder a disproportionate share of cervical cancer, a preventable disease in high income countries. Tangible obstacles, such as lack of access to health care, cultural differences, and insufficient infrastructure, and facilitators, such as being Ladino, married, and educated, have been identified in the literature related to cervical cancer prevention. The aim of this survey was to explore barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer prevention, comparing rural Indigenous and urban Ladino populations. We surveyed 139 women in two health clinics. Participants answered questions about demographic information, cervical cancer knowledge, and health care behaviors. We analyzed survey data with four bivariate models. Our results suggest vulnerable populations, such as rural Indigenous women who are single, illiterate, and lack education, face higher cervical cancer risk. Partnerships should be formed with health promotors and lay midwives to educate and encourage vulnerable populations to prevent cervical cancer.

Enhancing cervical cancer diagnosis with graph convolution network: AI-powered segmentation, feature analysis, and classification for early detection

Cervical cancer is a prevalent disease affecting the cervix cells in women and is one of the leading causes of mortality for women globally. The Pap smear test determines the risk of cervical cancer by detecting abnormal cervix cells. Early detection and diagnosis of this cancer can effectively increase the patient’s survival rate. The advent of artificial intelligence facilitates the development of automated computer-assisted cervical cancer diagnostic systems, which are widely used to enhance cancer screening. This study emphasizes the segmentation and classification of various cervical cancer cell types. An intuitive but effective segmentation technique is used to segment the nucleus and cytoplasm from histopathological cell images. Additionally, handcrafted features include different properties of the cells generated from the distinct cervical cytoplasm and nucleus area. Two feature rankings techniques are conducted to evaluate this study’s significant feature set. Feature analysis identifies the critical pathological properties of cervical cells and then divides them into 30, 40, and 50 sets of diagnostic features. Furthermore, a graph dataset is constructed using the strongest correlated features, prioritizes the relationship between the features, and a robust graph convolution network (GCN) is introduced to efficiently predict the cervical cell types. The proposed model obtains a sublime accuracy of 99.11% for the 40-feature set of the SipakMed dataset. This study outperforms the existing study, performing both segmentation and classification simultaneously, conducting an in-depth feature analysis, attaining maximum accuracy efficiently, and ensuring the interpretability of the proposed model. To validate the model’s outcome, we tested it on the Herlev dataset and highlighted its robustness by attaining an accuracy of 98.18%. The results of this proposed methodology demonstrate the dependability of this study effectively, detecting cervical cancer in its early stages and upholding the significance of the lives of women.

Awareness about cervical cancer risk factors and its prevention among female healthcare professionals in north India

Cervical cancer stands as the second most prevalent cancer among women in the reproductive age bracket. According to Globocan 2020, there were 604,100 newly diagnosed cases of cervical cancer worldwide, resulting in 341,831 fatalities. In India, there are 436.76 million women aged 15 and older who face the risk of developing cervical cancer. To explore the basic knowledge of cervical cancer, its risk factors, and preventive measures among female healthcare professionals and medical students.A cross-sectional study among all 205 female healthcare providers comprising of doctors, medical students (1st, 2nd &amp; 3rd-year MBBS), and nurses was conducted at Gautam Buddha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Jhajhra, Dehradun, in December 2023. Google Forms platform was used to conduct the pre-composed online survey. Data was entered and analyzed with SPSS software version 26.A maximum number (141) of participants identified HPV infection as a risk factor for cervical cancer followed by multiple sexual partners (137) while 41.95% of subjects knew about early pregnancy as a risk factor for cervical cancer. Knowledge of risk factors for cervical cancer is highest among doctors followed by nurses and students. 81.95% of participants knew that cervical cancer is preventable and screening helps in the prevention of cervical cancer.Regular upgradation of knowledge of female nursing personnel is crucial since women tend to seek advice from them more often. Similarly, HPV and cervical cancer should be strategically incorporated at the beginning of the medical curriculum.

Cervical cancer risk assessment using machine learning integrated fuzzy MCDM methodology

Cervical cancer is entirely preventable if diagnosed at an early stage; however, the current rate of cervical cancer screening participation is not very adequate, and early detection approaches are still open and demanding. Evaluating the risk levels of potential patients in a practical and economic way is crucial to direct risky candidates to screening and establishing potential treatments to conquer the disease. In this study, a machine learning-integrated fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology is proposed to assess the cervical cancer risk levels of patients. In this context, based on behavioral criteria obtained from the publicly accessible cervical cancer behavior risk data set from the UCI repository, the risk levels of patients are evaluated. The proposed methodology is established in three stages: In the first stage, using a machine learning technique, i.e., feature selection, the most effective criteria for predicting cervical cancer risk are selected. In the second stage, the criteria for importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method is used to assign objective importance levels to the criteria. In the third stage, the cervical cancer risk levels of candidate patients are prioritized using the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) and, alternatively, the evaluation based on distance from the average solution (EDAS) techniques. The proposed methodology is developed in an interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy atmosphere for quantifying the uncertainty in the nature of the problem. This study demonstrates that the feature selection algorithm can be efficiently utilized to determine the fundamental criteria of an MCDM problem and to aid in the early identification of cervical cancer.

Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer risk in the Million Women Study.

Most previous studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancer risk have lacked information on potential confounding factors. We investigated RA-associated cancer risks in a large cohort of women in the UK, taking account of shared risk factors. In 1996-2001, women aged 50-64, who were invited for routine breast screening at 66 National Health Service (NHS) screening centres in England and Scotland, were also invited to take part in the Million Women Study. Participants provided information on sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors, including RA, and were followed up for cancers and deaths. Cox regression yielded RA-associated hazard ratios (HRs) of 20 cancers, adjusted for 10 characteristics including smoking status and adiposity. Around 1.3 million women (half of those invited) were recruited into the study. In minimally adjusted analyses, RA was associated with the risk of 13 of the 20 cancers. After additional adjustment for lifestyle factors, many of these associations were attenuated but there remained robust evidence of RA-associated increases in the risk of lung (HR 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.15-1.26), lymphoid (1.25, 1.18-1.33), myeloid (1.12, 1.01-1.25), cervical (1.39, 1.11-1.75) and oropharyngeal (1.40, 1.21-1.61) cancers, and decreases in the risk of endometrial (0.84, 0.77-0.91) and colorectal (0.82, 0.77-0.87) cancers. After taking account of shared risk factors, RA is positively associated with lung and certain blood and infection-related cancers, and inversely associated with colorectal cancer. These findings are consistent with existing hypotheses around immune response, susceptibility to infections, and chronic inflammation. The inverse association observed for endometrial cancer merits further investigation.

USE OF COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES AND THE RISK OF CERVICAL CANCER IN YOUNG WOMEN

The relationship between the use of combined oral contraceptives and the risk of cervical cancer in young women has been the subject of intense scrutiny in the scientific literature. This topic, which is extremely important for women's health, has sparked debates and investigations due to the prevalence of the use of these contraceptives and the significant incidence of cervical cancer in young women. Understanding this possible association is crucial to inform contraceptive practices and cervical cancer prevention strategies. Objective: To evaluate and consolidate the available evidence on the relationship between the use of combined oral contraceptives and the risk of cervical cancer in young women, using studies and articles published in the last 10 years. Methodology: strictly adhered to the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies. The selected descriptors were combined oral contraceptives, cervical cancer, young women, risk and association. The search covered articles published in the last 10 years. The inclusion criteria included studies that focused exclusively on young women, directly investigated the relationship between the use of combined oral contraceptives and cervical cancer, and were published in the last 10 years. On the other hand, studies with participants outside the specific age range, research that did not directly address the association in question and articles that were not fully available or did not qualify as systematic reviews or primary studies were excluded. This methodological approach provided a comprehensive and careful analysis of the existing evidence on the topic. Results: 18 articles were selected. Analysis of studies revealed a diversity of perspectives on the association between combined oral contraceptives and cervical cancer risk in young women. Key topics included possible biological mechanisms, variations in the types of contraceptives used, and the influence of confounding factors. Conclusion: Given the complexity of the data analyzed, this review highlights the need for careful approaches in interpreting the relationship between combined oral contraceptives and cervical cancer in young women. Future research is crucial to fully clarify this association and provide more precise guidance for clinical practice.

Evaluation of the Association between Genetic Polymorphism of Interleukin-1 Beta (–511C/T and +3953C/T) and Cervical Cancer Susceptibility

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, primarily caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially in developing countries. A proinflammatory cytokine, emerging as a major facilitator of carcinogenesis, is termed interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), which characterizes host-environment interactions. Numerous epidemiological studies have revealed that IL-1β gene polymorphisms have been associated with numerous malignancies, but in the context of CC, results of these studies were inconclusive. Thus, our study aimed to explore the relationship between IL-1β polymorphisms (-511C/T and +3953C/T) and CC susceptibility. Genotyping was conducted on 192 CC patients and 200 healthy controls through polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism. HPV analysis was done through real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the serum concentration of IL-1β was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with CT and TT genotypes of IL-1β -511C/T had a threefold increased risk of CC (odds ratio [OR], 3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.132-6.063; p &lt; 0.001 vs. OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.952-5.713; p &lt; 0.001) compared to controls. Women with the T allele of IL-1β -511C/T polymorphism were associated with increased CC susceptibility (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.51-2.66; p = 0.0001) compared to controls. No significant difference was found between patients and controls in the genotype or allele frequencies of IL-1β +3953C/T polymorphism (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.56-1.55; p = 0.86 vs. OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.72-1.26; p = 0.74). There was no significant association found between IL-1β -511C/T promoter (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 0.46-12.76; p = 0.28 vs. OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.13-21.10; p = 0.7) and +3953C/T (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 0.44-31.82; p = 0.19 vs. OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.01-3.92; p = 0.25) polymorphisms in tobacco chewers and smokers compared to controls. The level of serum concentration of IL-1β was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Our results conclude that IL-1β -511C/T polymorphism is associated with CC susceptibility.

Lack of Association between TP73 G4C14-A4T14 Polymorphism and Cervical Cancer Risk in Overall and Asian Women: A Meta-Analysis.

Growing studies revealed the association between polymorphisms in Tumor Protein TP73 (TP73) and susceptibility to cancer, especially with gynecological cancers. but, the results remained inconsistent. This meta-analysis was carried out to examine the relationship of the TP73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism (hereafter, G4C14-to-A4T14) with susceptibility to cervical cancer globally and by ethnicity. Eligible studies were collected by retrieving PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Wan Fang, and CNKI published before 25 October, 2023. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of such association. A total of 10 case-control studies with 1804 cervical cancer cases and 2433 healthy controls were included to this study. The pooled results showed that TP73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism was not associated with cervical cancer risk in overall. in terms of stratified analyses by ethnicity, this polymorphism was not associated with risk of cervical cancer among East-Asian women. however, there was a significant association based source of control among hospital-based studies. Inconsistent with previous meta-analyses, our pooled results revealed that TP73 G4C14-to-A4T14 polymorphism might not be a risk factor for development of cervical cancer globally and among East-Asian women. Moreover, further studies examining the effect of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions may eventually provide a better knowledge.

Vaccination Effectiveness against Human Papillomavirus in Kazakhstan.

The purpose was to determine the effectiveness of human papillomavirus immunization and its impact on cervical cancer development in Kazakhstan. The current research is a case-control study with two groups: a main group and a control group. A total of 725 subjects participated in the research. The association between vaccination and cervical cancer development was calculated both for the two groups as a whole and for individual patients, who were selected based on criteria of residence, presence of immunodeficiency or chronic cardiac or renal pathology, as well as analysis of age at which the vaccine dose was received. There was a statistically significant association between the absence of the human papillomavirus vaccine and the risk of cervical cancer in all groups. When considering the entire cohort, the chance of finding a risk factor (lack of vaccination) was almost 7 times higher in the main group than in the control group. Thus, an association between vaccination and cervical cancer risk was found in each of the pairs of subjects. The effectiveness of vaccination in preventing cervical cancer was not observed in patients who were vaccinated after 18 years of age, while most patients in the control group were vaccinated in their teens. The practical significance of the research is not only to further study the problem of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Kazakhstan but also to popularize HPV immunization to prevent cervical cancer (CC).

Timing of Colposcopy and Risk of Cervical Cancer

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2023;142:1125–1134) Recommended testing for cervical cancer includes colposcopy after abnormal Pap or human papillomavirus (HPV) test results. This method is designed to diagnose cervical cancers early and to additionally detect precancerous tissue before it becomes cancerous.

Attitudes of women towards screening, prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in Namibia.

Cervical cancer is among the top causes of cancer-related deaths among women globally. The aim of the study was to assess the attitudes of women of reproductive age towards cervical cancer services in the Otjozondjupa region, Namibia. The setting of this study was the Otjozondjupa region, one of the 14 regions of Namibia. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study was used. The data were collected with a questionnaire from a stratified sample of 381 out of the 37066 study population of women of reproductive age across four districts of the region. Descriptive data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. The findings revealed that most respondents (83.1%) had an overall neutral attitude towards the screening, prevention, and treatment of cervical cancer; they were not concerned about the risk of cervical cancer and would not practice health-seeking behaviours regarding cervical cancer services. The respondents were indifferent with regard to prevention, screening, and management services for cervical cancer, implying that they would not use available cervical cancer services. Attitudes of women of reproductive age towards cervical cancer services were highlighted. Subsequently, an educational programme for nurses to enhance the utilisation of cervical cancer services among women of reproductive age in the Otjozondjupa region, Namibia, was developed. Guidelines were developed to facilitate the implementation and evaluation of the educational programme activities to enhance the utilisation of cervical cancer screening services among women of reproductive age.

Exploring the causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of cervical cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

ObjectiveWhether rheumatoid arthritis patients have an increased risk of cervical cancer remains controversial, and further research is needed on this clinical question. This study aims to investigate the association between rheumatoid arthritis and the susceptibility to cervical cancer by employing Mendelian randomization methodology, utilizing the extensive dataset from human genome-wide association data analysis.MethodsThe publicly accessible MR base database was utilized to obtain the complete genome, relevant research findings, and summarized data pertaining to rheumatoid arthritis and cervical cancer. Genetic tool variables, specifically single-nucleotide polymorphisms closely linked to rheumatoid arthritis, were chosen for analysis. Four methods, namely inverse variance weighted analysis, weighted median analysis, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression, were employed. Statistical analysis was conducted to explore the potential association between rheumatoid arthritis and susceptibility to cervical cancer.ResultsThe results of the inverse variance weighted analysis (OR = 1.096, 95% CI: 1.018–1.180, P = 0.015) indicate a significant causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and an increased risk of cervical cancer. Furthermore, the absence of horizontal pleiotropic effects (MR-Egger intercept = 0.00025, P = 0.574) and heterogeneity (QEgger = 2.239, I2Egger = 0.225, PEgger = 0.268, QIVW = 2.734, I2IVW = 0.220, PIVW = 0.999) suggests that the observed association is not influenced by confounding factors. Sensitivity analysis and other statistical methods also support the conclusion that genetic pleiotropy does not introduce bias to the findings.ConclusionThere is a causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and the occurrence of cervical cancer. People with rheumatoid arthritis is one of the high-risk groups for early screening of cervical cancer. The IL-18 may play a significant role in elevating the risk of cervical cancer among rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Facteurs de risque de lésions malpighiennes intra-épithéliale de haut grade ou de cancer du col de l’utérus en cas de maladie inflammatoire chronique de l’intestin

IntroductionChronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to increase the risk of high-grade histological intraepithelial lesions (HGIL) and cervical cancer. The risk factors for developing these lesions are poorly understood. Materials and methodsThis is a single-center retrospective case-control study including IBD patients followed at our University Hospital Center from 2011 to 2021 who presented with HGIL or cervical cancer. Four controls were case-matched according to IBD type, age, active smoking and multiparity. ResultsEighteen cases and 72 controls were included. We found no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to mean age at IBD diagnosis, mean duration of IBD, IBD location, history of IBD-related surgery or even association with another chronic inflammatory disease. In our study, the use of immunosuppressants/biotherapies in these patients [50% (9/18) for cases vs. 56% (40/72) for controls; P=0.9] was not a risk factor for IGRA or cervical cancer. Similarly, neither the total duration of exposure to immunosuppressants/biotherapies (9.9±8years for cases vs. 6.6±5.3years for controls; P=0.1), nor combined therapies [11% (2/18) for cases vs. 6% (4/72) for controls; P=0.3], nor azathioprine or methotrexate use [22% (4/18) for cases vs. 11% (8/72) for controls; P=0.3] were found to be risk factors. ConclusionIn our study, we found no risk factors for patients with IBD to develop IGRA or cervical cancer.

Association between Endometriosis and the Risk of Ovarian, Endometrial, Cervical, and Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study from the U.S. National Inpatient Sample 2016-2019.

We investigated the potential relationship between endometriosis and risk of ovarian, endometrial, cervical, and breast cancers using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. We utilized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system to identify relevant codes from the NIS database (2016-2019). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, hospital region, hospital teaching status, income Zip score, smoking, alcohol use, and hormonal replacement therapy) were conducted to evaluate the association between endometriosis and gynecologic cancers and summarized as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the examined dataset, there were 1164 and 225,323 gynecologic cancer patients with and without endometriosis, respectively. Univariate analysis showed endometriosis was significantly associated with a higher risk of ovarian (OR = 3.42, 95% CI: 3.05-3.84, p < 0.001) and endometrial (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 2.97-3.79, p < 0.001) cancers. There was no significant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85-1.28, p = 0.663). Interestingly, endometriosis was significantly associated with a low risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10-0.17, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.006) showed that endometriosis was significantly associated with a high risk of ovarian (adjusted OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.97-3.75, p < 0.001) and endometrial (adjusted OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 3.12-4.08, p < 0.001) cancers. Conversely, there was no significant association between endometriosis and cervical cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65-0.99, p = 0.036). Patients with endometriosis exhibited unique gynecologic cancer risk profiles, with higher risks for ovarian and endometrial cancers, and no significant risk for cervical cancer. The observed connection between endometriosis and a reduced risk of breast cancer remains a perplexing phenomenon, which cannot be put into context to date.