Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma Research Articles

Clinical presentation and outcome in cats with aural squamous cell carcinoma: a review of 25 cases (2010-2021).

Ear canal neoplasia is uncommon in cats. Ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma is the most frequently reported malignant neoplasm of the feline ear canal, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm diagnosed in the feline middle ear. However, limited information exists on the outcome of cats diagnosed with SCC of the ear canal, middle or inner ear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the outcome of cats diagnosed with SCC affecting these locations. Medical records were reviewed at multiple institutions to identify cats with a definitive diagnosis of SCC. Twenty-five cats were identified. Eleven cats were treated with surgery, eight with medical management, two with coarse fractionated radiation therapy, two with a combination of coarse fractionated radiation therapy and chemotherapy, one with a combination of surgery and coarse fractionated radiation therapy, one cat with systemic chemotherapy and one cat received no treatment following diagnosis. The median survival time of cats treated with surgery was 168 days vs 85 days (P = 0.28) for those treated palliatively with either medical management, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. This case series documented that SCC of the ear canal, middle and/or internal ear is a locally aggressive tumor that carries an overall poor prognosis. The median survival time for cats treated with surgery was longer than that with any other modality, but this difference was not statistically significant.

Partial vertical ear canal resection in two cats.

An 18-year-old domestic medium-hair cat (cat 1) and a 16-year-old domestic shorthair cat (cat 2) were evaluated because of obstructive skin lesions involving the perimeter of the left external auditory canal. Otitis externa was present in affected ears secondary to obstructive soft tissue growths involving the outer margin of the external auditory canal and outer third of the vertical ear canal. Histologic examination of a preoperative biopsy sample revealed multiple ulcerated ceruminous gland adenomas in the affected ear of cat 1. Histologic examination of the submitted tissue from cat 2 confirmed ceruminous cystomatosis with surface colonization of yeast compatible with Malassezia spp. Both cats underwent partial resection of the upper third of the affected vertical ear canal and associated diseased skin. The incised margin of the pinna was sutured to the margin of the remaining portion of the vertical ear canal with absorbable sutures. Both cats were disease free over a 12-month (cat 1) or 10-month (cat 2) follow-up period. Cat 1 later developed a small ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma in the adjacent rostrolateral margin of the vertical ear canal 1 year after surgery; the mass was resected, and the patient was free of recurrence 4 months later. Partial resection was an effective alternative to complete vertical ear canal resection for lesions involving the upper third of the vertical ear canal in these cats; the partial resection procedure was deemed simpler to perform and less traumatic to the cat. Functional and cosmetic results were excellent, with preservation of the overall anatomy of the external auditory canal.

Histopathologic Characterization of Metastatic Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma in a Dog

Histopathologic Characterization of Metastatic Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma in a Dog

Surgical Ablation of Canal Ear in a Dog with Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma Ear Tumor

Ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma is the primary malignant tumor of the sweat glands that is found in the external ear canal. Though rare, it is one of the most common malignant tumor of the ear canal in adult and older dogs. These tumors may be pedunculated or broad based but rise above the level of the epithelium. Surgical removal of benign ear canal tumors may be accomplished via lateral ear canal resection for access to the tumor mass. No data are available on the efficacy of chemotherapy for otic tumors of dogs and cats.Prognosis of patients with otic neoplasms can best be determined by histopathologic examination of removed tissues.In this article the authors describe the case of a dog breed German Brac, female 5 years old who relapsed chronic otitis present. After otoscopic exam was a friable globular formation into the deep external ear canal.We performed a total ear canal ablation (TECA) The surgery was performed under general anesthesia inhalation. The reasons for this type of anesthesia were duration of surgery determined by the anatomical complexity of the area and the rich innervation of the area. Postoperatively we generally administered opioid analgesics and local instillations of lidocaine to reduce pain. After 2 months the animal is fully recovered general condition is favorable Histopathological examination has proven ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. Surgical ablation of the external ear canal if ear tumors is recommended

Concurrent Transitional Meningioma and Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma in a Scottish Wildcat Hybrid (Felis silvestris)

The Scottish wildcat (Felis silvestris) is an iconic and endangered subpopulation of the European wildcat (F.silvestris silvestris). There is much research devoted to the ecology, genetics and conservation of this animal, but little published information on pathology and disease. The investigation and reporting of such information is vital to furthering understanding of the effects of hybridization, a factor that is crucial if we are to secure a future for the Scottish wildcat. This report describes the clinical presentation, gross post-mortem and histological findings in an elderly Scottish wildcat hybrid with concurrent transitional meningioma and ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma.

Diagnosis and Successful Surgical Removal of an Aural Ceruminous Gland Adenocarcinoma in a Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

A 4-year-old neutered male albino domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was evaluated for otitis externa of the right ear. A general physical examination revealed severe inflammation of the right external ear canal with large amounts of ceruminous debris. Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis), large numbers of cocci and rod bacteria, and yeast were noted on cytological examination of an ear swab. After treatment with topical selamectin, and 8 days of treatment with a compounded broad-spectrum combination ear cleaner, the inflammation had resolved. On a subsequent otoscopic examination, an 8-mm diameter, painful, multilobed, irregular, fleshy mass was noted to be completely occluding the right ear canal. A lateral ear canal resection was performed to provide exposure to the base of the mass. The mass was found to have a stalk-like origin at the junction of the vertical and horizontal ear canals. The mass was removed at the base using electrocautery. Histopathology identified the mass as a ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. Follow-up radiation and chemotherapy were declined by the owners. There was no evidence of recurrence of either the mass or otitis 9 months after the operation. This case report demonstrates that a lateral ear canal resection can facilitate removal of a mass from within the ear canal, and that surgical resection alone may provide a desirable disease-free resolution of the problem in ferrets.

Fine‐needle biopsy of external ear canal masses in the cat: cytologic results and histologic correlations in 27 cases

The cytologic diagnosis of ear canal tumors is difficult or impossible by swab alone because cell exfoliation may be poor and neoplastic cells may be masked by associated inflammation. Fine-needle biopsy (FNB) can be used to obtain a higher yield of cells for diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and diagnostic value of FNB and cytologic examination in providing an accurate diagnosis of masses growing in the external ear canal of cats. Cytologic specimens from masses in the external ear canal, taken under inhaled, general anesthesia, were classified into 4 groups: 1) ceruminous gland hyperplasia or adenoma, 2) ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma, 3) inflammatory polyps, and 4) other neoplastic and non-neoplastic masses. Cytopathologic diagnoses were compared with the final histopathologic diagnoses, and indices of diagnostic test accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, diagnostic-odds ratios) were calculated. Twenty-seven masses (from 25 cats, including 2 cats affected bilaterally) were included in the study. The results showed good correspondence between cytologic and histologic diagnoses with an overall agreement index (kappa) of .74, a diagnostic odds ratio of 22, and 100% (27/27) agreement in the diagnosis of inflammatory polyps versus neoplasia (both benign and malignant). FNB cytopathology of external ear masses in the cat was sufficiently accurate for distinguishing inflammatory polyps from neoplasia. For differentiation of benign proliferation and malignant neoplasia, however, histopathologic confirmation is recommended.

Total ear canal ablation in the cat: indications, morbidity and long-term survival.

Fifty-two total ear canal ablation (TECA) procedures in 44 cats were reviewed. The indication for surgery was neoplasia in 41 per cent of the cats, 86 per cent of which had ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. Chronic inflammatory or polypoid disease accounted for 50 per cent of surgical procedures. Postoperative complications included Horner's syndrome (42 per cent) and facial paralysis (56 per cent) and these were permanent in 14 per cent and 28 per cent of cases, respectively, with the rest resolving in the ensuing weeks or months. The higher incidence of Horner's syndrome and facial paralysis in the cat, compared to the dog, was attributed to greater fragility of the feline tympanic plexus and facial nerve. The median survival time of cats with ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma was 50-3 months, and did not differ significantly from that for inflammatory or polypoid disease. A potential prognostic indicator for this tumour was the mitotic index (MI): cases with MI < or = 2 survived significantly longer than those with MI > or = 3.

Ceruminous gland tumors in dogs and cats: a review of 124 cases.

The histological features of 124 ceruminous gland tumors from canine and feline biopsy submissions were reviewed. The tissues, which represented submissions from private veterinary practices and a veterinary college, included ceruminous gland adenocarcinomas and adenomas as well as a single, mixed ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma. A majority of the masses from both dogs and cats were identified as malignant processes.

Evaluation of dogs and cats with tumors of the ear canal: 145 cases (1978-1992)

Objective To characterize the frequency, clinical signs, biologic behavior, and response to treatment of tumors of the ear canal in dogs and cats. Design Retrospective analysis of medical records. Animals Medical records of 81 dogs (48 malignant tumors, 33 benign tumors) and 64 cats (56 malignant tumors, 8 benign tumors). Procedure Data were analyzed for cats and dogs with malignant tumors, and risk factors were analyzed for their potential impact on survival time. Results Malignant tumor types most commonly reported included ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and carcinoma of undetermined origin. Median survival time of dogs with malignant aural tumors was &gt; 58 months, whereas that of cats was 11.7 months. A poor prognosis was indicated by extensive tumor involvement (dogs) and by neurologic signs at time of diagnosis, diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma or carcinoma of undetermined origin, and invasion into lymphatics or blood vessels (cats). Clinical Implications Malignant tumors of the ear canal in dogs and cats have a propensity for local invasion, but tend not to metastasize. Squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma of undetermined origin were the most locally aggressive tumors. Malignant tumors of the ear canal are best managed by aggressive surgical excision. Radiotherapy may be useful when tumors cannot be completely removed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1413-1418)

Total ear canal ablation combined with lateral bulla osteotorny in J the cat

ABSTRACTEighteen total ear canal ablations combined with lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA/LBO) procedures were performed in 15 cats over a period of 30 months. The indications for surgery included neoplastic disease, ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma of the horizontal canal or middle ear (10 ears), squamous cell carcinoma extending from the pinna (four), polyps emanating from the middle ear (three), and chronic unremitting middle ear disease (one). Complications associated with surgery included facial paralysis (seven cases), facial neuropraxia (four), Horner's syndrome (three), and wound dehiscion (one). Eleven cats were alive and disease‐free six months after the surgery. The results indicate that the major indication for TECA/LBO in the cat is neoplastic disease involving the ear. Unlike the procedure in the dog, for which the usual indication is benign end‐stage ear disease, neurological complications are common despite meticulous surgical dissections. In addition, the postoperative prognosis is guarded because of malignant disease in many cases.

Adenocarcinoma of the external ear

A case of ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma arising from the external auditory canal with infiltration into the middle ear and mastoid is described, the histopathology and management is discussed. Infiltration of the tumour front the external auditory canal to the middle ear and mastoid is most unusual, as ceruminous glands are normally present in the external auditory canal only.