Issuance Of Certificates Research Articles

Legal Implications of Building Use Rights Certificates Without Land Status Information: Consumer Protection and the Responsibility of the National Land Agency

Abstract: This research examines the legal uncertainties arising from the issuance of Building Use Rights (HGB) certificates on land with Management Rights (HPL) owned by the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. The lack of clarity in the National Land Agency's certificate, which does not explicitly state that the building use rights are based on land management rights, leads to confusion and a sense of deception among consumers, making this issue crucial. This issue holds significant importance as the National Land Agency's certificate, which does not explicitly state that building use rights are based on land management rights, leads to consumer confusion and feelings of deception. When consumers applied for a certificate extension 20 years after the National Land Agency issued the Certificate Extension Decision Letter, the agency abruptly retracted both the Decision Letter and the certificate. This was due to the BPN's recent realization that the land was under Land Management Rights. This research uses a normative juridical approach to analyze the legal responsibility of the National Land Agency in the issuance of certificates. The data collection technique uses document studies, while the analysis technique uses court decision studies. Research results indicate that Building Use Rights (HGB) certificates that do not specify the type of land—whether it is on state land, Land Management Rights, or ownership rights—have the potential to harm consumers and cause legal disputes. Therefore, this study recommends land policy reforms to ensure legal certainty and consumer rights protection in property transactions. Keywords: Building Use Rights, Land Management Rights, Land Certificate, Legal Certainty, National Land Agency

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEMEGANG HAK ATAS TANAH TERHADAP PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM TERBITNYA SERTIFIKAT GANDA

The guarantee of legal certainty regarding land rights has been regulated in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles (UUPA). Especially in Article 19 of the UUPA in ensuring legal certainty, the Government holds land registration throughout Indonesia and the issuance of proof of land rights, namely Certificates. In reality, disputes or legal cases often arise over the issuance of double certificates on the same land plot issued by the local Land Office which results in losses for land rights holders. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the civil responsibility of the land office for the double certificate dispute and how to protect the legal protection of the land right holder for the double certificate dispute. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach. The source of legal materials in this study is secondary data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials using the technique of collecting legal materials, namely literature studies. The result of this study is the civil responsibility of the land office for court decisions that have permanent legal force for dual certificate disputes, namely recording and/or changing the recording of certificates that are declared valid and/or do not have legal force. There is no compensation in material form from the Land Office to the holder of land rights whose certificate has been declared valid by a court decision that has permanent legal force. Legal protection of land rights holders in a dispute over multiple certificates can be carried out by canceling one of the certificates made by the authorized Head of the Land Office and/or the aggrieved party files a civil lawsuit on the basis of unlawful acts through the competent district court in accordance with the applicable legal provisions.

Analysis Of Birth Certificate Issuance Services For Children Resulting From Siri Marriages In The Population And Civil Registration Office Of Central Bengkulu District

This research focuses on the issue of issuing birth certificates to children from siri marriages in Bengkulu Tengah Regency. The purpose of this research is to understand the process of birth certificate issuance services for children from siri marriage, identify the obstacles that arise in the process, and evaluate the efforts made by the Population and Civil Registration Office of Bengkulu Tengah Regency in improving birth certificate issuance services for children from siri marriage. This research uses descriptive research methods, qualitative descriptive methods are research methods based on the philosophy of postpositivism used to research on natural object conditions where the researcher is a research instrument and the results of the writing are in the form of words or statements that match the actual situation. The data collection source describes the analysis method using reduction, presentation, and conclusion.The service procedures for making deeds have navigated the procedures and regulations that apply. 2. People who do not have a marriage certificate, show that the service of issuing birth certificates for children from siri marriage shows that it is good and gets satisfaction in the community and gets the result that the making of the late certificate is the fault of the community itself because it does not know the information and lack of knowledge by the community. Evidenced in the results of interv

Digital Certificate Management for Medical Devices

As the healthcare environment becomes increasingly digitally connected and cyber threats to healthcare technologies evolve, cybersecurity controls are necessary to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medical devices. Digital certificates are one such security control commonly utilized to secure various technologies and systems including medical devices. However, few academic resources describe the use of digital certificates in the unique context of medical devices. Additionally, digital certificate issues have the potential to impact the safety and effectiveness of medical devices and to negatively hinder the delivery of patient care. This article provides an introduction on the role of digital certificates to secure and manage access to medical devices, including potential issues and digital certificate management considerations.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENGHAMBAT KAJI ETIK PROTOKOL PENELITIAN: STUDI PADA KOMITE ETIK PENELITIAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET, SURAKARTA

Ethics review is essential prior to conducting research involving humans and animals. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethics review procedures and identify the causes of delayed ethical approval of the protocols submitted to Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret during 2022-2023. Retrospective data collected include protocol identity number, institution and educational level of the proposer, research type, date of protocol submission, completion of initial ethics review, and issuance of the ethical clearance certificate. A total of 458 protocols were received over 2 years period but the processing of 8 protocols were discontinued so that those 8 protocols were excluded from further analysis. Of the 450 protocols analysed, most involved human subjects (331; 73.6%). The majority of proposers were from UNS (309; 68.7%), were students (353; 78.4%), and had undergraduate education (166; 36.9%). The duration of the initial ethics review was generally <2 weeks (90.4%). Most (92.7%) protocols needed revision. The majority (66.4%) of proposers needed <2 weeks to revise the protocol. The total time for the entire ethics review process was 22.9 ± 14 days. Further evaluation found that the average duration needed for protocol revision was longer than that for reviewing (16 vs 9 days). It can be concluded that the ethics review process ran effectively so that almost all protocols submitted could undergo initial reviews in a relatively short time. The delayed ethical approval was due to the slow protocol revision process by the proposers.

RPKI Defense Capability Simulation Method Based on Container Virtualization

As the main inter-domain routing protocol in today’s internet, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) faces serious security risks during actual usage. Research on BGP malicious attack methods requires a realistic network environment, and evaluation methods based on physical networks often suffer from high costs and insufficient flexibility. Thus, we propose an efficient BGP simulated network deployment system based on a virtualization technology called the SOD–BGP. This system, combining cloud computing and virtualization technologies, creates a scalable, highly flexible basic network environment that allows for the automated simulation and evaluation of actual BGP prefix hijacking attack scenarios. A Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) simulation suite is introduced into the system, emulating a certificate issuance system, certificate storage, and a certificate synchronization verification mechanism, thus aligning the simulation environment with real-world usage scenarios. Finally, we propose a data collection and performance evaluation technique to evaluate BGP networks deploying RPKI under different attack scenarios and to explore the effectiveness of RPKI defense mechanisms at various deployment rates. A comparative analysis with other simulation techniques demonstrates that our approach achieves a balanced performance in terms of deployment speed, complexity, and RPKI integrity, providing a solid simulation technology foundation for large-scale BGP security defense strategies.

Unregistered Polygamy Validation: Isbat Nikah, Polygamy Permit, and Due Process of Law in Indonesian Religious Courts

This article probes whether methods of validating unregistered polygamy in Indonesian Religious Courts have honored the due process of law. Judges have adopted two different methods in validating unregistered polygamy: first, by ordering concerned parties to apply for the issuance of a retroactive marriage certificate (isbat nikah), and second, by advising them to submit a polygamy permit application. Using the sociolegal approach in examining Ratio Legis and selected cases on unregistered polygamy validation across Indonesia, it finds that the existing methods have impacted protecting women’s and children’s rights and marriage law objectives. Opting for isbat nikah means perpetuating violations of the marriage law provisions and objectives, which restrict polygamy through court proceedings to be orderly administration and protect women’s and children’s rights. Meanwhile, requiring unregistered polygamists to remarry by applying for a polygamy permit could impact wives’ rights who are married without registration and their children’s. The 2018 Supreme Court’s Circular prohibiting the Religious Court from accepting applications for isbat nikah of unregistered polygamy shows its tendency to the formal application of the marriage law provisions. Even so, judges adopt the contentious isbat nikah to legalize unregistered polygamy, mainly when the parties involved accept their polygamy and live peacefully. This bottom-up approach arguably better meets the principles of fairness because all legal rights owed to concerned parties are respected.

The Accountability and Transparency of Police Record Certificate (SKCK) Issuance Services at the Bali Regional Police

The role of the Bali regional police in providing accountable and transparent police record certificate services is very large, measured by the best service quality indicators into 5 dimensions, including Tangible (tangible), Reliability (reliability), Responsiveness (responsiveness), Assurance (guarantee), and Empathy (empathy). The obstacles for the Bali Regional Police in issuing police record certificates for the Bali Regional Police are lack of facilities and infrastructure, lack of human resources or staff, and lack of public awareness. Efforts to overcome problems in improving the quality of services for making police record certificates in the Bali regional police intelligence and security unit are maximizing facilities and infrastructure, increasing human resources, providing socialization and evaluation.

Fast certificate issuance in a Moodle‐based MOOC platform: A large‐scale study

Fast certificate issuance in a Moodle‐based MOOC platform: A large‐scale study

Manajemen Komunikasi dalam Pelayanan Penerbitan Sertifikat Tanah di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Pusat

This research will focus on service communication, factors that support and inhibit services as well as the effectiveness of land certificate issuance service communication at the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office. There were 7 informants who were sources in this research. Data collection techniques were carried out using library research and field research. This aims to make it easier for service users to access service information available at the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office. (2) Factors that support land certificate issuance services at the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office, include: the existence of regulations that make it easier, the availability of qualified human resources and personnel with integrity, the existence of technology that helps make work easier, and reform of the public service bureaucracy. implemented to reduce service time to be shorter. (3) Obstacles that are still encountered in land certificate issuance services at the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office, namely: the status of the land is still in dispute, meaning that the issuance of land certificates must wait for legal certainty regarding the ownership of the land in question, incomplete land archives or documents, public ignorance In fulfilling the requirements for issuing land certificates, computer facilities to support public services sometimes experience errors so that service activities become hampered, and there are a handful of service officers who do not understand service SOPs. (4) The effectiveness of public services in issuing land certificates at the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office still needs to be improved. For this reason, we have carried out various innovations through the Julapat Program (7 Quick Services) and the Landing Service, which is a service for people who do not have time to take care of land documents on weekdays and can take care of them on weekends. Apart from that, the Central Jakarta City Administration Land Office also continues to serve applicants during break times. This program aims to get closer to applicants directly and show service users that managing services is simple and cheap.

Pelayanan pembuatan akta kelahiran menuju transformasi digital di kabupaten Bogor

Because it is impossible to reject the use of technology in public service procedures, the Bogor Regency Population and Civil Registration Service has implemented digital transformation in its operations, including the issuance of birth certificates. Knowing how digital transformation is implemented in the Bogor Regency Dukcapil Office is the aim of this research. This research applies Royyana's thesis (2021) which states that digital transformation is a shift for all institutions involving five indicators: technology adoption, process, structure, human resources and strategy. Bogor Regency Disdukcapil employees act as research informants in this qualitative descriptive research design. The findings of this research can show that the Bogor Regency Dukcapil Office has succeeded in implementing digital transformation.

The Existence of A Court Decision With Legal Force Remains in the Process of Registering Land Ownership for the First Time

This research aims to analyze the position of court decisions that have permanent legal force in the certificate issuance process and the mechanism for issuing land ownership certificates based on court decisions that have permanent legal force. This research is normative research which places law as a building system of norms. The approaches used by the author are the Legislative Approach and the Legal Concept Analysis Approach. The research results show that the court decision can be a strong basis for changing or updating land ownership status in land registration records. In issuing a certificate of ownership of land, the application is submitted and the Badung Regency Land Office officer carries out a field inspection. A certificate is issued if the documents are complete which can also be seen from the absence of any notes in the land book.

Kualitas Pelayanan Penerbitan Sertifikat Pengganti pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kota Blitar

A land certificate is legal and very important proof of land ownership. Therefore, people need to look after and maintain it well. However, there are still cases where the certificate is lost, so the land owner needs to make an application to obtain a replacement certificate at the local National Land Agency. In the certificate replacement process, there are several obstacles, such as the high costs for publication in the mass media, the length of bureaucracy that the applicant must go through, the long time required to complete the service, and the large number of documents that the applicant must submit. This research aims to evaluate the quality of service in the process of issuing replacement certificates at the Blitar City National Land Agency and identify the obstacles faced in this process. This research uses qualitative methods whose results will be processed into descriptive data. The data collected includes primary data obtained from interviews and observations, as well as secondary data obtained from literature reviews. The data collection process was carried out through interviews, direct observation and documentation. The results of this research are based on a series of analysis processes from interview data, observation and documentation, showing that the quality of replacement certificate issuance services at the Blitar City National Land Agency is good. Judging from the five indicators of service quality used, namely Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy. There are obstacles faced, namely the occurrence of errors in the KKP system which is used to process all types of services, obstacles in making the oath agenda schedule which can hinder the completion of services

Fungsi Badan Pertanahan Dalam Pendaftaran Hak Milik Atas Tanah di Kabupaten Sikka

The human need for land from day to day continues to increase, in line with the rapid development in all fields carried out. This is the basis for the importance of registering land with the National Land Agency. Which is the formulation of the problem (What is the function of the land agency in realizing the land registration program in Sikka Regency? (2) What are the inhibiting factors faced by the Land Agency in the implementation of complete systematic land registration in Sikka Regency?. The methods in this study are (1) Normative research, namely research whose data is taken from laws and regulations, (2) Empirical research, namely how the law works in society. The results of the study show that the Land Agency has an important role in ensuring legal certainty over land ownership through a systematic registration process. The function obtained by the Sikka Regency Land Office is to carry out the determination of land ownership and land registration based on the Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 17 of 2020 concerning the Organization and Work Procedures of the Regional Office of the National Land Agency and the Land Office. However, there are several obstacles faced, including lack of human resources, unclear land ownership status, expensive registration fees, lack of public understanding. The author's conclusions: (1) The National Land Agency in realizing PTSL in Sikka Regency has carried out its function in determining land rights and land registration in accordance with the MINISTERIAL REGULATION ATR/BPN No. 17 of 2020. (2) Inhibiting factors include the lack of human resources in the Sikka Regency Land Office, the implementation of measurements of many people who put up land boundary signs that are not massive, and the lack of community mindset towards the importance of taking care of the issuance of land certificates. The suggestions: (1) For the Sikka Regency Land Office, it is hoped that complete systematic land registration activities in Sikka Regency are carried out in accordance with applicable regulations and determined targets so that legal certainty and land ownership can be realized properly. (2) For the National Land Agency of Sikka Regency, Sikka Regency should often conduct socialization regarding the management of land certificates and also coordinate with the local government.

AWARENESS ON OF THE BARANGAY JUSTICE SYSTEMAND ITS RELATIVITY CONFLICT MANAGEMENT SKILLS OF LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA IN STA. MARIA,DAVAO OCCIDENTAL, PHILIPPINES

This research focused on the awareness on barangay justice system and its relativity to conflict management skills of Lupong Tagapamayapa in Sta. Maria, Davao Occidental. Furthermore, it determined the strength of the correlation between the two, their level of awareness on barangay justice system and conflict management skills and which domains of awareness on barangay justice system have the most impact. A descriptive-correlational research design was utilized in the study. There were one hundred fifty-four (154) Lupong Tagapamayapa respondents included in the study and they answered an adaptive survey questionnaire. To measure the independent variable, “The Effectiveness of Conciliation Process: A Practical Way of Delivering Justice” from Agustin et al., (2018) was utilized, while the Conflict Management Skills questionnaire was from “Conflict Resolution Styles Among Filipino Seafarers: Inputs to a Conflict Management Program” by Garcia et al., (2018). The statistical tools used were frequency, percentage, mean, Spearman’s rho, and step-wise multiple regression analysis. The result of this study showed the levels of aware-ness on barangay justice system, with conciliation efforts to reconcile parties (4.63) got the highest responses and issuance of certificate to file action (4.27) received the lowest and an over all of 4.51. in terms of conflict management skills, compromising garnered the highest mean score of 4.64, while avoiding receive the lowest with 3.83 and an over all of 4.35.The significant relationship of awareness on barangay justice system and conflict management skills, the R2 reveals that 35.5 percent of the considered data fit the regression model; and between the two variables, the r-value was 0.650 which indicates that there is a high corre-lation. Of the four predictors, the proper application of the legal procedures (β = 0.577, SE = 0.63, p < 0.001) is found to be significant which is less than the threshold of 0.05 level of significance, which implies the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that proper applica-tion of the legal procedures significantly influence the conflict management skills of the Lupong Tagapamayapa.

AKIBAT HUKUM TERHADAP SERTIFIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH YANG TUMPANG TINDIH

Legal efforts to facilitate referrals to plots of land so that good land management can be carried out. After the land registration has been completed according to the stages carried out, a Principal Rights Certificate is issued. This is proof of ownership and is considered strong evidence of the physical and legal data contained therein as long as the physical and legal data is still maintained. The data is in accordance with information from relevant survey documents and land legal documents. A certificate as proof of land ownership after being registered at the Land Office of course brings legal certainty to the holder. However, in fact there are several cases where the certificates overlap, such as in the case that was decided in decision number 32/G/2023/PTUN SBY ​​between Sri Wulandari and the Head of the Batu City Land Office and I Made Artawan. Legal certainty regarding land ownership is by registering the land owned by each person, because based on Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Basic Agrarian Law, by registering the land we own, this guarantees legal certainty for the land owner and is proven by the issuance of a land title certificate. This land ownership certificate has strong evidentiary value as long as the land procurement and registration is carried out according to established procedures and there are no clerical defects in the land registration. Article 32 (2) PP Regulation Number 24 of 1997.

ENHANCING BIRTH REGISTRATION THROUGH E-REGISTRY SYSTEMS: A RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE

Introducing our web-based platform for easily creating birth certificates online. We understand the frustration and time consumption associated with traditional paper-based certificate systems, as well as the inefficiencies of relying on third-party services like cybercafes. Long queues and delays due to the vast population only exacerbate these challenges. Whether it's for educational or employment purposes, everyone requires a birth certificate. Unfortunately, access to certificate services is not always available around the clock. To address these concerns, we've developed a user-friendly website utilizing PHP, MySQL, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Our platform aims to eliminate the need for physical visits to government offices or cybercafes. Users can conveniently apply for birth certificates after logging in securely, managing their personal details, and even reset their passwords if forgotten. Upon submission, administrators review applications, ensuring accuracy before approval. Verified users can then download their certificates hassle-free. In cases of discrepancies or missing information, applications are rejected, accompanied by feedback from the admin pinpointing the errors. Users can then rectify these issues and reapply as needed. Our website operates 24/7, ensuring accessibility and convenience for all users. With PHP for backend functionality, MySQL for database management, and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for seamless user interaction, we're committed to simplifying the birth certificate issuance process while adhering to the highest standards of security and efficiency. Key Words: Birth Registration, Issuing birth certificates, Issuance system, Birth Rate Monitoring

Legal Certainty For Holders of Land Rights Over The Issuance of Multiple Certificates

Legal Certainty For Holders of Land Rights Over The Issuance of Multiple Certificates

LINKABLE RING SIGNATURES FOR BLOCKCHAIN PRIVACY PROTECTION

A numerous security vulnerabilities have emerged within the PK system. For example, a compromised CA can issue illegal or fake certificates for any domains, and a CA can issue unauthorized certificates without the consent of the domain owner. In addition, some high-value target domains, such as bank and government agencies may have been frequently attacked, and the adversaries can launch the targeted attacks by making use of the disclosure of the issuing CAs. To address these pressing issues or challenges, in this work, we propose a novel blockchain-based PKI framework using linkable ring signatures, called LRS_PKI. Specially, we propose a novel certificate issuance mechanism that utilizes linkable ring signatures to hide the issuing CA, so as to reduce the risk of the PKI system being attacked. Additionally, we introduce the blockchain as a public log to record the certificate operations, and adopt the decentralized storage IPFS to store the certificates to decouple the blockchain layer and storage layer. In order to prevent the CA from issuing unauthorized certificates, we have added a condition to verify whether the issuing CA in the certificate verification.

Pendampingan Pengembangan UMKM dengan Transformasi ke Bisnis Syariah : Pengurusan NIB & Pembiayaan Pelaku UMKM Kota Padang

This service aims to increase the understanding of UMKM players regarding the development of UMKM with their transformation into sharia business. Understanding Sharia business was focused on anti-usury Sharia financing. Apart from understanding financing, they were also assisted in issuing NIB and financing to Islamic banking institutions. The method of this service was Participatory Action Research (PAR), where the team accompanies Padang City UMKM (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) actors. Evaluation was carried out by sharing experiences from UMKM actors, feedback, and follow-up. Data analysis used in this service used descriptive analysis. The success of this activity was measured by the understanding provided to UMKM actors regarding the Sharia business. The results of this service showed that UMKM actors understood Sharia business principles; UMKM actors proved this: 1) Wanting to switch to a Sharia institution in accordance with applicable regulations, 2) Registering as Nagari Syariah bank customers, 3) Registering their business to get NIB because including the requirements for financing files and processing halal certificates, 4) Registering the business to obtain Sharia capital, 5) Filling in the halal certificate issuance form to obtain a halal certificate.