Certain Degree Of Agreement Research Articles

A validation study of citizen science-based rainfall observation

Citizen science-based data collection approaches offer new opportunities to produce high-quality rainfall products. One of the most promising options, personal rain gauges (PRGs), allows for high spatial and temporal resolution rainfall observation and has received much attention in recent years. Doubts about the accuracy and stability of PRGs, however, have led many researchers to remain hesitant about using PRG-based rainfall datasets. It is, therefore, of great importance to investigate the effectiveness of the PRG rainfall observation network. In this paper, 294 daily (24 hr) rainfall data between June 2022 and June 2023 was collected in the Netherlands using the PRG network and compared with ground rain gauge and radar estimations. The experimental results indicate that: (1) during the large-scale rainfall events, PRG achieved a Pearson correlation performance of 0.498, 0.488, and 0.324 compared to the corrected/uncorrected rain gauge network and radar observations, respectively, which decreased to 0.11, 0.101, and 0.108 for small-scale rainfall. It can be concluded that the PRG network shows a certain degree of agreement with ground rainfall gauges and radar measurements and is more suitable for large-scale rainfall observation tasks; (2) the relative errors between the PRGs and compared rainfall products indicate that the accuracy of the PRG network still needs to be improved. This study could offer a useful complement to the existing rainfall observation system while providing a helpful supplement to the development of citizen science.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE, ADAPTABILITY, ATTITUDES, AND SELF-EFFICACY ON OUTCOMES-BASED EDUCATION PRACTICES: A REGRESSION ANALYSIS

It is widely agreed that factors from the teachers significantly influence the practices of Outcomes-Based Education. As OBE is gaining popularity as a new paradigm of education in most of the higher education institutions subjected a teacher’s response to its actual implementation. The study employed descriptive and correlational research design in analyzing the factors and utilized multiple linear regression to analyze its influence on the extent of OBE practices. Results showed that level of knowledge on OBE and the level of adaptability greatly influenced the extent of OBE practices. Teachers who better understand the curriculum are better able to adapt their strategies to meet the needs of diverse students and are equipped with skills relevant to the attainment of student’s outcome. Teachers who are willing to try new teaching strategies and adjust their instruction based on student feedback may be more successful in implementing OBE practices than those who are more resistant to change. Significantly, Alignment is a positive predictor of the respondents’ perceived extent of OBE practices. The knowledge on the constructive alignment helps teachers to facilitate students’ achievement of outcomes and experiences while being certain of the alignment of all learning experiences to the curriculum. Furthermore, attitude towards OBE and the level of self-efficacy showed a great influence in the extent of OBE practices. The certain degree of agreement depicts the recognition of effectiveness of OBE in strengthening education. As teachers viewed OBE to be effective, they see the value of it in their teaching practices. On the other hand, the higher beliefs of teachers in their capacity to teach depicts a strong will to implement OBE into practice. Acceptance, instructional strategies, and classroom management are all positive predictors of the respondents’ perceived extents on OBE practices. However, feelings is a negative predictor which mean that even if teachers possess a negative attitude towards OBE, it does not affect their teaching practices following OBE KEYWORDS: knowledge, outcomes-based education, adaptability, attitudes, self- efficacy, practice

Research on the Application of Technology in the Protection of Intangible cultural heritage in Mixed Reality

Jingzhou Flower-drum opera is one of the well-known operas in Jianghan Plain, Hubei Province, and was also included in the first batch of national Intangible cultural heritage list in 2006. Jingzhou Flower-drum opera has a long history, but with the rapid development of the digital era and the impact of emerging culture, Jingzhou Flower-drum opera has also encountered an irresistible inheritance crisis. As the further development of virtual reality technology, hybrid reality technology has attracted many young people's interest in its interactivity and creativity. Secondly, as an emerging industry, hybrid reality technology has a certain degree of progress in the times, and it also has a certain degree of agreement with the protection of Intangible cultural heritage. This paper will elaborate on the development of hybrid reality technology and the current protection situation of Jingzhou Flower-drum opera, analyze the difficulties and solutions currently facing, and discuss the inheritance and development of traditional Intangible cultural heritage from the perspective of how intangible cultural heritage survives in the digital era and how to integrate with hybrid reality technology.

University education for physical education teachers, sports and preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologists and sports manager

Purpose: The study aims to measure and verify the relationship between the distribution of European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in the three essential fields (biomedical, physical activity-sports and psycho-pedagogical) related to the master's degrees in sport science and techniques (LM-68) and science of preventive and adapted physical activities (LM-67) and in the three essential fields (physical activity-sports, economic-legal and psycho-sociological) of the master's degrees in sport management (LM-47). Method: The method is document-based. Using Universitaly portal, data on ECTS numerosity in the three essential fields for each degree course were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to predict the value of a dependent variable based on the value of other two independent variables. Results: The predominant field for LM-67 is biomedical, in LM68 physical activity-sports and in LM-47 economic-legal, all with high degrees of variation. Regarding the distribution of ECTS in the three essential fields in LM-68 and LM-47, the result is not statistically significant (P >.05). No one area can predict the other two, therefore, there is no relationship underlying the degree course designs. In LM-67, the ECTS of the biomedical field predict significantly those in the physical activitysports and psycho-pedagogical ones (P < .05). Conclusion: The results show that only in LM-67 there is a relationship between ECTS distribution in the three essential field, in which the ECTS in biomedical field predict how ECTS in the other two fields are distributed, showing a certain degree of agreement among universities on how to distribute them. Keywords: core curricula, master’s degree, kinesiologist, sports reform

The progress revisited: How the dispute between stimulus-driven and contingent-capture advocates is hampered by a blindness for change

ABSTRACT Luck, Gaspelin, Folk, Remington, and Theeuwes [2021. Progress toward resolving the attentional capture debate. Visual Cognition, 29(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2020.1848949] argue that the debate regarding attentional capture has changed in such a way that there is now some consensus. However, even though a certain degree of agreement has been reached on the question whether locations can be preattentively inhibited or facilitated, the different views underlying the debate did not change fundamentally. The major question as to whether or not attentional control is contingent upon the non-spatial control settings of an observer is still not settled. In the present commentary I argue that the main reason for this is that current notions do not incorporate the possibility that the underlying processes are dynamic. To really move the debate forward, it is necessary to recognize that not only behaviour but also the underlying processes change over time.

Phenomenological Nuclear Potential Shapes for Optical Model Analyses of 16O+12C Elastic Scattering

Optical model analyses of the 16O+12C elastic scattering at the incident energies ELAB=62, 75, 80, 94.8, 100, 115.9 and 124 MeV were performed by using different phenomenological potential forms. Possible complex nuclear potential forms, which would provide a certain degree of agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical calculations, were examined in the construction of the optical potential. The structure of the considered nuclear potentials consisted of a deep, attractive, WS2 (Woods-Saxon square) type real part and relatively shallow, absorptive imaginary parts. The imaginary potential shapes investigated in this study were chosen in four different forms; WSV (Woods-Saxon volume), WS2V, WSV+ WSDS (Woods-Saxon Differential surface) and WS2V+WSDS. It was found that, the analyses with the potentials having WSV+WSDS type and WS2V+WSDS type imaginary parts produced similar results that explained the differential cross-section measurements of the 16O+12C system better than the other phenomenological potential forms. The agreement between the theoretical analyses and the experimental data was determined by using usual χ2 criterion.

Genre Analysis: Studying Authorial Stance in the Pakistani Research Articles of Business and Management Sciences

The notion of authorial stance has received much attention internationally in recent years which has increased its complexity in terms of its relationship with genre-pedagogy and genre-awareness. Metadiscourse markers are used by academic writers in order to build and maintain relationship with their readers. This is done by use of appropriate language either to influence them or show a certain degree of agreement or disagreement. The present study investigated the stance features as they appeared in the genre of research article introduction section written by seasoned authors. 50 papers from the field of Business and Management Sciences were studied in order to explore the language features projecting authorial stance or author’s voice used by authors. Hyland’s (2005b) Model of Academic Interaction was used to study the authorial stance. The findings showed that the authors used a considerable degree of stance features in their research articles. The study may provide some useful insights regarding teaching the writing of research article, understanding the concepts of genre-competence and genre-production.

Severity classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on deep learning

In this paper, a deep learning method has been raised to build an automatic classification algorithm of severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Large sample clinical data as input feature were analyzed for their weights in classification. Through feature selection, model training, parameter optimization and model testing, a classification prediction model based on deep belief network was built to predict severity classification criteria raised by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). We get accuracy over 90% in prediction for two different standardized versions of severity criteria raised in 2007 and 2011 respectively. Moreover, we also got the contribution ranking of different input features through analyzing the model coefficient matrix and confirmed that there was a certain degree of agreement between the more contributive input features and the clinical diagnostic knowledge. The validity of the deep belief network model was proved by this result. This study provides an effective solution for the application of deep learning method in automatic diagnostic decision making.

A retrospective study on the assessment of dysphagia after partial laryngectomy

Objective: To retrospectively investigate the long-term swallowing function of patients with laryngeal carcinoma, who underwent partial laryngectomy, discuss the effectiveness and reliability of Kubota drinking test in the assessment of patients with dysphagia, who underwent partial laryngectomy, and analyze the influence of different ways of operation on swallowing function. Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed on 83 patients with laryngeal carcinoma, who underwent partial laryngectomy between September 2012 and August 2015. Questionnaire survey, Kubota drinking test and video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were conducted for patients during a scheduled interview. Patients were grouped by two ways: the one was whether epiglottis was retained, and the other was whether either arytenoids or both were reserved. The influence of different surgical techniques on swallowing function was analyzed according to the results of Kubota drinking test. The agreement and reliability of Kubota drinking test were statistically analyzed with respect to VFSS treated as the gold standard. SPSS23.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Questionnaire results revealed that among 83 patients underwent partial laryngectomy 32.53% suffered from eating disorder, and 43.37% experienced painful swallowing. The incidence of dysphagia was 40.96% according to the results of Kubota drinking test. There was statistical difference between the group with epiglottis remained and that having epiglottis removed in terms of the absence of dysphagia and severity. The statistical values of normal, moderate and severe dysphagia were in the order of 18.160, 7.229, 12.344(P<0.05). Also, statistical difference existed between the groups with either and both arytenoids reserved in terms of the absence of dysphagia as well as that of intermediate severity, and their statistical values were 4.790 and 9.110(P<0.05). A certain degree of agreement and reliability was present between the results of Kubota drinking test and VFSS(Kappa=0.551, r=0.810). Conclusions: It was of considerable significance to reserve epiglottis and arytenoids for the retention of swallowing function for patients post partial laryngectomy. There are certain degree of agreement and reliability between the results of Kubota drinking test and VFSS. The test, therefore, could be used as a tool for screening patients suffering from dysphagia post partial laryngectomy.

Donatella della Porta, Social Movements in Times of Austerity: Bringing Capitalism Back Into Protest Analysis

Abstract. Over the last few years, there has been a certain degree of agreement among social movement scholars on the fact that the dominant analytical frameworks of social movement theory were not fully able to explain the recent wave of protests, triggered by the economic crisis. Followingthis concern, some authors have started a debate about how to modify and refine these frameworks in order to better account for the current dynamics of mobilization. This type of reflection is precisely at the centre of the analysis of a book recently published by Polity Press (2015: pp. 249), titled Social Movements in Times of Austerity. Bringing Capitalism Back into Protest Analysis , where the author, Donatella della Porta, one of the most prominent scholars of this field, takes a clear position in such debate by singling out some of the main limitations, which have negatively affected the developments of the theorizations of social movements over the past decades. In discussing these limitations, della Porta proposes some original remedies and solutions in terms of theories and themes to be introduced and investigated in the current agenda of social movement research. Keywords. Political economy, Social movement studies, Neoliberalism, Economic crisis, Protests. JEL. F50, F60.

A regional climate palaeosimulation for Europe in the period 1500–1990 – Part 2: Shortcomings and strengths of models and reconstructions

Abstract. This study compares gridded European seasonal series of surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation (PRE) reconstructions with a regional climate simulation over the period 1500–1990. The area is analysed separately for nine subareas that represent the majority of the climate diversity in the European sector. In their spatial structure, an overall good agreement is found between the reconstructed and simulated climate features across Europe, supporting consistency in both products. Systematic biases between both data sets can be explained by a priori known deficiencies in the simulation. Simulations and reconstructions, however, largely differ in the temporal evolution of past climate for European subregions. In particular, the simulated anomalies during the Maunder and Dalton minima show stronger response to changes in the external forcings than recorded in the reconstructions. Although this disagreement is to some extent expected given the prominent role of internal variability in the evolution of regional temperature and precipitation, a certain degree of agreement is a priori expected in variables directly affected by external forcings. In this sense, the inability of the model to reproduce a warm period similar to that recorded for the winters during the first decades of the 18th century in the reconstructions is indicative of fundamental limitations in the simulation that preclude reproducing exceptionally anomalous conditions. Despite these limitations, the simulated climate is a physically consistent data set, which can be used as a benchmark to analyse the consistency and limitations of gridded reconstructions of different variables. A comparison of the leading modes of SAT and PRE variability indicates that reconstructions are too simplistic, especially for precipitation, which is associated with the linear statistical techniques used to generate the reconstructions. The analysis of the co-variability between sea level pressure (SLP) and SAT and PRE in the simulation yields a result which resembles the canonical co-variability recorded in the observations for the 20th century. However, the same analysis for reconstructions exhibits anomalously low correlations, which points towards a lack of dynamical consistency between independent reconstructions.

L'impératif en français et en anglais contemporains

As a deontic mode of enunciation, the imperative excludes any operation which implies a certain degree of agreement between speaker and addressee - presupposition, referential construction, etc. In order to make up for this fundamental disjunction, the speaker resorts to a range of compensatory devices such as the use of person desinences, the ethical dative, the position of clitic pronouns or the function of the first person plural. Yet an imperative utterance is also related to the declarative context in which it occurs, and this sometimes causes co-locution to give way to co-enunciation - witness the problem of negative imperatives, or markers of discourse consistency such as &lt;em&gt;voyons&lt;/em&gt; in French. This twofold theoretical approach is here presented as applying to the French language, and then put to the test of the English language.

Attitudes on fertility issues in breast cancer patients: an Italian survey

Background: Fertility issues should be discussed with young women before the start of any anticancer treatment. The study is aimed to investigate the attitude on fertility among Italian oncologists and breast surgeons dealing with BCa, and to report the consensus achieved on specific statements.Methods: One hundred and sixty-two panelists anonymously expressed an opinion through a web-based platform on 19 statements based on the Delphi method.Results: Ninety-one percent of oncologists considered important to discuss with patients about fertility issues and 83% believed estrogens could stimulate the growth of hidden cancer cells in ER+ tumors. Difficulties in accessing fertility preservation procedures were mainly due to patients’ reluctance, but also to lack of coordination with the assisted reproduction specialists. No full consensus was reached on the prognostic role of pregnancy after BCa. Fifty-four percent of oncologists declared that pregnancy does not affect oncologic prognosis. Treatment with GnRHa during chemotherapy was considered the only mean for preserving ovarian function.Conclusions: Fertility preservation in BCa patients is a well-accepted practice among Italian oncologists. A poor knowledge of this specific issue emerged from the survey, even if a certain degree of agreement was observed on most fertility-related issues.

Comparison between numerical models and CHENSI with experimental data (MUST) within the case of the 0° approach flow.

The MUST wind tunnel data set served as a validation case for obstacle-resolving micro-scale models in the COST Action 732 Quality Assurance and Improvement of Micro-Scale Meteorological Models.The code used for the numerical simulation is code CHENSI, simulations carried out showed a certain degree of agreement between the experimental results and those of the numerical simulation, they highlight the need for proceeding to an experimental campaign but with more measurements and the need for having a good control of determining factors in the exploitation of its results. The aim is to explain the experimental data obtained by atmospheric wind on the physical model. The site company of Mock Urban Setting Test (MUST) was selected to be simulated by the code CEN CHENSI developed by the team of Dynamique of l'atmosphere Habitee of LME/ECN. The code was based on (K- ) model of (Launder and Spalding). For the integration of the PDE (Potential Dimensional equations) constitute the mathematical model, the finite volume method of (Ferziger and Peric) was used within the decade disposition of unknowns MAC of (Harlow and Welck) for the discretisation of PDE terms. The boundary conditions were imposed according to the wall laws (In ground and on buildings) or within Dirichlet condition (Inlet boundary) or of Newman (Outlet boundary or top limit). The numerical domain used was comparable to the one of the atmospheric wind experiences within a three-dimensional Cartesian mesh. Numerical results presented in this study for the mean flow field, turbulent kinetic energy in the direction of wind incidence 0 o . For an objective comparison of the CHENSI model performances within other European codes used for MUST configuration simulation. The results obtained by the numerical modelling approach are presented in this paper.

Wireless Granary Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System

The design of a wireless temperature, humidity collecting device, the device through the integration of temperature and humidity sensors SHT11 granary and other places on the temperature and humidity for the collection, and then the data will be collected in accordance with a certain degree of agreement sent through the wireless module, the receiving party to receive unpack the data to calculate the temperature, humidity and the value displayed on the LCD screen. AT89C2051 launch system for the core parts, including temperature, humidity collection, and wireless transmitters. AT89S52 for receiving a portion of the core of the wireless receiver, combined with liquid crystal display, through appropriate software and hardware to deal with anti-jamming design of practical, small-scale collection of wireless temperature and humidity system.

Concordance correlation coefficient applied to discrete data

In any field in which decisions are subject to measurements, interchangeability between the methods used to obtain these measurements is essential. To consider methods as interchangeable, a certain degree of agreement is needed between the measurements they provide. The concordance correlation coefficient is an index that assesses the strength of agreement and it has been widely applied in situations in which measurements are made on a continuous scale. Recently the concordance correlation coefficient has been defined as a specific intraclass correlation coefficient estimated by the variance components of a Normal-Normal mixed linear model. Although this coefficient was defined for the continuous scale case, it may also be used with a discrete scale. In this case the data are often transformed and normalized, and the concordance correlation is applied. This study discusses the expression of the concordance correlation coefficient for discrete Poisson data by means of the Poisson-Normal generalized linear mixed model. The behaviour of the concordance correlation coefficient estimate is assessed by means of a simulation study, in which the estimates were compared using four models: three Normal-Normal mixed models with raw data, log-transformed data and square-root transformed data, and the Poisson-Normal generalized linear mixed model. An example is provided in which two different methods are used to measure CD34+ cells.

Gingival bleeding on repeat probing after different time intervals in plaque-induced gingivitis

The aim of this study was to assess agreement and association of gingival bleeding after repeated probing at different time intervals in subjects with gingivitis. Twenty adults participated. Periodontal probing (P approximately 1.27 MPa) was conducted at six sites of every tooth present. Probing was repeated in different quadrants immediately after the first probing (T0), after 1 h (T1), 4 h (T4), and 24 h (T24). A total of 3,459 sites were probed twice. The mean proportion of sites bleeding on probing (BOP) was 0.23 (standard deviation 0.08, range 0.10-0.41). Probing itself had a significant effect on the results of repeated probing. For T0 through T24, respective mean differences of proportions were 0.04, 0.04, 0.01, and -0.03. Ninety-five percent repeatability coefficients of proportions were 0.17-0.18. Estimates of overall kappa were 0.390, 0.234, 0.233, and 0.046 for T0 through T4, respectively. Adjusted two-level binary response models revealed odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for BOP at T0 through T4 of 6.52 (4.34, 9.80), 3.23 (2.19, 4.76), 3.80 (2.63, 5.50), and 2.68 (1.85, 3.89). It was concluded that a certain degree of agreement of site-specific bleeding scores in subjects with plaque-induced gingivitis could be observed only if probing was repeated at once. Adjusted associations between repeat BOP were weak in general, but strongest immediately after first probing. There appears to be a significant effect of probing itself, which may last for more than 1 h, whereas 24-h results are obtained under different conditions.

To merge or not to merge: That is the question

In this paper we analyze the implementation of socially optimal mergers when the regulator is not informed about all parameters that determine social and private gains from potential mergers. We show that implementation requires a certain degree of agreement between social and private incentives. The most important example where this congruence is present is when the uncertainty refers to cost savings, because in this case society and firms want costs savings to be as high as possible. Then, it is possible to induce firms to truthfully reveal the costs savings induced by the merger.

On the theory of the Franz-Keldysh effect

The excitonic optical absorption in the presence of a static electric field has been evaluated by solving the effective mass equation numerically. The results are compared with a previous approximate calculation and some experimental measurements. A certain degree of agreement has been found with experiment.