Cerebellar Abscess Research Articles

Cerebellar abscess secondary to metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: a case report

BackgroundCerebellar abscesses are rare, life-threatening infections often originating from bacterial sources, while metastatic brain lesions from lung adenocarcinoma are relatively common. However, the coexistence of a cerebellar abscess secondary to metastatic lung adenocarcinoma is exceedingly rare and presents unique diagnostic and management challenges.Case PresentationWe report a case of a 35 year-old Pakistani female patient with persistent headaches, nausea, and vertigo, who was found to have a large cerebellar mass with features suggestive of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Further investigation revealed a concomitant cerebellar abscess. Surgical excision and broad-spectrum antibiotics were initiated, resulting in a favorable outcome.ConclusionThis case showcases the rarity and complexity of cerebellar abscesses due to metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Timely intervention, including surgery and targeted therapy, is crucial for successful management. Further research is needed to enhance treatment strategies.

Cerebellar Abscess Following Craniocervical Junction Decompression for Chiari I Malformation in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Cerebellar Abscess Following Craniocervical Junction Decompression for Chiari I Malformation in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

A Rare Presentation of Occipital Dermoid Cyst with Intracranial Extension and Secondary Infection: Case Report and Follow-Up

AbstractCraniofacial dermoid cysts are congenital anomalies that rarely have intracranial extension and can be associated with other anomalies. Common sites of these lesions are the lateral brow and parietal scalp. Presentation of the dermoid cyst in the occipital region with intracranial extension is extremely rare. We report a 2-year-old female with a presentation of an occipital dermoid cyst with intracranial extension and secondary cerebellar abscess. This case highlights the rarity of the presentation of an occipital dermoid cyst with intracranial extension and secondary infection and the importance of early imaging for suspected dermoid cysts in the occipital region for identification of intracranial extension.

Evaluation of subarcuate canal on CT images in the perspective of clinical basis.

The aim of our study to contribute to the field of morphometrics by including measurements of the SAC and SAF and their distances from surrounding structures, particularly for surgeons involved in retrosigmoid approach for internal acoustic meatus tumor surgery and cerebellopontine angle surgery. Although there is limited information in the literature regarding the role of the subarcuate fossa (SAF) and subarcuate canal (SAC), it has been suggested that the SAC may be a potential pathway for infection from the middle ear to the posterior cranial fossa, and cerebellar abscesses may have this origin. For the images of our study, computerized tomography images of 118 individuals (59 females and 59 males) between the ages of 18-65 who applied to Bayındır Health Group. The width of the cranial opening of the subarcuate canal was determined as 44 ± 0.54mm, width of the labyrinth opening of the subarcuate canal was determined as 60 ± 0.42mm, Length of the subarcuate canal was determined as 8.79 ± 2.31mm, width of the subarcuate canal was determined as 5.54 ± 1.75mm, and depth of subarcuate fossa was determined as 1.67 ± 0.69mm. The distance of the cranial opening of the subarcuate canal to the superior semicircular canal (SSC-SAC/C) was measured as 5.33 ± 1.81mm, The distance of the labyrinth opening of the subarcuate canal to the superior semicircular canal (SSC-SAC/L) was measured as 3.90 ± .98mm, length of the petrous part of the temporal bone medial to the anterior semicircular canal measured from the apex to the SSCD (PLM) was measured as 33.56 ± 0.42mm. No statistically significant differences were found between the right and left sides. The morphometric measurements obtained in this study can provide useful information for neurosurgeons, neurotologist and otolaryngologists involved in retrosigmoid approach for internal acoustic meatus tumor surgery and cerebellopontine angle surgery, and for patients undergoing cochlear implant planning with a retrofacial approach.

Cerebellar Abscess of Otogenic Origin in a Case

Cerebellar Abscess of Otogenic Origin in a Case

Decision Making in Complicated Chronic Otitis Media- Squamous Active Disease on Surgical Approach: How it Influenced the Outcome?

Chronic Otitis Media (COM) with complications is a common clinical entity in Otorhinolaryngology, but advances in antibiotics and surgical techniques have reduced complication rates and mortality. Management warrants surgical disease clearance, the choice of surgical approach of which may vary. Endaural approach is a less commonly performed approach in view of its complexity and surgical expertise. This case report presents a 13-year-old female with COM-squamous active type with cerebellar abscess, managed with Lempert's endaural mastoidectomy. The patient presented with long-standing left sided purulent ear discharge, ear pain, headache, and vomiting. Diagnosis included bilateral COM-squamous active type with left cerebellar abscess, status post suboccipital craniotomy. Endaural mastoidectomy was performed to circumvent the pseudomeningocoele and achieve disease clearance. Postoperative follow-up showed well-healed scars and no evidence of disease recurrence. Chronic Otitis Media with complications requires surgical management to prevent disease progression and related complications. Surgical approaches for disease clearance include post aural and endaural techniques. Lempert's endaural approach provided a superior view of the middle ear and mastoid, facilitating disease clearance and simplifying postoperative care with enhanced cosmesis. Although endaural approach demands surgical expertise, it can be a viable option for complicated cases. In this case, Lempert's endaural canal wall down mastoidectomy effectively managed COM-squamous active type with cerebellar abscess, offering a clear view of the disease epicenter with limited bone removal. The endaural approach, in the hands of an experienced surgeon, can be a feasible alternative for surgical clearance in complicated COM cases, providing favorable outcomes with superior visibility and cosmesis.

Cerebellar Abscess Secondary to Cholesteatomatous Otomastoiditis—An Old Enemy in New Times

Chronic otitis with cholesteatoma is a potentially dangerous disease that can lead to the development of intracranial abscesses. Although cerebellar abscess is half as common as cerebral abscess, it is known for its particularly difficult diagnosis, which requires the visualization of the pathological process continuity from the mastoid to the posterior fossa. In this article, we present an extremely rare case from the literature of cholesteatomatous otomastoiditis complicated with meningitis and cerebellar abscess, along with the description of technical surgical details for the plugging of the bony defect between the mastoid and posterior fossa with muscle and surgical glue. The particularity of this case lies in the late presentation to the doctor of an immunocompetent patient, through a dramatic symptomatology of life-threatening complications. We emphasize the importance of responsibly treating any episode of middle ear infection and considering the existence of underlying pathologies. In such cases, we recommend additional neuroimaging explorations, which can prevent potentially lethal complications. The treatment of such intracranial complications must be carried out promptly and requires collaboration between a neurosurgeon and an ENT surgeon.

Clinical analysis, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for otogenic brain abscesses.

Objective: To explore the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for otogenic brain abscesses (OBA). Methods: Clinical data from 10 patients with OBA were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment experiences were summarized. Results: Two were first diagnosed in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 5 in Neurosurgery, and 3 in other departments. There were 6 cases of temporal lobe abscess and 4 cases of cerebellar abscesses. Five cases were accompanied by 1 or more intracranial complications. Headache is a common presentation in all cases. The main pathogenic bacteria were anaerobic bacteria. All patients had no previous ear or brain surgery history, and no history of traumatic brain injury, 7 received surgical treatment in the neurosurgery and/or otolaryngology department. Two patients died, the other 8 fully recovered and so were discharged. Conclusions: Diagnosis and treatment of OBA must involve multiple departments. Multidisciplinary consultation (MDT) is crucial to the success of the first OBA diagnosis. The diagnosis and treatment team develops personalized treatment plans by integrating MDT treatment opinions and combining the actual condition of patients, thereby making the diagnosis and treatment of OBA accurate and timely.

Rombo encephalitis and cerebellar abscess due to Listeria monocytogenes with fulminant course in an immunocompetent elderly patient: A case report

Listeria Monocytogenes (LM) is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause from mild infections to severe clinical pictures with neurological involvement, being responsible for sporadic cases, epidemic outbreaks and a high mortality and case fatality rate. Neurolisteriosis may present as meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rhomboencephalitis or brain abscesses. LM rhomboencephalitis is a rare disease for which advanced age and cellular immunosuppression are common risk factors, although it may occur in patients without prior immunosuppression. Spread to the CNS occurs haematogenously through the blood-brain barrier, by direct invasion or by retrograde brain migration through nerve tracts. Different diagnostic subtyping methods are available, although DNA sequencing is the technique of choice for epidemiological studies. The combination of ampicillin with gentamicin for 6-8 weeks is usually the recommended treatment, and neurosurgery may improve the prognosis in patients with brain abscess, although there are no clinical practice guidelines available with a high level of evidence. The diagnosis of LM rhomboencephalitis should be suspected in any patient with an infectious condition with evidence of meningeal or brainstem involvement. Mortality from neurolisteriosis is increasing in Europe due to the ageing population and the increase in immunocompromised patients, and can reach up to 51%. The case described in this article is exceptional, presenting acute rhomboencephalitis with cerebellar abscesses in a healthy patient with no risk factors and a fulminant course.

Multiple Brain Abscesses In A Child With Infective Endocarditis

Background: Infective endocarditis is a lethal infection affecting the endocardium of the heart and the valves.The causes are varied with staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus as the major causative agents.The triad of fever exceeding 38oc,vegetation in the heart and blood culture of the causative agents are the hallmarks of the diagnosis .The disease is known to be affect all ages with the very young age group, those with congenital heart disease and those on cardiac prosthesis as the most vulnerable. Septic emboli from the septic vegetation can spread to the brain, kidney, spleen, and lungs resulting in massive metastatic infections.It therefore has multisystemic manifestations and complications. Though neurological complications are common, brain abcess is known to be rare constituting only 1.0% of neurological complications. Objective: The study aimed at reporting occurrence of both cerebral and cerebellar micro- and macro-abscesses in a 3 year boy with infective endocarditis; a rare occurrence in the literature. Methods: This case report was carried out at University College Hospital Ibadan. Results: The boy presented with fever of 38oc for five weeks, convulsions and altered state of consciousness for ten days..In course of treatment patient however developed irritability and aggressive behaviour, which attracted the use of largactil to which he reacted with extrapyramidal signs and convulsions. Within the week he developed yellowness of the eyes and increase in abdominal girth. Patient had cranial computed tomography (CT) after plain skull X-rays and was referred to University College Hospital Ibadan as a result of the radiologically diagnosed brain abscess seen on CT images. child had grunting respiration with dyspnea, and the respiratory rate was 50/mm. However, the chest was clinically clear. In the cardiovascular system (CVS); the pulse was 140/mm, with moderate volume. The blood pressure (BP) was l60/110 mmHg. The first and second heart sounds were heard with a gallop rhythm. Cranial CT scan showed multiple ring enhancing hypodense lesions with surrounding hypodensity measuring 1cm in diameter and above with only a few measuring less than 1.0cm in both cerebral hemispheres and cerebelli in keeping with multiple cerebral and cerebellar abscesses. An echocardiography showed a brightly echogenic spot attached to the papillary muscle in the left ventricle suggesting vegetation consistent with an infective endocarditis. Retroviral test was negative for both type I and II.Blood culture — was negative, however urine culture yielded klebsiella sp. Serum urea, creatinine, Ca2+ and P04 were all elevated.The abdominal ultrasound scan confirmed the hepatosplenomegaly with decreased echogenicity but both kidneys appeared normal.There was no demonstrable ascitis. The boy was placed on antimicrobials; and had craniotomy for the drainage of the macroabscesses. He improved significantly. His renal and cardiac condition equally improved; he was subsequently discharged to continue treatment in the the paediaric outpatient. The infective endorcarditis still poses enormous challenge in management and the condition calls for multi disciplinary approach. It requires high index of suspicion for early detection; as well deployment of multiple imaging modalities by the cardiologists and radiologists to arrive at a more accurate diagnosis for effective patient management. This may save financial and material resources on part of the patients, care givers, the facility managers and the society at large.

Otogenic Cerebellar Abscess with Polymicrobial Anaerobic Infection in a Young Female- A Rare Presentation.

Brain abscess is a serious clinical condition caused by a localized collection of pus within the brain tissue. This typically occurs as a result of an infection that originates from a nearby area, such as an ear, sinus, or dental infection, or an infection in the bloodstream. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species are the most common organisms implicated in brain abscesses. Apart from aerobic growth, cases of mixed infections of both aerobic and anaerobic organisms are also commonly reported in the literature. Herein we report a 23-year-old immunocompetent female with chronic otitis media who presented with cerebellar abscess where the aerobic growth was sterile and anaerobic culture revealed pure growth of dual anaerobes viz… Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of polymicrobial anaerobic infection in cases of brain abscess.

Cerebellar Abscess A rare case

Paediatric brain abscess is a rare disease with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Brain abscess seems to occur most commonly in the age group of 4-10 years, with the least frequent sites being the cerebellum and brainstem. A cerebellar abscess is characterized by headache, nystagmus, ipsilateral ataxia, dysmetria, and vomiting [1]. Advanced diagnostic modalities such as MRI and CT scans and early administration of antimicrobial agents have drastically reduced the mortality and morbidity associated with brain abscesses.

Management of a Complex Case of a Recurrent Paraganglioma.

Paragangliomas are rare, slow-growing, hypervascular, catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors arising from the paraganglia. Paragangliomas are rarely found in the head and neck and are typically benign, presenting as a painless, slow-growing mass. Surgical extirpation in combination with long-term surveillance has been long regarded as the standard of care; however, the advances in imaging, radiation therapy, and embolization techniques have improved diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. We present a case of an 87-year-old female who had previously undergone resection of a paraganglioma in 1998, with no evidence of disease in 2002. Eighteen years later, the patient presented to the clinic with otogenic complaints. Imaging showed an expansive mass from the jugular foramen with bone destruction and opacification within the ear canal. The patient opted for observation. The patient eventually presented to the emergency room with neurologic manifestations. Imaging showed a cerebellar abscess prompting emergency drainage. Intraoperative cultures grew Prevotella loescheii and S. intermedius, and the patient was started on 6 weeks of IV antibiotic therapy. Debulking of the paraganglioma was performed followed several months by mastoid and ear canal obliteration; however, the patient experienced complications, including dehiscence of the external auditory canal and Clostridium difficile infection. The patient was eventually treated successfully, marked by a reduction in complaints, a return to baseline activities, and imaging showing no increase in tumor size.

Multiple cerebellar abscesses due to <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in an immunocompetent patient: a case report

Multiple cerebellar abscesses due to <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in an immunocompetent patient: a case report

Posterior Fossa Intradural Dermoid Cyst with a Dermal Sinus Complicating with Cerebellar Abscess and Acute Obstructive Hydrocephalus in a Child: Case Report

Posterior Fossa Dermoid Cysts (PFDCs), associated with a Dermal Sinus (DS), are rare congenital brain tumors. More rarely, PFDCs may complicate with cerebellar abscess or hydrocephalus. These complications are represented in only a few case reports as a separate entity.

Bilateral Tuberculous Otitis Media with Cerebellar Abscess in an Immunocompromised Child

Bilateral Tuberculous Otitis Media with Cerebellar Abscess in an Immunocompromised Child

Cranial extramedullary hematopoiesis with pancreatic secondary hemochromatosis in a beta thalassemia patient: A case report

Thalassemia is one of the most worrying hemolytic disorder with wide range of evolving clinical alterations based on the type, severity of affected hematopoietic mechanisms and repeated transfusions to correct underlying anemia.We present a 13 year old female patient diagnosed with thalassemia major showing features of cranial extra medullary hematopoiesis with severe intracranial infections in the form of cerebellar abscess and otomastoiditis extending in to adjacent sinus venouses, Iron deposition in liver & pancreas and incidental findings of uncomplicated horse shoe kidney.Extra medullary hematopoiesis is a catch up mechanism at the failing medullary hematopoeising to keep in check the hemoglobin levels without causing much physiological imbalance.EMH usually affects visceral structures like liver, spleen lymph nodes and thorax. Less commonly pleura, lungs, GIT, breast, skin, kidneys, adrenals and rarely the cranium and intracranial structures. Here, we present one of the rare presentations of cranial EMH in the background of severe intracranial infection.

Otogenic Cerebellar Abscess with Cholesteatoma

Otogenic brain abscesses are the second-most common intracranial complication observed in patients of chronic otitis media, more frequently occurring with cholesteatoma. Due to the availability of antibiotics and advanced imaging techniques, the incidence and mortality of otogenic brain abscesses has reduced. Nevertheless, we still come across cases of otogenic brain abscess in modern times. Here, we report a case of the left ear chronic otitis media, squamosal type with intracranial complication of the left cerebellar abscess in a 14-year-old girl. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a thick-walled cystic lesion in the left cerebellar hemisphere measuring 41 mm × 28 mm × 26 mm suggestive of brain abscess. High-resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone showed soft-tissue density in the left mastoid air cells, in epitympanum, and mesotympanum encasing the left middle ear ossicular chain, suggestive of chronic otomastoiditis with possible underlying cholesteatoma. The patient underwent left retromastoid suboccipital craniotomy and excision of brain abscess followed by the left modified radical mastoidectomy 1 month later. Follow-up scan at 6 months showed no recurrence or any residual disease. Hence, timely surgical intervention for complicated chronic otitis media gives satisfactory results.

Cerebellar or pericerebellar abscess

This datasheet on cerebellar or pericerebellar abscess covers Identity, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis.

VERTIGO AS AN INITIAL MANIFESTATION OF CHRONIC CEREBELLAR ABSCESS- CASE REPORT

Chronic cerebellar abscess is a rare clinical condition, considering the protective function of the blood-brain barrier. The prevalence of brain abscess is increasing with the increase in the number of people living with HIV, especially abscesses caused by a fungal infection. We present the case of a 67 year old male patient with acute onset of dizziness, associated with nausea, vomiting and unstable gait. Initial neurological examination revealed dysarthric speech, with discrete central paresis of the facial nerve, latent left-sided ataxic hemiparesis. In order to clarify the etiology of the expansive change in the left cerebellum, a series of examinations were performed. MRI of the brain was performed with IV contrast, which showed an oval intraaxial lesion with a maximum diameter of 20 x16 mm, on the left cerebellar side. Routine biochemical analyzes was normal, Immunoassay analysis of serum detected a multiple increase in the serum concentration of Immunglobulin E. In consultation with an infectologist, several samples of cerebrospinal fluid were sent for microbiological, parasitological (antibodies to toxoplasmosis, echinococcus and cysticercosis) and serological analysis. The patient was referred to a hematologist again, when a PET scan was performed which showed the presence of metabolically inactive lymph nodes, the same with benign characteristics. A craniotomy and surgical extirpation of the lesion were performed in consultation with a neurosurgeon. The treatment of brain abscesses is multidisciplinary and includes: a neurologist, infectologist, radiologist, neurosurgeon and an internal medicine specialist. Keywords: brain abscess, magnetic resonance imaging. &nbsp