Centralized Management System Research Articles

Design and implementation of real-time log analysis based on ELK

With the rapid development of the IT industry, the integrated solution of real-time log analysis has become a member of the new generation of IT operation and maintenance structure. The traditional manual log analysis system is no longer suitable for the rapid development of the operation and maintenance system. The log analysis software commonly used in enterprises includes Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana systems. The advantage is that it is free and open source. "Design and implementation of real-time log analysis based on ELK" was born for system maintenance and developers to understand server software and hardware information through logs, and check the cumbersome operations in the configuration process. Because frequent analysis of the log can understand the load of the server, performance security, so as to take timely measures to correct errors. If you manage dozens or hundreds of servers, there is no centralized log management system to collect and summarize the logs on all servers, which causes great difficulties for operation and maintenance managers. "Design and implementation of real-time log analysis based on ELK" uses Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana to achieve unified collection and classification of server logs, which can solve the defects of traditional log analysis platforms, improve the efficiency of server application positioning problems, and help enterprises solve data center problems running problems of related applications.

Streamlining ICT Network Resources, Processes and Operations through a Centralized Management System: A Development and Evaluation

This study aims to provide an inventory and monitoring system for the ICT Network and Telecommunication Department at Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite. As it streamlines the management and documentation of network equipment and IP addresses under a single, centralized system, it incorporates integrated management features to carry out and improve network resource management operations. The development of the system was presented with the use of the Agile Model, which illustrates the client's workflow, allowing for changes and discussions based on the client's feedback; the model involves planning, design, implementation, testing, and evaluation, allowing continuous improvement, and providing high-quality systems that met the client's requirements. In addition, the system's components were tested for unit functionality and browser compatibility by the technical adviser, (2) administrators, and (5) IT experts. Furthermore, the system also underwent an evaluation process based on ISO 25010 to measure its Compatibility, Usability, Reliability, Functional Suitability, Security, Portability, Maintainability, and Performance Efficiency, participated by (1) a technical adviser, (2) administrators, (10) IT Experts, and (10) end users. The findings revealed that the system was fully operational and could carry out its designated functions, with an average result of 98.93% passing rate. No component failed during testing in the presence of the specified test respondents. From the responses of the determined evaluators, all aspects of the system are deemed “Highly Acceptable.” The implications of these findings indicate that the ICT Network Resource Management System for LPU Cavite has met the requirements and expectations set forth. The system's compliance with ISO 25010 requirements, successful test results, and high-end user acceptability highlight its potential to enhance the management and monitoring processes, leading to more efficient and effective management for the university’s ICT network and telecommunication department. Keywords: ICT, Network Management System, ICT Network Resources, Streamlining ICT Resources Received Date: April 12, 2024Revised Date: May 17, 2024Accepted Date: May 26, 2024

MetaSSI: A Framework for Personal Data Protection, Enhanced Cybersecurity and Privacy in Metaverse Virtual Reality Platforms

The Metaverse brings together components of parallel processing computing platforms, the digital development of physical systems, cutting-edge machine learning, and virtual identity to uncover a fully digitalized environment with equal properties to the real world. It possesses more rigorous requirements for connection, including safe access and data privacy, which are necessary with the advent of Metaverse technology. Traditional, centralized, and network-centered solutions fail to provide a resilient identity management solution. There are multifaceted security and privacy issues that hinder the secure adoption of this game-changing technology in contemporary cyberspace. Moreover, there is a need to dedicate efforts towards a secure-by-design Metaverse that protects the confidentiality, integrity, and privacy of the personally identifiable information (PII) of users. In this research paper, we propose a logical substitute for established centralized identity management systems in compliance with the complexity of the Metaverse. This research proposes a sustainable Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI), a fully decentralized identity management system to mitigate PII leaks and corresponding cyber threats on all multiverse platforms. The principle of the proposed framework ensures that the users are the only custodians and proprietors of their own identities. In addition, this article provides a comprehensive approach to the implementation of the SSI principles to increase interoperability and trustworthiness in the Metaverse. Finally, the proposed framework is validated using mathematical modeling and proved to be stringent and resilient against modern-day cyber attacks targeting Metaverse platforms.

Designing a multi-objective energy management system in multiple interconnected water and power microgrids based on the MOPSO algorithm

In this paper, a method of the energy management system (EMS) in multiple microgrids considering the constraints of power flow based on the three-objective optimization model is presented. The studied model specifications, the variable speed pumps in the water network as well and the storage tanks are optimally planned as flexible resources to reduce operating costs and pollution. The proposed method is implemented hierarchically through two primary and secondary control layers. At the primary control level, each microgrid performs local planning for its subscribers and energy generation resources, and their excess or unsupplied power is determined. Then, by sending this information to the central energy management system (CEMS) at the secondary level, it determines the amount of energy exchange, taking into account the limitations of power flow. Energy storage systems (ESS) are also considered to maintain the balance between power generation by renewable energy sources and consumption load. Also, the demand response (DR) program has been used to smooth the load curve and reduce operating costs. Finally, in this article, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) is used to solve the proposed three-objective problem with three cost functions generation, pollution, and pump operation. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted with uncertainties of 25 % and 50 % in network generation units, exploring their impact on objective functions. The proposed model has been tested on the microgrid of a 33-bus test distribution and 15-node test water system and has been investigated for different cases. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of the integration of water and power network planning in reducing the operating cost and emission of pollution in such a way that the proposed control scheme properly controls the performance of microgrids and the network in interactions with each other and has a high level of robustness, stable behavior under different conditions and high quality of the power supply. In such a way that improvements of 41.1 %, 52.2 %, and 20.4 % in the defined objective functions and the evaluation using DM, SM, and MID indices further confirms the algorithm's enhanced performance in optimizing the specified objective functions by 51 %, 11 %, and 5.22 %, respectively.

Optimizing bandwidth utilization and traffic control in ISP networks for enhanced smart agriculture.

As the demand for high-bandwidth Internet connections continues to surge, industries are exploring innovative ways to harness this connectivity, and smart agriculture stands at the forefront of this evolution. In this paper, we delve into the challenges faced by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in efficiently managing bandwidth and traffic within their networks. We propose a synergy between two pivotal technologies, Multi-Protocol Label Switching-Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE) and Diffserv Quality of Service (Diffserv-QoS), which have implications beyond traditional networks and resonate strongly with the realm of smart agriculture. The increasing adoption of technology in agriculture relies heavily on real-time data, remote monitoring, and automated processes. This dynamic nature requires robust and reliable high-bandwidth connections to facilitate data flow between sensors, devices, and central management systems. By optimizing bandwidth utilization through MPLS-TE and implementing traffic control mechanisms with Diffserv-QoS, ISPs can create a resilient network foundation for smart agriculture applications. The integration of MPLS-TE and Diffserv-QoS has resulted in significant enhancements in throughput and a considerable reduction in Jitter. Employment of the IPv4 header has demonstrated impressive outcomes, achieving a throughput of 5.83 Mbps and reducing Jitter to 3 msec.

Sustainable aquatic resource management and inland fisheries in tropical Asia: Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches

The intensive utilization of tropical inland water bodies for multiple and sometimes competing activities underlines the necessity for their integrated and holistic co-management. This paper presents our synthesis on lake and reservoir fisheries in South and Southeast Asia as social–ecological systems, based on a synopsis of our research findings from a previous EU-funded research programme in Sri Lanka, Thailand and the Philippines (FISHSTRAT project). The paper attempts to merge our results with recent developments in research, policy and practice. We explore the effects of the main external and internal control mechanisms of the trophic state and pinpoint to the high production potential of traditionally unexploited small indigenous fish species. The limitations of conventional centralized management systems highlight the importance of introducing transdisciplinary approaches which integrate limnology, fish ecology and fisheries with the interests of other resource using stakeholders and decision makers in order to develop locally appropriate co-management strategies for sustainable aquatic resource use.

A systematic study on integrating blockchain in healthcare for electronic health record management and tracking medical supplies

In the current landscape of swiftly evolving technology, security remains a paramount concern. Motivated by the challenges presented during pandemics such as COVID-19, this article aims to enhance healthcare transparency and expedite treatment processes. The existing centralized medical data management system scatters patient records across disparate hospitals and pharmacies, prompting the necessity for a patient-centric data repository. The integration of blockchain emerges as a viable solution, giving patients control over their information and facilitating seamless sharing with relevant institutions—be it hospitals, pharmacies, or insurance firms. This article outlines a strategic framework for securing medical data based on comprehensive literature review and proposes measures derived from previous studies. Furthermore, the study explores blockchain's application in tracing medicinal supplies, crucial for detecting counterfeit medications within the supply chain. Detailed elucidation of IBM Research's proposed model highlights the potential of blockchain in this domain. Additionally, an extensive comparative analysis of existing models underscores their strengths and limitations in these healthcare applications. Challenges persist in deploying blockchain in developing countries, primarily due to resource limitations, signalling the need for tailored solutions conducive to such environments. This study serves as an exploration, emphasising the need for continued research and innovation in harnessing blockchain's potential for healthcare transformation.

School principals’ practices and their facing barriers to sustainable development in Turkish K12 schools

ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine school principals’ practices and barriers to sustainable development in Turkish K-12 schools governed by centralized management. The present research focused on sustainable school buildings (energy saving, water saving, natural school gardens), clean drinking water, healthy nutrition, recycling, centralized management system, local governments, and the education of students and families for sustainable development. The research was designed using a case study approach. The semi-structured interview technique was used. The data were analyzed deductively according to literature and research questions. The results indicated leadership skills especially distributed and transformational leadership skills for sustainable development, the collaboration of universities, colleagues, and municipalities, the education of the school public, the necessity of rewards and accreditation systems, and the importance of methods for the education of students. Also, this research emphasizes clean drinking water in low socioeconomic areas, the need for healthy nutrition, the climate condition of the region and the need for a school budget under a centralized management approach.

FusionQuery: On-demand Fusion Queries over Multi-source Heterogeneous Data

Centralised data management systems (e.g., data lakes) support queries over multi-source heterogeneous data. However, the query results from multiple sources commonly involve between-source conflicts, which makes query results unreliable and confusing and degrades the usability of centralised data management systems. Therefore, resolving the between-sourced conflicts is one of the most important problems for centralised data management systems. To solve it, many batch data fusion-based methods have been proposed, which require traversing all the data in the centralised data management systems and cause scalability and flexibility issues. To address these issues, this paper explores the problem of on-demand fusion queries, where the between-sourced conflicts are solved with only the query-related data; moreover, we propose an efficient on-demand fusion query framework, FusionQuery, which consists of a query stage and a fusion stage. In the query stage, we frame the heterogeneous data query problem as a knowledge graph matching problem and present a line graph-based method to accelerate it. In the fusion stage, we develop an Expectation Maximization-style algorithm to iteratively updates data veracity and source trustworthiness. Furthermore, we design an incremental estimation method of source trustworthiness to address the lack of sufficient observations. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate that FusionQuery outperforms state-of-the-art data fusion methods in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency.

Asian Cohort for Alzheimer's Disease (ACAD) pilot study on genetic and non-genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease among Asian Americans and Canadians.

Clinical research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) lacks cohort diversity despite being a global health crisis. The Asian Cohort for Alzheimer's Disease (ACAD) was formed to address underrepresentation of Asians in research, and limited understanding of how genetics and non-genetic/lifestyle factors impact this multi-ethnic population. The ACAD started fully recruiting in October 2021 with one central coordination site, eight recruitment sites, and two analysis sites. We developed a comprehensive study protocol for outreach and recruitment, an extensive data collection packet, and a centralized data management system, in English, Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese. ACAD has recruited 606 participants with an additional 900 expressing interest in enrollment since program inception. ACAD's traction indicates the feasibility of recruiting Asians for clinical research to enhance understanding of AD risk factors. ACAD will recruit>5000 participants to identify genetic and non-genetic/lifestyle AD risk factors, establish blood biomarker levels for AD diagnosis, and facilitate clinical trial readiness. The Asian Cohort for Alzheimer's Disease (ACAD) promotes awareness of under-investment in clinical research for Asians. We are recruiting Asian Americans and Canadians for novel insights into Alzheimer's disease. We describe culturally appropriate recruitment strategies and data collection protocol. ACAD addresses challenges of recruitment from heterogeneous Asian subcommunities. We aim to implement a successful recruitment program that enrolls across three Asian subcommunities.

A command centre implementation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a community hospital

IntroductionThe objective of the study was to assess the effects of high-reliability system by implementing a command centre (CC) on clinical outcomes in a community hospital before and during COVID-19 pandemic from the year 2016 to 2021.MethodsA descriptive, retrospective study was conducted at an acute care community hospital. The administrative data included monthly average admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, average length of stay, total ICU length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. In-hospital acquired events were recorded and defined as one of the following: cardiac arrest, cerebral infarction, respiratory arrest, or sepsis after hospital admissions. A subgroup statistical analysis of patients with in-hospital acquired events was performed. In addition, a subgroup statistical analysis was performed for the department of medicine.ResultsThe rates of in-hospital acquired events and in-hospital mortality among all admitted patients did not change significantly throughout the years 2016 to 2021. In the subgroup of patients with in-hospital acquired events, the in-hospital mortality rate also did not change during the years of the study, despite the increase in the ICU admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic.Although the in-hospital mortality rate did not increase for all admitted patients, the in-hospital mortality rate increased in the department of medicine.ConclusionImplementation of CC and centralized management systems has the potential to improve quality of care by supporting early identification and real-time management of patients at risk of harm and clinical deterioration, including COVID-19 patients.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ В СФЕРЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ

The applied models of development in the socio-cultural sphere of personnel management lost their relevance at the beginning of the XXI century with the entry of Russia into the reformed period. The sphere of culture has faced social democratization and the removal of restrictions in the policy of culture, and the departure from the centralized management system in the field of culture has brought the relationship between culture and the state, cultural organizations and personnel to a new level. Personnel working in the cultural sphere do not perceive innovations, and the use of outdated management methods hinder the development of an institutional nature. Russian citizens have become more interested in foreign culture, there is a tendency to decrease interest in traditional domestic and world culture. All these changes are accompanied by the decline of the Russian production of cultural goods and services. Prestigious cultural institutions and institutions are trying to survive, but their results are not sustainable. Modern conditions force us to switch to new methods of personnel management in order to effectively develop the sphere of culture, Russian production and the country as a whole.

Reducing Supply Chain Management Risks in the Health Sector of Ghana: An Evaluation of the Central Level Supply Chain Management System of The Ghana Health Service

Supply Chain Management plays an indispensable role in any organization’s overall performance and success. The domain of Supply Chain Management has been of great research interest in recent years. In the ever-growing healthcare world, where most healthcare organizations are confronted with diverse SCM risks and growing customer demand trends, effective and efficient SCM has been identified as a tool to help them overcome this challenge. However, the main hurdle had been how to find innovative approaches to meet customer demands that will minimize operational costs. To address these concerns and deliver effective and efficient healthcare, the Government of Ghana represented by the Ministry of Health (MOH) and Ghana Health Service (GHS) in partnership with the Global Fund, GAVI, and the World Bank have deployed several interventions fundamentally founded on procurement and supply chain management to improve healthcare service delivery across the country. The interventions: Health commodity supply chain master plan (HCSCMP), the Last Mile Distribution (LMD), and the Ghana Integrated Logistics Management Information System (GhiLMIS), focus mainly on procurement, inventory, warehousing, and transportation of medical and non-medical products. The success and sustenance of these collaborative interventions in Supply Chain management within the health sector in Ghana hinges on key elements such as putting in place stringent procurement policies, ensuring availability of qualified personnel, transportation facilities to aid effective and efficient distribution, and paying attention to risk management practices. This study sought to examine the supply chain risk management practices at the central level of GHS and its regional and districts medical stores to identify the challenges of the existing SCM system and propose measures of addressing these challenges. The scope of the study was limited to the Ghana Health Service Supply Chain Practitioners (GHSSCP) at the central level and their collaborators at the regional levels (the Regional Health Directorates). Quantitative method was used in the study and the main research instrument used for the study was questionnaire administration. However, the study used convenience and purposive sampling techniques due to the sensitive nature of the subject matter. The target respondents were mainly Supply Chain Practitioners: supplies managers, procurement officers, general stores and pharmacy stores officers. The study relied on SPSS and used descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze data. The study found that notwithstanding the introduction of key interventions such as health commodity supply chain master plan (HCSCMP), the Last Mile Distribution (LMD) of health commodities from the Central level to Regional medical stores and to health facilities (Hospitals and the District Health Directorates), and the introduction of the Ghana Integrated Logistics Management Information System (GhiLMIS) as a technology tool for health commodity management at all levels across the public health sector SCM system which collective objective is to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the system through the minimization of SCM risks, interruptions, and vulnerabilities, there still exist a yawning underperforming gap due to the systems overly centralization and lack of priority for SCM risk reduction measures making the system still not performing at its full potential. The study concluded that there are basic weaknesses in almost all the supply chain dimensions covered: risk identification, risk assessment and mitigation, Supply Chain Risk Management Governance, impact of supply chain risk management, and employee supply chain risk routine activities because the much-needed attention is not given to SCM activities. The study recommended reforms including the establishment of a Supply Chain Risk Management Unit (SCRMU) at all levels (national, regional, and districts) under the direct supervision of Health Administration and Support services (HASS), the introduction of SCM performance contracts, and the implementation of a stronger but user-friendly technology driven SCM system including e-procurement, warehouse management tracking, supported by a robust feedback system to ensure risk free SCM

Smart Waste Management System for Smart & Sustainable City of Indonesia’s New State Capital: A Literature Review

Urbanization in Indonesia has led to increased waste generation, posing significant challenges to sustainability. Until now, the method for collecting and transporting waste in Indonesia is still done manually. Nusantara, the New State Capital of Indonesia, aims to address these challenges through the adoption of a Smart Waste Management System (SWMS), leveraging IoT and ICT technologies. This paper reviews the current state of technology research in this field. The proposed SWMS framework integrates various types of sensors for waste monitoring, categorizing, and real-time tracking. This system enhances operational efficiency by triggering waste pickup when bin fill levels exceed a set threshold and directing waste pickup vehicles equipped with GPS and surveillance systems to specific locations. Managed by a central management system accessible via web or mobile applications, this framework exemplifies an innovative approach to waste management in Nusantara, aligning with the city’s vision of becoming a smart and sustainable urban area. The paper concludes that integrating IoT and ICT in waste management is crucial for achieving sustainable urban environments. The successful implementation of SWMS in Nusantara could serve as a model for other cities globally.

IoT Based Automated Waste Management System for Sustainable Cities

Innovative approaches are required to effectively manage waste disposal and recycling in light of the growing global waste crisis. Conventional waste management systems frequently require real-time data and inefficiencies to be addressed, which results in inefficient use of resources and damage to the environment. In order to assess waste management, this paper suggests utilizing data analytics and Internet of Things (IoT) technology advancements along with the integration of smart bins. Installing compactors to optimize space usage, sensors to detect fill levels, and connectivity to send real-time data to a central management system are all features of smart bins. This makes it possible for waste management firms and municipalities to keep an eye on waste generation trends, improve collection routes, and more efficiently allocate resources. Furthermore, by adding features like gamification and reward programs, smart bins can encourage recycling and promote public engagement in sustainable waste management practices. Comparing smart bins to conventional waste management techniques reveals a number of benefits. Municipalities that offer actionable insights into waste generation and disposal behaviors can lower operating costs, minimize their impact on the environment, and improve overall service quality. Additionally, incorporating smart bins improves the quality of life for locals and promotes sustainability in line with larger smart city initiatives. This study looks at the technical aspects of smart bin systems, looks at case studies of effective installations, and talks about possible obstacles and factors to take into account before broad adoption. Communities can set the path for a future that is more effective, sustainable, and environmentally conscious by reevaluating waste management with smart bins.

A Literature Review for Understanding the Development of Smart Parking Systems

Smart parking systems that use AI, data analytics, and IoT are a result of urbanization and rising automobile utilization. These systems are designed to enhance user experience, shorten search times, and make the most of available space. AI analyzes real-time data, proposes open places, and projects demand in the future. Infrastructure costs, stakeholder cooperation, and system compatibility continue to be issues, nevertheless. To maintain user confidence, privacy, and ethical usage in the study of smart parking systems, in-depth literature reviews are essential. The systematic literature review (SLR) method was used to examine AI-based smart parking solutions, such as wireless sensor networks, ultrasonic sensor nodes, reservation-based systems, intelligent parking guidance, IoT-based on-street infraction monitoring, central parking management systems, and energy-efficient automated solutions. Budgetary restrictions, stakeholder participation, interoperability concerns, data privacy, security, and moral ambiguities are all problems. To test scenarios, understand rules, processes, and algorithms in limited contexts, researchers need to develop reliable outdoor sensor and data technologies for outside application.

Quality of Environmental Impact Assessment Reports for Lodge Developments in Protected Areas: The Okavango Delta Case, Botswana

This paper evaluates the quality of environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports for lodge developments in Botswana’s Okavango Delta, which is a wetland of international importance and forms part of a transboundary conservation area and world heritage site. A quality review of 31 EIA reports, approved between 2013 and 2021, was conducted by applying a context specific EIA report quality review package. The review package consists of four review areas with seventeen categories and 64 sub-categories, adapted from similar international packages to address the specific legal requirements for EIA in Botswana as well as best practice. Results show that the overall quality of the reports are poor, with 71% graded as ‘unsatisfactory’. In general, descriptive areas of the EIA reports fared better, while the performance of the more analytical areas was ‘poor’. Key areas of weakness include - the identification of impacts; prediction and assessment of impact magnitude; as well as identifying alternatives and mitigation measures. Overall results suggest that currently EIA report content is insufficient to inform decision-making towards sustainable tourism development in the Okavango Delta. It is recommended that areas of weakness can be addressed by providing clear strategic direction; developing a central data management system; setting norms and standards for tourism development as well as building capacity and awareness of key stakeholders. This will ensure that EIA remains a tool of choice for decision making and avoid becoming a mere ‘red-tape’/administrative process aimed at securing development approvals.

Review on microgrids design and monitoring approaches for sustainable green energy networks

Microgrids are power distribution systems that can operate either in a grid-connected configuration or in an islanded manner, depending on the availability of decentralized power resources, such as sustainable or non-sustainable power sources, battery backup systems, and power demands. The extensive adoption of inverter-based systems poses numerous technological challenges, necessitating a centralized management system to assure the system reliability and monitoring of the energy delivery networks. Thus, this research begins by highlighting these significant obstacles and then analyzes the present-day advances in multilevel control architecture for delivering on promised functionality. This article also discusses the development of innovative control technologies, such as introducing collaborative distributed approaches and reducing conventional three-stage patriarchal administration to fewer stages of system integration and functioning.

A multi-criteria decision framework for circular wastewater systems in emerging megacities of the Global South

Lima faces increasing water stress due to demographic growth, climate change and outdated water management infrastructure. Moreover, its highly centralized wastewater management system is currently unable to recover water or other resources. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to identify suitable wastewater treatment alternatives for both eutrophication mitigation and indirect potable reuse (IPR). For eutrophication mitigation, we examined MLE, Bardenpho, Step-feed, HF-MBR, and FS-MBR. For IPR, we considered secondary treatment+UF + RO + AOP or MBR + RO + AOP. These alternatives form part of a WWTP network at a district level, aiding Lima's pursuit of a circular economy approach. This perspective allows reducing environmental impacts through resource recovery, making the system more resilient to disasters and future water shortages. The methods used to assess these scenarios were Life Cycle Assessment for the environmental dimension; Life Cycle Costing for the economic perspective; and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to integrate both the quantitative tools aforementioned and qualitative criteria for social and techno-operational dimensions, which combined, strengthen the decision-making process. The decision-making steered towards Bardenpho for eutrophication abatement when environmental and economic criteria were prioritized or when the four criteria were equally weighted, while HF-MBR was the preferred option when techno-operational and social aspects were emphasized. In this scenario, global warming (GW) impacts ranged from 0.23 to 0.27 kg CO2eq, eutrophication mitigation varied from 6.44 to 7.29 g PO4− equivalent, and costs ranged between 0.12 and 0.17 €/m3. Conversely, HF-MBR + RO + AOP showed the best performance when IPR was sought from the outset. In the IPR scenario, GW impacts were significantly higher, at 0.46–0.51 kg CO2eq, eutrophication abatement was above 98 % and costs increased to ca. 0.44 €/m3.

Asian Cohort for Alzheimer’s Disease Pilot Study on Genetic and Non‐Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease among Asian Americans and Canadians

AbstractBackgroundAsian Americans and Canadians (ASACs) are the fastest growing minority group in the U.S. and Canada. However, ASACs are under‐sampled in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research. To address the need of culturally appropriate clinical protocols and community‐based recruitment approaches for ASACs, the Asian Cohort for Alzheimer’s Disease (ACAD), the first large dementia genetics cohort currently focuses on Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese, launched in 2021 to examine genetic and non‐genetic risk factors for AD among ASACs. Our clinical and community‐based participatory research (CPBR) scientists have a long collaborative history and diverse cultural and scientific training backgrounds: both are critical in leading AD and CBPR research.MethodThe ACAD pilot study has 7 recruiting sites (5 US and 2 Canadian), a coordinating site, and an analysis site. ACAD piloted a comprehensive study protocol including community outreach and recruitment strategies, the data collection packet (DCP), pre‐screening and sample collection procedures, and a centralized data management system in English, Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), Korean, and Vietnamese. To ensure the protocol consistency, ACAD implemented a training curriculum for the administration of the DCP and for culturally appropriate approaches to recruitment in collaboration with community partners, clinics, and nursing homes that serve Asian communities.ResultAs of December 2022, ACAD’s pilot study has consented 606 participants, 527 participants have complete DCP data submitted to REDCap (448 Chinese, 54 Korean, and 25 Vietnamese), and more than 1,500 people have expressed interests in ACAD. The majority 66.2%)women. The age range of the sample is 60‐93 years. 47.3% have college or graduate level education. 451 participants provided a saliva (274) or a blood (177) sample. Feedback in pilot indicates a need to adapt the Early Life Enrichment inventory further to apply to wartime deprivation conditions for this population, as well as more cultural tailored neuropsychological tests.ConclusionACAD has learned valuable experience in interactions with ASACs and shown the feasibility of recruiting ASACs in clinical research. With an expansion plan and in collaboration with other AD research focuses on minority, insights from ACAD may identify potential novel, population‐specific therapeutic pathways for AD.