Manifestation Of Central Nervous System Involvement Research Articles

CNS Complications of Systemic Malignancy amongst patients attending a Radiotherapy facility in Lagos

Introduction: The Central nervous system (CNS) is a frequent a site of relapse of systemic cancer. There are few data available in literature about the frequency and nature of symptomatic histopathological variants of secondary brain/spinal tumours drawn against the gender/age distribution in our environment. Objective: To study the frequency and manifestation of CNS involvement in patients with systemic cancer for a high index of suspicion so that practitioner will have highest index of suspicion to make early diagnosis and treatment in our environment.Material and methods: A total of 119 patients with histological confirmed cases of cancer with secondaries to the CNS, were analysed for this study. Results: CNS metastasis were more common in female (67%) than male (33%) p=0.047. Spinal cord metastasis is the most common type of neurological manifestation (66.9%) with p=0.011. Breast (60.5%) and prostate (21%) were the most common site of primary tumour. Neurological manifestations were mostly associated with advanced Stage tumours (54.9%) (p=0.000). Approximately half of the cases, 56 (54.9%) were presented at late stage (4). Neurological manifestation occurred <6 months (43.1%) after initial diagnosis of the primary tumour. Spinal/radicular pain was the most prevalent among the patients (43%). CT scan/MRI Imaging in (52.6%) and mode of treatment was radiotherapy (99%) of patients. Conclusion: Even though therapy is largely palliative, research should focus on enhancing the efficacy of whole brain radiotherapy and invest in the biosynthesis of synergistic new systemic agents that could also cross the BBB.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i4.11805 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(4) 2015 55-60

AB0720 Reduced olfaction and clinical significance in systemic lupus erythematosus

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects 0.1% of the world population and central nervous system involvement in the disease neuropsychiatric SLE has been observed in 12–95%...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific antibodies, neutralizing activity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patients.

We assessed the capacity of cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) and sera from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients to neutralize HIV and to mediate specific antibody-dependent lysis of HIV-infected target cells. A local HIV-specific intrathecal antibody synthesis was found in all stages of HIV infection regardless of neurological manifestations. Virus-neutralizing antibodies could not be detected in the CSF of patients with primary encephalitis or polyneuropathy. Cytotoxic antibodies mediating HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were demonstrable in the CSF of most patients without evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement, but only in 43% of cases with HIV encephalitis. In some cases, the exclusive detection of ADCC activity in either the CSF or serum compartment suggested the presence of non-identical target antigens in the CSF and serum of the same patient. Further studies are needed to clarify the significance of these findings for the manifestation of CNS involvement in HIV infection.