Central Kalimantan Province Research Articles

Paludiculture: Peatland utilization for food security

Degraded tropical peatland in Indonesia has been restored since 2016 through 3R efforts including rewetting, revegetation, and revitalization of local livelihood. Many studies concluded that the involvement of the local community is the key to the success of peatland restoration. The restoration that touches the local community’s livelihood will be well accepted and adopted. Paludiculture is cultivation in wetlands. It is an alternative to peatland utilization without drainage. This paper presents challenges and opportunities in the establishment and development of paludiculture and at the same time presents paludiculture species that have been developed in Central Kalimantan province to support food security. A survey on food-producing paludiculture species was carried out in semi-structured interviews and field observation in Central Kalimantan. The results showed that the presence of food-producing paludiculture species was very limited. Lack of information and knowledge on local peatland species, lack of seed sources and inappropriate rewetting techniques were challenges that are being faced in the development of paludiculture.

The dynamics of benthic invertebrates in different part of peat swamp forests converted to rice fields

The Indonesian government plans to turn Central Kalimantan province into a national food barn by planting rice paddies in several places, including in shallow peatlands. Tropical peatlands have limited potential to be used as agricultural land since the growing media in some cases, is not conducive to root development, saturated-water soil that poissons the plants. Aquatic invertebrates can be used as indicators to determine whether water quality in a field is safe for plants or not. The objective of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of benthic in different part of aquatic ecosystems on peat swamp forests. This study was conducted in Peat Techno Park (PTP) of the University of Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan. Samples were collected from 9 stations with different forms of land use for agricultural activities, namely unplowed paddy fields, plowed fields, swamps, connecting ditches, beje, natural peat swamp forests, breeding ponds, and irrigation ponds. Data were collected over 6 months and coincided with the peak of dry and wet seasons. The abundance and species of aquatic invertebrates were then analyzed some related physic-chemical parameters, such as depth, water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed that the macrozoobenthos species found on this study was slightly rare. There was identified merely 3 genera, include in the two benthic groups, e.i. Annelida and insect. As to the insect, the dominant species was from the order of Diptera and family of Chironomidae, especially Chironomus. Spatially, stations 1 (unplowed rice fields), 2 (ploughed rice fields), 3 (peat swamp forest), 7 (cultivated ponds), and 9 (new beje) were particularly abundant. In this case, the conversion of peat swamp forests to rice fields and fish culture ponds will possibly promote greater diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrate communities.

Risk analysis of social forestry business management of national economic recovery program in the peatland of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has experienced a negative economic impact due to the Covid-19 pandemic since early 2020. In overcoming this impact, the government has taken strategic steps by implementing the National Economic Recovery (PEN) program. One of the PEN programs implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry is community economic development for peat farmer groups through the development of agroforestry food in 35 Social Forestry Business Groups (KUPS) in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. It is one of the regencies known to have quite a large peatland area in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the risk management of the 35 KUPS PEN program in peatland. A qualitative desk study methodology was used along with the fishbone model analysis. The results showed that various types of business activities had been developed by KUPS. In the management of social forestry businesses, various risks were identified starting from regional governance, institutional governance, and business governance. The PEN program implemented in 2020 showed a positive impact in improving the community's economy with a positive impact on ecology and socio-culture. This PEN activity has absorbed around 9,110 HOK (Working People's Day) local workers with 565 KUPS members. The implementation of this program can be replicated, especially for social forestry business groups in other areas.

Assistance for Independent Workers in Strengthening Business Proposals and Strengthening Business Financial Recording for Business Development

The purpose of mentoring activities in the community is to empower independent workers through capacity building in strengthening business proposals and strengthening business financial records. The implementation of the activity in Baun Bango Village, Kamipang District, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan Province involved as many as 20 (twenty) members who were representatives of 10 (ten) pond fishery groups that were activity partners. The method of implementing activities is carried out using counseling, training, and direct practice methods for assisting in strengthening business proposals and assisting in strengthening financial records. As a result of community assistance activities for independent workers, activity partners are able to develop pond fishing businesses.

Program Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PPM) Bidang Pendidikan dan Kemandirian Ekonomi PT Sembilan Tiga Perdana

PT Sembilan Tiga Perdana is the holder of a Mining Business Permit for the Production Operation Stage, Administratively located in Katanjung Village, Kapuas Hulu District, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, PT Nine Tiga Perdanan strives to be able to realize the creation of a better and independent life for the community around the mine. how to implement the PPM Program effectively and accurately, so that in order to achieve this it is necessary to have a PPM Program that is right on target and in accordance with the conditions of the community around the mine. This study aims to provide recommendations for Community Development and Empowerment programs in the field of education and economic independence that are right on target and according to the needs of the local community. The research method was carried out by collecting primary data in the form of questionnaires and direct interviews with the community and secondary data in the form of blue prints in Central Kalimantan and literature studies. Data processing in this study uses descriptive statistical analysis in the form of sample analysis, data validation, data reliability, normality test and Friedman Two Way Anova test, direct observation of the condition of the local community also plays an important role in this study. The results of this study provide recommendations for 6 programs in the field of education and 6 programs in the field of economic independence that are right on target and according to the conditions of the local community in implementing the Community Development and Empowerment program.

Program Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PPM) Bidang Pendidikan dan Kemandirian Ekonomi PT Sembilan Tiga Perdana

PT Sembilan Tiga Perdana is the holder of a Mining Business Permit for the Production Operation Stage, Administratively located in Katanjung Village, Kapuas Hulu District, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, PT Nine Tiga Perdanan strives to be able to realize the creation of a better and independent life for the community around the mine. how to implement the PPM Program effectively and accurately, so that in order to achieve this it is necessary to have a PPM Program that is right on target and in accordance with the conditions of the community around the mine. This study aims to provide recommendations for Community Development and Empowerment programs in the field of education and economic independence that are right on target and according to the needs of the local community. The research method was carried out by collecting primary data in the form of questionnaires and direct interviews with the community and secondary data in the form of blue prints in Central Kalimantan and literature studies. Data processing in this study uses descriptive statistical analysis in the form of sample analysis, data validation, data reliability, normality test and Friedman Two Way Anova test, direct observation of the condition of the local community also plays an important role in this study. The results of this study provide recommendations for 6 programs in the field of education and 6 programs in the field of economic independence that are right on target and according to the conditions of the local community in implementing the Community Development and Empowerment program.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI KABUPATEN SERUYAN KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Seruyan Regency with the capital Kuala Pembuang is one of the regencies in Central Kalimantan Province, some of its people live in coastal areas and manage fishery resources so that the marine and fishery sector is the mainstay and is very interested in utilizing marine and fishery resources in a sustainable manner. The aim of the study was to analyze the feasibility of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) floating net cages cultivation in the Seriyan district of Central Kalimantan. The location of the sampling was done purposively. The feasibility of investing in tilapia cages in the Seriyan district is calculated using the investment criteria which include Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Ratio (NBCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The results of the analysis of the financial feasibility of tilapia cage business from 3 (three) managers were declared to have met the business feasibility criteria in 3 (three) research periods. This can be seen from the Net Present Value which has a positive value and the Internal Rate of Return which is greater than the required interest rate. The results of the sensitivity analysis with the scenario if there is an increase in operational costs by 10%, 20% and 30%, it is stated that the tilapia fish cage business from the three managers does not meet the business feasibility criteria. The results of the sensitivity analysis with the scenario if there is an increase in operational costs and a decrease in income by 10%, 20% and 30% respectively, it is stated that the tilapia fish cage business from the three managers does not meet the business feasibility criteria.

The Relationship Between Sitting Attitude and Duration of Work with Low Back Pain Complaints Among Kalimantan Tengah Health Office Employees in 2019

Low back pain is an occupational disease that arises due to work relationships or is caused by work and work attitudes. Incorrect sitting posture and sitting for long periods are one of the most frequent risk factors. The study was conducted to determine the relationship between sitting posture and work duration with complaints of low back pain in-office employees. The research design used is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples was 70 employees of the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office using the total sampling technique. The research data was taken using a questionnaire. The results of respondents who complained of low back pain were 12 people (17.1%), and 9 of them related to the wrong sitting position (81.8%) with a p-value of 0.000, and the wrong sitting posture was 84 times greater for suffering from lower back pain compared to the correct sitting posture. The duration of work (long sitting) did not have a relationship with complaints of back pain (p = 0.974). There is a significant relationship between the respondent's sitting attitude to the incidence of low back pain, and there is no significant relationship between work duration (length of sitting) and the incidence of low back pain in employees at the Central Kalimantan Provincial Health Office.
 Keywords: Work Duration, Sitting Length, Lower Back Pain, Sitting Position

Trade in Southeast Asian Box Turtles from Indonesia: Legality, Livelihoods, Sustainability and Overexploitation

Southeast Asian box turtles Cuora amboinensis are distributed in mainland Southeast Asia and throughout most of insular Southeast Asia and are often found in habitats shared with humans. In the 2000s evidence emerged of an enormous illegal export of Southeast Asian box turtles from Indonesia estimated at a hundred times larger than the legal exports. Using publicly available data we show that one or two exporters in Sampit in the province of Central Kalimantan, one of nine provinces where harvest of Southeast Asian box turtles is authorised, continue to trade above permitted levels. Harvest quotas for Central Kalimantan are set at 1000 turtles a year, and this is divided between five approved traders, two of whom are based in Sampit. A single visit to one of these two traders in April 2019 documented the presence of 549 Southeast Asian box turtles. Based on documented data from middlemen we estimate that the number of Southeast Asian box turtles that are harvested in Central Kalimantan to supply the traders in Sampit amounts to 19,000–45,000 individuals a year. If the Sampit traders stay within their quotas potential profits are less than USD 400 year−1, compared to up to USD 40,000 year−1 when trading the higher numbers. It is not known how many box turtles are traded by the other three exporters in the province. With the annual harvest quota for all of Indonesia set at less than 15,000 the massive illegal trade as documented in the 1990s and 2000s continues unabated. Assessments of the harvest and trade in Southeast Asian box turtles must consider both the sustainability and legality of this trade.

Analysis of the Effective Length of Handil Channel for Tidal Irrigation at Palingkau Irrigation Area in Central Kalimantan Province for National Food Estate Program

The handil irrigation system is a traditional water management system developed by local farmers and the government to irrigate rice fields using tidal power for supply and drainage. The canal with a width of 25 meters and a length of about 2 kilometres was developed to irrigate 1,397 ha of irrigated agricultural land in the Palingkau Irrigation Area. At high tide, freshwater enters the canal from the Kapuas Murung River, and drains into the river at low tide. After a long period of development of the area, sediment deposition and changes in channel cross-section occur so that the water system does not function optimally. For the sake of rehabilitation, an analysis was carried out to determine the effective canal length of the canal that is influenced by tidal water, considering channel capacity, tides and land elevation. Hydraulic analysis was performed by using HEC-RAS mathematical modelling. The results showed that tidal fluctuations could not irrigate two handil’s rice fields out of 8 existing handils. Canal rehabilitation in the form of increasing channel capacity is carried out by considering the length of the canal and the irrigation area irrigated, including its effect on improving water quality.

Ports as A Supporting Factor of Economic Development in Central Kalimantan Province

This study aims to determine partially and simultaneously the effect of export value seen from several loading ports on economic growth in the province of Central Kalimantan. This method is explanatory research to test the hypothesis between the hypothesized variables. This study uses secondary data, namely: Export Value through the Port of Kumai, Sampit, Pulang Pisau, and Pangkalan Bun, and Economic Growth in Central Kalimantan Province during 2007-2021. The results of the Multiple Linear Regression analysis of the Semi Logarithma Model partially show that the Export Value through the Port of Loading at the Ports of Kumai and Sampit has a significant and positive influence on Economic Growth in Central Kalimantan Province. In contrast, the Export Value through the Port of Loading Pulang Pisau and Pangkalan Bun has no effect but is positive on Economic Growth in Central Kalimantan Province. However, simultaneously the export value through the loading ports at the ports of Kumai, Sampit, Pulang Pisau, and Pangkalan Bun has a significant influence on economic growth in the province of Central Kalimantan.

Chemical characteristic of Fly ash and Bottom ash as potential source for synthesis of Aluminosilicate-based materials

The world's population has reached 7 billion or doubled from the previous half-century and continues to increase every year. This increase in population is directly proportional to the increase in electrical energy consumption. Electricity needs in Indonesia are mostly met by Steam Power Plants. Unfortunately, the use of coal as an energy source in Steam Power Plants can cause environmental pollution, namely the waste generated by fly ash and bottom ash. However, even though it is classified as hazardous materials, silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) content in the waste are high enough so that it can be used for the synthesis of aluminosilicate-based materials. The ash waste in this study was obtained from the Steam Power Plant in Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province which was tested according to the ASTM D93-10 standard. The composition of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and CaO in fly ash was 56.44; 31.31; 0.51; 0.78%. The compositions of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and CaO in the bottom ash were 66.66; 17.09; 0.31; 5.40%. Based on its composition, fly ash and bottom ash are classified as type F ash. In addition, fly ash and bottom ash have SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of 3.90 and 1.80, respectively. It can be concluded that fly ash and bottom ash has the potential to be used as basic materials for the manufacture of aluminosilicate-based materials such as geopolymers, zeolites, and others.

POLA DEGRADASI DAN DEFORESTASI DI KESATUAN HIDROLOGIS GAMBUT (KHG) PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH TAHUN 2016 - 2017 (Degradation and Deforestation Pattern at the Peat Hydrological Unit (PMU) in Central Kalimantan Province at 2016-2017)

Deforestation rates on Kalimantan Island from 1990 to 2014 were recorded at 1.12% (± 0.36 million hectares) each year. Central Kalimantan has a forest decline rate of 1.36%. Land cover changes are important information in the management of forest areas. Changes in land cover are important information in the management of forest areas. This study was carried out throughout the Peat Hydrological Unit (PMU) in Central Kalimantan Province as many as 35 PMU with an area of 4,671,558 Ha. The method used is a quantitative method using ArcGIS 10.1 and Microsoft Excel software for dataanalysis. The data used are Land Cover Map Data in Central Kalimantan in 2016-2017, City/District Administration Area Map and Central Kalimantan Provincial Spatial Planning Map. The results obtained are Deforestation and Degradation in 2016 - 2017 occurred in 75% of the Peat Hydrological Unit Area in Central Kalimantan, in all spatial patterns in the PMU and in all district / city administrative areas

TINGKAT PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI HUTAN AKIBAT PEMANENAN DI PT. BINA MULTI ALAM LESTARI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH

The Indonesian Selective Cutting and Planting Silvicultural System (ISCP) has beenapplied to manage natural production forests since 1989. This system was revised in1993 and 2009. This study aims to determine the condition of natural forests afterlogging at PT Bina Multi Alam Lestari, Central Kalimantan Province. The study wasconducted using the plotted plot method proportionally in P-8 Block of RKTUPHHKHA at 2021. The results showed that the structure and composition of the vegetation inthe forest after being harvested using the TPTI silvicultural system at PT Bina MultiAlam Lestari was still well maintained. The meranti tree group dominated the tree levelbefore and after harvesting with INPs of 141 and 135.56, respectively, as well as for thepole level with INPs of 108.56 and 106.33, respectively. Meanwhile, at the seedling andsapling levels, other commercial groups (non dipterocarps) were dominated. Speciesdiversity are high with a range of values of H' 3.1 to 3.3 and species richness rangedfrom moderate to high with a range of values from 3.94 to 6.68. The level of vegetationdensity is still well maintained and is above the standards set by the Ministry ofEnvironment and Forestry. The distribution of vegetation diameter in the forest beforeand after harvesting still resembles the condition of mixed natural forest (unaged standforest) with an inverted J pattern. Natural forest harvesting activities using the TPTIsilvicultural system at PT Bina Multi Alam Lestari in the RKTUPHHK-HA Block in2021 did not cause significant damage and environmental conditions are still wellmaintained.Keywords: Natural forest, Important Value Index, diversity, richness, density

Model Pertumbuhan Polinomial Tanaman Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) di Lahan Rawa Gambut, Kalimantan Tengah

Sengon (Paraserinthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) is a fast-growing plant that is widely cultivated by people in dry land. Currently, the cultivation of this plant is also mostly carried out on unflooded peat swamp land in Central Kalimantan. Utilization of peat swamp land has good prospects because this land is rich in organic matter as a source of plant nutrition. This study aims to determine the growth of sengon plants and create a plant growth model to predict the diameter and height of plants at a certain age. The research was conducted in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The model used to predict the growth of sengon plants is a polynomial equation. The results showed that the growth of sengon plants planted in unflooded peat swamp land at the ages of 6, 13, 30, 36, 48, and 56 months namely 3.76 cm; 7.07 cm; 12.94 cm; 13.91 cm; 18.76 cm; and 22.88 cm respectively for diameter (dbh); 4.64 m; 9.70 m; 11.45 m; 12.16 m; 14.75 m; and 15.20 m respectively for shoot height; and 2.37 m; 4.13 m; 4.85 m; 5.28 m; 5.62 m; and 6.21 m respectively for branch-free height. Sengon plant growth model with polynomial equations is y = -0.01802 + 0.739x - 0.0157x2 + 0.0002X3; y= 0.6002 + 0.893x - 0.0236x2 + 0.0002x3; and y = 0.5676 + 0.3777x - 0.0106x2 + 0.0001x3 for diameter (dbh), shoot height and branch-free height, respectively. The equation is valid and has high accuracy so that it can be used to predict diameter, shoot height and branch-free height of sengon plants until the age of 56 months.

Valuasi Tumbuhan Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr) di Desa Gohong Kabupaten Pulang Pisau Kalimantan Tengah

The potential of medicinal plants in the forest area of Kalimantan is quite diverse, both those that have been utilized by the community around the region and those that have not been utilized. Gohong Village is a village in Pulang Pisau Regency of Central Kalimantan Province which has an area of ±51,037 ha. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential the spread and the economic value of yellow root medicinal plants in Gohong Village. The method used in this study is the Purposive Sampling method. The results of the analysis showed that an area of 2 hectares of yellow root plant potential was obtained as much as 2.174415 m3. The density value of yellow roots of 0,1875 or 0,188 for an area of 0.4 hectares there are 75 yellow root plants, and the average measurement plant found yellow root plants as many as 7-8 trees or per hectare, the density value of yellow root plants is 0.47. The frequency of yellow root plants at the research site was 0.8 with the number of plants as many as 75 trees. The spread of yellow roots in Gohong Village is uniform with a morisita index value of 0.8 respondent data in Gohong Village as many as 10 respondents obtained yellow root price data Per 1 Kg is Rp 50,000. Based on the analysis of the availability of yellow roots in the research location is quite significant and able to provide additional income for the community in order to support the economy.

Harmonization of Modern Law and Local Law in South Barito District an Overview of Comparison Legal Studies

Customary law in Indonesia has characteristics and patterns that are different from other laws. Customary law is pragmatism-realism which means that customary law is able to meet the needs of the community which is functionally religious so that customary law fulfills a social function/social justice. The emergence of modern law has completely changed the map of the old social order, this is due to the hegemonic character of the modern law, it does not allow any other form of order except those created and issued by the state. It is different and interesting when local law fights with modern law, where Modern Law is eroded in its implementation by local law. Local law views the implementation of the "Wara" traditional ceremony with the traditional ritual "Kaleker Diau" in the Dayak indigenous people of Central Kalimantan, South Barito Regency as a culture or custom that must be preserved, while modern law views the activities in these traditional rituals as a form of gambling. and has a large effect can cause conflict in indigenous peoples. The study of comparative law considers that the cultural values ​​or customs, habits and enforcement of Dayak customary law in the area of ​​Central Kalimantan Province, South Barito Regency, which are very sacred, need to be updated in their implementation with the aim of building and implementing traditions or customs that are in line with the national legal system.

Cultural strategies of the local and transmigrant communities in dealing with land and forest fire disasters in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract. Sinta D, Iskandar J, Gunawan B. 2022. Cultural strategies of the local and transmigrant communities in dealing with land and forest fire disasters in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4705-4715. The Indonesian Province of Central Kalimantan has frequently faced catastrophic land and forest fire disasters in the last two decades. In 2015, the province experienced the most extensive land and forest fire disaster in Indonesia, causing severe ecological, economic, and socio-political problems. The villages of Baru and Kumpai Batu Bawah, located in South Arut Subdistrict, are included in the Priority Zone for Forest and Land Fire Disaster Management in West Kotawaringin District, Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The two villages have been recognized as a high potential hazard and vulnerability to forest and land fires since 2015. This study aimed to compare the cultural strategies of the local communities of Baru Village with transmigrant communities of Kumpai Batu Bawah Village with distinctly different cultures in dealing with forest and land fires. The qualitative method was applied in this study. Several field techniques, including observation and semi-structured interviews or in-depth interviews with competent informants of local and transmigrant communities, were employed. The study showed that distinctive strategies were applied by two communities, based on the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and embedded with culture for dealing with land and forest fire disasters in the Central Kalimantan ecosystem. Some TEK and cultural factors, including ways of looking at nature, and knowledge related to the environment expressed in the form of behavior such as land management practices for agriculture with disaster mitigation were documented as predominant factors of both communities for dealing with land and forest fire disasters.

Semantic Relation in the Traditional Rituals of Dayak Maanyan Community in East Barito

The Dayak Maanyan community recognizes two types of languages. The language used daily and the language used in traditional rituals. The language used in the ritual is arranged in the form of paired clauses with similar meanings. This article will examine the meaning relation between words in the paired clauses. The research was conducted in the East Barito district, Central Kalimantan province. This study's data collection area is the East Hamlet District in Jaar Village. Documentation of data in ritual leader utterances is done by transcribing recorded speeches during the ritual and recordings during direct interviews with ritual leaders to obtain the entire content of the ritual speech. Based on the results of data analysis from 840 pairs of transcribed clauses, The researcher found that the relation of synonymous meaning dominated the relation of meaning between the two clauses. The researcher also found the meaning relationship between class inclusion and meronymy and case relation. The pattern of meaning relations formed from the words in the paired clauses is that a is equal to b, b is a type of a, a is a component of b, a is a member of b, place b is part of the area of a, b is made of a, a has b, a is related to b, a is b, a does b, a becomes b, does a is accepted by b, does a uses b, does a aims to b.

Contemporary Ecopedagogical-Political Dialectics Based on Paulo Freire’s Philosophy in Palangka Raya, Indonesia

Paulo Freire’s philosophy is still universally relevant and discussed almost all over the world, including in Indonesia. The philosophy is dialectical in the holistic context of education, covering active awareness, pedagogical imperatives, skepticism, and domination of the social environment. This article focuses on the topic of Freire’s philosophy in the context of students in Palangka Raya as subjects. In this study, the researcher found several responses from the subjects when discussing active awareness and pedagogical imperatives. The first subject raised both skepticism and appreciation. The dialectical behavior of the educational journey led to a paradoxical attitude. The second subject struggled to see awareness as something that must be collective. Then, the next subject narrated ecopedagogy through his origins and the place where he was studying. To be noted, the researcher conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with several students who were currently studying in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia.