Central Administrative District Research Articles

Features of ctenocephalidosis among neglected dogs in the city of Tyumen

Considering the high probability of the participation of stray dogs in the reservation and transmission of pathogens of infectious and invasive etiology, strict control is necessary not only over specific prevention, but also over the diagnosis of these diseases. Fleas are the most common ectoparasites in domestic animals. Flea parasitism in dogs is accompanied by anxiety, itching, and an allergic reaction. In addition, fleas are intermediate hosts of the causative agent of dipylidia. The purpose of the research was to study the spread of ctenocephalidosis among stray dogs in the city of Tyumen. The work was completed between 2016 and 2020. On the basis of the temporary detention center for stray pets of the Municipal government institution "LesParkKhoz" in Tyumen. A total of 4817 stray dogs were examined. For diagnosis, clinical, epizootological and parasitological research methods were used, the results obtained were processed using statistical methods. It was found that ctenocephalidosis occurred in 22.30% of stray dogs in the city of Tyumen. Most often, ctenocephalidosis was recorded among stray puppies under 1 year of age (36.03%) and in stray dogs aged 3 to 6 years (32.97%). Ctenocephalidosis was diagnosed throughout the year, the peak incidence was recorded in the autumn period in 46.28% of cases (of all cases of ctenocephalidosis for the specified period). Almost at the same level, flea infestation was recorded in spring and summer at 20.95% and 24.11%, respectively. Most often, stray dogs with ctenocephalidosis were admitted to the municipal shelter from the Central Administrative District (EI - 65.41% with AI 10.1 ± 0.5 individuals/animal). The causative agents of ctenocephalidosis in stray dogs in the city of Tyumen are C. felis and C. canis with a dominance index of 84.96% and 15.04%, respectively.

КОЛЛЕКЦИЯ ПРЕДМЕТОВ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ ПРИ АВАРИЙНО-СПАСАТЕЛЬНЫХ РАСКОПКАХ ГРУНТОВОГО МОГИЛЬНИКА "БЫВШЕЕ КЛАДБИЩЕ БУТЫРСКОГО ФОРШТАДТА ОМСКОЙ КРЕПОСТИ" В Г. ОМСКЕ В 2018-2019 ГГ.

In May 2018, when examining a land plot for the construction of a residential building located in the Central Administrative District of Omsk, the employees of the LHKE ONC SB RAS discovered a cultural layer belonging to the cemetery ofButyrsky Forstadt in Omsk. In 2018 and 2019, emergency rescue excavations were carried out. This article is devoted to the results ofthe study of the collection of cross pendants during the work, as well as other objects obtained during excavations. Among other items, a military uniform preserved in the burial is of particular interest, the analysis and study of which is currently under way. The article is of interest to researchers of urban cemeteries of the 19th century, as well as to researchers of Russian copper casting.

Комплексная оценка уровня комфортности (качества) городских многофункциональных парков севера Москвы

The article discusses the issues and methods for assessing the level of parking comfort for five years, the use in the northern and central administrative districts of Moscow. The main characteristics have been identified, an expert assessment of multifunctional parking lots has been carried out in dynamics over several years. Get involved and referrals. Keywords: COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT, CITY PARK, METHODOLOGY, LANDSCAPING, MONITORING, URBAN ENVIRONMENT, RESIDENT INVOLVEMENT, COMFORT INDICATORS, EVALUATION CRITERIA

Parameters of the subjective and objective indicator of health among women of urban population

Highlights. The subjective and objective indicator of health is the most important parameter characterizing the motivation of the population to preserve public health. In Russian and foreign epidemiological studies, differences in attitude to one`s health are dependent upon social and economic status, gender differences, ecology, and marital status. For the first time, the parameters of the subjective and objective indicator of health were determined among women in the population of a medium-sized urban city in Western Siberia. It must be mentioned that women remain to be the most vulnerable category of the population in terms of psychological stress. The data obtained using Tyumen`s population will assist in the prediction of the population`s response to preventive programs, estimation of the amount of preventive care needed, taking into account the expenses, and analysis of the effectiveness of possible intervention.Aim. To determine some parameters of the subjective and objective indicator of health (health attitudes and health self-assessment) among women in urban population.Methods. The epidemiological study included a representative sample of women of working age (25–64 years old) residing in the Central Administrative District of Tyumen, stratified by age (1 000 women, response rate 70.3%). The attitude of the population towards health was assessed using the standard WHO MONICA-psychosocial questionnaire “Awareness and Attitude towards Health”.Results. The obtained data revealed low responsibility for health among working age women (36.5–46.7%), and predominantly negative self-assessment of health (70.0%). The results showed a low responsibility for cardiovascular health in the female population (a fifth of the population trusted only their own feelings, and more than half of the population would not seek medical help for mild pain in the chest). A trend towards increasing negative self-assessment of health and increasing trust in the examination of a physician without additional examination was noted in the participants in young to middle age range.Conclusion. The subjective and objective indicator of population`s health requires further studies and can be used as a basis for the development and implementation of comprehensive preventive programs that take into account gender and age-dependent features and risks.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ОЗОНА НАД ТЕРРИТОРИЕЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ВО ВТОРОМ КВАРТАЛЕ 2022 Г

The review is based on the results of operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring system over the CIS and Baltic countries, operating in the operational mode at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses data from the domestic network of M-124 filter ozonometers, operating under the methodological guidance of the Main Geophysical Observatory; the quality of the entire system is operatively controlled in the Central Administrative District by comparison with the observational data made with the help of the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, USA). The main TO observational data for each month of the second quarter of 2022 and for the quarter as a whole are summarized. The results of regular measurements of ground-level ozone carried out in the Moscow region are also summarized.

Dynamics of own income in Moscow polyclinics for 2019–2021

Introduction. The state and analysis of the revenue part of the budget of organizations of the state healthcare system in Moscow, providing primary medical care to the adult population, is of particular interest in the context of a shortage of financial resources. First of all, management specialists are interested in the formation of a source of their own income in the form of income from the provision of paid medical services, since it is one of the most effective tools for ensuring the financial sustainability of medical organizations.
 Purpose. To analyze the indicators of the volume of own incomes of polyclinics subordinate to the Moscow Department of Health (hereinafter referred to as DZM) in dynamics to assess the possibility of implementing the provision of paid medical services by state budget organizations providing primary medical care to the adult population.
 Materials and Methods. The study was based on the data of the annual budget reporting of medical organizations for 2019 – 2021 from the accounting system DZM "Parus Budget 8".
 Results. The volume of own income in 2021 compared to 2020 increased by 67,3 %, and in 2020 there was a sharp decrease in this indicator compared to 2019 – by 32,4 %. In the context of administrative districts in 2021,
 there is a significant variation in the values of the indicator "growth rate of own income" in relation to 2020 – from 136,6 % in the Central Administrative District to 255,1 % in the Eastern Administrative District. In 2020, compared to 2019, the difference between the maximum and minimum values was insignificant – 13,6 %.
 Based on the totality of indicators, it can be concluded that, despite the equal rights enshrined in Russian law, medical organizations of the Moscow healthcare system, due to territorial differences, have different opportunities to replenish the revenue side of the budget through the provision of paid medical services.
 Conclusion. The dynamics of general incomes and the dynamics of own incomes have a multidirectional trend. Among the administrative districts, significant differentiation was noted, both in terms of the “share of own income in the total income of medical organizations”, and in terms of the “growth rate of own income” and “growth rate of income from the provision of paid medical services”, which requires a more in-depth analysis.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ОЗОНА НАД ТЕРРИТОРИЕЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В ПЕРВОМ КВАРТАЛЕ 2022 Г

The review is based on the results of operation of the total ozone (TO) monitoring system over the CIS and Baltic countries, operating in the operational mode at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses data from the domestic network of M-124 filter ozonometers, operating under the methodological guidance of the Main Geophysical Observatory; the quality of the entire system is operatively controlled in the Central Administrative District by comparison with the observational data made with the help of the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, USA). The main TO observational data for each month of the first quarter of 2022 and for the quarter as a whole are summarized. The results of regular measurements of ground-level ozone carried out in the Moscow region are also summarized.

Analysis of the Characteristics and Spatial Pattern of the Catering Industry in the Four Central Cities of the Yangtze River Delta

The development of the catering industry in big cities is of great significance for countries to improve the quality of development and improve people’s living standards. In recent years, the urban catering industry has effectively promoted the process of urbanization, and it is significant to study the development characteristics and spatial distribution of the catering industry for the urban pattern. Taking the four central cities (Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and Hefei) of China’s Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration as examples, first, the point-of-interest (POI) data of various catering facilities in the city’s main urban area were crawled from the Amap (AutoNavi map) open platform through Python. Second, for the first time, three quantitative indicators were constructed to characterize the development and urbanization of the urban catering industry, namely cuisine localization index (CLI), cuisine diversity index (CDI), and cuisine geographical preference index (CGPI). Third, the overall spatial characteristics of the catering industry in the four central cities and administrative districts were obtained using the methods of kernel density and spatial autocorrelation analysis. The spatial distribution of the catering industry development in each city is displayed through GIS visualization, and its influencing factors are discussed preliminarily through geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The research shows that: (1) the four central cities in the YRD have formed core catering areas with different agglomeration levels. Different cuisines in the city have the characteristics of partial spatial overlap. (2) In the four central cities of the YRD, there is a significant positive spatial correlation between the catering industry as a whole and individuals. Hangzhou and Hefei have higher CLI (0.38), but the cuisine structure is relatively simple. The CLI of Shanghai and Nanjing is at a low level, but the overall cuisine structure is relatively balanced. (3) The catering industry in the four central cities has a high degree of agglomeration, a wide range of agglomeration, and many agglomeration points. Only Shanghai cuisine, Jiangsu and Zhejiang cuisine, Anhui cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Shandong cuisine, and Hunan cuisine have significant positive correlations in space, and the correlations weaken in turn. (4) The influence intensity of the influencing factors on CLI and CDI is in the order of degree of openness, regional economic level, market vitality, population concentration level, industrial structure. The spatial pattern of catering in a city is greatly affected by the regional economy and population density. This study can provide a reference for research on the spatial distribution of the catering industry in similar urban agglomerations around the world.

Формирование границ территорий и установление охранных зон объектов культурного наследия

The article considers the theoretical and practical issues, connected with the formation of areas and zones for cultural heritage objects (CHO) for ensuring the protection of such objects by means of es-tablishing special land use regime. The authors analyzed the location of CHO on the Omsk city territory, presented the method for determination of CHO boundaries and the requirements for their protected zone establishment. The approbation took place on the object "Residential house, 1890-s", address 84, Rabinovicha st-t, central administrative district, Omsk. As conclusions the article suggests the complex of measures, aimed at the establishment of the CHO protected zone and the compliance with legal regime ensuring the preservation of historical and cultural value of the object. It is recommended to carry out control over CHO condition, to create and implement a monitoring system using modern geodetic measuring tools, remote sensing and geoinformation technologies; to set up a register of CHOs including those ones in bad condition; to develop the technology of their revealing and registering in urban development activity. To make protection commitments with CHO owners and tenants; to include CHO protection zones into general plans and territorial planning schemes.

Пространственное представление данных сотовых операторов о пульсациях населения ЦАО Москвы в течение 2019–2020 гг. в контексте изучения уязвимости населения к чрезвычайным ситуациям

The high concentration of residents of large cities in certain localities requires a rethinking of existing methods for assessing the vulnerability of the population to various types of threats and to ways of mapping them. Moscow, being a megalopolis and the center of the largest European agglomeration, forms a zone of an increased level of natural and man-made risk for citizens, primarily due to spatial concentration and mobility of the population. The risks are especially high for the central part of Moscow (in the work considered within the boundaries of the Central Administrative District—CAO). The high business and cultural and entertainment attractiveness of this part of the capital contributes to the highest gradients of pulsations of crowding within the daily and weekday-weekend cycles. The present study is devoted to the qualitative display of these changes. To obtain the most detailed spatio-temporal information, the data of mobile operators on the localization of subscribers aggregated for January 2019–January 2020 were used. The paper tests the approach of displaying changes in the density characteristics of the population of the territory of the CAO districts by superimposing information on a pallet of 500 by 500 meters consolidated for fractional (30 minutes) time intervals of data (median population for all days of the year, separately for weekdays, weekends, and holidays). It was shown that for the central part of the capital, the gradients of daily pulsations on weekdays reach 220–320 %, and on weekends — 120–160 %. At the same time, in contrast to the sleeping areas of the city, seasonal fluctuations are much weaker here. The concentration of various cultural and entertainment activities in such areas as Tverskoy, Arbat and Yakimanka leads to pronounced festive changes in crowding, which are about 50 % stronger than the standard weekend pulsations.

Trends in Moscow population general and primary cardiovascular morbidity

Introduction. In the structure of morbidity in the adult population of the city of Moscow, diseases of the circulatory system continue to be in the top three, being the most frequent cause of death. For a number of years on the territory of the city of Moscow, programs have been implemented aimed at reducing the level of morbidity and mortality in the adult population, at the same time, diseases of the circulatory system continue to remain the most important medical and social problem. Objective. The assessment of the dynamics of the general and primary morbidity of the adult population of the administrative districts of the city of Moscow by the class of diseases of the circulatory system. Materials and methods. In the course of the analysis, data from the collections of the Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department and statistical collections of the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of the Ministry of Health of Russia “Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation” for 2013–2020. An analytical method was used, the calculation of indicators of the time series (growth rates). Results. The indicator of the general morbidity of the adult population of the city of Moscow for the study period 2013–2020 against the background of the growth of indicators in general for the RF and the Central Federal District, decreased by 14 %, primary morbidity by 21 %. The greatest decrease in the overall morbidity rate was noted in the Central Administrative District and the Zelenograd Administrative District (-33.5 % and -30.5 %). The decrease in primary morbidity in the Central Administrative District was 64 %, in the Zelenograd Administrative District (-40.7 %), in the Northern Administrative District (-28.7 %), across the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District, the level remained practically unchanged (+2.3 % and -2.2 %, respectively).

“RESLOBALIZATION” OF CITIES AS AN EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHALLENGE OF THE CONTEMPORARY. PART I: GENERAL PROVISIONS, RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

The article is devoted to the problem of adaptation of the living environment of the population of large and largest cities to the vital and dangerous challenges of the new coronavirus pandemic. The author suggests that historically developed cities in their traditional hypostasis have a certain” anti-epidemic “ potential of morphotypological genesis, which must be taken into account, it is advisable to use and it is desirable to increase in the extreme situation of the global COVID-19 epidemic. The working hypothesis of the study is formulated on the basis of the results of monitoring the data of the offi cial St. Petersburg statistics, which refl ect the dynamics of the incidence of new coronavirus infection among citizens, starting from March 2020. According to these results, the most stable epidemiological situation persists in the historical suburbs of the” northern capital “ and its central administrative districts. The center of St. Petersburg was originally developed as a “conglomerate of sett lements” - pre-industrial and proto- industrial urban planning morphotypes that have been inherent in the Russian urban planning culture since ancient times. Urban sett lements, which preserved their planning characteristics in the course of a historically predetermined morphotypological transformation, became the basis for the formation of a set of spatial loci in the structure of a megalopolis - separate components of the urban landscape, within which, if necessary, the introduction of stringent control measures and epidemiological situation in St. Petersburg, it is possible to protect “idealizations” quality of urban life and where work most eff ectively medicareinsurance “antipandemic” sliders “disaggregation”, “distancing”, “disinfection”.

Monitoring an open population of the middle-organized Siberian city: fifteen-years trends of arterial hypertension in men

Arterial hypertension remains one of the most common diseases in the developed countries of the world, while there is a tendency to increase the frequency of arterial hypertension as the level of urbanization increases. According to epidemiological studies in the Siberian region at the end of the last century, an unfavorable epidemiological situation regarding the prevalence of hypertension among people of economically desirable age was revealed both in men of organized populations employed in the oil and gas complex of the Far North region and in open urban populations of varying degrees of urbanization. The aim of the study was to determine the dynamics of the levels and prevalence of arterial hypertension in men of working age over a 15-year period of monitoring the open population of the mid-urban city of Western Siberia. Material and methods. Two simultaneous epidemiological studies were conducted among men aged 25–64 over four decades of life in the Central Administrative District of Tyumen in 1996 and 2010. The screening participant was informed about the history of high blood pressure and taking antihypertensive drugs for two weeks before the examination was taken into account. AH was recorded at systolic blood pressure levels of 140 mm Hg. Art. and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm RT. Art. Results. According to the 15-year monitoring of men in the open population of the mid-urbanized city of Western Siberia, a positive trend was identified for a decrease in the prevalence of hypertension due to the age category of 25–34 years. A decrease in the prevalence of hypertension in young men over a 15-year period of the population monitoring was established in connection with the positive dynamics of a decrease in systolic blood pressure levels in the age category of 25–34 years. Conclusion. The results of this work can serve as a basis and starting point for the development of a comprehensive preventive program in the open population of Tyumen, the effectiveness of which largely depends on an objective assessment of the motion vector of the epidemiological situation with respect to the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in various age categories.

Algorithm for assessing the total 10 years risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in women 25-64 years old in Tyumen (Tyumen risk scale)

Purpose: To define total 10-year cardiovascular mortality risk in Russian females in dependence on traditional and psychosocial risk factors (RF) and to design the algorithm of its estimation.Methods. The study included non-organized population of Central Administrative district of Tyumen city. Epidemiological study, based on the representative selection of 1000 females aged 25-64 years. Screening respond was 81.3%. Cardiovascular mortality rate within 10 years was studied. Totally, 31 cases of cardiovascular death were registered in female cohort within 10year follow-up. We used a multivariate Cox regression model to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and confidence interval (CI). Relations between mortality rate and factors such as age, smoking, education, occupation, marital status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), body mass index, total cholesterol, cholesterol of low and high density lipoproteins were analyzed.Results. To build a model of total cardiovascular risk, six statistically significant indicators were selected: age (HR – 1.099, 95% CI 1.032-1.1.69), SBP (1.026, 95% CI 1.011-1.041), primary education (4.315, 95% CI 1.878-9.910), work associated with heavy physical labor (4.073, 95% CI 1.324-12.528), executives (3.822, 95% CI 1.386-10.537) and marital status (2.978, 95% CI 1.197-7.409). Based on these data, model for total cardiovascular mortality risk in females was designed with good predictive accuracy (AUC was 0.882, 95% CI – 0.833 – 0.930).Conclusion. Thus, created mathematical model, built based on statistically significant traditional and psychosocial RF, makes it possible to effectively predict the total cardiovascular risk at the individual level in the female population.

Prevalence of hypertension among young men: fifteen-year trends

Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the changes in the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) among young men according to two screenings of independent samples of an open urban population.Design and methods. The study is based on two cross-sectional studies, over a fifteen year range, among males in the Central Administrative District of Tyumen. Representative samples were formed according to a single protocol from electoral lists among men 25–64 years old by the method of “random numbers” — 1000 people each (250 people each in four decades of life), the response was 79,5 % and 85,0 %, respectively, in the first and second screening. As part of cardiac screenings, the prevalence of HTN, mean values and percentile distribution for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were determined in two groups of young age 25–34 and 35–44 years.Results. Young men of an open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia have high blood pressure (BP) levels with a significant increase in average levels and percentile distribution of SBP and DBP in the age range from the third to the fourth decade of life. According to the results of two cross-sectional studies in the range of fifteen years, we found a tendency towards a decrease in SBP and the prevalence of HTN in men in the third decade of life in an open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia. At the same time, the levels of SBP, DBP and the prevalence of HTN in the fourth decade of life remain stable.Conclusions. We found high levels of BP and the prevalence of HTN among young men in a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia and a positive fifteen-year dynamics in reduced prevalence of HTN in young people. The latter is a favorable factor and opens up opportunities for targeted impact on other conventional and non-conventional cardiovascular risk factors in this age group.

The impact of vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal infection on the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and community-acquired pneumonia in the Central Administrative District of Moscow

Background. Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and pneumococcal infections (PI) annually cause great damage to the health and working capacity of the population, and lead to economic losses for employers and the state. Aim. To study the impact of influenza and PI vaccination coverage on morbidity of ARVI and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) of the morbidity of population in Central administrative district (CAD) of Moscow. Material and methods. The analysis of official data on monitoring of morbidity from ARVI and CAP was carried out, and information on vaccination of the population against influenza and PI for 2012–2018 was used. Results. In 2018 ARVI accounted for 95.2% of infectious morbidity and the incidence rate was 29853.5 per 100 ths population. Over the period from 2012–2018, the incidence of ARVI and influenza gradually decreased by 2016, but in 2017 the incidence of ARVI was increased to the level of 2012 (+25.3%) however influenza was decreased (-40.9%). In 2018, the incidence of ARVI in adults remained at the level of 2017, and in children there was a decrease (-16.9%). The incidence of influenza in 2018 decreased in both adults (-65.4%) and children (-63.9%). During 2012–2018 the incidence of CAP had a persistent tendency to increase. The coverage of influenza vaccination in CAD population of Moscow has increased annually since 2012 and in 2018 reached 85.5% of children 0–17 years old and 65.5% of adults 18 years and older, and against PI – 46.3% of children and 2.6% of adults. Conclusion. The epidemic circulation of ARVI and influenza had a significant impact on the morbidity of CAD population of Moscow in 2012–2018. Annual vaccination of the population lead to decreasing of influenza incidence but the incidence of pneumonia tended to increase and need to improve prevention.

Assessment of the Level of Legionella Contamination in the Water Systems of the Metropolitan Area

The results of a study of the level of Legionella contamination in the water systems of the Metropolitan metropolis are presented. The study of biological contamination of Legionella pneumophila in water bodies of Moscow (Central administrative district) for social purposes (swimming pools, Jacuzzi, boiler room, fountain, and cooling water for cooling towers) revealed the occurrence of the studied species from 7% to 20%. The most frequent occurrence of Legionella pneumophila was found in the Central water supply of the city (CAO of Moscow), which was 36%. For the control and reduction of the activity of pathogens as Legionella pneumophila in water systems of public facilities the city needs to monitor the temperature changes in water supply in the building (hot water should be at a temperature higher than 60 °C and cold below 20 °C). It is also important to use the filters in the taps and showers and to carry out the ionization of water.

Twenty-year dynamics of the prevalence of tobacco smoking as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases among women in an open population of a mid-urbanized Siberian city

Introduction . Tobacco smoking is one of the main and independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease developing. Despite the fact that the main effects of tobacco use on human health are well known, the annual number of smokers on the planet is still growing. The aim of the study was to study the twenty-year dynamics of the prevalence of tobacco smoking among women aged 25–64 in the open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia. Material and methods . Within the regional program for monitoring the epidemiological situation in relation to the risk of developing CVD in 1996 and 2016. Two simultaneous epidemiological studies were carried out among persons from the Central Administrative District of Tyumen – a sample of 1000 women aged 25–64 years. The yield was 81.3 % ( n = 813) in 1996, and 70.3 % ( n = 703) in 2010. The prevalence of tobacco smoking was determined using a questionnaire developed in the former USSR by the Institute of Preventive Cardiology of the Academy of Medical Sciences (now FSBI «NIMTs TPM» of the Ministry of Health of Russia) as part of the implementation of the Cooperative Study on Multifactorial Prevention of cardiac ischemia. Results and its discussion . According to the results of 20-year monitoring among women aged 25–64 years of the open population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia, an increase in the prevalence of tobacco smoking was established (23.1 % – 31.2 %, p = 0.0036). The highest prevalence of tobacco smoking was found in women in the third decade of life, a significant increase in the indicator during the 20-year monitoring of the open population - in the fourth to sixth decades of life. The established patterns in the dynamics of the increase in the prevalence of tobacco smoking among women aged 25–64 years in the open population of a mediumurbanized city of Western Siberia were determined by an increase in the proportion of women who smoke irregularly (11.4 % – 20.1 %, p = 0.0000) and who started smoking (27.7 % – 37.6 %, p = 0,0000). 20-year monitoring of the open population of a medium-urbanized city of Western Siberia showed some positive trends in the decrease in regular tobacco smoking among women in the third decade of life (25.1 % – 13.5 %, p = 0.0187). Conclusion . Thus, in the open population of a moderately urbanized city of Western Siberia over the period of 20-year monitoring among women aged 25–64 years, a negative epidemiological situation was established in terms of the dynamics of the prevalence of tobacco smoking due to the growth of irregular tobacco smoking and those who started smoking. Positive trends in the Tyumen population are determined by a decrease in the prevalence of regular tobacco smoking in one age group of 25–34 years.

POLITICAL PREFERENCES OF LEADERS AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT (THE CASE OF THE MOSCOW CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT)

This study analyzes the personal characteristics of municipal leaders in the context of upcoming elections in 2022. The empirical basis of the study was in-depth interviews with heads of municipal districts and a survey of 203 municipal deputies of the Central Administrative District of Moscow regarding their political expectations during the election campaign in 2021. The author proceeds from the understanding of municipal leadership as a political phenomenon. The theoretical basis for this interpretation is modern concepts of political leadership, which pay special attention to personal characteristics of leaders and the concept of local self-government. The result of the study was, first, a conceptual and methodological model for analyzing the personality of leaders at the municipal level of power, within which the key is to determine the main characteristics of representatives of this professional community and their personal characteristics. In addition, the process of collecting empirical data developed guides for in-depth interviews that have universality and applicability beyond Moscow. Data allowed us to propose a classification of municipal deputies according to their political preferences, developed using the methods of distant and contact diagnostics of the personality of municipal leaders.

Population patterns of prevalent psychoemotional risk factors among young and middle-aged women

Objective, To establish the prevalence of psychoemotional stress factors among young and middle-aged women in an open population of the mid-urbanized Siberian city. Design and methods . A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among working-age women in the Central Administrative District of Tyumen in 2015-2016. A representative sample was formed from the election lists among women of 25-64 years using the “random numbers” method — 1000 people (250 people each in the decades of life 25-34, 3544, 45-54, 55-64 years), the response was 70,3 %. We used the algorithms of the WHO program “MONICA-psychosocial” to determine psychosocial risk factors — personal anxiety, depression, hostility, life exhaustion. Results. Among women in an open population of a moderately urban Siberian city, medium and high levels of personal anxiety were evenly distributed, the average level of depression and life exhaustion prevailed over a high level, while high level of hostility prevailed over average level. The prevalence of high levels of personal anxiety, depression, hostility was comparable among young and middle-aged women, an increase in the high level of life exhaustion in middle age was found. In young women of an open urban population, the age trend in the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors was due to the increased high level of hostility in the fourth decade of life. In middle-aged women, the age trend in the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors was due to the increased high levels of vital exhaustion in the fifth and sixth decades of life. Conclusions. Thus, the data obtained within evidence-based prevention programs with the use of novel technologies of differentiated impact on age-dependent psycho-emotional stress factors are highly relevant and correspond to the European and international experience in conducting preventive measures using population strategies and high risk strategies in female populations.