Center Of Economic Development Research Articles

MEDIA FRAMING OF TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS TO SAUDI ARABIA'S NEOM PROJECT

This research examines how Asharq al-Awsat and ALQST media framed the NEOM infrastructure project in Saudi Arabia. NEOM is a futuristic city project that is part of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030. The project is designed to be the center of technological innovation, environmental sustainability, and economic development in the northwestern region of Saudi Arabia. It also explores the framing tools used and their impact on public perception and global outlook. This research uses a qualitative approach with Gamson and Modigliani’s framing analysis. The results show that Asharq al-Awsat tends to frames the NEOM project as a form of technological progress and innovation that provides economic benefits. Meanwhile, ALQST highlights the negative impacts such as human rights violations and environmental damage. These framing differences affected public perception and political discourse regarding the project. This research expands the understanding of how the media frames large infrastructure projects in the Middle East region. In addition, it reveals the implications of framing for public perception and international policy regarding infrastructure projects and human rights.

Geographic information system for reporting damage and road grouping based on website using waterfall method and k-means method

Roads are a vital land transportation infrastructure and transportation route. One of the functions of roads is as a driving factor in the development process and equitable distribution of development in a region. Road damage that occurs disrupts the activities and routines of residents. Lhokseumawe City as the center of economic and social development in its region requires an efficient system for the management and maintenance of road infrastructure. The reason is that many road damages occur in Lhokseumawe City that have not been repaired due to limited damage information so reports are needed from residents to find out the location of the road damage so that it is easier for the Lhokseumawe City government to follow up on the report. With these problems, a geographic information system for reporting road damage is created. It is hoped that the government can follow up on the report and prioritize damage with the highest group, which groups road damage using the clustering method. This web-based information system is designed using the UML (Unified Modeling Language) model with the PHP programming language and uses MySQL as its database. With this system, the government can receive reports of existing damage and group the damage into three levels to determine the priority of road repairs to be carried out.

Leveraging the trend analysis for modeling of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustion

In this paper, it is aimed, for the first time, at deriving simple models, leveraging the trend analysis in order to estimate the future greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustion. Due to the expectations of becoming the center of global economic development in the future, BRICS-T (Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, South Africa, and Turkiye) countries are adopted as cases in the study. Following the models’ derivation, their statistical validations and estimating accuracies are also tested through various metrics. In addition, the future greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustion are estimated by the derived models. The results demonstrate that the derived models can be successfully used as a tool for estimating the greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustions with accuracy ranges from at least 90% to almost 98%. Moreover, the estimating results show that the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustions in the relevant countries and in the world will increase to 14 BtCO2eq and 19 BtCO2eq by 2035, with an annual growth of 2.39% and 1.71%, respectively. In summary, the current study’s findings affirm the usefulness of trend analysis in deriving models to estimate greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal combustion.

Evaluation of Federal Government of Nigeria Funding of Public-University Education for the Attainment of Sustainable Development Goal-4

The development of a country depends upon the educational scenario of the country. Most often, sustainable development is understood to be growth that satisfies present requirements without jeopardizing the capacity of future generations to satiate their own development needs. The goal of higher education, like that of previous levels of education, is still to generate highly skilled workers who will drive the center of social, economic and scientific development through in-depth study. Ironically, the Nigerian universities funding model seems lob-sided, with the government taking the lion share. The great thing about Sustainable Goal 4 is that it calls on all United Nations members countries, including Nigeria to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote opportunities for lifelong learning for all” by 2030. While earlier studies mostly focused on funding of university education, very little research exists on the evaluation of Federal Government of Nigeria funding of public university education with an eye towards the attainment of sustainable development goal-4 target. The study adopts the institutional theory. Data for the study were drawn from participant observation and authentic secondary sources. The content analytical technique was used to review the literature on the subject matter. The study identified that financing of university education in Nigeria fall short of the benchmark of 26 % of the national budget as recommended by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Recommendations were made to prevent compromising the chances of delivery high quality university education in Nigeria by 2030.

Consumption of Values

Consumption decisions are partly influenced by values and ideologies. Consumers care about global warming, child labor, fair trade, etc. We develop an axiomatic model of intrinsic values—those that are carriers of meaning in and of themselves—and argue that they often introduce discontinuities near zero. For example, a vegetarian’s preferences would be discontinuous near zero amount of animal meat. We distinguish intrinsic values from instrumental ones, which are means rather than ends and serve as proxies for intrinsic values. We illustrate the relevance of our value-based model in different contexts, including equity concerns and prosocial behavior. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: The authors acknowledge support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grants ANR-11-IDEX-0003 and 11-LABX-0047], the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 1443/20], the AXA Research Fund [Chair for Decision Sciences], the Foerder Institute at Tel-Aviv University, and the Sapir Center for Economic Development (Gilboa). Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01632 .

Improve food, water, and economic benefits in China’s oases through crop switching

China’s oases are the center of human life and economic development for tens of millions of inhabitants in drylands. However, oases have experienced a significant expansion of cropland during the past three decades, which has resulted in rapidly increasing agricultural water demand and increasing water shortages in the region. Although crop switching is recognized as a promising strategy for improving the sustainability of agricultural production, little is known about how much it can improve the sustainability of oasis cropping systems and whether there are trade-offs among multiple sustainability goals. Here, we used a crop-water-use model, data on crop production and nutrient content, observational data on streamflow, and oasis land-use data to assess the impacts of different crop switching scenarios on water demand, nutrient supply, and income. The results showed that oasis agricultural water demand increased from 28.5 km3 to 41.1 km3 between 1987 and 2017, with 74.6 % of the oasis counties experiencing increasing agricultural water stress. By replacing all crops with those having the lowest water demand in each respective county, the demand for irrigation can be reduced by 23.1 %, and the demand for groundwater reduced by as much as 72.8 %. Crop switching scenarios that also consider crop species diversity, in which replacing the highest water demand crops with alternative crops (those with the lowest water demands, highest protein production, or highest calorie production) in each county can effectively reduce irrigation water demand (8.5–12.9 % for streamflow and 32.7–43.3 % for groundwater), while increasing protein (21.3–35.8 %) and calorie (27.5–42.7 %) production as well as income (1.4–2.4 %). Our research provides potential solutions to effectively alleviate the conflict between agricultural development and the environment in oasis regions.

Labor and Educational Migration оf Mongolian Residents to South Korea and Canada

At the beginning of the 21st century. Northeast Asia has become one of the centers of economic development and growth. There are many reasons for this. One of the main ones is the rapid growth of the economies of China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Thus, China has become the largest economic force in the region. Japan and South Korea have powerful industrial and technology companies that successfully compete in the global market. In addition, Northeast Asia has a high level of education and science, so China, Japan and South Korea are investing in scientific research, which attracts highly qualified specialists to these countries. Across the Pacific Ocean from Asia, on the North American continent, Canada has a strong economy based on industries such as natural resources, manufacturing, finance and innovation. As part of this study, the author examined the reasons for the migration of Mongolian residents to South Korea and Canada.

Sarajevo – Potential and Limitations in the Development of the City and Region

Observing through the historical prism of regional development and regionalization in Bosnia and Herzegovina, city and region of Sarajevo have special importance and significance. This is mainly due to the fact that the City of Sarajevo is the main administrative center, i.e. the center of political, economic, cultural and overall social life and development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, the Sarajevo is the center of Canton of Sarajevo, the center of this macro-region, as well as it is the capital of the entity of the Federation and state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. All those facts make Sarajevo attractive both for life and business, furthermore for studying its capacity and development potentials as well.
 In modern economics, the regions represent an important development level, while regionalisation represent an essentional component of the political systems of the modern state. The regions have become a link between local and central (state) institutions of government and local and overall economic development of country. The Bosnia and Herzegovina has a long tradition of regionalization and regionalism. Over long time, it has gone through verious phases and forms of regionalisation depening on then chraging political order. Sarajevo as a city and the region has historicaly developed in two directions. First, towards the capital of state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the main administrative center. Secondly, towards the center of the region, i.e. the macro-region. Sarajevo macro-region is the most developed region in Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of overall infrastructure and resources bacause of its normative, social importance and the position of the city itself. The territory covered by the Sarajevo macro-region has significant natural resources, energy potentials, as well as resources for the development of industry. Truistically, along with Mostar, it is a most impressive destination for tourists. Nevertheless, this macroregion still does not fully exploit the resources available to it, due to the many limitations and obsticles that directly affect it and that require adequate resolution.

FORMATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGGLOMERATIONS IN THE TERRITORIAL PLANNING SYSTEM: WORLD EXPERIENCE

The problem of urban construction and development of agglomeration associations is urgent and rapidly growing in the modern world, as cities are becoming key centres of economic, social, and ecological development. Understanding the factors that influence this process is important for sustainable urban planning and development. This study aims to analyse and study the formation of factors influencing the development of agglomeration associations in the system of territorial planning, in particular by researching world experience and analysing relevant literature. The object of the study is the process of development of agglomeration associations, and the subject of the study is the factors that influence this process in the territorial planning system. The methods of literary analysis, statistical data analysis, and comparative analysis were used in this study. The literary analysis made it possible to collect and analyse domestic and foreign sources related to the problem of the development of agglomeration associations. The analysis of statistical data provided an opportunity to confirm and emphasise certain trends in the development of agglomerations. The comparative analysis made it possible to identify differences and common features of the development of agglomerations in different countries. In the course of the study, scientific sources on agglomeration growth and territorial planning were carefully analysed and systematised. A comparative analysis of agglomeration growth in France, Germany, Japan, China, India, and Brazil was conducted, which made it possible to identify common trends and differences. Based on the conducted research, it was established that the development of agglomeration associations is a complex process with various consequences. For the practical implementation of the research results, it is recommended to develop individual approaches to territorial planning and urban development, taking into account the specific factors of each country. It is also important to actively involve the local population in the decision-making process and ensure effective monitoring and control of the sustainable development of agglomeration associations. Keywords: urban construction, territorial planning, town planning, urbanism, development of agglomerations.

UNIVERSITY-LED ENTREPRENEURSHIP ECOSYSTEM BUILDING IN UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES: FROM A NETWORK PERSPECTIVE

ABSTRACT This study examines university-driven partnerships that promote entrepreneurship in underserved communities, drawing from the experiences of NCGrowth, an economic development center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. We address the following questions: Who are the central stakeholders? How do they interact? What do their challenges and experiences imply for policymaking and practice in nurturing entrepreneurship ecosystems in underserved communities? We employed social-network analyses of NCGrowth’s projects spanning 2013–2019, supplemented by document analysis of archival data and in-depth interviews. The study uncovers highly asymmetric connections among stakeholders, with universities and government agencies emerging as dominant entities, leveraging universities’ specialized knowledge and community relationships. Nevertheless, challenges surface due to overlapping roles as facilitators, the absence of consistent community carriers of development plans, and a dearth of financial institutions. Our findings advocate for an ecosystem-focused approach to economic development in underserved areas, emphasizing the involvement of additional anchor institutions such as hospitals, major corporations, and philanthropists. Furthermore, policies and practices should integrate the objectives of entrepreneurship, economic growth, and social equity to cultivate inclusive entrepreneurship ecosystems.

TRAINING TO ADVANCE THE QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES CONTRIBUTES TO IMPROVING THE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT IN HAI PHONG CITY

Training to advance the quality of human resources is an important and urgent issue for the whole country in general and Hai Phong in particular in the context of accelerating industrialization, modernization and integration into the international economy today. In order to promote the potential and advantages of Hai Phong, as a city directly under the Central Government, a center for economic development of seaports, a focal point for international exchange and integration, the locomotive and driving force of the key economic region in the North and the whole country. Currently, Hai Phong has been implementing many solutions to improve the investment environment. At the same time, mobilizing resources, including improving the quality of human resource training to contribute to attracting investment, promoting development and socio-economic growth... Since then, building a safe and favorable investment environment for domestic and foreign investors when coming to Hai Phong.

Evaluate The Number Of Boat Trips On The Crossing Ketapang – Sheet At The Ketapang Crossing Port Of East Java Province

In this study, the authors took a case study regarding the evaluation of the number of ship trips on the Ketapang - Lembar crossing at the Ketapang Ferry Port, East Java Province. The Ketapang Ferry Port is one of the commercial Ferry Ports managed by PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Ketapang Branch and supervised by the Land Transportation Management Center Region XI, East Java Province. At this port, the operating vessels are Ro-Ro type ships that carry passengers, vehicles and goods and operate for 24 (twenty four) hours every day. Ketapang Ferry Port is one of the most crowded ferry ports. The routes at the Ketapang ferry port are the Ketapang – Gilimanuk route which connects the islands of Java and Bali and the Ketapang – Lembar route which connects the islands of Java and the islands of West Nusa Tenggara. The Ketapang – Lembar route is a new route because this route opened in December 2020. This route includes the LDF (Long Distance Ferry) route or long distance ferry service. With the existence of the Ketapang – Sheet route, it will create centers of economic growth and support overall development and it is hoped that it will reduce congestion on the island of Bali as a result of logistical transportation to the island of West Nusa Tenggara via the Padang Bai Port. Because this causes many service users going to the island of West Nusa Tenggara to prefer to use the Ketapang - Lembar cross ship because it is more efficient in travel costs and travel time. Because of this, the number of ships operating must be in accordance with existing service users so that there is no accumulation of service users and there is no vehicle overload on the ship so as not to reduce the comfort of passengers on board. The number of requests from service users for this often causes the accumulation of vehicles in the parking lot ready to load and results in overload when loading on the ship. This can be dangerous when the ship is sailing.

THE TENDENCIES OF OBJECTIFIED LABOR UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT

Topicality. Researchers increasingly define the economy of developed countries as industrial, and the current stage of its development is characterized as new industrialization. At the same time, new industrialization is defined as a necessary development model for the transformational economy of Ukraine. The meaning of the new industrialization is associated with the processes of significant, radical changes in the productive forces, which accelerated in the last decade. Among the features that characterize the development of productive forces, the main one is considered a radical change in technology. Such a change requires first significant resources invested in basic and applied science, and then huge investments in new fixed capital. Those manufacturers, economies and countries that manage to adapt new achievements of scientific and technological progress to their business processes in a timely manner will win in the competition.Aim and tasks. To study the trends of changes in embodied labor under the influence of the digitalization of the economy and to single out the factors affecting it.Materials and Methods. The results of the analysis and theoretical generalization of developments, scientific approaches to the analysis of trends in changes in embodied labor under the influence of digitalization of the economy, which are covered in publications of a fundamental, analytical, and practical nature, as well as official statistical data, analytical materials of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Center for Economic Development, McKinsey&Company reports, UNIDO and Robo Advisor Statistics form the material and methodological basis of the research. The study of trends in changes in embodied labor under the influence of digitalization of the economy and influencing factors was carried out using methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis.Research results. On the basis of the use of the method of scientific abstraction (dialectical materialism), analysis and synthesis, the trends of changes in embodied labor under the influence of the digitalization of the economy and influencing factors were studied and systematized, namely: the study of automation and robotization of enterprises was carried out; the emergence of digital means in production and the impact of the Internet of Things are considered; analyzed the change in the structure of reproduction under the influence of digitalization of production; the emergence of global digital platforms and the creation of value-added chains are considered; the transition from labor to capital and the growth of the organic structure of capital are investigated.Conclusion. Today, a system of advanced reproduction of high technologies is being formed in the world, the basis of which are automated, robotic, waste-free and unmanned productions. Therefore, a practical way to solve the problems of socio-economic development in Ukraine is the formation of a system of extended reproduction of the neo-industrial type. The immediate object that it must reproduce will be the combined high-tech national industrial capital - state and private. Each of these capitals must fulfill its role in the national economy. Public capital must function where private capital is unable to shoulder the social costs paid for by taxpayers and other members of society. Instead of fitting into other people's inter-industry chains of added value, it is necessary to form our own, which are able to integrate into national and transnational corporations. Maximization of added value will mean that its main elements - wages, state budget revenues and capital investments – will increase. Aggregate final demand and its components - the incomes of employees and the state and the internal accumulation fund - will grow. The basic products of the new industrialization are automated, robotic, digital energy-saving, cognitive technologies and workplaces. The production of these high-tech products can be the basis of the country's national revival strategy.

Pursue the coordinated development of port-city economic construction and ecological environment: A case of the eight major ports in China

As the node of traffic and the center of regional social and economic development, port cities have the dual attributes of ports and cities. To analyze the sustainable development condition of port cities, this paper selected eight representative ports located in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Bohai Rim in China, considered the geographical distance, measured the accessibility between ports and hinterland cities through an improved gravity model. Using the In-VEST model, the ecological service levels of port cities were evaluated based on four indicators: water supply, climate regulation, biodiversity, and soil conservation, then conducted a comprehensive study on the interrelationship between port-hinterland accessibility and ecological service level. The results showed that the port-hinterland accessibility index was consistent with port influence and urban economic strength. The ecological service levels of the eight port hinterland cities were significantly different, and the four ecological functions showed a synergistic relationship. However, most hinterland cities had relatively poor soil conservation functions and low coordination of ecological service indicators. Among the eight regions, only Ningbo, Zhoushan and Shenzhen had a highly sustainable development capacity, while the remaining six regions failed to achieve the synergistic development of economic construction and ecological environment. Port production level, city economic strength and ecological service level jointly influence the development of the port city system. While improving the accessibility of port cities, it is necessary to focus on the protection of the ecological environment in order to enhance sustainable development.

Development of Indicators and Approach for Enhancing Chinese Language Teacher Leadership of Secondary Schools in the Northeast

The leadership of Chinese language teachers holds great importance, as teachers play a crucial role in shaping the future of students and society as a whole. Currently, China recognizes the significance of education management, and as the center of economic and social development in Asia, teacher leadership becomes a vital factor in ensuring quality learning outcomes. This research aims to achieve the following objectives: 1) Explore the components and leading indicators of Chinese language teachers in secondary schools in the northeast region of Thailand; 2) Test the concordance of the measurement model for Chinese teacher leadership; 3) Study the approach for enhancing Chinese language teacher leadership; and 4) Investigate the results of implementing the approach at the secondary school. The research employed a mixed methods approach, consisting of four phases. Descriptive statistics and statistical packages were utilized for data analysis. The results revealed that the leadership of Chinese language teachers at the secondary level comprises four main components and twelve indicators. The measurement model for Chinese teacher leadership demonstrated consistency with empirical data, displaying statistical significance with a P-value of 0.30, RMSEA of 0.033, SRMR of 0.04, CFI of 0.99, and TLI of 0.99. Based on these findings, the approach for enhancing Chinese language teacher leadership, including the following aspects: Change leader: Teachers should possess a systematic operational plan that aims towards desired goals and be adaptable to adjust according to the situation. Self-development: Teachers need to formulate development plans for future goals, acquire knowledge, skills, and academic leadership, and exhibit creative thinking and innovative approaches. Teaching role model: Teachers should foster an environment that encourages freedom of thought, assertiveness, and strong teacher-student relationships. Participation in development: Teachers should collaboratively plan curriculum development, ensuring that teaching and learning meet international standards of academic excellence. They should also encourage multilingual communication and the production of creative work. Finally, the implementation of the guidelines yielded positive results, proving their appropriateness, feasibility, and usefulness across all aspects at a high level.

The Role of Forum Silaturahim Studi Ekonomi Islam (FoSSEI) in Increasing Public Awareness and Understanding of Islamic Economy in West Java Province

Islamic economics has become a topic of increasing interest from the Indonesian public and government in recent years. West Java Province as one of the centers of national economic development is also not left behind in developing the Islamic economy. In order to improve public knowledge of Islamic economics, FoSSEI, an organization made up of students and students interested in Islamic economics, plays a crucial role. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the FoSSEI contributes to greater public knowledge and comprehension of Islamic economics in the West Java Province. A qualitative descriptive research methodology was adopted, and data were gathered through interviews with FoSSEI members, scholars, and practitioners of Islamic economics, as well as communities participating in FoSSEI operations. In West Java Province, the findings indicated that FoSSEI plays a significant role in raising public knowledge of and comprehension of Islamic economics. FoSSEI has successfully held various activities such as seminars, training, and community service programs that focus on developing the Islamic economy. These activities have succeeded in increasing public understanding and awareness of Islamic economics.

Prospects for the Strategic Development of Rural Areas

The subject matter of the strategic development of rural areas is revealed, taking into account state support and initiatives of state regulation in the field of spatial development. The special role of the state program of the Russian Federation “Integrated Development of Rural Territories”, as well as the allocation of supporting settlements in rural areas as strategic centers of social and economic development, is noted. It is proposed to pay more attention to training specialists in the regions on the issues of strategic planning of rural development.

Finding the trade-security nexus: Taiwan’s economic statecraft from 2009 to 2021

Over the last few decades, China has become one of the most important foreign investment destinations and centers of economic development in Asia. China’s growing economic clout and coercive measures lead to the following empirical puzzles: how has Taiwan perceived China’s increasing military capabilities and economic influence? What are the major factors that facilitate or constrain the role of a government agency of a weaker state in addressing the economic power of a stronger one? More specifically, what has been the purpose of Taiwan’s economic statecraft? Based on Taiwan’s official statements, regional trade data, and newspaper coverage in Chinese and English, this study investigates both positive and negative evaluations of China-Taiwan trade from 2009 to 2021. From 2009 to 2016, President Ma Ying-jeou adopted a desecuritization strategy in normalizing bilateral trade with China, and he actively promoted greater liberalization of Taiwan’s financial and service sectors for China’s investment. From 2016 to 2021, President Tsai Ing-wen employed a securitization strategy in light of the risks of economic reliance on China’s markets. The article proceeds as follows. First, it engages the current literature on economic statecraft, China-Taiwan relations, and Asian politics. Second, this study offers a framework of desecuritization and securitization of Taiwan’s trade toward China, and it highlights how the political leaders in Taiwan attempt to find a balance between trade and security. Third, it provides in-depth case studies on how Taiwan executed desecuritization and securitization strategies. Finally, it concludes with some initial thoughts on the studies of comparative economic statecraft, and provides policy implications for countries in the Asia Pacific region and beyond.

TRANSFORMATION OF OBJECTIFIED LABOR UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITALIZATION: SIGNS AND FEATURES

TRANSFORMATION OF OBJECTIFIED LABOR UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITALIZATION: SIGNS AND FEATURES

PENURUNAN PRODUKTIVITAS PURSE SEINE DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI PULAU BAAI BENGKULU

Pulau Baai Beach Fisheries Port is the center of fishery economic growth and development in the city of Bengkulu, which is based on capture fisheries. The development of fishing business in fishing ports is a form of the development of capture fisheries activities in a port, which development defines more advanced fishing business activities. Productivity is one way to see the ability of fishing units to produce fish caught. The productivity of purse seine vessels is an important indicator to see how the production conditions produced by these fishing gears. This research was conducted at the Pulau Baai Beach Fishing Port, with the time for conducting the research starting from March 21 to May 30, 2022. The results showed that the productivity per trip of purse seine vessels has decreased in the last three years, where the productivity decrease was significantly by 35% occurred in 2019-2021, while in 2019-2020 the decline in productivity was 2.65 tonnes/trip, or 13.5%. Meanwhile, productivity based on the average GT of ships has exceeded the established standards.