Freedom Of Security Research Articles

Legal behavior and human identity in the debate paradigm of the philosophy of law

This article analyzes the peculiarities of the reflection of a person’s legal behavior in the light of various philosophical and legal scientific discourses. In general, the analysis of a person’s legal behavior in the debatable paradigm of the philosophy of law in the context of studying the problem of establishing legal cooperation illuminates the deep aspects of the interaction between the individual and the legal system. Philosophical concepts help to consider this topic on a metaphysical level, revealing the fundamental principles and moral aspects of legal behavior.
 It was established that the primary springboard for considering behavior in the context of legal reality is its consideration through the ideological paradigm of human rights, since the concept recognizes the inalienability and inalienability of the rights of each person, justifying their fundamentality due to the presence of dignity inherent to each person. The main idea is that these rights are not only legal norms, but also a key element that forms personal dignity and freedom and express the personal identity of a person, and in evaluating human behavior, the role of the state and society in ensuring and protecting rights as an unconditional axiological determinants.
 It is proved that a valid paradigm of reflection is the need to analyze behavior in the prism of a social contract, since the mutual agreement of people involves the exchange of a part of individual freedom for common order and security, ensured by the adoption of rules and obligations, which forms the basis for the creation of the state and the legal order. Thus, a person’s behavior is evaluated for its compliance with established rules and the ability to interact with other members of society in peace and mutual understanding.
 It is motivated that the philosophical analysis of ethical-philosophical concepts in the context of human behavior defines two key areas - deontology and consequentology. Deontology, focusing on duties and rules, determines the morality of actions regardless of their consequences, indicating the obligation of ethical norms, and consequentology focuses on the consequences of actions as the main criterion for their moral evaluation, emphasizing the importance of positive results.

Understanding and Balancing the Freedom of Expression and National Security in Realm of Cyberspace: An Overview of Legislative Framework in Pakistan

Understanding and Balancing the Freedom of Expression and National Security in Realm of Cyberspace: An Overview of Legislative Framework in Pakistan

Nature of INDO-US Maritime Cooperation

Indo-US maritime cooperation is a symbol of a strategic alliance built on shared geopolitical interests and a commitment to preserving peace and security in the Indo-Pacific region. Two major maritime powers, India and the United States, have come to understand the value of cooperating to find solutions to pressing problems including disaster assistance, freedom of navigation, maritime security, and counterterrorism. This cooperation is exemplified by joint naval drills, intelligence exchange, and technology transfer, all of which are indicative of a common understanding of the significance of the maritime domain in global affairs. The alliance aims to safeguard maritime commons, promote economic expansion, and advance a norm-based international order. Combining their naval force allows both nations to respond to emerging threats and preserve regional peace.

Analysis Of The 2nd Principle Of Pancasila On The Instagram Privacy Disclaimer

The article discusses the importance of user privacy on Instagram, a popular social media platform. In the digital era, millions of users share aspects of their personal lives, creating risks of data misuse and security threats. The right to privacy is recognized as a human right, including in the Indonesian Privacy Rights Law. Privacy Controls: Instagram gives users full control, allowing personal account settings. Data Policy: Instagram has a policy that explains the collection, use, and sharing of data, reflecting civilized principles. Data Security: Instagram claims to implement security measures and collaborate with third parties. Privacy Tools and Features: Instagram is constantly developing new privacy tools and features. In the context of Instagram user privacy, the principle of the 2nd Principle, "Just and Civilized Humanity," reflects fair treatment and respect for human rights. The rights to privacy, freedom of expression, data security, and control over personal information are the emphasis in implementing the 2nd Principle. Assessing the use of Instagram's privacy policy by the 2nd Principle and encouraging users to be wise in sharing information. A mixed method approach with descriptive qualitative methods and literature studies is used to understand the impact of Instagram user privacy. Privacy is a human right, and Instagram is expected to implement the principles of the 2nd Principle with policies that support the control, security, and fair treatment of users' data.

Nina Raine’in Kabileler Oyununda Ev, Engellilik ve Aitlik Hissi

Home has traditionally been perceived as a location that provides control, freedom of self-expression, and psychological, social, and physical security. However, the presence and development of physical impairment subvert the positive aspects and conventional conceptions of home. Any corporeal attributes that challenge the culturally assumed views of the disabled body are rarely or never recognized as a part of domestic life. Home transforms into a site of oppression and discrimination as the denial of impairment in the sphere of the home leads to psychological and emotional disturbance and the distortion of a sense of belonging. One contemporary play that explores the complicated relationship between impairment, home, and culture is Nina Raine’s Tribes. Tribes dramatizes the ways in which the cultural understanding and treatment of disability shape and regulate the embodied experiences of the disabled character within the confines of home. Billy’s deafness is ignored by his family members, who do not acknowledge the existence of the deaf community, sign language, and deaf culture. Additionally, Billy experiences alienation and isolation in a family that wallows in miscommunication, disagreement, misunderstanding, and lovelessness. Therefore, this essay explores how the social norms concerning the disabled body operate to determine and govern the perception and validation of hearing impairment in a home setting by focusing on the emotional aspects of an embodied life. Furthermore, it explores how the pre-established notions of the body, hierarchy, and value create feelings of alienation and a lack of belonging.

Home is where the art is? Reflections on changing notions of home and contemporary art practices in the wake of the pandemic

How has the pandemic changed ideas of home, and how have artists responded to these changes? This article considers the implications of Covid-19's impact on notions of home for contemporary art practices, with a focus on the experience of woman-identifying artists, given the gendered politics of home. Many artists have been forced to rethink how they work in response to the pandemic's effects on freedom of movement, financial security, and exhibition opportunities. In the broader community, 'working from home' has resurged with added legitimacy. To the more optimistic social analysts, Covid-19 has offered an opportunity for a major reset of work practices, but evidence suggests that the pandemic has doubled down on the unpaid care burden of women. For some woman-identifying artists, such developments have become the tipping point for exiting the industry; others have rendered their work almost entirely digital; for yet others it has provided the official imprimatur for long-developed sustaining strategies. I analyse how notions of home have been explored in contemporary art, reflect on how Covid-19 has challenged conventional experiences of home, and discuss examples of artistic practice that have adapted to these changes to examine what 'working from home' might entail in the wake of Covid-19.

Freedom of Conscience and National Security

Freedom of conscience is currently understood as the right to profess any (not only religious) worldview, as a freedom of views, assessments and beliefs, which is associated with the loss of religiosity in developed civilizations. There is a possibility for abusing this right, which is expressed in the implementation of religious, extremist and terrorist activities related to the worldview; inducement to suicide; damage to the morality and health of citizens; the use of narcotic and psychotropic drugs, hypnosis; the commission of depraved and other illegal actions. The most dangerous are those teachings that clearly claim to replace the «old» religions with the new ones. Currently, they are promoted by pseudo-religious organizations of a destructive nature, which are also called totalitarian sects. The exponential growth of such organizations is characteristic during periods of social upheaval and turmoil. On the one hand, their multiplication is a kind of symptom of a serious disease of the state organism. On the other hand, this organism becomes an object of social influence by external forces and new religious teachings are often nothing more than the embodiment of these social projects. In this regard, it is important to highlight the main feature of destructive pseudo-religious organizations — they threaten national security in the near or long term. In terms of immediate goals, the use of pseudo-religious organizations as agents of Western intelligence community should be pointed out. From the long-term perspective, the goal is the indoctrination of a considerable number of Russian citizens with a zombie consciousness ranging from active adherents of pseudo-religious ideas to obedient executors of someone else's will. The authors use empirical research to analyze the destructive organizations most known to the citizens of Russia, and to show the dynamics of their development: from pseudo-religious to extremist and further to terrorist. This is especially clearly seen in the example of the totalitarian sect «White Brotherhood», whose experience was later used for the nazification of Ukraine.

Green and blue infrastructure (GBI) and urban nature-based solutions (NbS) contribution to human and ecological well-being and health

Abstract The article explores the contributions of urban green and blue infrastructure (UGBI) and nature-based solutions (NbS) to enhance human and ecological well-being and health in urban areas. It delves into the concepts of UGBI and NbS, highlighting their importance in creating sustainable and liveable cities. We consider UGBI natural elements in the urban environment, grouped into different typologies. NbS are considered solutions, or actions, to promote environmental and human health based on the use of UGBI. The assessment was done under the umbrella of human and ecosystem health, linking well-being dimensions from the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services—freedom of choice, social relations, mental health, physical health, food security and physical security—with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, showing a link with 12 of the 15 goals. The article presents non-exhaustive lists of UGBI types and NbS actions linked to well-being dimensions. We assess ecosystem services provided by GBI and NbS and the implications of incorporating these solutions in urban environments for human and ecosystem health and the future of healthy and liveable cities.

Філософія закону, який не діє

Abstract. The relevance of the study lies in the study of negative trends of real reality in the life of Ukrainian society against the background of the international authority of our state. The problems of not fully effective operation of the law during the period of martial law and the inconsistency of the existing mechanisms for the protection of human rights and freedoms to the needs of citizens were considered. An overview of the restrictions that were introduced during the legal regime of martial law was made. Attention is focused on the unbalanced distribution of the role of the parliamentary-presidential model of interaction of all branches of government in society: the President, the National Security and Defense Council, as well as the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for the purpose of legal regulation of public life in Ukraine. The research was carried out on the basis of a sociological survey conducted in order to determine the assessment of the legal ideology of martial law (128 people). Existing legislative conflicts in the sphere of restriction of the right to freedom of speech and security are highlighted.

Media and ethical issues in terrorism reporting and the security implication in Nigeria

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between media reporting and violent extremism to explain the ethical and security issues emanating from it in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on security and ethical literature, while a multimethod approach consisting of in-depth and focus group interviews was used. Content analysis was also relied upon from the interviews granted by media experts on terrorism, security and ethics. Findings Findings revealed that journalists are facing problems in areas of freedom of expression, framing, content selection and personal security. Again, this paper opines that elements of public awareness and issues of relevance also push the media to excessive reporting in which ethics and security must stand to play a restraining role. Research limitations/implications The first limitation of this paper is the inability to interview some terrorists and know their reaction to mass media reporting on their activities because nobody is ready to own up that he is a terrorist and to point to an individual as a terrorist is a dangerous phenomenon. Again, not all reporters are ready for interviews because of the fact that they are not prepared for the academic exercise but rather for assignments that can yield fat money such as selling secret information to those who can buy them with huge amounts of money like the politicians. Practical implications There is a threat to life on both sides of the government and terrorists. Favoring one side in their report is an offense from another side. There is also a violation of their human rights in freedom of speech as a result of the political situation in Nigeria where the government is faced with insecurity that hinders media from freedom of the press to publish reports. Moreover, where the ethical issue is suppressed, it makes the government unpopular all over the world because of the lack of press freedom. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is novel as being the first of its kind where media experts are involved in research attempts on media reporting and violent extremism in relation to security and ethical issues in Nigeria.

Libertà di religione e sicurezza. Il test del terrorismo

Freedom of Religion and Security. The Test of Terrorism
 ABSTRACT: The relationship between the rights of freedom, including that of religion, and security has always been controversial and currently even more because of the fear, perceived even when not real as in Italy, of the jihadist terrorism, to which there is a risk of sacrificing the freedom to profess and propagate the Islamic religion. This essay tests the Italian jurisprudence in this regard and argues the need for balancing so that the security requirements are guaranteed by the counter-limit of the supreme principles of the Constitution and in particular by the human dignity.
 SOMMARIO: 1. Paura - 2. Sicurezza - 3. Libertà - 4. Terrorismo - 5. Bilanciamento.

SAPS ELECTRONIC REGISTER FOR PERPETRATORS OF ABUSE AGAINST WOMEN

Abuse against women is a severe social problem that needs an effective combat mechanism. Globally, women have been subjected to violence to such an extent that the problem has caught the international community’s attention. In response to the abuse of women, the international community has introduced a legal framework to assist countries in setting up preventative and protective measures to realise women’s rights and make them free from all forms of violence. The instruments introduced by the international community include UN Resolutions, General Recommendations on violence against women and children, and the like. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 guarantees everyone the right to freedom of security, including the right to be free from all forms of violence. While South Africa has made great strides in passing legislation to protect women from violence, the preventative methods have not been effective in combating women abuse. Thus, South Africa needs more preventative mechanisms to protect women, and police at the forefront of implementing those preventative mechanisms. This article investigates mechanisms that the international community has suggested, looks at other countries’ approaches to combating violence against women, and then argues for a process where women have access to information about a potential abuser’s previous criminal history.

Administrative and Legal Restrictions on the Right to Disseminate Information in the Context of Constitutional Values of Legal Freedom and State Security

The article deals with the problems of establishing administrative legal restrictions on the right to disseminate information in the context of such constitutional values as legal freedom of law and state security. The purpose of the study was to assess the institution of administrative responsibility for violating the order of dissemination of information from the point of view of these constitutional values. The subject of the study was legal relations in the field of implementation of administrative responsibility for violation of the order of dissemination of information, and the object of the study was legal doctrine, legal norms and judicial practice. In order to achieve the research goal in conjunction with general scientific and special scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, formal legal, interpretation of law), the author applied an axiological approach to the phenomena under study. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the fact that the problem of restricting the right to free dissemination of information through administrative liability mechanisms is considered through the prism of not only its possible restrictions for the security of the state, but also in the context of the correlation of freedom of information dissemination and state security, as the most important constitutional values. The author formulates the following conclusions. The establishment of administrative responsibility in the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation for violation of the order of dissemination of information is necessary to ensure state security. However, the implementation of the mechanism of the studied type of administrative responsibility should be carried out in a balanced manner, taking into account both the interests of ensuring state security and ensuring legal guarantees of the constitutional right of everyone to freely disseminate information.

Parents’ Perspectives on Children’s Independent Mobility in Selected Rural Towns in South Africa: A Human Capabilities Perspective

A child’s independent mobility is essential to their social, emotional physical, and cognitive development and provides children the opportunity to explore and experience their environment. The freedom of free movement and security from all forms of harm is necessary for achieving the capability of bodily integrity which is one of the essential capabilities necessary for well-being. Despite this, research on child independent mobility in Africa remains limited. Hence, this paper focuses on parents’ perspectives on children’s independent mobility in rural towns in South Africa to understand the factors that enhance or impede children’s independent mobility. This is essential in suggesting guidelines and recommendations to promote the independent mobility of children in South Africa. A qualitative methodology was used as the research approach to guide the collection and analysis of the data. Data were collected from a sample of parents in the community and thematically analysed in ATLAS.ti. From this study, it can be noted that parents were not comfortable with the independent movement of their children due to the issues of safety around the community. This led to the restricted movement of children, supervised movements, accompaniment of children to school, and organising transport to ferry children to and from school. This study, therefore, calls for the involvement of stakeholders from various levels to develop and implement strategies to promote safe and child-friendly environments in the community. This is essential in enhancing and restoring a child’s independent mobility.

The Limitations of External Manifestations of Freedom of Religion and State Security. Pandemic Crisis, State and Catholic Church in Slovakia

The paper focuses on research of the relationship between the State and the Catholic Church in an emergency such as the current pandemic health crisis, affecting human rights, including the fundamental right to religious freedom. In such a situation, constructive relations based on mutual respect of subjects, who are also aware of their place in a democratic society, are very important. We will illustrate the study of these relations and their development in the article in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. The article deals mainly with the period during the so-called first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in Slovakia. Although other waves of the pandemic have already passed, it seems that restrictions on religious freedom have not been sufficiently analyzed.

Margaret Atwood'un Kalp Gidince Romanında Özgürlük ve Güvenlik İkilemi

Kalp Gidince, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde geçen distopik bir romandır ve bankacılıktan üretime her sektörün çöktüğü bir toplum anlatılır. Kitapta, işsizlik, evsizlik ve şiddet istisnadan ziyade normu oluşturmaktadır. Hikaye evlerini ve işlerini kaybeden ve arabalarında yaşayan genç bir çift üzerinden anlatılır. Bu çift, artık sadece hayatta kalmaya çalışmakta ve güvenlik uğruna özgürlüklerinden vazgeçmektedir. Distopyalar yazıldığı dönemin korkularını ele alırlar. Romanda anlatılan toplum geç kapitalist bir toplumdur. Geç kapitalist toplumlar belirsizlik, güvensizlik ve kırılganlık üzerine kurulmuşlardır ve bunlardan kaynaklanan korku ve endişeyi sömürmektedir. Kalp Gidince romanı da bu sömürüyü yansıtmaktadır. Romanda kahramanlar güvenlik ve istikrar vaat eden bir projeye dahil olmakta, sonucunda özgürlüklerini kaybetmektedir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde distopya ve sosyal teori ilişkisi ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde romanın özeti ve bağlamı verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde geç kapitalist toplumların analizi akışkan modernlik tezi üzerinden yapılmıştır. Son bölümde özgürlük ve güvenlik arasındaki çelişkili ilişki ele alınmış ve bu çelişkili ilişki sonucunda ortaya çıkan tahakküm ilişkileri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel tezi, korkuyu harekete geçiren ve sömüren toplum yapısının güvenlik ihtiyacını tetiklediği ve bu ihtiyacının özgürlük kaybına yol açacağıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Distopya, akışkan modernlik, geç kapitalizm, özgürlük-güvenlik ikilemi JEL Sınıflandırması: P1, Y92, Y80, F59

'Anti-fugue' plant device, an innovative concept in gerontology

Plant features represent amodality of outdoor architecture that can be integrated into a project to take into account the particularities of patients and residents, and in particular those with cognitive disorders and risks of running away. The concept of a "plant-based security system" is an innovative and transposable prevention approach that reconciles the constitutional right to freedom of movement and security. A living concept illustrated by the Seilleraye EHPAD in Carquefou.

Tension between the individual's fundamental human rights and the protection of the public from infectious and formidable epidemic diseases

SUMMARY Emerging infectious and formidable epidemic diseases are a cause for concern and a serious threat to the global health. At the time of writing a number of these diseases have no cure. States in their domestic legislation applicable to matters of public health have come up with approaches to deal with such diseases. Zimbabwe has enacted primary legislation and regulations dealing with public health in an effort to suppress and prevent these diseases. The Zimbabwean Public Health Act, for example, authorises the notification of infectious and formidable epidemic diseases and the inspection of infected premises. The Act further empowers the Minister of Health and Child Care to enact regulations. Through the Public Health Regulations, the government of Zimbabwe declared COVID-19 a formidable epidemic disease. Warranted by the Health Act, the Minister of Health and Child Care made treatment, testing, detention and isolation compulsory during the period in which COVID-19 is declared a formidable epidemic disease. This article seeks to provide a critical analysis of these measures as provided in the Public Health Act and health regulations in light of the constitutionally-guaranteed rights of privacy, freedom of security, liberty and freedom of movement. The question sought to be answered by the author is whether these measures justifiably trumps the rights of individuals. Key words: infectious diseases; formidable epidemic diseases; public health; fundamental human rights; legislation

Guilt, Dangerousness and Liability in the Era of Pre-Crime – the Role of Criminology? To Adapt, or to Die, that is the Question!

Abstract There is no doubt that, in terms of criminal policy, we have been living in an era of pre-crime for quite some time now. Whether we like it or not, times have changed and so has the general position on concepts of (criminal) guilt, dangerousness and liability. Whereas once there was a broad consensus that penal repression, at least in principle, should be executed in a strictly postcrime fashion, nowadays the same consensus has been reached on trading freedom (from penal repression) for (promised) security, long before an »actual crime« might even be committed. In this regard, the criminalisation of endangerment and risks only nomotechnically solves the issue of »actual« vs. »potential« crimes – in essence it merely creates a normative fiction of pre-crime crimes, whereas in reality actual crimes do not exist at all. The starting point of criminalisation has clearly shifted away from the guilt of having committed a crime, to the mere dangerousness of potentially committing a crime, which potential as such is purely hypothetical and beyond the grasp of empirical proof. Such shift raises fundamental criminological and sociological questions, just as it highlights our obligation to process and shape this shift. The change of paradigm from post- to pre-crime also makes one wonder about the current and future role of criminology. It makes one wonder about criminology’s capacity to adapt and its willingness to take on a transdisciplinary lead role in scientising or even criminologising the precrime era. In the end it also makes one wonder whether such an engagement would be scientifically justified.

Solidarity statement by academics attending MMFF

Delegates to the Melanesia Media Freedom Forum express their solidarity with media workers in Melanesia in their struggle for freedom of expression, security, and professional recognition. Delegates note the words of Secretary-General of the Pacific Islands Forum Dame Meg Taylor who told the Asia Lecture at Griffith University, Brisbane, on 11 November 2019: ‘We live in unprecedented times of change which will test our abilities to respond.’