Centennial Tribute Research Articles

On Some Characterizations of Probability Distributions with Applications in Econometrics: A Centennial Tribute to CR Rao

CR Rao, the living legend in statistics, is celebrating his birth centenary year in 2020–21. One of the major areas in which Rao made significant contributions to statistics is characterization problems. The main objective of this paper is to connect the work of Rao and his followers on characterization to the underlying fundamental econometric problem. In doing so, the authors hope to draw the attention of the econometricians to the characterization method as a tool to further advance the less attempted problem of econometric modeling with errors in variables. The authors also hope that this paper would draw the attention of statisticians to the more interesting characterization problems arising in econometrics, there by providing fields of application to a class of characterization problems that otherwise remain mostly theoretical. Ragnar Frisch, the founder of econometrics, conceived the econometric model as a system of linear structural equations. Noting how one can use the reduced form equations to determine the joint distribution of the endogenous variables, given the distribution of the exogenous variables, Frisch asked the inverse question: under what distributional assumptions on the exogenous variables, does there exist a system of linear structural equations? Keeping this in the background, CR Rao answered that question in 1943 and 1947 using the characterization method and further advanced the characterization method in statistics. Rao and his followers, however, did not connect their work with the underlying econometric problem. The authors extend the econometric problem posed by Frisch to a two endogenous and two exogenous variables case and establish the existence of two linear structural equations and their identification, as an example of the potential benefits from this association between econometrics and statistics.

A centennial tribute to the Politzer Acoumeter

ObjectiveThis year (2020) is the centenary of the death of the great otologist, Adam Politzer (1835–1920), the Founding Father of Otology. As a centennial tribute to him, the origin and development of his acoumeter is presented.Methodhistorical study based exclusively on primary sources.ResultsInvented by Politzer in 1877, this small portable device to test auditory acuity was quickly accepted by colleagues and remained in popular use for more than 50 years. A detailed account of the Politzer Acoumeter is given together with a comparison with similar contemporary devices, which were also commercially available for clinical hearing testing.ConclusionThere is no doubt that the Politzer Acoumeter had given the electrical audiometer a good run. For more than half a century, it had been widely used and had proved to be a very useful test of hearing.

Victoria Aarons and Gustavo Sánchez Canales, eds. Bernard Malamud: A Centennial Tribute

Victoria Aarons and Gustavo Sanchez Canales, eds. Bernard Malamud: A Centennial Tribute Wayne State University Press, 2016. Pp. 320. ISBN: 978-0-8143-4114-8 Paule Levy This collection of essays, written in celebration of the hundredth anniversary of the writer’s birth, brings together a variety of critical voices, both from the United States and Europe (Spain, France, Germany, Italy and Greece). It is an attempt to illustrate the richness and complexity of Malamud’s work through international...

A real-time strategy game, “GALLIPOLI WARS,” as a centennial tribute to the Gallipoli Campaign (1915–2015)

The same authors had reported a review of game development processes and methodologies in an earlier paper. In that paper, game design elements, such as the players, story, rules, objectives, procedures, conflict, and challenge, and their effect over gameplay were treated. Technical components in that paper included the render engine and rendering pipeline (fixed function pipeline and flexible pipeline), physics engine and physics-related techniques (collision detection, ray-casting, etc.), game codes (for game mechanics, artificial intelligence, scenario creation, and management) and artwork contents (game level, three-dimensional (3D) models, two-dimensional maps for shaders, skeletal animation, and audio assets) that form a game. Along with their development processes and approaches, all of these technical and artwork components are applied on a case problem and are summarized in this paper. The case problem considered is a small part of Gallipoli or Dardanelles Wars in Ottoman history, as a real-time 3D strategy game.

A centennial tribute to Gregory Bateson 1904-1980 and his influence on the fields of organizational development and action research

This article describes the life and writing of Gregory Bateson, whose centennial is being celebrated in 2004 and who Fritjof Capra has described as ‘One of the most influential thinkers of our time’. The article then describes the influence of Bateson’s work on the fields of organization development and action research, with particular reference to: organizational culture, organizational learning and knowledge management, systemic thinking and the importance of an environmental perspective. The article ends by showing how Bateson was setting out a new paradigm for our times that transcends the differently blinkered approaches of science and religion.

Larry Silver. Essay on "Meyer Schapiro as Faustian Scholar: A Centennial Tribute."

Larry Silver. Essay on "Meyer Schapiro as Faustian Scholar: A Centennial Tribute."

Adomnan at Birr, AD 697: Essays in Commemoration of the Law of the Innocents (review)

at Birr, AD 697: Essays in Commemoration of the Law of the Innocents. Edited by Thomas O'Loughlin. (Dublin: Four Courts Press. Distributed in the United States by ISBS, Portland, Ore. 2001. Pp. 77. $55.00.) This small but valuable book is the work of three distinguished scholars, one of whom has also served as the editor. work was occasioned by a conference held at (Ireland) in june, 1997, to mark the promulgation there, 1300 years earlier, of a pioneering piece of social legislation promoted by that leading Gaelic cleric of the late seventh century, a man of great learning and practical ability, (pronounced Athovnaan), heir of St. Columba and therefore abbot of Iona (Scotland). It is suspected that this law was itself a centennial tribute to St. Columba, who died in 597. decree-law of (CainAdomnain, otherwise Lex Innocentium) was designed to define a category of non-combatants (innocentes)-females, clerics, and pre-adolescent boys-who would henceforth be protected from violence in the warlike society which was Gaeldom in the early Middle Ages. most important part of this book is the translation of the core-text of Cain Adomnain, presented here with a brief introduction by Mairin Ni Dhonnchadha (pp. 53-68), who is herself preparing a full new edition of this work. Her translation shows that we may expect some marked advances over Kuno Meyer's spare but pioneering edition published in 1905. She has also (p. 16) offered an important re-dating of the narrative preface of the Cain, to about A.D. 1000. This chapter displays more typographical errors than is desirable, however, and an unfortunate habit of using bizarre anglicized plurals of Old-Irish words (cumals, fines, ollams, sets with, moreover, inadequate local guidance given as to what the words themselves mean. three other chapters-the same author's Birr and the Law of the Innocents (pp. 13-32), The World of Adomnan by Maire Herbert (pp. 33-9), and the indefatigable editor's Adomnan: a man of many parts (pp. 41-51)-provide, with a sure touch, various kinds of essential context. A paper on the larger context of Irish canon and civil law would have been welcome too-that can in large measure, however, be supplied by the pamphlet (only slightly shorter than the book under review) by T. M. Charles-Edwards, Early Mediaeval Gaelic Lawyer (Cambridge, 1999), to which frequent reference has been made in at Birr. …

Comrade Robeson: A Centennial Tribute to an American Communist

Comrade Robeson: A Centennial Tribute to an American Communist

The Trained Eye: Photographs and Historical Context

Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver by PAUL YEE. Seattle, Wash. and Vancouver, Can.: University of Washington Press and Douglas & McIntyre, 1988; photographs, illustrations, notes, further reading, index; clothbound, $35.00. Philadelphia Stories: A Photographic History, 1920-1960 by FREDRIC M. MILLER, MORRIS J. VOGEL, and ALLEN F. DAVIS. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988; xiv + 320 pp., photographs, sources, index; clothbound, $29.95. The Photography of Paul Briol: A Centennial Tribute, edited by DOTTIE L. LEWIS. Cincinnati, Ohio: Cincinnati Historical Society, 1989; 96. pp., photographs, biographical chronology, subject index to the photographs in the collection; paperbound, $12.95. F. J. Haynes: Photographer, edited by the STAFF OF THE MONTANA HISTORICAL SOCIETY. Helena, Mont.: Montana Historical Society, 1981; 192 pp., photographs; clothbound, $29.95. Images of History: Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Latin American Photographs as Documents by ROBERT M. LEVINE. Durham: Duke University Press, 1989; xii + 218 pp., photographs, notes, glossary, sources, bibliography, index; clothbound, $72.50. The Burden of Representation: Essays on Photographies and Histories by JOHN TAGG. Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988; xii + 242 pp., photographs, references, bibliography, index; paperbound, $14.95.

S. N. Bose (1894‐1974) and the Bose quantum statistics a centennial tribute

This centennial tribute commemorates Bose the Man and Bose the Scientist. A survey of S.N. Bose's life and career is presented in some detail. His major scientific contributions including the discovery of Bose statistics and the novel derivation of the Planck black body radiation formula are described.

Emil Fischer's Proof of the Configuration of Sugars: A Centennial Tribute

AbstractToday's textbooks convey the deceptive impression that chemistry developed in a rational and orderly process with discoveries following one upon another in a vertical progression—an impression that tends to classify Fischer's achievement as a matter‐of‐fact historical development. This misconception does not consider the instances of serendipity invariably involved, and entirely fails to appreciate the human endeavor, the intellectual struggle of the dedicated researcher, and the forging force of his personality that eventually led to this key insight. The hundredth anniversary of Fischer's classical piece of work provides a welcome opportunity not only to highlight its paramount importance for the development of carbohydrate chemistry, and of organic chemistry in general, but to trace the creative processes underlying this fundamental discovery, the thought patterns at a conceptual level, and the constructive reasoning that eventually led to it. Their understanding and appreciation is essential for emulating Fischer's achievement in a modern context.Die Geschichte einer Wissenschaft ist diese Wissenschaft selbst, J. W. von Goethe

Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887‐1920) A centennial tribute

This centennial tribute commemorates Ramanujan the man and Ramanujan the mathematician. A brief account of his remarkable mathematical contributions is presented to describe the great talent of Srinivasa Ramanujan. Considerable discussion is made of his new and important ideas, results and theorems in various subjects including definite integrals, hypergeometric series, Bernoulli and Euler numbers, the Riemann zeta function, distribution of prime numbers, theory of partitions and statistical mechanics, continued fractions, hypergeometric functions, Rogers‐Ramanujan identities, theory of representation of numbers as sums of squares, Ramanujan's τ‐function, q‐series, elliptic and modular functions.

Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887‐1920) and the theory of partitions of numbers and statistical mechanics a centennial tribute

This centennial tribute commemorates Ramanujan the Mathematician and Ramanujan the Man. A brief account of his life, career, and remarkable mathematical contributions is given to describe the gifted talent of Srinivasa Ramanujan. As an example of his creativity in mathematics, some of his work on the theory of partition of numbers has been presented with its application to statistical mechanics.

Albert Einstein—the Man‐Scientist Duality

This centennial tribute commemorates Einstein the Man and Einstein the Scientist. A brief account of his great character and his remarkable scientific contributions is presented in recognition of the unique, man—scientist duality of Einstein. This article is an expanded version of the first author's lecture delivered at the Birth Centenary Symposium of Albert Einstein held in the S. N. Bose Institute of Physical Sciences, University of Calcutta in July 1978.

The case of the consumptive conductor, or public health on a streetcar: A. centennial tribute to Alfred F. Hess, MD.

The case of the consumptive conductor, or public health on a streetcar: A. centennial tribute to Alfred F. Hess, MD.

Review of The First American Music Conference at the University of Keele, The Literature of American Music, Ed. David Horn, Charles Ives and the American Band Tradition: A Centennial Tribute by Jonathon Elkus, The American Music Handbook by Christopher Pa

Review of The First American Music Conference at the University of Keele, The Literature of American Music, Ed. David Horn, Charles Ives and the American Band Tradition: A Centennial Tribute by Jonathon Elkus, The American Music Handbook by Christopher Pa

Robert E. Park and the Chicago School of Sociology: A Centennial Tribute*

Bien qu'il semble plus près de nous qu'eux, Robert Park, né en 1864, etait contemporain de Durkheim, Simmel et Weber. Nonobstant le mythe si répandu au sujet de l'école de Chicago en sociologie, Park ne fit pas qu'accumuler des données empiriques sur les problèmes sociaux à Chicago; il fut un théoricien d'une valeur exceptionnelle, bien au fait de la science sociale europeienne et profondément intéressé au côte humaniste en sociologie. Avec certains collègues, dont feu Robert Redfield, il partagea ou leur communiqua une perspective qui, d'une part, s'est avérée d'une importance théorique vitale et qui, d'autre part, a été des plus fructueuses dans la recherche. La lecture de son ôeuvre est toujours profitable et agréable.

CHARLES GOUNOD

Journal Article CHARLES GOUNOD: A CENTENNIAL TRIBUTE Get access JULIEN TIERSOT JULIEN TIERSOT Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume IV, Issue 3, July 1918, Pages 409–439, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/IV.3.409 Published: 01 July 1918

Baselevel, Grade and Peneplain

Baselevel, Grade and Peneplain