Cell Carcinoma In Indian Population Research Articles

Safety and Efficacy of Sunitinib for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in Indian Population: A Tertiary Care Center Experience

Safety and Efficacy of Sunitinib for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in Indian Population: A Tertiary Care Center Experience

Genetic variations of IL-10: Identification of novel variations and evaluation of the impact of the SNPs/haplotype in the promoter region with the progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Indian population

The correlation of interleukin 10 (IL-10) with the outbreak and progression of cancer has been well established as it contributes to tumor immune evasion. Convincing number of evidences has been accumulated to reflect the critical correlation between IL-10 polymorphism and tumorogenesis. Several polymorphic sites at promoter regions have been reported to be associated with cancer susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of modulated genotypes in the promoter region of IL-10 gene with life-style habits in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the Indian population. A total of 300 subjects (100 OSCC, 50 precancer and 150 healthy controls) were recruited in this study. The IL-10 promoter region was amplified in 14 overlapping fragments by PCR and further screened through the high throughput technique of denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (dHPLC) followed by sequencing. We identified three novel variations at positions (−924, −1045 & −1066); we also found some known SNPs (−592C/A, −657G/A, −851G/A, −819C/T, −1082A/G). The identified novel variations were submitted to the NCBI Gene Bank (accession numbers KT153594, KT291742 and KT291743). We also noticed a significant association of polymorphisms (−592C/A, −819C/T and −1082A/G) individually as well as in combination (haplotypes) along with lifestyle habits for the risk of oral carcinoma (p<0.0001). We have reported three novel SNPs in the Indian population for the first time, and these SNPs may be associated with OSCC. Besides, we showed the first evidence of IL-10 haplotypes, i.e., CCG and CTG, may act as a biomarker for early detection of oral pre-cancerous/cancerous lesions or treatment management of oral carcinoma.

Effects of Tobacco Habits on the Polymorphism of NFKB1 and NFKB1A Gene of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Indian Population

Background:Polymorphism of NFKB1 and NFKB1A are highly associated with cancer. We have assessed polymorphism in the promoter region of NFKB1 -94 del/ins ATTG (rs28362491) and NFKB1A -826 C/T (rs2233406) with the risk of HNSCC in Indian population.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for the genotyping NFKB1 -94 del/ins ATTG and NFKB1A -826 C/T. Sequencing was done to validate the results of PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis of data was done by Stata/SE-14.0 software.Results:ins/ins genotype was observed to be a risk factor of HNSCC as compared del/del genotype of NFKB1 -94 ATTG. Interactive effects of smoking and chewing on ins/ins genotype showed 13.96 and 10.92 fold increased risk of HNSCC. NFKB1A -826 C/T polymorphism, TT genotype showed no association with the risk of HNSCC as compared to wild type CC genotype.Conclusion:Our results showed NFKB1 -94 del/ins ATTG with smoking and tobacco chewing may increase the risk of HNSCC while NFKB1A -826 C/T plays a protective role in Indian population.

Levels of neutrophil gelatinase-assosciated lipocalin in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Indian population from Haryana state.

AIMTo study the levels of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).METHODSThis was a non randomized case control study conducted at Department of Biochemistry, in collaboration with Regional Cancer Center over a period of one year. The study population included 50 adult newly diagnosed HNSCC patients reporting in outpatient department at Regional Cancer Center and compared with 50 healthy controls. NGAL was estimated by ELISA technique. Student t test and χ2 test were applied for comparison of means of study groups. Correlations between groups were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient (r) formula.RESULTSPatients with HNSCC exhibited significantly increased levels of NGAL (P < 0.05) as compared to healthy controls (978.88 ± 261.39 ng/mL vs 34.83 ± 7.59 ng/mL). Out of 50, 26 patients (52%) were in stage IV, 21 (42%) in stage III, 1 (2%) patient in stage II and 2 (4%) patients were in stage I. Metastasis was absent in 98% patients and mean NGAL levels were highest in these patients but P value was not significant. Mean NGAL levels were highest in stage IV [1041.54 ± 222.15 ng/mL (stage IV) vs 1040 ± 0.00 ng/mL (stage I); 900 ± 0.00 ng/mL (stage II) and 1031.90 ± 202.55 ng/mL (stage III)] and χ2 test was highly significant (P < 0.001). Thirty-six patients (72%) were having moderately differentiated HNSCC and mean NGAL levels were maximum in patients with well differentiated HNSCC (1164 ± 315.64 ng/mL vs 1013.33 ± 161.19 ng/mL in moderately differentiated and 890 ± 11.55 ng/mL in poorly differentiated) and the results were also highly significant (P < 0.001, χ2 test).CONCLUSIONThe present work demonstrates a potential role of NGAL as cancer biomarker and its use in monitoring the HNSCC progression.

Abstract 581: Mutational landscape of PIK3CA gene and its association with oral squamous cell carcinoma in Indian population

Abstract Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) - the subset of Head and Neck Cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and leading cancer in India. Western part of India (Gujarat) is a prime tobacco growing belt, henceforth, has a high tobacco consumption and increased occurrence of oral cancer. Phosphatidylinositol- 3- kinase (PI3K) is heterodimeric protein kinase composed of catalytic subunit, p110α, and a regulatory subunit, p85α; which regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The PIK3CA gene, encodes p110α catalytic subunit, when somatically mutated gets highly deregulated in number of cancers. Canonical mutations E542K, E545K and H1047R in p110α have proven to have higher oncogenic potential, subsequently activating downstream pathways. However, this observation has been reported in limited ethnicity in OSCC. Therefore, we have analyzed mutation profile of exon9 and 20 of PIK3CA gene in 50 OSCC primary tumors and corresponding control samples by direct sequencing in Indian population. We have observed two hot spots mutations E542K and E545K in exon 9, which were earlier reported to activate downstream signaling pathways and two synonymous mutations C3075T and C2985T in exon 20 in fourteen and one OSCC patients, respectively. Patients harboring oncogenic mutations were at advanced stage of OSCC having tobacco chewing history more than ten years. Additionally, we observed two Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs114587137 (C&amp;gt;T) and rs17849071 (T&amp;gt;G) in intron 9 of PIK3CA gene, which was found germ line mutated in fifteen and three OSCC patients respectively. In summary, we found 4% (2/50) oncogenic mutation frequency of PIK3CA gene, which may play a crucial role through PI3K downstream signaling pathway in oral neoplasia. Our study supports the notion that lower oncogenic mutation frequency of PIK3CA gene has been found in Asian populations but comparable to that seen in western countries. The knowledge of the involvement of PIK3CA mutations in OSCC is of importance, because a specific kinase inhibitor of PIK3CA may potentially serve as an effective therapeutic target against OSCC as a personalized medicine. Citation Format: Sejal Shah, Siddharth Shah, Harish Padh, Kiran Kalia. Mutational landscape of PIK3CA gene and its association with oral squamous cell carcinoma in Indian population. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 581. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-581

A Prospective Study of Level IIB Nodal Metastasis (Supraretrospinal) in Clinically N0 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Indian Population.

Oral cavity carcinoma is the most common cancer in Indian population. Metastatic nodal disease is the most important prognostic factor for oral cancers. In head and neck cancers with clinically N0 neck, standard selective neck dissection is performed by protecting the spinal accessory nerve to remove level IIA & IIB lymph nodes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the significance of level IIB dissection in patients of oral cavity cancer who underwent primary surgery with functional neck dissection. Two hundred ten patients with clinically N0 neck underwent neck dissection, where level IIB lymph nodes were dissected, labelled and processed separately. Among 210 patients of clinically N0 neck, 168 patients were pathologically N0 (80%). Out of remaining 42 (20%), 36 (17.14%) were pN1 and 6 (2.86%) were pN2. Among those with pN1 (36), level IB was involved in 24 patients (66.67%) and level IIA was involved in 12 patients (33.33%). Only 2 patients had involvement of level IIB lymph nodes. Among 6 patients of pN2 disease, 4 patients had simultaneous involvement of level IB and level IIA lymph nodes. Remaining 2 patients had isolated involvement of level III lymph nodes. Thus only 2 patients (< 1%) out of 210 clinically N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma showed level IIB lymph node involvement. Thus we conclude that a frozen section of level 2a is advisable to decide the need for level 2b node dissection in clinically N0 neck as the sensitivity of clinical evaluation is extremely low.

OP189: A prospective study of level IIB nodal metastasis in clinically node negative oral squamous cell carcinoma in indian population

Objectives Level IIB lymph node dissection is known to be associated with tractional spinal accessory nerve injury resulting in shoulder dysfunction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the extent of level IIB node involvement in patients with oral cavity SCC who underwent primary surgery with functional neck dissection. Study design Prospective Methods and materials A prospective study of 175 patients of oral SCC admitted to a tertiary care centre during period from January 2011 to July 2012 was conducted. During neck dissection, level IIB lymph nodes were dissected, labelled, and processed separately from the remainder of functional neck dissection specimen. We studied the incidence of histopathological metastasis to level IIB nodes in cN0 (clinically node negative) patients. Results Of 175 cases of cN0 neck, 80% were pN0. Out of remaining 20% pN+, 66% showed evidence of level IB nodal involvement. Only 2 patients showed evidence of level IIB node involvement (1.14%). This was associated with simultaneous involvement of level IIA. There was no evidence of isolated level IIb lymph node involvement in clinically N0 disease. Conclusion Isolated level IIB nodal involvement is rare in patients of oral SCC with cN0 neck. It is almost always associated with simultaneous level IIA involvement. To improve the functional outcome of spinal accessory nerve, level IIB lymph node dissection may be avoided in cN0 patients. We recommend frozen section of level IIa node to safely avoid level IIb dissection if the frozen is negative for metastatic disease at level IIa.