Celal Bayar University Research Articles

Psychologıcal Effects of Earthquakes and Study of Earthquake Awareness Through Manısa Celal Bayar Unıversıty Students

This article aims to discuss the serious psychological problems such as insecurity, anxiety, fear, and trauma that arise in individuals due to the sudden and inevitable nature of earthquakes. Earthquakes stand out as a prominent threat among natural disasters, affecting not only the physical environment but also the human psyche extensively. The impact of earthquakes goes beyond material losses, deeply affecting emotional well-being. The insecurity triggered by earthquakes influences individuals' life standards and creates a sense of uncertainty about the future. These sudden events create an atmosphere of anxiety and fear, disrupting the emotional balance of individuals. Moreover, trauma occurring during and after earthquakes can lead to long-term psychological issues for individuals. Particularly, earthquakes can result not only in material losses but also in loss of life, initiating the mourning process and further triggering depression and grief. Focusing on the general effects of earthquakes, this study delves into how earthquakes impact individuals' mental health beyond physical damage. In this context, the study will first review the literature on the subject and create a conceptual framework by investigating the economic, social and psychological effects of earthquakes on society. Then, a field research will be conducted using face-to-face interview technique. For this qualitative research, semi-structured interview questions will be prepared and data will be collected by interviewing students studying at Manisa Celal Bayar University who have experienced or not experienced earthquakes, and some inferences will be made by interpreting the data obtained. With the findings of the research, it is thought to reveal students' coping mechanisms with psychological stress caused by earthquakes and the differences in this process. In addition, how earthquake awareness varies among students and suggestions for strengthening this awareness will be presented.

Beyond Infection: Unmasking the Impact of COVID-19 on Diabetes Emergency Trends.

Introduction The relationship between COVID-19 and diabetes has been demonstrated in many studies. However, it is thought that the psycho-socioeconomic effects of the pandemic led to a worsening of glycemic control and an increase in diabetes-associated clinical emergencies in diabetic patients without a diagnosis of COVID-19. Objectives We aimed to reveal the change in the frequency of diabetes-related clinical emergencies before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and methods The data of the patients requiring endocrinology consultations in Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Emergency Service between March 2018 and March 2022 were included. In total, 269 consultations were analyzed. The March 2018 - March 2020 period was considered as pre-COVID, and March 2020 - March 2022 as the COVID-19 period. The frequency of diabetes-related conditions between these two periods was compared. Results Compared to the pre-COVID period, there was a significant increase in the frequency of admissions with diabetic ketosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia in the COVID-19 period (p=0.022, p=0.037, p=0.044, and p=0.004 respectively). Although an increase was observed in the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) cases, no statistical significance was found. When the mortality data of the patients was evaluated, the total number of deaths was seen to increase significantly in the COVID-19 period (p=0.01). It was observed that the ratio of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)/type 1 DM among DKA patients increased significantly in the COVID-19 period (p=0.001). Conclusions It can be concluded that the increasing trend in diabetic emergencies that started even before the pandemic is exacerbated by COVID-19, especially in patients with poor glycemic control.

Long-Term Follow-up Results of Children with Urolithiasis Followed in Our Clinic

Title and Objective: Urolithiasis is a prevalent condition frequently observed in childhood within the Turkish population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic, radiological, and clinical features of pediatric patients with urolithiasis. Materials and Methods: Records of 158 children referred to the Pediatric Nephrology Department of Celal Bayar University between 2010 and 2020 with suspected urolithiasis and microlithiasis were retrospectively reviewed. The complaints and ages of the cases during hospital admission, their medical histories, and the location of the stones were determined. All patients underwent complete urine analysis, spot urine electrolytes, urine culture, serum electrolytes, kidney function tests, uric acid, albumin measurements, and urinary ultrasonography. 24-hour urine electrolytes were studied in patients capable of urine collection. Stone analysis using X-ray diffraction was performed on patients from whom stones were obtained. Results: Out of the individuals, 88 (55.7%) were male, and 70 (44.3%) were female, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of 1.25:1. The average age at the time of diagnosis was determined to be 89.82 ± 57.35 months. A family history of urolithiasis was reported in 108 (68.3%) patients, and 46 individuals (29%) were born from consanguineous marriages. At the time of diagnosis, 32 patients (20%) had a urinary tract infection. Stones were predominantly situated in the upper urinary system in 129 patients (81.6%), with 123 (77.8%) having unilateral stones and 35 (22.2%) having bilateral stones. Calcium oxalate stones were the most commonly observed (80%) in patients who underwent stone analysis. Hypercalciuria emerged as the most frequently identified urinary metabolic risk factor. At the end of the follow-up period, 14 patients experienced a recurrence, while 67 patients remained free of stones. Conclusion: Urolithiasis continues to be a significant concern among children in our nation. Due to the higher recurrence rate and more frequent underlying metabolic disorders in children with stone diseases compared to adults, metabolic assessment and stone analysis are recommended procedures, emphasizing the need for lifelong monitoring in these cases.

Comparison of early characteristics of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome and Kawasaki disease in children and the course of Kawasaki disease in the pandemic

IntroductionMultisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a newly described disease manifestation in children associated with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be easily confused with Kawasaki disease with its clinical and laboratory findings. In this study, the clinical findings, organ involvements, similarities, and differences in laboratory and imaging of the children with MIS-C and KD at the time of admission will be revealed in detail, and the treatment methods and follow-up results will be revealed.Material and methodOur study was a single-center study and included pediatric patients who were treated with a diagnosis of MIS-C between March 2020 and July 2023 in the pediatric cardiology, pediatric emergency, pediatric infection, and pediatric intensive care clinics at Celal Bayar University and who were treated with a diagnosis of KD (complete/incomplete) between January 2015 and July 2023. MIS-C diagnosis was made according to the Turkish Ministry of Health COVID-19 guidelines. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiography findings, treatments given, and clinical course of all patients included in the study were evaluated.ResultsThe median age was 30 months (7–84) in KD and 96 months (6-204) in MIS-C, and it was significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000). Symptom duration was significantly longer in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000). In terms of clinical features, gastrointestinal syndrome findings (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) and respiratory findings (dyspnea) were significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.007, p = 0.000, p = 0.002, respectively). Regarding cardiovascular system involvement, coronary involvement was significantly higher in the KD group. However, valvular involvement, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and pericardial effusion were significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.023, respectively). In terms of laboratory findings, white blood cell count was higher in KD (p = 0.000), absolute lymphocyte count, platelet level, blood sodium, and albumin levels were lower in MIS-C group (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.003, respectively), ferritin and troponin levels were significantly higher in MIS-C group. These results were statistically significant (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were high in both groups, and no significant statistical difference was detected between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the length of hospitalization and mortality, but steroid use was significantly higher in the MIS-C group (p = 0.000).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study has demonstrated the similarities and differences between MIS-C and KD regarding clinical findings, organ involvement, and laboratory and imaging results. The results of our study have important implications in terms of contributing to the data in the existing literature on these two diseases and for the correct diagnosis and better management of pediatric patients presenting with these disorders.What is knownMultisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a newly described disease manifestation in children associated with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be easily confused with Kawasaki disease with its clinical and laboratory findings.What is newAlthough MIS-C and KD have many similarities, their symptoms, disease processes, possible complications, and treatment regimens may differ.

Attitudes of first and sixth year medical faculty students towards sexual assault victims: A cross-sectional study

Purpose: Sexual violence encompasses a range of coercive behaviors, from verbal harassment to forced penetration, and includes from social pressure and intimidation to the application of physical force. Sexual violence has numerous mental and physical health consequences on the individual. Although physicians recognize their crucial role in caring for sexual violence victims, various attitudes and behaviors hinder their fulfillment of these roles. In our study, the aim was to determine the attitudes of first and sixth-year medical faculty students towards sexual assault victims and the socio-demographic factors influencing these attitudes. Materials and methods: A total of 370 voluntary first- and sixth-year students enrolled in the 2021-2022 academic year at Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine were administered a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics, the "Social Attitudes Scale Towards Sexual Assault Victims," and questions assessing their knowledge of forensic medicine regarding sexual assault. Results: Our study found that 55.9% of the medical faculty students who participated were female, with an average age of 20.83±2.85 years. 56.5% were first-year students. 18.9% reported that they or someone close to them had been subjected to behavior considered as sexual assault. The average score of the participants in the Social Attitudes Scale towards Sexual Assault Victims was determined to be 95.29. It was statistically significant that women aged between 17-22 and those with a high monthly family income had higher average scores on the scale. It was found that 17.3% of the participants answered all six forensic medical questions correctly. The total scores of female students on the Social Attitudes Scale Towards Sexual Assault Victims and the scores of the behavior and thought sub-dimensions were found to be statistically significantly higher than those of male students. Conclusion: It was determined that participants generally held a positive attitude towards sexual assault victims. Factors contributing to this positive attitude included higher parental education levels, the influence of education received during medical school and preceding periods, and social environments.

New trends associated with disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis

Background/Aim: The severity and extent of ulcerative colitis (UC) guide us in determining the treatment method for each case. It has been suggested in the literature that high neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios can serve as markers of active ulcerative colitis. This study retrospectively analyzes the relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio with clinical activity indices and endoscopic activity indices in predicting disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis. There are few studies in the literature regarding the relationship between platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and disease activation in ulcerative colitis. This study contributes to the follow-up and outcomes of these patients, as there is a lack of sufficient retrospective studies on the platelet/lymphocyte ratio in patients diagnosed with UC in our country and worldwide. Methods: This study is a population-based, single-center, case-controlled study. It was conducted by retrospectively analyzing the hospital information system for data recorded during the routine diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis patients followed and treated at Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty Gastroenterology Division between January 2014 and December 2021. A total of 135 patients with ulcerative colitis were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups, active disease and disease in remission, based on clinical activity indices and endoscopic activity indices. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels were checked during routine follow-up of patients with ulcerative colitis. These values were recorded at the first presentation to the hospital and 3 months after treatment. Results: Laboratory values at presentation were compared with those at the third month of treatment in a group of 113 patients with UC in remission: NLR (5.529 (3.485) and 4.374 (2.335), [P<0.001]), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (26.81 (20.42) and 21.78 (19.32), [P=0.015]), C-reactive protein (4.087 (6.729) and 1.696 (3.525), [P<0.001]), and white blood cell count (9,864 (3,514) and 8,067 (1,927), [P<0.001]) were found to be lower than the baseline values. As expected, decreases in inflammatory markers were observed in patients in remission. In a group of 22 patients with active disease, values at presentation were compared with those at the third month of treatment: neutrophil count (8,508 (2,908) and 9,646 (3,265), [P=0.037]) and platelet count (289,591 (95,123) and 323,364 (127,647), [P=0.010]) were found to be high. Similarly, ESR (19.63 (15.43) and 27.89 (21.11), [P=0.036]) was found to be high. These values were higher in active disease compared to the time of admission. Conclusion: In our study, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios and platelet-lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in patients with active ulcerative colitis. The level of inflammatory markers in ulcerative colitis patients at the time of diagnosis and in the early stages of the disease is helpful in predicting the course of the disease, and this was shown to be related to clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory indices. These inflammatory markers can predict disease activity alone or in combination. However, a threshold value could not be calculated due to the insufficient number of patients, and thus, more comprehensive prospective studies are needed.

Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding skin cancer among health sciences students in Turkey: A cross-sectional study.

Healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding skin cancer are important for reducing the future impact of the disease. This study evaluated university students' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about skin cancer and examined the variables influencing their attitudes and beliefs about the disease. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Health Sciences at Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. A total of 960 students participated in this study. Data were collected using the Student Introduction Form, Fitzpatrick Skin Type Scale, Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge Scale (SCSKS), and Health Belief Model Scale for Skin Cancer (HBMSSC). The mean SCSKS score of the participants was 14.91 ±4.23. The mean HBSSC scores of the participants were 23.58±7.79 for perceived susceptibility, 14.79±4.59 for perceived severity, 20.64±6.60 for perceived benefits, 15.93±4.09 for perceived barriers, and 21.78±7.14 for self-efficacy. The mean SCSKS total scores of the university students were significantly and positively correlated with the HBMSSC subdimensions. Gender explained 1.58 of the variance in perceived benefits and 1.65 of the variance in self-efficacy, whereas the SCSKS score explained most other variables. The students' knowledge of skin cancer and sun protection was moderate. Their attitudes and beliefs regarding skin cancer were unexpected. This study identified students' knowledge of skin cancer and sun protection as the most important variables for improving their attitudes and beliefs about skin cancer.

Effect of intra-abdominal boric acid in the experimental adhesion model.

The continuous advancement in medical and surgical techniques has led to a rise in the frequency of abdominal operations, subsequently increasing the incidence of intra-abdominal adhesions. Over 90% of laparotomies result in postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. This study investigates the effect of a 5% boric acid solution on the development of intra-abdominal adhesions in rats, using an adhesion model. This study was conducted with two groups: a control group, in which the adhesion model was applied without any treatment, and a boric acid group, which was treated with a 5% boric acid solution. Each group comprised 16 rats. On the 14th postoperative day, the rats were sacrificed, re-explored, and the developed adhesions were evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically. The data from macroscopic and microscopic scoring were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test in the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics 24 program. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This research was supported by the Manisa Celal Bayar University Scientific Research Projects Commission. A statistically significant difference was observed between the boric acid-treated group and the control group, with the boric acid group showing a significant decrease in adhesion development both macroscopically and microscopically (p<0.05). In the future, boron could play a significant role in reducing and preventing intra-abdominal adhesions after surgery. This investigation could pave the way for further research into the mechanism by which boric acid prevents the development of intra-abdominal adhesions. Moreover, it is imperative to explore the potential side effects of intra-abdominal boron application at the optimum concentration of the solution.

Endocrinology Consultations Evaluated in the Emergency Department over the Last Five Years: A Single Center Experience

Purpose:&#x0D; The increasing trend of metabolic diseases causes endocrine emergencies to be encountered more frequently in emergency services. This trend increases the importance of endocrinology consultations from emergency services. Examining the features of these consultations will allow the process to be concluded more quickly and effectively.&#x0D; Materials and Method:&#x0D; Patients who applied to Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Emergency Department between March 1, 2017 and March 1, 2022, and were consulted with the Department of Endocrinology were included. The patients' age, gender, diagnoses, the day, the duration and the results of the consultations were evaluated.&#x0D; Results:&#x0D; The mean age of the 326 patients included in the study was 51.56 ± 19.4 years. 53.4% (n=174) were female, 46.6% (n=152) were male. Of the patients, 29.4% (n=96) were diagnosed as diabetic ketoacidosis, 21.5% (n=70) hyperglycemia, and 10.7% (n=35) diabetic ketosis. The mean consultation duration was 65.21 ± 46.23 minutes. 32.2% of the patients (n=105) were discharged from the emergency department. This was followed by endocrinology service admission (23.9%; n=78) and intensive care unit admission (17.8%; n=58).&#x0D; Conclusion:&#x0D; In the sample group with homogeneous gender and age distribution, it was observed that the majority of the patients applied to the emergency service with diabetes-related emergencies. The diagnosis spectrum of the patients was quite wide, and the consultations were concluded within an average of about one hour. A further investigation of the emergency department endocrinology consultations in detail will contribute to detecting the problems in this process and; therefore, its improvement.

Seasonal Trends and Interactions of Viral Pathogens in Children Presenting with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in the Advancing Periods of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Although various bacteria and viruses have been identified in the etiology of acute respiratory tract infections (ARI), 90% of acute ARIs that develop in children are of viral origin. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal trends and interactions between infectious agents and to determine the risk factors associated with ARI in children aged 1-15 years admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Manisa Celal Bayar University Hospital in the advancing periods of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. To determine the bacterial and viral agents, samples were taken from 314 patients attending to the hospital with symptoms suggestive for ARI, between 06/01/2021 and 05/31/2022. Viral and bacterial agents were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and automated identification system, respectively. Demographic data of the participants and possible risk factors for ARI were recorded in the questionnaires. In the study, viral agents were detected in 77.3% of the children, and the most common infectious agent was rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) (36.3%), followed by influenza viruses (11.2%), and SARS-CoV-2 (10.5%). While RV/EV positivity was found to be higher in children with moderate and below average (p< 0.001) hand hygiene, influenza positivity was found higher in those attending school/preschool institution (p< 0.001) and whose mothers working full-time (p< 0.001). Respiratory syncytial virus positivity was associated with maternal smoking (p= 0.013) and home overcrowding (p= 0.014). Bacterial colonization was detected in 33 (11.6%) of 284 children whose swabs were taken for both bacterial and viral agents and the most frequently detected agents were Staphylococcus aureus (60.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.2%). Having siblings (p= 0.008) and maternal smoking (p= 0.012) were found to be associated with the detection of bacterial agents. In this study, in the advanced period of the pandemic, the most detected agents and seasonal characteristics were found to be similar to the pre-pandemic period. It is thought that knowing the regional etiology and risk factors will contribute to taking the necessary local control and protective measures.

The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Prognosis in Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a commonly used therapeutic modality in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for the treatment of severe acute kidney injury, as well as for addressing metabolic abnormalities, fluid-electrolyte imbalances, and acid-base disorders. According to reports, therapeutic hypothermia treatment has demonstrated the ability to decrease cellular metabolism, oxygen consumption, formation of free radicals, cell death, and inflammatory signals. The study encompassed all individuals who underwent CRRT at both Manisa City Hospital and Manisa Celal Bayar University Hospital throughout the period from February 2021 to November 2022. A total of 14 patients who received CRRT were subjected to a warming procedure utilizing an external blanket and an external heater attached to the CRRT venous return line, resulting in the attainment of a body temperature exceeding 36°C. Therapeutic hypothermia was implemented on 12 patients to maintain their body temperature within the range of 32-35°C. The study population exhibited a median age of 24.5 months, with males comprising 61.5% of the sample. A therapeutic hypothermia treatment was administered to a cohort of 12 patients. The patients who had therapeutic hypothermia exhibited a significantly reduced vasoactive-inotropic score (p = 0.038). Patients who did not receive therapeutic hypothermia exhibited a prolonged need for mechanical ventilation (p = 0.020). The duration of stay in the PICU for patients who underwent therapeutic hypothermia was shown to be considerably shorter compared to those who did not receive therapeutic hypothermia (p = 0.047). The potential efficacy of moderate therapeutic hypothermia appears promising, particularly in the context of patients who are receiving CRRT for severe sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This is attributed to the anti-inflammatory properties and hypometabolic effects associated with this intervention. To the best of our current understanding, this study represents the initial investigation showcasing the effectiveness of combining therapeutic hypothermia with CRRT in the pediatric population.

Factors Predicting Response in Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy and the Role of Ki67 Labeling Index.

To determine the predictive value of Ki67 on pathological complete response (pCR) of breast and axilla regions in breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Departments of Medical Oncology, Sirnak State Hospital, Aydin State Hospital, Manisa Celal Bayar University, and Dokuz Eylul University, from November 2010 to July 2022. PCR and various histopathological parameters were evaluated for BC patients receiving NAT. The Youden Index method was used to find the cut-off value for the Ki67 variable according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. This value was obtained as 77.5. Breast and axillary responses were individually evaluated to assess response to NAT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to predict both breast and axillary pCR. A total number of 280 females receiving NAT for BC were included in the study. Multivariate analysis for breast pCR to NAT showed that Ki67 index (>77.5 vs <77.5, p=0.047) was statistically significant marker. While Ki67 index was significant for breast pCR in both univariate and multivariate analyses, the same was not observed on axillary response (p=0.387). High Ki67 level was significantly associated with breast pCR in BC patients receiving NAT, but a similar effect was not observed on axillary pCR. These findings suggest that breast and axilla tissues have a biological differences in treatment responses. Axillary response, Breast cancer, Ki67 Labeling Index, Neoadjuvant therapy, pathological complete response.

Investigation of Leishmania RNA Virus 2 in Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica Strains Isolated from Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients in Türkiye

Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus that is thought to contribute to the severe inflammatory response of the causative Leishmania parasite in the mammalian host by being present in many isolates of Leishmania spp. In our study, it was aimed to obtain data on the presence of Leishmania RNA Virus 2 (LRV2), which is thought to cause a change in the clinical course of leishmaniasis, in Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica isolates isolated from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients in Türkiye. Leishmania strains stored in liquid nitrogen tank by cryopreservation in Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine Parasite Bank were resuscitated under suitable conditions and cultivated in NNN and RPMI-1640 media. Then, the isolates were allowed to enter the logarithmic phase in a 26ºC incubator and DNA isolations were made using the "High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit". Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Rt-PCR) melting analyzes were applied to the DNAs obtained by using primers and probes specific to the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) gene region of Leishmania. After RNA isolation from promastigote suspension, cDNA synthesis was performed by reverse transcription. After gel electrophoresis with PCR amplification products, dsRNA band formation was evaluated in terms of LRV2 positivity under ultraviolet light. Among the 20 examined Leishmania spp. isolates (10 L.tropica and 10 L.major), four (three L.tropica, one L.major) were found to be positive for the presence of LRV2. Although the mechanism of LRV in recent studies has not been fully understood, it is known that it exacerbates the clinic of the disease and even has an effect on the formation of drug resistance by the parasite. It is important to obtain data on the presence of LRV in our country and to contribute to various clinical, drug development, prevalence studies, diagnosis and treatment of the disease in the future.

ÇOCUKLARDA HELİKOBAKTER PYLORİ ENFEKSİYONU İLE PLAZMA 25 HİDROKSİ VİTAMİN D3 DÜZEYİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

OBJECTIVE: The severity of the Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection and the presence H.pylori related diseases are affected by host, bacterial and environmental factors. In this study it is aimed to show relationship between H.pylori infection and plasma Vitamin D3 (vitD3) has significant role in regulation inflamatory response in children with H.pylori infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred one patients aged between 3-18 years, referred to pediatric gastroentrology department of Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty between March 2010 to March 2011 and performed upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of gastrointestinal symptoms and iron deficiency anemia refractory to medical therapy were enrolled in this study. Histopathologic diagnosis of biopsy speciments of the patients were evaluated. There were 98 patients in H.pylori positive group and 103 patients in H.pylori negative group. Plasma level of vitD3 of H.pylori positive and H.pylori negative cases were compared. Relationship between gastric mucosal activity the degree of inflammation severity and vitD3 level were evaluated in the H.pylori positive group. RESULTS: Vitamin D3 levels were low in 80 (81.6%) H.pylori positive patients and in 76 (73%) H.pylori negative patients. This difference was not statistically significant (p&amp;gt;0.05). The mean value of plasma level of vitD3 H.pylori positive and negative groups were 15.64±8.9 ng/mL and 16.36±11.35 ng/mL respectively. The difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p&amp;gt;0.05). When patients in H.pylori positive and negative groups were classified according to plasma vitD3 level in four different groups as severe deficiency, deficiency, insuficiency and sufficiency. Vitamin D3 severe deficiency in H.pylori positive group was statistically more frequent than H.pylori negative group (p&amp;lt;0.05). Severity of chronic inflamation and tissue H.pylori activity increased inversely with the mean vitD3 level in both groups (p&amp;lt;0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggests that vitD3 deficiency is common in children in our region. Vitamin D3 deficiency is risk factor for H.pylori infection. The findings of this study shows vitD3 increasing antibacterial effect and reducing the severity of inflammation in H.pylori infection.

The Relationship between University Students' Perception of Boredom in Leisure Time and Internet Addiction during Social Isolation Process

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between university students' perception of leisure time boredom and internet addiction levels during the social isolation process and to compare them in terms of various demographic variables. &#x0D; Method: The universe of research exists students who continue their education at Manisa Celal Bayar University. The sample group consists of a total of 503 volunteers, 296 females and 207 males selected by convenience sampling method. Additionally the personal information form, the "Young Internet Addiction Test-Short Form" (YIAT-SF) and the "Leisure Boredom Scale" (LBS) were applied to the participants. &#x0D; Results: University students had average scores for YIAT-SF (2.67±0.88), boredom (2.66±1.11) and dissatisfaction (2.50±0.97). In addition, there was a positive and significant relationship between YIAT-SF and LBS’s subscales, while the level of boredom significantly affected internet addiction and it was found to predict with a variance of 41%. &#x0D; Conclusion: The perception of boredom in leisure significantly affects the internet addiction levels of individuals. As the perception of boredom in leisure increases in the social isolation process of university students, the level of internet addiction also increases.

The investigation of feeling stuckness and smartphone addiction in sport sciences students (gender difference approach)

The aim of this study is to examine the feeling of being stuck and phone addiction levels of student participants in Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Sport Sciences. The study group of the research consists of 97 female and 193 male students from Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Sport Sciences. Personal information form prepared by the researcher, Smartphone Addiction scale and Feeling Stuck scale were used as data collection tools in the research.SPSS 25.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data. Independent T test was used for pairwise comparisons, one of the parametric tests for normally distributed values, and One Way Anova test was used for more than two encounters. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis was used. A significant difference was found in the comparison of smartphone addiction scores between genders (p&amp;lt;0.05). In addition, it was found that there was a positive and significant correlation between the participants' feelings of stuckness scores and their smartphone addiction scores (p=0.01). According to the results, female students have a higher prevalence of smartphone addiction compared to males. Additionally, the study found that smartphone addiction exacerbates the feeling of being "stuck" often associated with depression.

The inflammatory prognostic index as a potential predictor of prognosis in metastatic gastric cancer

Clinical studies aimed at identifying effective and simple prognostic markers for gastric cancer are still being carried out. Inflammatory prognostic index (IPI) is being recognized as a promising prognostic marker in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. To evaluate the prognostic utility of IPI in stage 4 gastric cancer. A total of 152 patients with stage 4 gastric cancer, whose laboratory parameters, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) data could be accessed, were evaluated. Kaplan Meier analysis was used for survival analyses. Hazard ratios were expressed with 95% CI values. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Study was approved by the Manisa Celal Bayar University’s Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval No. E-85252386-050.04.04-49119, date: 22.03.2021). We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with relevant named guidelines and regulations. Median age at diagnosis was 63 years (range: 32–88). The number of patients who received first-line chemotherapy was 129 (84.9%). Median PFS with first-line treatment was 5.3 months, while it was 3.3 months with second-line treatment. Median OS was 9.4 months. Median IPI score was 22.2. We evaluated IPI score for its value in detecting survival status with ROC analysis and identified an IPI cut-off score of 14.6. Low IPI score was significantly associated with longer PFS and OS compared to high IPI (PFS in high vs. low IPI, 3.6 vs. 7 months; p < 0.001) (OS in high vs. low IPI, 6.6 vs. 14.2 months; p < 0.001). IPI score can be an independent prognostic index that is inexpensive, easy to access and evaluate for patients with metastatic gastric cancer, and may be useful in predicting survival in daily practice.

Autochthonous Case of Malaria Prediagnosed as Leukemia

Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. There are five species of Plasmodium species that can infect humans. Of these species, especially P.falciparum and P.vivax pose the greatest threat to human health. In the 2014 report of the World Health Organization, it was reported that there were no locally acquired cases of malaria in 16 countries including Türkiye. Malaria cases originating from outside the country and imported due to migration, travel and working abroad are reported as import cases. In this report, a case of non-imported malaria followed with a preliminary diagnosis of leukemia was presented. A 14-year-old female patient who was admitted to a health institution with complaints of high fever, headache, chills, nausea-vomiting, and diarrhea that had been going on for two weeks, was pre-diagnosed as leukemia and was referred to Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Hafsa Sultan Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hematology and after pancytopenia was detected in the complete blood count. The anamnesis of the patient revealed that she had no history of international travel and that she had been prescribed medications such as paracetamol, amoxicillin, and metoclopramide for flu-like complaints while working in the Southeastern Anatolia, Aegean, and Mediterranean Regions of Türkiye. Bone marrow aspiration was performed for the etiological examination of pancytopenia. Giemsa-stained blood smears, rapid diagnostics, and real-time quantative polymerase chain reaction (qRt-PCR) analyses were performed in the medical parasitology laboratory and malaria was suspected in both bone marrow and peripheral blood smears. P.vivax erythrocytic forms and gametocytes were present in abundance in smear preparations stained with Giemsa, and rapid diagnosis kit was positive for P.vivax. The strain was genotyped as P.vivax by qRt-PCR analysis. For the treatment of the patient, airalam (artemether + lumefantrine) tablets were provided with 2 x 4 daily posology for three days after the diagnosis, and primaquine was provided after one week of the diagnosis as 1 x 2 tablets (1 x 15 mg) for 14 days, and the patient was discharged without complications following the treatment regimen. The fight against malaria continues uninterruptedly since the establishment of the Republic of Türkiye. Tropical diseases, especially malaria, is of great importance for Türkiye due to numerous reasons such as its location in the subtropical region where Anopheles mosquitoes are capable of malaria transmission, it is situated at the crossroads on the migration routes between continents where human traffic is busy, there are many people who go abroad for work and most importantly rising temperatures due to climate change. For this reason, this case report is important to emphasize the importance of malaria for the country and to increase the awareness of clinicians and laboratories about malaria and the possibility of autochthonous malaria transmission in Türkiye.

Efficacy of Homologous and Heterologous Vaccine Applications on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Cohort of Manisa Celal Bayar University Healthcare Workers

This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of homologous (only CoronaVac or only Pfizer-BioNTech) and heterologous (CoronaVac and Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccines during the period when the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant was dominant in Türkiye. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-2019) infection was confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and data on vaccination status against COVID-19 were evaluated during the period of 15 January 2022-1 May 2022 when the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was dominant among 1854 employees followed in the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Cohort of Manisa Celal Bayar University (MCBU) Hospital Health Workers. Two separate reference groups were used in the evaluation of vaccine efficacy: those who were never vaccinated and those who received only two doses of CoronaVac. The efficacy of homologous and heterologous vaccine models was evaluated with relative risks and attributable risk percentages. MS Excel, SPSS 23.0 and STATA 14.1 package programs were used for statistical analysis. The mean age of the participants was 36.6 ± 10.0. During the period from January 15th to May 1st 2022, 372 hospital workers were infected with COVID-19. Taking the never vaccinated as the reference group, the most effective model was found to be only the three or more doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech primary vaccination model (85.8%, 95% CI= 40.7-96.6). Models consisting of a single dose of CoronaVac (6.5%, 95% CI= -56.3-44.2) or a single dose of Pfizer-BioNTech (17.7%, 95% CI= -30.2-48.0) booster dose administered after two doses of primary CoronaVac vaccination was not found to be effective against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. When only two doses of primary CoronaVac vaccination model was taken as the reference group, the model consisting of two doses CoronaVac followed by two Pfizer-BioNTech booster doses was effective as 38.4% (95% CI= 15.4-55.3), whereas three doses of Pfizer-BioNTech booster model was effective as 56.4% (95% CI= 33.9-71.3). To conclude, none of the models other than the homologous or heterologous vaccine models containing at least three doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine were effective compared to those unvaccinated. Compared with those who received only two doses of primary Coronavac, models with at least three doses of Pfizer-BioNTech reminder doses were more effective against the Omicron variant than other models.

Reliability and Validity of Turkish version of DSM-5 Substance Use Scale.

This study aims to evaluate the severity of substance use disorders according to the DSM-5 criteria and to show the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Substance Use Scale that improved to learn what kind of substances are used. In this study,54 in or out-patients who met the criteria for any substance use disorder according to DSM-5 and who are receiving treatment in Psychiatry Department of Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine and AMATEM department of Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mahzar Osman Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, were included. One hundred volunteers without any mental or physical disease were also recruited as the control group. Beside the DSM-5 Level 2 substance use scale, Addiction Profile İndex was used for concurrent validity. Internal consistency coefficient and item-total correlation analysis were performed for reliability analysis. ROC Analysis was used in the validity analysis. Mean age was 26.97±10.20 years in the study group and 39% of the sample (n=60) were female. 5.6% (n=3) of the patient group were female and 94.4% (n=51) were male. In the control group, 57% (n=57) were female and 43% (n=43) were male. Of the patients diagnosed with substance use disorder (n=54), 88.7% had opiate use disorder, 5.6% had polysubstance use disorder, 5.6% had other (unknown) substance (synthetic cannabinoid) use disorder and 1.8% of patients have cannabis use disorder. The internal consistency of the substance use scale was 0.80 and itemtotal correlation coefficients were between 0,196- 0,643 (p<0.0001). Coefficient of correlation analysis with API was calculated as r=0.806 (p<0.0001). The results showed that DSM-5 Substance Use Scale is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to measure the progress of different dimensions of alcohol and substance use.