CCl4-induced Stress Research Articles

Effect of spinach-derived glutathione against carbon tetrachloride-induced stress in rats

Background: Increased consumption of natural antioxidants found in vegetables and fruits has been linked to a lower risk of disease caused by oxidative stress.Objective: The current study's focus was to compare the antioxidant properties of synthetic glutathione and glutathione derived from spinach against CCl4-induced stress in female albino rats. Materials and Methods: Cold chloroform extraction was used to prepare the spinach leaf extract. Glutathione was then extracted from the spinach leaf extract using preparative HPLC afterward when the concentration of glutathione was measured in the extract. Biological preventive and therapeutic experiments were conducted, where laboratory rats were divided into 6 groups, the first group G1 (positive control group), the second group G2 (negative control group), the third group G3 preventive experiment 1 (group glutathione extracted from spinach + CCl4), the fourth group G4 therapeutic experiment 1 (Group CCl4+ Glutathione extracted from spinach), the fifth group G5 Preventive experiment 2 (Group of synthetic glutathione + CCl4), the sixth group G6 therapeutic experiment 2 (Group CCl4+ Glutathione extracted from spinach). Results: Treatment of rats with spinach-derived synthetic glutathione, before or after they were given CCl4 subcutaneous, improved the values of parameters near to normal levels in the positive control animals in groups treated with spinach-derived glutathione (G3 and G4) compared to treatment with synthetic glutathione (G5 and G6). Administration of milk with glutathione derived from Iraqi spinach leaves exhibited favorable effects on oxidative stress, greatly enhanced the antioxidant system, and protected rats from liver damage brought on by carbon tetrachloride compared to milk with synthetic glutathione. Keywords: Iraqi spinach, Functional food, Natural antioxidant, Oxidative stress, synthetic glutathione.

Дія L-глутамінової кислоти та N-ацетилцистеїну на імунологічні та гематологічні показники за дії CCL4-індукованого стресу у щурів

Дія L-глутамінової кислоти та N-ацетилцистеїну на імунологічні та гематологічні показники за дії CCL4-індукованого стресу у щурів

Protective effects of Mentha piperita L. leaf essential oil against CCl4 induced hepatic oxidative damage and renal failure in rats

BackgroundMentha piperita L. is a flowering plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Mentha plants constitute one of the main valuable sources of essential oil used in foods and for medicinal purposes.MethodsThe present study aimed to investigate the composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of Mentha piperita leaf essential oil (MpEO). A single dose of CCl4 was used to induce oxidative stress in rats, which was demonstrated by a significant rise of serum enzyme markers. MpEO was administrated for 7 consecutive days (5, 15, 40 mg/kg body weight) to Wistar rats prior to CCl4 treatment and the effects on serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and γ -glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) levels, as well as the liver and kidney superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were evaluated. In addition, histopathological examinations of livers and kidneys was performed.ResultsThe in vitro antioxidant activity of MpEO was lower than that of silymarin. Pretreatment of animals with MpEO at a dose of 5 mg/kg did not have a significant effect on ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, γGT, urea or creatinine levels in CCl4-induced stress. Whereas pretreatment with MpEO at doses of 15 and 40 mg/kg prior to CCl4, significantly reduced stress parameters (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, γGT, urea and creatinine) compared to the CCl4-only group. Moreover, a significant reduction in hepatic and kidney lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and an increase in antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx was also observed after treatment with MpEO (40 mg/kg) compared to CCl4-treated rats. Furthermore, pretreatment with MpEO at 40 mg/kg can also markedly ameliorate the histopathological hepatic and kidney lesions induced by administration of CCl4.ConclusionsWe could demonstrate with this study that MpEO protects liver and kidney from CCl4-induced oxidative stress and thus substantiate the beneficial effects attributed traditionally to this plant.