Cause Of Inclusion Research Articles

A Study of the Readiness of Higher Education Institutions in Delhi for Inclusion of Transgender in Education

This descriptive study was an attempt to examine the preparedness of higher education institutions in the National Capital Region with respect to inclusion of Transgender in Higher Education .Data was collected using rating scales and questionnaire from two important stakeholders including students and faculty to find the facilities available to support inclusion of transgender as well as gauge their attitudes towards the inclusion of transgender in Education. The study documented the experiences of transgender studying in higher education institutions in order to find the ground reality of nature and extent of their inclusion and the challenges faced by them .This study has thrown light on the facilities that need to be instituted in order to pave the way for inclusion of the transgender in education .It has also created an understanding of the awareness and sensitisation programmes that are needed to sensitise the different stakeholders towards contributing positively towards their inclusion in education .The conclusion drawn from the findings of the study shall help in feeding policy guidelines for higher education institutions in India with respect to supporting the cause of inclusion of transgender in Higher Education.

Exploring Interest Factor in Mathematics Teaching Learning in Engineering Education

Mathematics Education is considered to be non–avoidable and away from real life situation for practicing Outcome Based Education (OBE). Mere completion of steps either by mugging up or just following up like standard, had left mathematics education to least interesting. Due to this students drop outs are high and failing to the effectiveness of inclusion of mathematics in engineering education. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore and create SOP (Standard Operating Procedure), the interest factor, necessary to drive the cause of inclusion of mathematics in professional education. This research work is useful to reflect in professional competency in their respective domain.

Internal Cracks and Non-Metallic Inclusions as Root Causes of Casting Failure in Sugar Mill Roller Shafts.

The sugar mill roller shaft is one of the critical parts of the sugar industry. It requires careful manufacturing and testing in order to meet the stringent specification when it is used for applications under continuous fatigue and wear environments. For heavy industry, the manufacturing of such heavy parts (>600 mm diameter) is a challenge, owing to ease of occurrence of surface/subsurface cracks and inclusions that lead to the rejection of the final product. Therefore, the identification and continuous reduction of defects are inevitable tasks. If the defect activity is controlled, this offers the possibility to extend the component (sugar mill roller) life cycle and resistance to failure. The current study aims to explore the benefits of using ultrasonic testing (UT) to avoid the rejection of the shaft in heavy industry. This study performed a rigorous evaluation of defects through destructive and nondestructive quality checks in order to detect the causes and effects of rejection. The results gathered in this study depict macro-surface cracks and sub-surface microcracks. The results also found alumina and oxide type non-metallic inclusions, which led to surface/subsurface cracks and ultimately the rejection of the mill roller shaft. A root cause analysis (RCA) approach highlighted the refractory lining, the hot-top of the furnace and the ladle as significant causes of inclusions. The low-quality flux and refractory lining material of the furnace and the hot-top, which were possible causes of rejection, were replaced by standard materials with better quality, applied by their standardized procedure, to prevent this problem in future production. The feedback statistics, evaluated over more than one year, indicated that the rejection rate was reduced for defective production by up to 7.6%.

Diagnostic tools in the assessment of an impacted canine caused by an odontoma

Background: The odontoma is frequently the cause of dental inclusion through a mechanism of spatial competition.The aim of the present workis to propose a diagnostic procedure in the evaluation of an impacted canine caused by an odontoma.This diagnostic procedure has been applied to a clinical case: the inclusion of an upper canine, caused by an oversized Compound Odontoma.Methods: The first diagnostic tool is the clinical evaluation.The patient, 22 years old, showed persistence in the arch of the deciduous element5.3; the inclusion of the permanent element 1.3 was suspected. The second step is the X-ray examination. The OrthoPanTomography (OPT),performed as radiographic analysis of 1st level; highlighted the inclusion of the element 1.3 and an area of multifocal radiopacity in contiguity tohis crown and allowed to identify the probable cause of inclusion of canine: an oversized Compound Odontoma. The prognostic evaluation,according to the technique of Ericson and Kurol performed on OPT, allowed to define numerically the position of the impacted canine andoriented toward a single surgical act: removal of the impacted canine and the odontoma. A Cone-Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) of theupper jaw, performed as examination of 2nd level, and 3D reconstruction showed the presence of nine radiopaque denticular structures ofvarious sizes, allowed to analyze in detail the involved anatomical region and directed the clinician towards palatal surgical approach.Finally,an histological examination should be performed.Results: As result of this diagnostic process, a single surgical act was performed: removal of the deciduous canine, the impacted canine and theodontoma. The surgical act confirmed the excellent correspondence between the 3D digital reconstruction of the maxillary region and the realanatomical structure. The surgical findings of the odontoma confirmed all that was radiographically highlighted: 9 denticular structures withvariable size and shape. The postoperative CBCT confirmed the total removal of the lesion. Histological examination confirmed the diagnostichypothesis: denticles surrounded by fibrous tissue with structure similar to the follicular sac.Conclusions: The 3D reconstruction provides more realistic and friendly images, useful both in dentist-patient communication both in thechoice of the therapeutic approach. Keywords:; ; ; ;; 3D reconstruction.

Diagnostic accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage samples in immunosuppressed patients with suspected pneumonia: Analysis of a protocol

Fast and accurate etiologic diagnosis of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients is essential for a good outcome. Utility of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples has already been established, but studies about them are scarce and limited to few countries. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a diagnostic protocol, emphasizing on local epidemiology, rapidity, and yield of different techniques. One year prospective study of 101 consecutive immunosuppressed patients admitted with suspected pneumonia to a university hospital. They all had bronchoscopic BAL (n=109) and respiratory sampling. Conventional microbiological studies, cytomegalovirus pp65 antigenemia and transbronchial biopsy (TBB), whenever considered pertinent, were done. Results were analyzed along with other diagnostic procedures, clinical course and final outcome. HIV/AIDS infection was the most frequent cause of inclusion (n=80). Infections accounted for 79 out of 122 final diagnoses (64.8%). Our protocol identified 60 infectious and 3 noninfectious pathologies (general yield: 51.6%). Sensitivity in pulmonary infections was 75.9% (IC95%: 64.8-84.6%), specificity 86.0% (72.6-93.7%), positive predictive value 89.6% (79.1-95.3%), negative predictive value 69.4% (56.2-80.1%), accuracy 79.8% (71.7-86.2%). Mycobacterium spp. (n=27), bacteria (n=19), Pneumocystis jirovecii (n=18) and other fungi (histoplasmosis: 6, aspergillosis: 5, cryptococosis: 3) were the most common infectious pathogens. Direct microscopy allowed an early definite/presumptive diagnosis in 36/49 fungal and mycobacterial infections (73.5%). Up to 30% of mycobacterial infections were missed. Systematical study of BAL samples has a high diagnostic yield in our immunocompromised patients with suspected pneumonia. As economical and epidemiological conditions of regions are different, it should be tried everywhere.