Cauliflower Shape Research Articles

Left atrial appendage anatomy: clinical implications for cardiac procedures.

The Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) is the most common source of thrombi during atrial fibrillation (AF) leading to stroke. With the increasing prevalence of AF and the growing number of patients requiring LAA involved interventions like exclusion and ablation, understanding LAA's anatomical intricacies becomes paramount importance. This study aims to provide anatomical data regarding LAA in relation to these procedures. Total 50 formalin-fixed cadaveric hearts were examined and various morphological and morphometric parameters were noted. The Cauliflower shape LAA (36%) was most common followed by Chicken Wing (34%), Cactus (18%), and Windsock (12%) shapes. The LAA orifice had greater horizontal diameter compared to the vertical diameter and was oval in shape in 64% cases. Diverticular structures called divots/ pits were present surrounding the LAA orifice in 36% cases with high variation in number, size, and distance from orifice. They were most commonly present towards the septal side and posterior wall side around the LAA orifice. The circumflex artery was the closest structure to LAA orifice with less than 5mm distance in 76% cases. Other structures present close to the LAA were the Left Superior Pulmonary Vein and Mitral Valve. According to shape, the Non-Chicken Wing morphology of the LAA was associated with close running left circumflex artery, high OI (Ovality Index) of the orifice, and greater presence of divots. The LAA anatomy is complex with high amount of variability making it difficult to perform successful procedures. Given data can help clinicians in better planning and execution of cardiac interventions involving the LAA.

A promising perspective in improving corrosion and wear resistance of plain steel through electrodeposition of thick Ni–Mo–W ternary alloy

In this study, thick Ni–Mo–W ternary alloy coatings (∼24 μm) with 13–27 wt% Mo and 4–11 wt% W were electrodeposited from an alkaline citrate-ammonia bath using direct current. The effect of current density (20–100 mA/cm2) on the composition, current efficiency, morphology, structure, surface topography, tribological behavior, and corrosion resistance of coatings was investigated. The findings revealed an advantageous induced co-deposition of Mo in an electrolyte containing equimolar Mo and W ions. While increasing the current density decreased the Mo content of the coatings, they always had more Mo than W. Increasing the current density, according to SEM and AFM observations, changed the smooth and nodular morphology of Ni–Mo–W coatings to a relatively rough and cauliflower shape. The microhardness of the produced nanocrystalline solid solution coatings was 3.8–4.9 times higher than that of the plain carbon steel substrate. While the hardest coating (793 Hv) deposited at 100 mA/cm2 had the best wear resistance with a volume loss value of 0.04 mm3, it had the worst corrosion resistance among the coatings with icorr = 4.4 μA/cm2. The least hard coating (607 Hv), deposited at 40 mA/cm2, with the highest wear volume loss value of 0.11 mm3, however, was the most corrosion resistant sample with icorr = 1.9 μA/cm2.

Fabrication and characterization of Ni-TiO2 and Ni-V2O5 single-layer and double-layer coatings with the approach of improving the wear and corrosion properties

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the metallurgical behavior of Ni-TiO2 and Ni-V2O5 single-layer coatings and compare them with Ni-TiO2/Ni-V2O5 and Ni-V2O5/Ni-TiO2 double-layer coatings. The general attitude is the optimal choice of coatings in terms of wear and corrosion properties. The dimensions of TiO2 and V2O5 ceramic powders were 20 nm and 500 nm, respectively, and their morphology was also different. The presence of the submicron V2O5 particles was more than the TiO2 nanoparticles in the nickel matrix deposit. Also, with double layering the coatings (Ni-TiO2/Ni-V2O5 and Ni-V2O5/Ni-TiO2), the presence of ceramic particles in the upper layer had increased compared to the same single-layer coatings. Therefore, the increase in the hardness of the deposits was directly related to the percentage of ceramic powders in the coating. The surface morphology of the Ni-TiO2 layers was formed as a cauliflower shape while the Ni-V2O5 deposits had a smooth morphology. Increasing participation of TiO2 particles in the Ni-TiO2 layer had made the morphology rougher. Also, by applying the Ni-TiO2 layer under the Ni-V2O5 deposit, the surface morphology of the Ni-V2O5 layer became smooth, which can be due to the increase in the V2O5 content in this layer. The lowest amount of fluctuation appeared in the roughness profiles related to the Ni-V2O5 layers, and the large fluctuation range in the Ni-TiO2 layers was due to the smooth and cauliflower structure, respectively. The crystallite size in double-layer coatings was smaller than the single-layer coatings due to the higher nucleation and growth rate of nickel deposition in the nickel matrix upper layers. According to the presented results, the Ni-V2O5 and Ni-V2O5/Ni-TiO2 coatings were the most wear resistant coatings. Also, the Ni-V2O5/Ni-TiO2 and Ni-TiO2/Ni-V2O5 double-layer coatings were suitable candidates for corrosion resistance and to consider both properties, Ni-V2O5/Ni-TiO2 was very suitable. Hardness, surface morphology, roughness, preferred planar texture, and ceramics powder participation were important parameters in determining the wear and corrosion properties of coatings. Also, it seems that the effect of the double layering of nickel matrix deposits on the metallurgical properties was greater than the dimensions of the ceramic particles participating in the coating.

Left lateral decubitus computed tomography before catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Aim The study aimed to determine the efficacy of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for diagnosing left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus before catheter ablation with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position and, also, to evaluate the risk factors for thrombus formation.Material and methods This retrospective, cohort study included 101 patients with atrial fibrillation. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and left lateral decubitus CCTA. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed to confirm or exclude LAA thrombus. Patients with allergic reactions to iodinated contrast media, increased serum creatinine, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, and age<18 years were excluded. The CHA2‑DS2‑VASc and HAS-BLED scores were calculated for each patient.Results All LAA thrombi detected on CCTA were confirmed by TEE. Higher CHA2‑DS2‑VASc, HAS-BLED scores, enlarged LA, and the anteroposterior dimension of the left atrium were significantly associated with the presence of LAA thrombus. A LAA cauliflower shape was a predictor of thrombus. An increase of LAA volume by 1 ml increased the chances of LAA thrombus and cerebral ischemic infarct by 2 %. The growth of the LAA anteroposterior diameter by 1 cm increased the risk of LAA thrombus by 190 % and of cerebral infarct by 78 %. An increase in the CHA2DS2‑VASc score by 1 point increased the risk of thromboembolism and cerebral infarction by 12 %.Conclusions CCTA performed in the left lateral decubitus position of the patient is an optimal screening tool to detect or exclude LAA thrombus before catheter ablation because of atrial fibrillation. CCTA has predictive value for risk of thrombosis formation in LAA.

Electrosurgery on Giant Condyloma Acuminata

Giant Condyloma Acuminata (GCA) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. GCA lesions can growth up to 10 cm and form like a cauliflower shape. This infection can affect patient’s quality of life. The goal of therapy in GCA is to remove all skin lesions, which can be done by surgical treatment. Many modalities have been tested in GCA cases, one of which is electrosurgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of electrosurgery for GCA. A 43-year-old woman came with complaints of warts appeared in the genital area since 3 months before. Examination showed multiple papules with a verrucous surface, size around 7 cm in the labia majora, labia minor and perineum. The acetowhite examination and histopathology lead to the diagnosis of condyloma acuminata. Electrosurgery (electrodesication) to remove GCA lesions divided into 2 times. Post-operative evaluation, patient did not complain of pain and erythema, edema, and pus. Electrosurgery is a therapeutic modality that can be chosen in cases of GCA. Electrosurgery, like other surgical modalities, is capable of removing the entire lesion, but the advantages of electrosurgery include not injuring large areas, minimal bleeding and a lower recurrence rate when compared to other therapeutic modalities.

Cauliflower-shaped Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in an atmosphere with high environmental carbon dioxide concentration

ABSTRACT Commercial aspects, physiological properties, and nutritional characteristics of Pleurotus ostreatus grown under various environmental carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]e) conditions were assessed. As [CO2]e increased, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) in fruiting body increased, activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase were inhibited, and malondialdehyde and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) syntheses were reduced, leading to incomplete development of pilei and stipes, or even absence of pilei. Under high [CO2]e (≥1.00%), fruiting body of P. ostreatus was morphologically altered to assume cauliflower shape. This cultivation condition resulted in high total contents of crude protein, crude fiber, and amino acids, increased levels of umami- and sweet-tasting amino acids, and reduced levels of bitter-tasting amino acids, thus enhancing the flavor of the product. In conclusion, a novel “cauliflower-shaped” mushroom (P. ostreatus) was successfully cultivated at high (≥1.00%) environmental CO2 concentration. The product has a delicious taste and high nutritional value, is relatively easy to transport and store, and has excellent potential for commercial development.

Microstructure, ion adsorption and magnetic behavior of mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 ferrite nanoparticles.

Magnetic nanoparticles with capacity for surface functionalisation have potential applications in water purification and biomedicine. Here, a simple co-precipitation technique was used to synthesize mesoporous ferrite nanoparticles in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellular surfactant. The as-synthesized ferrite nanoparticles were calcined at 250 °C for 5, 10, 15, and 24 h to remove the surfactant and create a mesoporous structure. The prepared samples were characterised using a wide range of analytical techniques. Microscopical images showed that all uncalcined particles have cauliflower shape without porosity. However, after calcination, surface and deep pores were created on the synthesized nanoparticles. In addition, transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of calcined nanoparticles revealed a wormhole-like structure, which is typical for the mesoporous architectures. Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), the uncalcined and calcined samples exhibit pure Fe3O4 (magnetite) and γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) ferrite phases, respectively. The γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles demonstrated a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area with pore diameters smaller than 10 nm and a type IV isotherm similar to the mesopores. Hysteresis loops measured by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) showed the superparamagnetic nature for mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The first-order reversal curve (FORC) diagram revealed the formation of a mesoporous structure in calcined materials which reduces coercive distribution (Hc) and magnetostatic interaction (Hu) once compared to non-calcined samples. Mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were successfully employed as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions of Pb(ii) from an aqueous solution. The highest lead ion adsorption was observed in mesoporous γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles prepared with 3% CTAB.

Effect of Al2O3, ZnO and TiO2 Atomic Layer Deposition Grown Thin Films on the Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Sputtered Al-Zr Coating

The 316L stainless steels, often used in turbine blades for naval and marine applications, usually suffer from localized pitting corrosion after long exposure to chlorinated environments. The aluminum-zirconium coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering technique can be used to ensure cathodic protection for steels. In this work, we study the influence of atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3, ZnO, and TiO2 thin films on the structural, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of Al-Zr (4 at.% Zr) magnetron sputtered coatings. The morphology, preferred orientation growth, mechanical properties, wettability, and corrosion resistance were investigated. The change in the sputtered Al-Zr morphology is mainly due to the insertion of the ALD layer. The Al-Zr layer deposited on ZnO and TiO2 layers presented a distinctive morphology. The agglomerate particles of AlZr/Al2O3/AlZr, AlZr/ZnO/AlZr and AlZr/TiO2/AlZr coatings exhibited a cauliflower shape. For ALD/PVD coatings, the insertion of an ALD oxide layer promoted the intensity of the peaks corresponding to the (111) crystallographic orientation. The nanoindentation measurements confirmed the enhancement in the mechanical properties, where the hardness increased by about 75%. The ALD oxide layers promoted the hydrophobicity of the coatings. The electrochemical characterization in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution also confirmed the role of the ALD oxides layers in delaying the pitting corrosion of the Al-Zr coating by widening the passive region and enhancing the protective efficiency of the passive film.

Compact Cauliflower-Shaped Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications

A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed cauliflower-shaped antenna is presented and discussed in this paper. To extend the impedance bandwidth and to improve the impedance matching, fractal geometry having a cauliflower shape is introduced along the edges of the radiator. To validate the simulated results by experimental ones, a prototype of the designed antenna was fabricated on the RO-4350B substrate having a compact size of 0.3623λ0 × 0.41λ0 × 0.01524λ0 at 3 GHz. An Agilent 8722ES vector network was used for the reflection coefficient measurement revealing that the –10 dB bandwidth of the fabricated antenna offers an impedance bandwidth of 113% extending from 3.05 to 10.96 GHz. Besides, the antenna’s radiation patterns are measured in an anechoic chamber showing consistent radiation patterns characteristic over the entire working band. Furthermore, the proposed antenna has a peak gain of around 6 dBi and an average radiation efficiency almost over 90% across the entire operating band. Thus, the proposed antenna could be useful in many modern ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems.

Physical and chemical evolution of the largest monogenetic lava field in the Central Andes: El Negrillar Volcanic Field, Chile

El Negrillar volcanic field is one of the most voluminous monogenetic volcanic fields so far identified in the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ) of the Andes: its lava field comprises 84 eruptive phases from 35 small eruptive centers. The study of this volcanic field offers a unique opportunity to assess the volumetric, morphometric, rheological, and compositional evolution of the effusive activity in an entire monogenetic cluster; the great extent and exposure of these small eruptive centers is difficult to observe in other monogenetic volcanoes from the Central Volcanic Zone, as they normally appear as isolated vents or in small clusters (< 3 eruptive centers) with less associated eruptive phases. Our methodology utilizes GIS mapping tools to outline the different eruptive phases of El Negrillar to create a detailed lava flow map, allowing us to estimate the volume emitted by each eruptive center. This analysis was also possible through the paleoreconstruction of the buried lava flows, allowing the determination of the variation in the magma supply. This yielded a total bulk volume of ~7.6 km3 (6.8 km3 DRE, considering the low vesicle abundance of the eruptive products), which exceeds by more than one order of magnitude the volume emitted by other monogenetic centers from the Salar de Atacama region (e.g., El País lava flow, Tilocálar Norte, Tilocálar Sur, La Albondiga and Cerro Overo). We also determined the composition of the entire effusive activity of El Negrillar; andesitic magmas represent more than 46 vol% of the lava field. We identify three main clusters (i.e., Northern El Negrillar (NEN), Central El Negrillar (CEN), and Southern El Negrillar (SEN)), that revealed a compositional variation together with a change in the calculated morphometrical and rheological parameters, implying the existence of a local trend within the monogenetic lava field. The NEN cluster represents the most differentiated magmatism in the field, characterized by amphibole-rich lavas with almost absent olivine, and the highest crystallinity and vesicle content, which led to an effusive activity sustained for more than 3 years, with lava accumulation predominating over its transport, leading to the shortest and thickest flows of the field. The presence of “cauliflower shape bombs” in an early stage of one of its eruptive centers indicates that the NEN cluster may have been influenced by environmental factors leading to an early explosive episode during its activity. On the contrary, the SEN cluster represents the less differentiated magmatic activity of the field, characterized by olivine-rich lavas with almost absent amphibole, low crystallinity, and poor vesicles content, which along with a large magma supply led to effusive activity sustained for approximately two years where the lava flows achieved the longest distances in the field. The CEN cluster is compositionally closer to the SEN, but morphometrical and rheologically resembling to the NEN, suggesting that it represents an intermediate behavior between the other two clusters.

Study of the Effect of Laser Energy on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 NPs Prepared by PLAL Technique

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were produced in this work by laser ablation of a high purity titanium objective immersed in distilled water. Optical and structural properties of the obtained TiO2 NPs using a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength with different laser energy (80, 100, 120, 140, and 160) mJ at 100 pulses was studied. The produced TiO2 NPs were characterized employing UV-VIS Spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained TiO2NPs showed a decrease in transmittance in the region of the UV spectrum and an increase in the visible spectrum region. The estimated optical band gap of the TiO2NPs was 3.89eV, 3.8eV, and 3.70eV at 80, 120 and 160mJ laser energy, respectively. The as-produced TiO2NPs appear to be a Brookite crystalline phase with the preferential orientation along (200) direction. The scanning electron microscopy assays showed that the TiO2 NPs have a cauliflower shape. Results show that with increasing the energy of laser pulse, the size of nanoparticles was increased noticeably. Where the particle size and its morphology are affected by laser energy.

Effect of Ag doping on structural, morphological and optical properties of CdO nanostructured thin films

Pure CdO nanostructured thin films and Ag doped with 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 wt% doping concentrations were fabricated successfully on glass substrates with a cost-effective spin coating technique. The prepared films exhibit a cubic crystal structure oriented along (111) plane. The surface morphology of the pure CdO films shows a cauliflower shape structure, becomes granular, and compact at high Ag doping concentration. Raman spectra of the films reveal LO (longitudinal optical) and TO (transverse optical) vibration modes at 406.80 cm−1 and 566.54 cm−1. The absorption of the films significantly varies with Ag doping concentrations and as a result, the electronic structure of the films is tailored. Moreover, the optical band gaps vary in the range of 1.42–1.70 eV. In addition, the optical parameters n, k were studied in correlation with Ag doping concentrations. The obtained room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the prepared films show a broad peak at ∼350 nm. The third order nonlinear optical parameters of the films were also examined systematically.

Electromagnetic evaluation of radar absorbing materials based on conducting polypyrrole and organic–inorganic nanocomposite of polypyrrole/kaolinite

AbstractThis paper presents a study of radar absorbing materials (RAM), based on conducting polymer polypyrrole (PPy) and organic–inorganic nanocomposite of PPy filled with lamellar structure kaolinite clay (PPy/Kao) for X‐band frequency range application. PPy was obtained via a chemical synthesis using doping agent chloride acid, lauric acid, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The nanocomposites were produced via in situ polymerization, where the same experimental conditions were applied for PPy synthesis. The radar absorbing composite was obtained by mechanically mixing an epoxy resin matrix with the synthesized materials. The characterization was done using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analyses, and differential scanning calorimetry thermal analysis, and electromagnetic measurements. Kao in the nanocomposite was used to promote polymer anchoring, behaving as a host agent. SEM demonstrated that the synthesized nanocomposites produced growth morphology of interconnected nanoparticles in an almost spherical shape and mostly globular in a cauliflower shape, with homogeneous sizes and packaged structure. Results showed that the RAM obtained presented a good performance as an electromagnetic wave absorber, with thermal stability above 120°C and incident wave attenuation ranging from −10 to −33 dB (90%–99.9%) in the X‐band.

Three-zone model for Ti, Al co-doped ZnO films deposited by magnetron sputtering

Al-doped ZnO is well known as an alternative Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) to Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Recently, co-doped ZnO with Ti and Al (TAZO) have been explored to improve the conductivity while maintaining moisture durability and opto-electronic properties. In this context, the structural, morphological, and optical properties of TAZO films deposited by reactive magnetron are investigated by experiments and Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations. The results show that TiO2 units substitute Zn atoms in the ZnO wurtzite structure and, whatever the concentration of Ti, the formation of Al2O3 is taking place. In addition, a three-regime model as a function of Ti content is proposed to explain the evolution of the properties. First, for Ti content 〈 2.2 at%, TiO2 is incorporated by substitution of Zn by TiO2 units in the ZnO network leading to a more oxidized Zn state and a hybridization between Zn4s and Ti3d orbitals. This opens the bandgap and increases the compressive stress of TAZO films. Between 2.2 at% and 7.0 at% of Ti content, cauliflower shape grains appear due to the compressive stress induced by small clusters of TiO2. For Ti content 〉 7.0 at%, amorphous TAZO films are observed and are composed of TiO2, Al2O3 and ZnO.

Effect of diffusion constant on the morphology of dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries.

Lithium dendrites can lead to a short circuit and battery failure, and developing strategies for their suppression is of considerable importance. In this work, we study the growth of dendrites in a simple model system where the solvent is a continuum and the lithium ions are hard spheres that can deposit by sticking to existing spheres or the electrode surface. Using stochastic dynamics simulations, we investigate the effect of applied voltage and diffusion constant on the growth of dendrites. We find that the diffusion constant is the most significant factor, and the inhomogeneity of the electric field does not play a significant role. The growth is most pronounced when the applied voltage and diffusion constant are both low. We observe a structural change from broccoli to cauliflower shape as the diffusion constant is increased. The simulations suggest that a control of electrolyte parameters that impact lithium diffusion might be an attractive route to controlling dendrite growth.

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in waste water and enzymatic inhibition study using cauliflower shaped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a novel One-pot green synthesis method

The ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are considered to be one of the inexpensive and very important bioactive materials widely used in drug delivery, as a photo-catalyst material, antibacterial, bioimaging, anticancer, anti-inflammation, wound healing, and diabetes treatment. Therefore, we have prepared ZnO NPs using Alchemilla vulgaris (Lady’s mantle) leaves and investigated their anti-enzymatic properties. Phases of the ZnO NPs were determined from X-Ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The shape and size of the green synthesized NPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and it confirms the cauliflower shape with an average size of 120 nm. But the beads inside the cauliflower shape are 20 nm in size. The prepared ZnO NPs show the cumulative median particle size of 550 nm. The thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were performed at different heating rates to study the percentage of weight loss, and activation energy. The activation energy was calculated to be 4.98 kJ/moles using Kissinger method. We also studied the enzyme inhibition effect of ZnO NPs containing biologically active groups on important metabolic enzymes like butyrylcholinesterase(BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glycosidase (α-Gly) enzymes. The bandgap of ZnO NPs was also studied by UV–Vis spectroscopy via Tauc's method and it was determined to be 3.27 eV. The photocatalytic property of the ZnO NPs was executed against rhodamine B (RhB) under the illumination of an AM 1.5 solar simulator.

Impact of left atrial appendage morphology on the silent cerebral infarction after cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation

Abstract Aims Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is effective for atrial fibrillation (AF), however acute silent cerebral infarction (SCI) is not uncommon after CBA. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the morphology of LAA and SCI. Methods and results From 2015 to 2019, 207 consecutive patients (65.1±11.4 years, 26.6% of female, 31.4% of persistent AF) who underwent CBA for AF at our hospital were enrolled. All patients were evaluated with computed tomography for LAA before CBA and divided into two groups as chicken wing (CW) group and non-CW group. SCI was evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging at the following day after CBA. As a result, 18.4% of patients have occurred SCI after CBA. Although the patients' background didn't differ between the two groups, the Hounsfield scale (LAA/Aorta ratio) was lower (non-CW vs. CW = 0.68±0.12 vs. 0.73±0.11, p=0.004), and LAA orifice size tended to be larger (16.9±4.6 vs. 15.8±4.1, p=0.053) in non-CW group. SCI significantly occurred in non-CW group (29.5% vs. 11.6%, p=0.003), especially in cauliflower shape of 45.0%. In multivariate analysis, non-CW (p=0.002, Odds ratio 3.2, 95% of CI 1.5–7.0), skipped DOAC before CBA (p=0.04, Odds ratio 6.1, 95% of CI 1.1–115.4), and touch-up ablation in left atrium (p=0.02, Odds ratio 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.5) were independent predictors of SCI. Conclusions SCI was not rare after CBA for AF. Morphology of LAA was strongly associated with SCI. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Appraisal of innovative phytosynthetic CdO NPs from leaf extract of Ocimum Sanctum and their bactericidal activity against different strains

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The phytosynthesis of n-type Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles reduces the toxicity of the substance and makes it Eco-friendly. This Eco-friendly biosynthesis of CdO NPs was synthesized for the first time from the Queen of herbs, Ocimum Sanctum (holy basil).The biosynthesized Cadmium oxide was prepared using Ocimum leaf extract as a reductant and Cadmium Chloride and hydroxide as cadmium and oxide source materials by Co- Precipitation method. Thus obtained Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM),Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS) to study the structural and morphological properties. XRD pattern exhibited the formation of face centered cubic structure of CdO NPs with an average crystalline size of 11.5nm .The chemical bond formation of CdO NPs were confirmed by FTIR spectrum in the range of (400-4000cm-1). The SEM micrographs revealed the predominant formation of Cauliflower shape with a particle size in the range of 61-142nm. The high purity of the biosynthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by EDS analysis. Further it was tested against gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains and showed significant antibacterial activity. This biosynthetic research study opens an innovative window to progress our understanding of how CdO NPs shows resistance to different bacterial strains.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

MOF-derived Co3O4 microspheres with pagoda cauliflower shape as anode materials for stable life Li-ion battery

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in the synthesis of metal oxides as important organic–inorganic compound precursors. A perovskite ABO3-type Co-based MOF [NH4][Co(HCOO)3] was synthesized from a simple mixture without any adjuvant. Porous Co3O4 microspheres are used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which are obtained from [NH4][Co(HCOO)3] as a precursor through a pyrolysis process in air. The obtained pagoda cauliflower-shaped Co3O4 microspheres exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance.

The effect of annealing and frequency of the external magnetic field on magnetic properties of nanostructured electrodeposit of the Ni86,0Fe9,8W1,3Cu2,9 alloy

A nanostructured powder of the Ni86,0Fe9,8W1,3Cu2,9 alloy is deposited on a titanium cathode by electrodeposition from the citrate bath, at the current density of 400 mA cm−2. The powder particles are of a cauliflower and dendritic shape and composed of nanocrystals of the FCC phase of the solid solution of iron, tungsten and copper in nickel, captive in an amorphous matrix. The freshly deposited powder is thermally stable up to 160 °C. The annealing of the powder in the temperature range from 160 °C to 460 °C results in its structure relaxation. At temperatures higher than 460 °C, the amorphous phase in the powder is crystalizing and crystal grains of the FCC solid solution are growing. The structural changes caused by annealing, affect magnetic properties of the alloy. The cooled powders after the structure relaxation have higher magnetization, a lower loss of the active power and a lower coercive field. Crystallization of the amorphous phase and crystalline grain growth of the FCC phase causes a decrease in magnetization, an increase in the power loss and the power of coercive field.