Transport Category Research Articles

Dynamics of peritoneal transport and cardiovascular outcomes of peritoneal dialysis treatment

BACKGROUND: Solute and water transport by peritoneal membrane has significant variation between patients; the function changes significantly over time. This affects treatment outcomes and requires individual approaches. AIM: To evaluate the influence of the baseline peritoneal transport state, its dynamics during peritoneal dialysis and the possibility of long-term outcomes modification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The dynamics of peritoneal transport of solutes (in peritoneal equilibrium test, PET) and water (in mini-PET) was evaluated in a prospective interventional open-label study with historical control among 96 unselected consecutive patients admitted in three dialysis centers with unified program of peritoneal membrane monitoring and protection. RESULTS: Compared to the matched standard arm, the increase in peritoneal solute transport was significantly slower (by 9.5%) in the observation group. Ultrafiltration in classical PET decreased more slowly (by 28%). At baseline ultrafiltration was satisfactory (the proportion of the patients with ultrafiltration less 400 ml was 7.6%); water transport by small pores did not decrease (−1.1 ± 5.9 ml/year), and the decrease in total ultrafiltration (by 32.1 ± 8.2 ml/year) was due to a decrease in free water transport (by 29.9 ± 7.6 ml/year). Negative dynamics of free water transport was associated with total glucose load and with monthly glucose load greater than 2.68 kg/month. More than one case of peritonitis was associated with a more rapid decline in free water transport. The comorbidity increased in 34 of 96 patients, with median first/last scores of 5 (4–6) and 6 (4–7) points; (Wilcoxon Z = −5.423; p 0.001). When analyzed separately by peritoneal transport category, a significant worsening of the comorbidity index was observed only for high average and high transporters (Z = −2.754, p = 0.006 and Z = −3.357, p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The interaction between peritoneal transport, primarily free water transport, and cardiovascular disease is certainly two-way: deterioration of water balance due to loss of effective ultrafiltration leads to volume overload and progression of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, cardiovascular disease contributes to peritoneal membrane damage. The most sensitive monitoring of interventions effectiveness in membrane protection and preventing cardiovascular disease progression is the separate measuring of water transport through small pores and ultrapores, which simultaneously reveals a feature of progressive peritoneal fibrosis, a potential precursor of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis.

Different gene expression patterns between mouse and human brain pericytes revealed by single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing

AimsPericytes in the brain play important roles for microvascular physiology and pathology and are affected in neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Mouse models are often utilized for pathophysiology studies of the role of pericytes in disease; however, the translatability is unclear as brain pericytes from mouse and human have not been systematically compared. In this study, we investigate the similarities and differences of brain pericyte gene expression between mouse and human. Our analysis provides a comprehensive resource for translational studies of brain pericytes. MethodsWe integrated and compared four mouse and human adult brain pericyte single-cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing datasets derived using two single-cell RNA sequencing platforms: Smart-seq and 10×. Gene expression abundance and specificity were analyzed. Pericyte-specific/enriched genes were assigned by comparison with endothelial cells present in the same datasets, and mouse and human pericyte transcriptomes were subsequently compared to identify species-specific genes. ResultsAn overall concordance between pericyte transcriptomes was found in both Smart-seq and 10× data. 206 orthologous genes were consistently differentially expressed between human and mouse from both platforms, 91 genes were specific/up-regulated in human and 115 in mouse. Gene ontology analysis revealed differences in transporter categories in mouse and human brain pericytes. Importantly, several genes implicated in human disease were expressed in human but not in mouse brain pericytes, including SLC6A1, CACNA2D3, and SLC20A2. ConclusionsThis study provides a systematic illustration of the similarities and differences between mouse and human adult brain pericytes.

The effect of stacking sequences on energy absorption in axial crushing of CFRP stanchions for the cargo floor structure of airplanes

One of the remaining challenges for advancing the wide application of composite materials is to further improve the mechanical properties of composites. The fiber/matrix damage phenomenon produced by the composite model under axial loading has been observed through the establishment of a numerical model of composite damage. Axial crush tests have been performed on C-type carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) stanchions for the cargo floor structure of transport category airplanes using a finite element approach. The failure morphology and crashworthiness parameters of the specimens with different fiber layups have been recorded, and the effects of fiber orientation and angle of entrapment on the crashworthiness of the composites have been investigated. The present study demonstrates that the crashworthiness of composites can be effectively improved by fiber orientation design. Appropriate addition of 45° layer and 90° layer can effectively improve the crashworthiness of C-type CFRP laminates, and the performance of the two-angle and spiral laminates design is improved by 26% and 19%, respectively.

Evolution and Trends in the Dynamics of Services in Romania: Impacts on the National Economy

This article aims to explore the evolution and current trends in the field of services in Romania, analyzing the factors that have influenced the dynamics of this sector and the impact on the national economy. The investigation and research stage of this project focuses on the following aspects: the definition of services, the etymology of the concept and their evolution in Romania. The various categories of services, namely education, tourism, transport, post and telecommunications and health will be examined to highlight their variety and importance in the national economy. A crucial aspect in understanding the dynamics of services in Romania is the identification of the factors that influenced the development of this sector. At the same time, government policy and relevant legislation in the field of services will be investigated, examining the measures taken to support the development and competitiveness of this sector. Another important aspect of the project consists in evaluating the impact of the dynamics of services on the Romanian economy. The contribution of the service sector to the national Gross Domestic Product, employment, exports and regional development will be analyzed. We will also explore the opportunities and challenges facing service businesses in Romania and examine issues related to innovation, digitization and service quality in the context of international competition. Keywords: development, population, Romania, services

Linking gastrointestinal tract structure, function, and gene expression signatures to growth variability in broilers: a novel interpretation for flock uniformity

Variation in body weight (BW) within broiler flocks is a significant challenge in poultry production. Investigating differences in gut-related parameters between low (LBW) and high BW (HBW) chicks may provide insights into the underlying causes of BW heterogeneity. 908 day-old male broiler chicks were reared until d 7 and then ranked into LBW and HBW groups. Thereafter, performance parameters were compared between BW groups periodically. On d 7, 14, and 38, visceral organ characteristics, intestinal permeability, and duodenal and ileal histomorphology were examined. Expression profiles were analyzed for 79 ileal genes related to gut barrier function, immune function, nutrient transport, gut hormones, nutrient receptors, metabolism, and oxidation using high-throughput qPCR. Student's t-tests were performed to compare measurements. Multivariate statistics, including partial least square regression (PLSR) analysis, were applied to identify combinations of key genes discriminating BW groups, offering predictive capability for phenotypic variations. The HBW group remained heavier at each timepoint, which could be explained by higher feed intake. The HBW group had shorter relative small intestine length but higher villus height and villi height/crypt depth ratios. The LBW group demonstrated increased intestinal permeability on d 38. The LBW group showed upregulation of immune response genes including TNF-α on d 7 and CYP450 on d 38, while the HBW group showed higher AHSA1 and HSPA4 expressions on d 7. The LBW group had upregulation of the metabolism genes mTOR and EIF4EBP1 on d 7 and the satiety-induced hormone cholecystokinin on d 14, while the HBW group tended to increase expression of the hunger hormone ghrelin on d 38. Genes related to gut barrier function, nutrient transport, and oxidation categories were consistently upregulated in the HBW group. PLSR models revealed 4, 12, and 11 sets of key genes highly predictive of BW phenotypes on d 7, 14, and 38, respectively. These findings suggest that growth rates are linked to the intestinal size, structure, and function of broiler chickens, offering insights into the underlying mechanisms regulating BW.

АНАЛІЗ КОНСТРУКТИВНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ХВОСТОВИХ БАЛОК ВЕРТОЛЬОТІВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

An analysis of the structural and technological features of the design of the tail beam of transport category helicopters was carried out. The main zones of probable fatigue failure of the tail girders were determined. Based on the analysis of the structural and technological features of the design of tail beams of transport category helicopters, the tail beam design of the physical model was developed. In the practice of world helicopter industry, single-screw helicopters, which are characterized by relative simplicity of design, control system and relatively low cost, have become the most widespread. The tail beam is the most complex part in the production of a helicopter. For a single-screw helicopter, the tail beam is a very critical part of the structure, the failure of which, in most cases, leads to an aviation incident. Ensuring strength requirements is an extremely important task; therefore it is regulated by mandatory airworthiness standards for designers, which are an integral part of the Aviation Rules. In these standards, the initial requirements for the calculation and experimental works to ensure strength are set, load conditions are established, and instructions are given for determining the magnitude of the loads. In the practice of helicopter construction, the experience accumulated in aircraft construction is used in the formation of structural and power schemes of frame units. The tail beam of helicopters is made according to beam, truss or mixed schemes. Optimization methods of compressed and stretched panels of frame units have a common criterion for aviation - the minimum weight of the structure while meeting the requirements of strength, rigidity, survivability, resource, manufacturability, operational efficiency, etc. The task of selecting a rational structural and force scheme of the tail beam is solved by indirect methods involving weight statistical data, parametric dependencies and information about the force schemes of previous structures. In most cases, the type of tail beam design is selected based on the requirements for the helicopter, operating conditions and production capabilities. The task is to find the best option within a given structural type. The helicopter tail beam is part of the structure of the helicopter, has the shape of a truncated cone and consists of a set of frames, stringers and skin. For ease of manufacturing, the tail beam has a longitudinal technological connector, which allows separate assembly of each half of the tail beam. The tail beam is connected to the central part of the fuselage by bolts that fasten the end power frames with the help of fittings at the ends of the stringers. The end part of the tail beam is connected to the keel, similar to the connection of the tail beam to the central part of the fuselage. The following are installed on the tail beam: stabilizers, rudder control rods, rudder drive system, intermediate and tail gear, navigation lights, assemblies and components of hydraulics and tail shaft. Modern transport helicopters are designed and manufactured with a specified resource and service life in mind, which range from 15,000 to 30,000 hours with a service life of 25-30 years. Increasing the fatigue life of the zones of structural irregularities of the tail beams of transport category helicopters is an urgent task, which is of great practical importance for ensuring the safety of flights during the operation of helicopters during the established resource, which in turn is an important indicator of the competitiveness of helicopters.

Analysis of systems for cooling liquid injection in turbine engine gas flow duct

The subject of this article is a system for cooling liquid injection in gas flow duct of aviation gas-turbine engine (GTE). The goal is to soften the acuteness of contradictions between economic and ecological requirements; ecological requirements and technological limitations; marketing and service life requirements, due to the application of a system for cooling liquid injection in gas flow duct of GTE. The tasks to be solved are: development of a classification, revealing the advantages and drawbacks of various technologies of systems for cooling liquid injection in the gas flow duct of GTE, analysis of the investigation methods used for cooling liquid injection systems, and analysis of the system application experience in various aircraft (A/C) and A/C projects. The methods used are: search of corresponding information sources on the Internet and analysis based on operational experience in the aviation branch. The following results were obtained: in terms of found information sources, classification of systems for cooling liquid injection in the gas flow duct of GTE has been developed; advantages and drawbacks of various cooling liquid injection technologies have been formulated; it was revealed that, three types of methods (experimental, computational fluid dynamic, and analytical) are used for cooling liquid injection system investigation; results of available research are briefly presented; application of cooling liquid injection systems in A/C with the purpose of extending the airplane flight envelop, increasing of aviation GTE thrust/power, and decreasing emissions of nitrogen oxides during takeoff have been analyzed. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: 1) information from numerous sources of literature that clarifies classification, advantages and drawbacks of various technologies of cooling liquid injection in the gas flow duct, development of these system investigations by various methods, and experience of these systems application both in real A/C, and in A/C projects were collected in the review article; 2) necessity in development of transport category A/C design methodology taking into account installation of the system for cooling liquid injection in the gas flow duct of GTE has been revealed. The goal and challenges of the following research in this field are outlined.

#2737 “The right choice for you.” How descriptions of treatment options in information resources may influence patient understanding and decision-making

Abstract Background and Aims For people over the age of 65 with comorbidities and/or poor performance status, and for patients over the age of 80, the choice between receiving conservative kidney management (CKM) or receiving dialysis can be complex, and involves weighing possible benefits, risks and effects on quality and length of life. Patients often rely on information resources from renal units, to support their decision-making. We describe how information resources present living with and dying of kidney disease in relation to CKM, haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, and consider implications for patients’ treatment decision making. Method Information resources were collected between June 2021 and January 2023 from four UK renal units with varying CKM treatment rates, as part of the OSCAR study (Optimising Staff-Patient Communication in Advanced Renal Disease). Physical and digital copies of information resources were collected from outpatient waiting areas, consultation rooms, and group patient education sessions. We included resources which focused on the treatment options of CKM, haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and transplant. Documents were categorised as: Direct Treatment Option Information Resources, focusing specifically on treatment options, either individually or in comparison (category A); Indirect Information Resources, focusing on broader contextual information related to treatment options, such as lifestyle, holiday and diet guidance, and the logistics of receiving treatment, e.g. transport (category B). Document analysis of the information resources was conducted, informed by critical discourse analysis. We examined how documents describe and explain living and dying with kidney failure in relation to treatment options, and how treatment options were placed in context, identifying themes, ‘frames’ and discourse. Results 72 resources were identified across the four renal units, with 46 documents included after deduplication and screening (Fig. 1). Analysis identified three global themes (see Table 1 for illustrative data extracts): Conclusion UK information resources typically present unbalanced explanations of dialysis and CKM, and equate CKM with death and dying. Despite the focus on patients’ “right” to choose a treatment option, it may therefore be challenging for a patient to choose CKM, even when this treatment choice is the best fit for their goals and values. Furthermore, for patients who choose dialysis, information resources often exclude important end-of-life information, limiting their opportunity to consider and participate in advance care planning.

Method of information technology for calculating the nodal loads in stress strain state analysis of the transport category aircraft wing model

Method of information technology for calculating the nodal loads in stress strain state analysis of the transport category aircraft wing model

Analyzing the Impact of Wing Flexural Axis Position on the Dynamics of a Very Flexible Airplane Using Strain-based Formulation

New technologies and the needs of specific missions have allowed and stimulated the development of airplanes with great structural flexibility. In these vehicles, there is a significant coupling between aeroelastic phenomena and flight dynamics. This has been a topic of research in recent years. Different methodologies have been studied to model the complete dynamics of flexible aircraft. One of these is the NFNS_s methodology (Non linear flight dynamics, non linear structural dynamics, strain based formulation). This article presents the use of this methodology in the analysis of the aeroelastic response and flight dynamics of a transport category aircraft with high structural flexibility. The effects of the wing elastic axis and the flexural axis positions were analyzed. Trimming, calculus of eigenvalues and time-marching simulations were carried out and the results were analyzed in detail. Some results were compared with those published in the literature. Similar trends were observed. This served as a qualitative validation of the methodology used. Some limitations of the study are described. The contributions of this work lie in the use of the NFNS_s methodology to analyze the effects of the elastic and flexural axis positions. In addition, the results of time marching simulations of the airplane modeled and the analysis carried out in great detail are other important novelty.

Vertical Profiles of PM2.5 and O3 Measured Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Their Relationships with Synoptic- and Local-Scale Air Movements

The vertical air pollutant concentrations and their relationships with synoptic- and local-scale air movement have been studied. This study measured the vertical profiles of PM2.5 and O3 using an unmanned aerial vehicle during summer in South Korea and analyzed the characteristics of the measured profiles. To understand the impact of synoptic air movements, we generated and categorized the 48 h air trajectories based on HYSPLIT, and we analyzed how the vertical profiles varied under different categories of long-range transport. We found that the vertical PM2.5 concentration has a positive gradient with altitude when more polluted air was transported from China or North Korea and has negative gradient when cleaner air was transported from the East Sea. Unlike PM2.5, the O3 concentration did not depend significantly on the long-range transport scenario because of the short photochemical lifetime of O3 during summer. For local-scale air movements, we found no significant impact of local wind on the measured profiles.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ МЕХАНІЗАЦІЇ КРИЛА ЛІТАКІВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

The paper analyses the methods of designing wing mechanisation for transport category aircraft. The wing layout with the placement of wing mechanisation means on the leading and trailing edges of the wing is analysed. Specific requirements for wing mechanisation units are considered. The analysis takes into account the requirements of aircraft operation, which provide easy access to inspect the mechanisation units and their attachment mechanisms. The need for constant monitoring of the synchronous operation of all mechanisation sections and ensuring their smooth movement is emphasised. The design of any type of mechanisation means involves the simultaneous solution of a number of development tasks: kinematic scheme, installation and control system, support structure and the device itself. In most cases, the drive mechanisms are also developed. The design of a new aircraft is a multi-stage iterative process that includes external design, development of a technical proposal, preliminary design, detailed design, production of prototypes, ground and flight tests, which determine the actual characteristics of the aircraft and the degree of its compliance with the technical specifications. Consider the advantages created by wing mechanisation equipment. The mechanisation of the AN-140 is considered as a representative of aircraft whose wings have trailing edge mechanisation but no leading edge mechanisation. The mechanisation of the AN-74 is also considered as a representative of aircraft that use two- or three-slotted retractable flaps, winglets or nose shields of large curvature over the entire wing span. The design technologies in integrated computer information systems are characterised, which allow to build a single process of computer modelling and engineering analysis and to conduct multivariate studies to select optimal design solutions in a sufficiently short time. A block diagram of the process of detailed design of flaps is proposed.

Совершенствование транспортных технологических процессов железнодорожной сети

Purpose: To increase the efficiency of the railway transport network through the mutually beneficial interaction of lines of various categories. Methods: Methods of control theory, system analysis, synthesis and mathematical modeling were used. Results: The tools for determining the optimal location of logistics centers using the center of gravity method have been improved by taking into account the criteria for minimizing transport costs, category, specialization and social significance of the line, as well as determining the weight values of the criteria using the hierarchy analysis method. Practical significance: The proposed tools allow you to determine the location of the logistics center at the intersection of intensive and lowintensity railway lines, taking into account the criteria for minimizing transport costs, the specialization of the line and the social significance of the lines for the regions under consideration.

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Commercial Interior Version 4 (LEED-CI v4) Gold-Certified Office Space Projects: A Pairwise Comparative Analysis between Three Mediterranean Countries

Over the past five years, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Commercial Interior version 4 (LEED-CI v4)-certified office projects have been intensively studied in the USA and China, but they have not yet been studied in the Mediterranean region. The purpose of this study was to explore office building certification strategies for LEED-CI v4-certified projects in the Mediterranean region. The study design included pairwise comparative analyses between Spain (number of projects (n) n1 = 14), Türkiye (n2 = 13), and Israel (n3 = 11). Cliff’s δ and exact Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests were used to process ordinal and discrete data, while the natural logarithm of the odds ratio and 2 × 2 Fisher’s exact tests were used to handle dichotomous data. It was found that Spain and Türkiye outperformed Israel in the Location and Transportation (LT) category due to their desire to reduce the use of private transport. Spain and Türkiye were ahead of Israel in the LTc5 “reduced parking footprint” credit (p = 0.008 and 0.0005, respectively). Israel outperformed Spain and Türkiye in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category due to the sum of all six EA credits (p = 0.086 and 0.010). Spain overtook Türkiye and Israel in the Materials and Resources (MRs) category due to Spain’s increased use of environmental product declarations. Spain and Türkiye were ahead of Israel in the following four MRs credits: MRc1 “long-term commitment” (p = 0.030), MRc2 “interiors life cycle impact reduction” (p = 0.037), MRc3 “building product disclosure and optimization—environmental product declarations” (p = 0.029), and MRc5 “building product disclosure and optimization—material ingredients” (p = 0.034). Spain, Türkiye, and Israel showed similarly low levels of achievement in the Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ) category (p ≥ 0.405). However, Spain and Türkiye outperformed Israel in the following two credits: EQc1 “enhanced indoor air quality strategies” and EQc2 “low-emitting materials” (p = 0.001 and 0.060, respectively). In parallel, Israel outperformed Türkiye in the EQc3 “construction indoor air quality management plan” (p = 0.026), and Israel outperformed Spain in the EQc8 “quality views” credit (p = 0.066). As a result, a pairwise comparison of the three Mediterranean countries showed that each country has a unique LEED certification strategy. Knowledge of the above green building strategies will be helpful for LEED professionals.

Disaster vulnerability from Winter Storm Benji with Twitter data

This study highlights how Winter Storm Benji played a significant role in human responses and displacements on the basis of a multitude of periods, geographic scales, and social vulnerability. This study collects Twitter data between November 20 and December 24, 2017 for Winter Storm Benji in the United States, which was one of the heaviest December storms on record in the southern United States. This study finds that tweets during the week of the winter storm were roughly four times higher than those in the pre‐winter storm week. Second, the southern United States significantly shows a higher proportion of tweets during the winter storm week. Third, US states show different displacements with other variables controlled. For example, Texas and Louisiana show less displacements than Florida. Fourth, vulnerable people responded differently to the natural disaster according to social vulnerability categories. For instance, vulnerable people in the housing type & transportation category are highly associated with the natural disaster event, whereas those in the socioeconomic status category are not related to it.

Моделювання процесу парашутування літака на злітно-посадкову смугу при його посадці

The landing of an aircraft is an unknown part of its flight, and at this stage, the highest number of accidents and even disasters are observed. It should be noted that the movement of the aircraft in its airspace, when it is under the influence of aerodynamic forces, gravity, and engine thrust, is quite accurately modeled by various authors and presented in printed sources. The peculiarities of the aircraft’s movement during air-to-ground landing, i.e., at the moment of parachuting directly onto the runway, are insufficiently studied. The influence of parachuting conditions on post-landing stability has barely been studied. The subject of study in this article is the modeling of the parachuting process under conditions of aircraft landing. The goal of this study is to develop and test mathematical and simulation models of the aircraft’s movement during its parachuting from the alignment zone to the runway and to ensure the stability of longitudinal movement at the moment of the first landing impact and subsequent movement. Tasks: analyze the characteristics of the landing distances of transport category aircraft; establish the features of the parasailing stage of the aircraft during landing; develop a parametric model of the aircraft in its parachute configuration; establish conditions for modeling shock-absorbing landing gear; and, based on general and simulation models, establish zones of longitudinal movement stability of the aircraft after the first landing. Based on the results of experimental studies, the proposed mathematical model of the aircraft in landing configuration and the simulation model of participation in the landing of shock-absorbing landing gear systems quite reliably (compared to experimental data) estimate the aircraft’s movement at the moment of its touchdown and subsequent roll. This means that mathematical modeling can avoid repeated bounces during landing, ensure stability of longitudinal aircraft movement, reduce the length of the unbraked roll, and decrease the required runway length during aircraft landing. Conclusions: By analyzing normalized landings, the six most characteristic stages in the landing distance of transport category aircraft have been identified. A method of mathematical modeling of aircraft movement during parachuting onto the runway, considering not only the glider’s characteristics but also the features of the landing gear shock-absorbing systems, allows evaluating the parameters of parachuting that ensure stability of longitudinal aircraft movement after the first impact on the landing gear. Using the example of the An-140 aircraft, it is demonstrated how the values of brake wheel stability parameters are ensured and how the parachuting speed affects the length of its landing distance.

Assessment of an effective quantitative model with multi-criteria decision-making method for sustainable campus.

Sustainability is a current topic in public open green spaces such as university campuses. In order to ensure the sustainability of the campus areas, it is necessary to determine the criteria for the sustainable campus landscape. Bursa Uludağ University Gorukle Campus in Bursa was chosen as the study area in this research. The aim of the study is to identify suitable sustainable campus criteria with a focus on landscape and to prioritize appropriate sustainable campus strategies determined according to these criteria. In this context, first, field studies and literature research were carried out. Second, sustainable campus criteria were classified as criteria and section. The section was then divided into credit. All these credits were ranked according to their priorities. Analytic hierarchy process, one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, was used while ranking. According to the result of the criteria, planting landscape components were determined to be more important than structural landscape components. Among the section, the transport category was found as the highest priority criterion. The use of vegetable wastes as compost was also determined as the most important criterion among all credits. The method and findings of this research may set an example for determining priorities of the sustainable campus criteria in Turkey and developing countries with a participatory management approach.

Impact of socioeconomic status on presentation, care quality and outcomes of patients attended by emergency medical services for dyspnoea: a population-based cohort study

BackgroundLow socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to poor outcomes in many conditions. It is unknown whether these disparities extend to individuals presenting with dyspnoea. We aimed to evaluate the...

SPORTS AVIATION IN THE WORLD AND YUGOSLAVIA AFTER SECOND WORLD WAR

After World War II, the accelerating demand for personal and utility aircraft gave rise to the term general aviation to describe all flying that did not fall into the category of military or scheduled air transport. Immediately before the liberation, the first aviation organization in Yugoslavia was formed in Zemun in 1944. In March 1945, the Air Force Command established the Gliding Center in Vršac, and in April classes for the first class of gliding teachers began. The first aero-clubs began to operate within the Commission for Technology and Sports, at the beginning of 1946 (later Narodna tehnika). The Aviation Association of Yugoslavia (Vazduhoplovni savez Jugoslavije – VSJ) was founded on April 25, 1948 in Belgrade. In 1950, he renewed his membership in the FAI, was unanimously accepted as a member at the 43rd general conference held in Stockholm.

МЕТОД ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ТА ПАРАМЕТРИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СИЛОВОЇ НЕРВЮРИ КРИЛА ЛІТАКА ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ КАТЕГОРІЇ

The creation of any structural element begins with the design of basic geometric parameters. In the article, the method of designing and determining the main elements of the structure of the main ribs of the wing with conditions of static strength were reviewed, and a method of three-dimensional parametric modeling was developed. The rib is one of the most important elements of the wing, which act significant flight loads, and the main ribs additionally act concentrated forces. The article analyzed the design features of the rib design of the wing of the transport category aircraft. An analysis of the current loads on the main rib was performed, shear and bending diagrams were determined. During realize high-lift devices, the aerodynamic flow of the wing changes significantly, which leads to a change in the stress-strain state of the wing. This relates not only to the increase in lift due to a change in the curvature of the wing and an increase in the wing area, but also due to a change in the position of the center of pressure relative to the chord of the wing. Therefore, to determine the loads, the aerodynamic characteristics, obtained by the numerical method in the ANSYS program, were used. In order to remain competitive, the aviation company needs to ensure the high quality of the manufactured equipment, its quick modernization and modification or change of the model series. The use of CAD/CAM/CAE/PLM systems at all stages of the life cycle of aviation parts, including the design and production stages, can significantly improve the quality of the created parts and reduce the cost of performing work related to design and production, while maintaining high rates of work. The method of three-dimensional parametric modeling of the main machined wing rib was developed using the Siemens NX computer integrated system, which allows to significantly reduce the stage of modeling typical elements of the aircraft airframe structure using the created three-dimensional parametric model of a typical structural element