Category Of Policy Research Articles

Politik Hukum Sistem Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dalam Perspektif Pancasila

The research objectives in this thesis are based on the two problem formulations raised, namely as follows: To find out and study the Presidential and Vice Presidential Election system based on Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections. To find out and study the Legal Politics of the President and Vice President in Indonesia based on Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, viewed from the Pancasila Perspective. The research method used is normative juridical legal research. The results of the research and discussion are as follows: First, the direct and indirect Presidential election system emerged due to a misinterpretation of the 4th principle of Pancasila which reads "the people are led by wisdom in deliberation/representation". Second, the legal politics of a statutory norm fall into the category of open legal policy, so according to the Constitutional Court this norm is in an area of constitutional value with the 1945 Constitution. The concept of open legal policy itself was first used by the Constitutional Court. In its considerations, the Constitutional Court was of the opinion that such a policy choice is the right of the legislator and is protected by the constitution.

Infant mortality and social causality: Lessons from the history of Britain's public health movement, c. 1834-1914.

What are the historical conditions under which a sociologically informed understanding of health inequality can emerge in the public sphere? We seek to address this question through the lens of a strategically chosen historical puzzle-the stubborn persistence of and salient variation in high infant mortality rates across British industrial towns at the dawn of the previous century-as analysed by Arthur Newsholme, the Medical Officer of the Local Government Board. In doing so, we retrace the historical processes through which the evolving public health movement gradually helped crystallise a scientific understanding of the social causes of excess mortality. We map the dominant ideology of the public sphere at the time, chart the shifting roles of the state, and retrace the historical origins and emergence of 'public health' as a distinctive category of state policy and public discourse. We situate the public health movement in this historical configuration and identify the cracks in the existing ideological and administrative edifice through which this movement was able to articulate a novel approach to population health-one that spotlights the political economy of social inequality. We relate this historical sequence to the rise of industrial capitalism, the social fractures that it spawned, and the organised counter-movements that it necessitated.

Development of the constitutional foundations of Russian legal policy

The article is devoted to the study of the category of legal policy in domestic constitutional law. As a result of the analysis of various approaches to the interpretation of the legal phenomenon under consideration, the author presents his own understanding of legal policy as a theoretical basis for the formation of a strategy and tactics for building all legal relationships within a state and the concept of its communication with other players in the international arena. Using the example of the constitutional reform in Russia in 2020, the content of the amendments and the mechanisms for their implementation in the legislation, the author clearly demonstrates the relationship and interdependence of the Basic Law and legal policy.

European green policy announcements and sectoral stock returns

To fulfill the Paris Agreement commitments and stimulated by an unprecedented amount of public resources put in place to recover from the COVID-induced recession, European governments have recently announced sizable green policy plans. In this paper, we examine the behavior of green and brown portfolios around green policy-related announcements (GPAs) made by major European governments in 2020 via a standard event study analysis and the use of returns of stocks listed in the “STOXX 100 All Europe”. Our main empirical findings indicate the presence of positive cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) both in the green and brown sectors following GPAs. However, the estimated positive sentiment effect is stronger in the former sector. A size effect in terms of the amount of resources announced to be allocated for a specific category of policy is also observed. We find that the observed positive sentiment is mainly driven by announcements on climate change mitigation-related policies, which account for 70% of the total allocated funds. At the sector level, positive and significant CARs due to GPAs are found in the (i) energy, (ii) financial and (iii) industrial sectors. At the country level, GPAs are found to drive a significant positive sentiment effect in the following European countries: Switzerland, Spain, UK, Ireland and Italy. Sector- and country-level analyses confirm the presence of larger benefits from GPAs among more sustainable portfolios.

Economic policy, regulatory policy, or soft policy: Which category of policy can effectively improve the green innovation of Chinese wind power industry?

Although wind power is clean in general, its potential adverse impacts on ecology and environment still cannot be ignored. To improve green innovation of wind power industry, the Chinese government has issued a series of policies. With the microdata from listed Chinese wind power enterprises from 2006 to 2019, this study examines the impacts of policies on green innovation. The results indicate that economic policy, regulatory policy, and soft policy significantly improve the green innovation. Unfortunately, the incentive effect only scratches the surface. The further analysis suggests that all categories of policies contribute to the low‐quality green innovation only.

Evaluation and accreditation from the perspective of university students: An educational experience at the Universidad Autónoma De Chiapas

This work is the result of an investigation developed in the Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, which is born of the interest that exists on the part of members of the Academic Board for Policy, Management, Education and Diversity (CA) to the need to know the impact they have had evaluation processes and accreditation level in schools and in the University. In this context, it is essential to know the opinion of the writers who are directly involved with the results obtained in each of the educational programs that have been subjected to these processes and have achieved their accreditation. Methodologically, the study has a tendency towards critical social paradigm, with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) where the opinion of the university through interviews, in other case, is recovered through analysis of surveys of the university community, Given the specific weight that each of the actors in the process of evaluation and accreditation of each of the educational programs was essential to know the view of the university authorities responsible for the management of faculties and the heads of the coordination of evaluation and accreditation; For this, a series of interviews with those who occupied strategic positions in the administration were made; that is, those who have access to information regarding such processes. This work is approached from four categories: 1) Public Policy, 2) Management, 3) organization and 4) Results and Impact. In the specific case of this paper, it only discloses the results in the category of public policy and its indicators: assessment, accreditation and Norming.

Дискурс-устрій соціальної згуртованості як категорії соціальної політики: досвід застосування критичного дискурс-аналізу

The article is dedicated to identifying the discourses of social cohesion as a category of social policy, constructed by the textual structures of national governments, intergovernmental associations and international organisations documents. The paper is performed in the frame of a discourse-analytical approach; discursive events define the normative acts of national governments, intergovernmental associations, and international organizations during the 90s – 2000s, devoted to the issue of social cohesion; definitions of social cohesion and “textual situations” of their use are chosen as units of analysis. Based on the critical discourse analysis of N. Fairclough’s and some provisions of E. Laclau and S. Mouffe’s discourse approach, the author (re)constructs a discourse-structure of social cohesion, presented by discourses of social solidarity, neoliberalism, inclusion (involvement) and materialism. These discourses are further composed into interdiscursive spaces of neoliberalism and traditionalism. The need for methodological caution in the uncritical scholars’ application of political-legal definitions of social cohesion is emphasised to prevent the spread of constructed discursive ideologemes. It is concluded that social cohesion appears as a chameleon discourse, which content is not only socio-culturally, historically, politically contextual, but also chronologically dynamic (systemically fluid). The article emphasises the dominant positioning of social cohesion as an instrument of state policy, a “universal cure” for the social diseases and all the “best” against all the “worst” that ideologizes this concept, making it artificially dogmatic. The paper identifies “empty signs” of social cohesion discourses and the point of “hegemony intervention”. Considering delusions of the political-legal discourse of social cohesion, the relevance of applying a dialectical strategy for defining social cohesion within academic discourse is highlighted.

SOCIAL COHESION AS A CATEGORY OF STATE POLICY: SPECIFICS OF CONSTRUSTION IN THE UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION

The article is dedicated to the sociological analysis of social cohesion construction as a category of state policy. Analyzing the content of Ukraine's sustainable development goals until 2030 and the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021-2027, the author summarizes the need to determine at the level of legal norms the social capital measurement as a component of social cohesion at the societal level.

Tlumachennia katehorii «publichnyi poriadok» u novitnii sudovii praktytsi

The article studies the concept of «public policy», presents doctrinal definitions of public policy, as well as definitions used in judicial practice, in particular in the decisions of the Supreme Court. It is established that the Ukrainian legislation does not contain a definition of «public policy», but from the analysis of case law it can be concluded that the public policy of any country includes the fundamental principles and principles of justice, morality, state system, political system and economic security, which the state wishes to protect, which means «public policy» is a broad and abstract concept. At the same time, such a position of the legislator, given the case law cited in the article, is justified and reasoned. It is analyzed that the Civil Code of Ukraine lists the grounds on which the transaction can be considered as violating public policy, at the same time, the analysis of case law shows that the category of public policy does not apply to any legal relationship in the state, but only on the essential foundations of law and order. The article also analyzes that the recognition or enforcement of the decisions of an international commercial arbitral tribunal may be denied if the court finds that the recognition and enforcement of this arbitral award is contrary to public policy of Ukraine, as an example listed court cases in which the enforcement of arbitral awards was refused due to a violation of public policy. In view of the above, it is proved in the article that the definition and understanding of the category of public policy is important in recognizing and bringing to the enforcement of international commercial arbitration courts decisions, as well as recognition of transactions as such that violates the public policy, which leads to insignificance of such transactions. It is summarized that today in Ukraine there is no normative definition of the concept of «public policy», and from the analysis of judicial practice we can conclude that judges interpret the concept of «public policy» quite broadly and abstractly. However, given that quite often cases of recognition of a transaction as contrary to public policy (invalid transaction), as well as the recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration and foreign courts judgments are «technical» cases brought in order to avoid the liability of a party against whom the decision was made, such an interpretation of the concept of «public policy» gives judges the opportunity to fully investigate, whether transactions or decisions in force violates public policy or the fundamental principles of justice and fairness of the state, without a statutory restriction on the concept of «public policy».

Operational and Intelligence Activities of the Law Enforcement Agencies in the System of Ensuring National Security

The transition to the postmodern stage of development of Russian society, by the subsequent change of the system of civilizational values, required the scientific development of a new attitude to security as a basic human need with regard to changing the nature of traditional threats and interests and the emergence of completely new ones. The process of globalization being developed in the information age weakens traditional state institutions and requires a new look at national security not only as a category of foreign policy and military matters but also as an internal problem solved through operational and intelligence activities. The purpose of the study was to identify the current problems in the theory of national security by means of an analysis of scientific studies of the phenomenon of security in Russia; to consider security as a function and feature of the social system; to consider the Operational and intelligence activities of the law enforcement agencies as a mean for ensuring national security; to identify the conditions and factors of operational and intelligence activities that negatively affect the effectiveness of ensuring national security. In the course of the research, using computer indexing, about 1300 scientific, educational and methodological sources on national security and internal affairs issues have been processed and analyzed in the semantic, philosophical and legal aspects. The study examines modern theoretical and practical problems of ensuring national security as part of operational and intelligence activities of the law enforcement agencies. Operational and intelligence activities is considered in the national security system as a means of its information support, as well as as a tool for combating criminal, military and other threats. For the first time, considered are the conditions and factors of the operational and intelligence activities that negatively affect the effectiveness of ensuring national security.

Policy design, non-design, and anti-design: the regulation of e-cigarettes in Indonesia

ABSTRACT In this article, we propose a typology of policy design and non-design, with special attention to a category of policy making which we term, “anti-design”. We argue that contrary to the established literature, the opposite of design is not politics, but rather, a disconnect between problems, interventions, and outcomes. This disconnect can be caused by political forces but also by non-political factors such as incompetence, corruption, or global economic trends. We use an attempt by the government of Indonesia to regulate e-cigarettes to illustrate a scenario in which design activities are virtually absent. Making the distinction between design and the various forms of non-design is an important step in understanding the conditions that enable or impede rational mechanisms in the policy process.

Bibliometric analysis of highly cited publications in health policy and Services

The present study is to identify and analyse the characteristics of the highly cited articles in Web of Science category of health policy and services, within the publication year from 1923 to 2017 based on Social Science Citation Index. Highly cited articles that have been cited 100 times or more from Web of Science Core Collection since their publication year to the end of 2017 were analyzed. Publication year, authors, institutions, countries, journals, and citation life cycles were used to evaluate the publication performance of the highly cited articles. Four citation indicators were applied to evaluate highly cited articles. Six publication indicators were also used to compare performance of countries and institutions. A publication performance indicator, the Y-index, was applied to assess publication potential and the characteristics of authors. A relationship between number of articles in each year and their citations per publication by years was proposed for distribution of highly cited articles. Results showed that highly cited articles published in journals with not only higher journal impact factor but also lower one. The US and Harvard University ranked top in six publication indicators respectively. Y-index results showed that J.H. Hibbard had highly cited articles publication potential. In addition, each of the high impact classic articles in 2017 were summarized.

Macroprudential policy and financial stability, role and tools

The aim of macroprudential policy is to ensure financial stability by avoiding the outbreak of banking crises, which have a dangerous effect on the economy. Is macroprudential policy effective in the face of banking crises and systemic risks? The macroprudential policy has received significant interest from policy-makers and researchers. A few developing countries were using macroprudential policy tools well before the 2008 financial crisis, but significant progress has been made thereafter in both emerging and industrialized economies to put in place specific institutional settings for macroprudential policy. The fundamental objective of macroprudential policy is to maintain the stability of the financial system by making it more resistant and preventing the risk build-up. The objective of this paper is to analyze the important role of macroprudential policy in ensuring overall financial stability. Since the financial crisis of 2008, macroprudential policy has been increasingly used across economies. These measures aim at smoothing financial cycles and thereby mitigating the impact on the real economy, thereby allowing monetary policy to focus on price stability and promote growth and full employment. Macroprudential policy instruments fall into two categories, depending on their purpose, namely, to prevent procyclicality or to enhance the resilience and soundness of the financial system against shocks. The first category of instruments is used to stop bubbles from forming and smooth cycles, i.e. to force the debt-equity of economic operators on an income basis to prevent unsustainable credit bubbles, or to require dynamic loss provisioning rules. The second category of macro-prudential policy is to improve the resilience to shocks, such as capital surcharges for systemic institutions or the requirement to hold liquid assets to cope with market panics, and to make the financial system less complex. Keywords: macroprudential policy, financial stability, tools and measures, systemic risks.

Changing Motivations or Capabilities? Migration Deterrence in the Global Context

AbstractOver the last thirty-five years, Western liberal democracies have exerted more control over their borders through an array of innovative migration-control practices. Scholars have taken stock of these efforts and referred to them collectively as “deterrence” measures, ignoring the fact that deterrence is an established concept with a focused definition and meaning. We argue that in the context of migration governance, the concept of deterrence has been stretched beyond meaningful parameters. In order to restore conceptual clarity and develop a more useful framework, we build on the fourth wave of deterrence literature and apply its insights to these new migration-control practices. We construct a theoretically informed typology that differentiates between deterrence and defense policies. Deterrence aims to change the motivations of migrants, whereas defense policies change migrants’ capabilities. We also differentiate between the timing and location of the interventions. We elaborate on each category of policy with examples drawn from various geographic regions and propose a framework for expanding this analysis through a systematic exploration of global practices. We conclude with a discussion of the implications stemming from these insights with respect to normative and practical debates in this research area.

Публічний порядок як комплексна категорія в сучасному міжнародному приватному праві

У статті досліджуються підходи до розуміння категорії публічного порядку та причини їх виникнення й еволюції в юридичній науці та практиці. Автор резюмує, що публічний порядок у сучасній доктрині міжнародного приватного права може розглядатися одночасно як інститут міжнародного приватного права, інститут законодавства, правовий засіб колізійного регулювання (застереження), принцип міжнародного приватного права та вчення в рамках доктрини міжнародного приватного права.

Between morality and rationality: framing end-of-life care policy through narratives

This paper analyzes the nature of the debate generated prior to the implementation of the Act Respecting End-of-Life Care in 2015 in Quebec (Canada). Including medical assistance in dying (MAID) along existing palliative care services, the act is an important policy change on a very sensitive issue. As such, MAID could be categorized as a morality policy issue, the latter being defined as a particular category of policy because of its specific features (issues of first principle, technical simplicity, high salience, public interest, and public participation). In line with Mucciaroni’s proposition, we rather analyze this issue by understanding morality policy as one of two framing strategies (moral and/or rational-instrumental frame). Our research reconstructs four public opinion framings as advanced and transmitted through the media between 2005 and 2015. It shows that although opponents to the bill unsurprisingly framed the debate in deontological terms, mostly referring to sanctity of life as one of the most important values in society, they also framed it on rational-instrumental grounds in a similar proportion, alleging the danger of a slippery slope and potential abuse. As well, if some of the proponents favored a moral framing centered on the argument that dignity and individual autonomy take precedence over all other values, others put forward a rational-instrumental one, where the slippery slope/abuse argument is used as a cautionary statement against the artificial prolongation of life. Our analysis reinforces Mucciaroni’s and Ferraiolo’s assertions that sensitive issues classified as morality policy cannot be apprehended solely through the unidimensional frame of morality.

Crafting public security: demilitarisation, penal state reform and security policy-making in post-authoritarian Chile

ABSTRACTHere I dissect the institutionalisation of ‘citizen security’ as a category and sector of public policy in post-authoritarian Chile. Deploying a Bourdieusian field theory approach and questioning narratives of security policies as responses to criminality or adaptations to democratic values, I argue that the construction of a new security policy sector – with a new consensus (distinct from that of National Security), with reformed police and courts in its core, leaving aside the military and extending beyond traditional agencies – derives from (i) struggles over policing and criminal justice reforms, (ii) tensions between the military and democratic authorities in democracy and (iii) performative integrations of the new policy components. These mechanisms explain the evolution of the security problem and the progressive aggregation of bureaucratic agencies and methods to the ‘public security policy’ – policing, judiciary, urban design, prisons and prevention plans. I close discussing alternative accounts of institutional variations in security governance in the region.

Lokalna i ponadlokalne polityki rozwoju lokalnego – istota, rodzaje i spójność

The local development issues were repeatedly discussed in the subject literature. Numerous works devoted to it focus on its objectives, factors and its measurement. Despite this, until now, a little attention has been paid to the category of local development policy pursued by local authorities. The categories of local development policies pursued by the supra-local authorities have not been formulated or discussed at all. Nevertheless, such policies are held in Poland and abroad, and their importance is growing. Thus, there is a need for their definement and characterizing for the construction of nomenclature used in academic discourse and in the practice of design and the application of these policies and in didactics as well. The purpose of this article is to answer this challenge. It opens with the presentation of the origin and the nature of localism and the idea of local development. Then the categories of the local development perceived from the local and supra-local perspectives have been formulated, as well as local development paradigm, its meaning and position in relation to other paradigms of development have been described. Based on local and supra-local perspectives of local development, the categories of local (municipal) and supra-local (regional, national and international) policies of local development have been formulated and the entities who pursue them have been pointed. Also the purpose and features of these policies, ways of their pursuing and their positions in relation to other functional and horizontal policies have been described. Next, the vertical and horizontal cohesion of supra-local policies of local development have been presented. The article uses the research methods of critical analysis of the subject literature, induction, deduction and analogy.

Suggestion to include "Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation" in Scopus.

Scopus is the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature, including scientific journals, books, and conference proceedings. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation has been suggested for inclusion in Scopus. Currently, recent three issues–volume 11, issue 6, volume 12, issue 1, and volume 12, issue 2–of the journal are under review in Scopus. Scopus reviews five broad categories: journal policy with eight evaluation criteria, presentation of content with nine evaluation criteria, citedness with two evaluation criteria, timeliness, distribution with four evaluation criteria, and home page with three evaluation criteria. These categories are scored based on the information provided, scoring basis, and source of score; further, during review, the scores are weighted in terms of the weight of category in percentage and weighted percentile score per category. Each criterion is scored in Scopus’ scoring system. Based on the sum of these scores, Scopus evaluates a journal as one of the following: accepted journal, case of doubt, and rejection. The specific evaluation criteria under the category of journal policy include availability of an abstract in English language, language quality of the abstract, presence of cited references in articles, convincing editorial concept/policy, level of peer review, availability of editorial board, diversity in the provenance of editors, and diversity in the provenance of author. Under presentation of content, the specific evaluation criteria include originality/relevance, methodology, argumentation, conformity with the journal’s statement of aims, conformity with publication ethics, clarity of title, objective, abstract, mean length of articles, quality of language/proof reading, and illustrations/tables. For the category of citedness, both the citedness of journal and citedness of editors are evaluated. The specific evaluation criteria under distribution include major publisher, whether the journal is published by a society and covered in major bibliographic databases, and the number of subscribing libraries (WorldCat). For home page, the content available online, availability of the home page in English language, and quality of the home page are evaluated. The review results will be available presently. We hope that Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation will become the first exercise rehabilitation journal to be indexed in Scopus. Among the aforementioned evaluation criteria, convincing editorial concept/policy, diversity in the provenance of authors, conformity with the journal’s statement of aims, timeliness of publication, and citedness of journal are important in the review of Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation.

A New Frontier in Gambling Policy: Internet Wagering as Morality Policy

The 2006 enactment of a measure that essentially prohibited online wagering represented the U.S. federal government's first major foray into gambling policy in decades. Bringing the theoretical leverage of political science's morality policy literature to bear on this issue, this article draws extensively upon transcribed debate from the Congressional Record to investigate the language used by congressional opponents of online gambling. The results indicate that they deployed moral (“online wagering poses a special threat to youth”), mixed (“online wagering has negative effects for families, communities, and society”), and instrumental (“legislation is needed to modernize the law and empower the states”) arguments. The results improve our understanding of the factors that shape federal online gambling policy, and offer theoretical implications for our understanding of morality policy as a category of public policy.