Catching Rate Research Articles

Mathematical Analysis of the Prey‐Predator System with Immigrant Prey Using the Soft Computing Technique

In this paper, a mathematical model for the system of prey‐predator with immigrant prey has been analyzed to find an approximate solution for immigrant prey population density, local prey population density, and predator population density. Furthermore, we present a novel soft computing technique named LeNN‐WOA‐NM algorithm for solving the mathematical model of the prey‐predator system with immigrant prey. The proposed algorithm uses a function approximating ability of Legendre polynomials based on Legendre neural networks (LeNNs), global search ability of the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and a local search mechanism of the Nelder–Mead algorithm. The LeNN‐WOA‐NM algorithm is applied to study the effect of variations on the growth rate, the force of interaction, and the catching rate of local prey and immigrant prey. The statistical data obtained by the proposed technique establish the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm when compared with techniques in the latest literature. The efficiency of solutions obtained by LeNN‐WOA‐NM is validated through performance measures including absolute errors, MAD, TIC, and ENSE.

Quest For Convergence Solution Using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Trained Neural Network Model For Metamorphic Malware Detection

An unstable economy is rife with fraud. Perpetrated on customers, it ranges from employees’ internal abuse to large fraud via high-value contracts cum control breaches that impose serious consequences to biz. Loyal employees may not perpetrate fraud if not for societal pressures and economic recession with its rationalization that they have bills to pay and children to feed. Thus, the need for financial institutions to embark on effective measures via schemes that will aids both fraud prevention and detection. Study proposes genetic algorithm trained neural net model to accurately classify credit card transactions. Compared, model used a rule-based system to provide it with start-up solution and it has a fraud catching rate of 91% with a consequent, false alarm rate of 9%. Its convergence time is found to depend on how close the initial solution space is to the fitness function, and for recombination and mutation rates applied.

Comparison of the Catching Results of Mini One-Boat and Two-Boat Purse Seine in Bali Strait, Muncar, East Java Province

Mini purse seine has a major contribution in increasing production of small pelagic catches in Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Muncar, because it has high productivity and the construction made according to catch schooling fish. This research aims to compare the catches composition and catch rate of mini one-boat and two-boat purse seine in Bali Strait, Indonesia. This research was conducted in Mei 2018 in Muncar, East Java, Indonesia. The method used in this research is survey. The primary data are total catch composition, fork length, individual weight of total catch and operation time of both fishing gears. Data were analysed by main catch and bycatch proportion, legal size proportion and catch rate. The results showed that the mini two-boat purse seine had a greater catch volume compared to the mini one-boat purse seine. The bycatch composition dominates in both fishing gear. The proportion of legal-size catching is 67% of the total. The fork length is not significantly different and for the total catches is significantly different. The catching rate of the mini purse seine one boat catch rate is lower at 4,048.67 kg/hour, compared to the mini two-boat purse seine which is 9,189.18 kg/hour.

Habitat continuity matters: Ancient woodlands tend to have higher biomass and catching rate of dung beetles, mainly driven by one large species

Ancient woodlands differ from recent woodlands by numerous abiotic and biotic factors, including soil properties. Several animal species are more abundant in ancient than in recent woodlands, but this has been only rarely tested for saprophagous taxa and not at all for dung beetles, which are common in temperate woodlands. Beside habitat continuity, tree age can have also an effect on woodland inhabiting animals, especially on saprophagous taxa. To analyze the effects of both habitat continuity and tree age we studied dung beetles in a continuous north-west German woodland with baited pitfall traps on basis of a factorial design. We compared species diversity (Shannon-Wiener-Index and Pielou's Evenness), catching rates, biomass and community composition of dung beetles. With only 18 recorded species from 20 study plots, dung beetle communities were species-poor and dominated by one large tunnelling species. The main result is that catching rate and biomass of dung beetles were higher in ancient woodlands, which was due to the particularly high catching rate of the most dominant tunnelling species and one dweller species. Tree age alone had a minor impact, but affects significantly one rare species. Diverging habitat quality of ancient and recent woodlands likely explains differences in the communities of dung beetles in woodlands of different habitat continuity. Old trees in recent woodlands could not compensate for habitat continuity of ancient woodlands.

Leptospirosis: New Emerging Disease in Sukoharjo District

Leptospirosis in Sukoharjo was discovered in 2014. Examination with RDT (Rapid Diagnostic Test) leptotek supported by clinical symptoms showed 6 positive cases of Leptospira, and until March 2015 one person was found to be Leptospira positive. The aim of this study was to identify rats as the main reservoir of leptospirosis, calculate the catching rate of rats and to detect the presence of pathogenic Leptospira in rats. This study was a cross-sectional survey, and was conducted in Pabelan village Kartasura Sukoharjo on May 2015. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay was conducted in Bacteriology Laboratory Balai Litbang P2B2 Banjarnegara to detect leptospira in the kidney of the rats. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results of rats and shrew catching obtained Rattus tanezumi, Rattus norvegicus and Suncus murinus. The species most commonly found was balanced between R. tanezumi and S.murinus (46%). The trap success rate inside and outside the house are 1.50% and 5%, respectively. Result of laboratory test showed from 13 rats kidneys, two kidneys were found to be Leptospira positive and was from R.tanezumi and R.norvegicus.

Manufacturing intelligence for reducing false alarm of defect classification by integrating similarity matching approach in CMOS image sensor manufacturing

For CMOS image sensor (CIS) manufacturing, automatic optical inspection (AOI) is the critical equipment for defect reduction and yield enhancement. The capability of automated defect classification embedded in AOI equipment is the key factor to empower manufacturing intelligence. In manufacturing practice, catching rate (CR) and false alarm rate (FAR) are two indices to evaluate the performance of classification results. Rather than enhancing catching rate, reducing false alarm rate of the classification result is more concerned for the domain engineers since false alarms may cause poor decision-making and waste resource. Hence, domain users are easy to lose their confidence for the classification model even though the model had good performance on catching rate. Focusing on the realistic needs, this study aims to develop a manufacturing intelligence framework integrating defect inspection, feature extraction, support vector machine classifier, and similarity matching approach to reduce false alarm of defect classification, while the catching rate is enhanced. An empirical study was conducted in a leading CIS manufacturing company in Taiwan to estimate the validity and the results also demonstrated the practical value of the proposed approach.

Ball Catching Skills of 5- to 11-Year-Old Typically Developing Children in Real and Virtual Environments

The two aims of this study are (1) to examine the concurrent and discriminant validity of a newly developed virtual ball catching test and (2) to explore the ball catching performance of typically developing children in a virtual environment. Three groups of children aged 60- to 140-mo-old (n = 368) participated in this study: (1) typically developing children (n = 272), (2) children with diagnoses of developmental coordination disorders (n = 33), and (3) children with premature birth history (n = 63). The concurrent validity of the virtual ball catching test was good, with Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.67 between the virtual ball catching test and the Van Waelvelde's short ball catching test in successful catching rate. The discriminant validity of the virtual ball catching test was acceptable in differentiating the performance among typically developing children, children with developmental coordination disorders, and children with preterm history. The significant main effects in age, sex, speed, and location (Ps < 0.001) as well as significant interaction effects in age x location and age x speed were found when examining the virtual ball catching performance of typically developing children. The virtual ball catching test demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties in assessing the ball catching performance of children aged 5-11 yrs. We propose that testing children's motor performance in a virtual environment might be a useful and promising alternative for clinical assessment. Future research on its clinical application is needed.

Age, Growth and Condition Factor of Black Rockfish, Sebastes inermis in Southern Coastal Waters of the Harima Sea

Since little ecological information of black rockfish Sebastes inermis has been given so far , the study on their age, growth, condition factor and so on in the southern coastal waters of the Harima Sea was carried out. Growth formulae estimated from annuli in otoliths indicated that the growth of females tended to be slightly inferior to that of males . Seasonal fluctuation of the condition factor of males and females both showed very similar patterns like periodic functions , that is, the condition factor took low level from January to May, and it took high level from June to September . This phenomenon was closely related to the fact that the black rockfish were required much nutrition to their gonads in their maturative period from November to January . From age composition of the black rockfish in this study, it was detected that catching rate of 4 age fish was more than that of 3 age fish. This phenomenon was presumed to be the effect of great number of release of Korean black rockfish in 1986 . 水産上重要 な魚種で あるに もか かわ らず,生 態学 的 な知 見 に乏 しいメバ ル,Sebastesineymisに つ い て, 前報1)で は食 性と成熟 に関す る報告 を行 なった。 今回 はその続報 と して,年 齢 と成長,お よび肥満度 な どに関す る報告 を行な うこととし,合 わせて漁獲魚 の年齢組成 より,そ の資源構造について も若干の考察 を加 えた。

G0700-4-1 DPFのフィルター通過性能に関する基礎研究(エンジンシステム部門一般講演(4))

In order to design diesel engines with higher level of PM removal, mathematical model of internal flow of DPF is developed. The best selection of DPF is enabled by using the result of a measurement to which AIR TEST has been done by using a practically used DPF for the test piece. As a result, because it is shown that the evaluation is possible for "permeability k" that is the inherent characteristic of the filter and obtained the finding concerning internal flow, it reports. DPF is widespread as a effective PM removal method. The restriction of exhaust gas is becoming severe every year, and the PM removal is satisfied in recent years. Moreover, practicable DPF seems for the problem to have disappeared for the catching rate. However, the research on DPF is paid to attention so that the pressure loss may influence the engine performance harmfully. The present study clarifies the passage rate of the basic performance of DPF by the calculation program and AIR TEST.

A stage-structured predator–prey model with disturbing pulse and time delays

In this article we propose a stage-structured predator–prey model with disturbing pulse and time delays and obtain the sufficient conditions for the global attractivity of predator-eradiation periodic solution and permanence of the system. We also show that time delay, pulse catching rate and the period of pulsing can affect the dynamics of the system.

Partial matching accuracy indices for shapes

AbstractIndices are proposed to measure the partial matching accuracy for outlines of shapes such as those identified only partially due to occlusion and with limited region of interest. The figure catching rate and the partial matching rate curves are defined. The fractional area under the curve represents effectively the matching accuracy. More intuitive indices are the catching and matching distances. The indices are illustrated with an example of application to evaluation of gastric outlines recognized in double‐contrast gastric radiograms. Gastric regions delineated by a computer are compared with tracings by a radiologist, in an attempt to evaluate numerically the accuracy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 35(6): 50–58, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10550

Summary on technical progress in comprehensive fisheries exploitation of large and medium shallow weed-type lakes in china

长江中下游湖泊大多属浅水草型湖泊,长期以来渔业利用处于落后状态。1986~1990年国家在江苏湖、湖北保安湖和安徽花园湖等地组织了大、中型浅水草型湖泊的综合开发技术,包括大水面鱼病害控制、围养区底层鱼捕捞技术、水体农业模式在内的科技攻关。本文以这五年所取得的成果为主,概述了我国大、中型浅水草型湖泊渔业综合开发技术方面的进展。;Large and medium shallow weed-type lakes account for the major proportion in the eastern plain lake zone in the middle and lower reaches uf the Changjiajig River. Based on the previous studies, Gehu Lake in Jiangsu Province, Baoan Lake in Hubei Province and Huayuan Lake in Anhui Province were selected fur the study during 1986~1990. Through the key technical problem tackling study of comprehensive development, the fish production was raised to 450 kg/hm² from previous 150 kg/m². The output value of the 3 lakes increased by 17-1 million yuan (RMB) with the total profic of 90 millon yuan(RMB) in the 5 years. At the same time, the good water quality of the lakes was maintained. The comprehensive development techniques of large scale fish culture and enhancement in line with the lake condition, including the fish disease cuntrul technique which achieved 60% survival in fingerling rearing and 70% survival in table fish culture in fish pen and cages, and the fishing technique which raised the catching rate of bottom fish to 60%~90% fium former 10%~15% in different types of fish pen, the high valued crab, prawn and fish accounted for more than 85% of the total production, have been extended to many weed-type lakes in the country, achieving significant econumic, sueial and ecological bejiefit. Meanwhile, the study on the utilizing limit, major affecting factor and development pattern of aquatic weeds and the models of hydroagriculture in lake, has filled the blank of ihe relevaiit research field. This paper summarized the major progress of the study on comprehensive development techniques of large and medium shallow weed-type lakes in China, focusing on the achievements of technical break-through research project of weed-type lakes carried oiu in the 7th Five-Year period.

The AFRC mark I experimental broiler harvester

Whilst improvements have been made over the last 15 years in the collection and transport of live broilers, a satisfactory mechanized system for harvesting birds has yet to be fully accepted by the industry. AFRC Engineering have investigated the mechanical harvesting of broilers, with the objectives of making the task of catching more acceptable to all concerned, reducing injury to the birds and improving animal welfare. A brief background to the nature of the broiler handling operation is presented. The limitations imposed by the design of existing houses and the behaviour of live broilers are discussed in the light of attempts to mechanize the handling operation. The development of machines based on a patented poultry harvesting assembly is followed from the initial concept of a two-rotor pick-up head to the final three-rotor sweeping head. The findings from trials on commercial sites are shown which indicate that the machine is capable of working at the required catching rate of 6000 birds/h, whilst being less stressful than conventional hand catching methods.

Feeding Activity of the Grey Heron Ardea cinerea in Tidal and Non-tidal Environments

The foraging activity rhythm of the Grey Heron was observed in Ashizaki Bay, an estuarine habitat, and at Mawarizeki Reservoir, a non-tidal habitat, both in Aomori Prefecture. In Ashizaki Bay, herons foraged while the water level was low, although the tidal range was about 70 cm on spring tide. Herons foraged also during the nighttime low tide. In non-tidal habitat, on the other hand, they foraged constantly throughout the daytime. Herons foraged on fish using walking slowly tactics in Ashizaki Bay, whereas they foraged using stand-and-wait tactics at Mawarizeki Reservoir. This difference was thought to be attributable to the difference in main prey item (demersal fish species in Ashizaki Bay vs. pelagic fish at Mawarizeki Reservoir) and/or difference in prey catching rate (high rate in Ashizaki Bay vs. low rate at Mawarizeki).

サラガイ噴射式桁網の漁獲効率について

An attempt was made to estimate the catch efficiency of the great northern tellin hydraulic jet dredges that are being used in the Shiriuchi sea area. In the dredging survey, 2 dredges, one towed behind the other at a distance of 2 meters apart, were used simultaneously in the same fishing ground. The number of shells caught by each dredge were counted and their lengths were measured. Under the condition of this dredging survey, the catch efficiency is considered to be a function of the ratio of the number of shells caught by the dredge in the first position to the number of those caught behind it, using shells of the same length. In this way, the fishing performance for hydraulic jet dredge was evaluated. Mean relative catching effciency due to fishing selectivity of dredge was 0.82, and coefficient proportion to catch-ing rate was 0.68. The average catch efficiency was 0.56 which was estimated from these values. It was found that the catch efficiency of the hydraulic jet dredge for great northern tellin is higher than the common dredge for ark shell and Japanese surf clams.

Radar and opto-electronic measurements of the effectiveness of Rothamsted Insect Survey suction traps

AbstractRadar methods have been extended to measure the aerial density of small insects. Results obtained during an outbreak of the cereal aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) in south-eastern England were compared with simultaneous suction trap catches to study the sensitivity of trap effectiveness to windspeed. Two traps were studied: the Rothamsted Insect Survey trap (12·2-m) and a standard aerofoil trap. The Survey trap effectiveness is moderately sensitive to windspeed, decreasing exponentially by a factor of two for each 2·4 m/s (5 knots) of average windspeed. The two trap sensitivities did not differ significantly, but both results are very significantly different (P&gt;0·001) from the published predictions, which were based upon a comparison of catches from suction traps and a combination of a rotary (whirligig) net and a tow net. These differences are discussed. The average catching rate is about 40% of that of an ideal trap. Seven-day catches could vary by a factor of 0·5—2·0 from average due to prolonged periods of extra strong or light winds. Systematic windspeed gradients can corrupt suction trap studies of insect dispersal in relation to vertical density profiles, diurnal flight patterns and geographical distribution. Absolute calibration of the aerofoil trap was achieved by using the remote-sensing IRADIT infra-red system to measure the aerial density of aphid-size insects near to the trap inlet in very light winds; the effectiveness was not statistically different from unity, and the Survey trap is expected to perform similarly.

曳繩釣漁業の研究-I

In trolling, the effect of a plate depressor on fish catch may be very serious and it is said that the movement of the plate depressor is the most important. In the present paper the catching efficiency with plate depressors was studied from the point of view of their colors. The colors used were white, yellow, silver, pale-blue, red and black. The results obtained are as follows: In the twelve fishing experiments the pale-blue plate depressor which had the best catch was 3 times as high as the mean catching rate of yellow one which showed the poorest catch. The pale-blue, black and white plate depressors which showed better results in the above experiments were repainted yellow, and the red, yellow and silver ones which had not been effective in hooking repainted pale-blue, so that the good results obtained before might be achieved again, influenced by the favourable movements of the plate depressors. The fishing experiments conducted again showed that pale-blue plate depressors had 1.7 times as many catch as the yellow ones.

Teaps in field studies of Glossina pallidipes Austen

SummaryIn order to evaluate Morris traps as a method of investigating populations of Glossina pallidipes Aust., and to compare them with fly-rounds, a series of catches was made by both methods in and adjacent to an area of evergreen thicket covering about three sq. miles in the Lambwe Valley, South Nyanza District, Kenya. During the period of the investigations (February 1955-February 1958), the mean monthly apparent density (catches of non-teneral males per 10,000 yd. traversed) determined from a fly-round 5,200 yd. long traversing the thicket varied from 70 to 1,300, and the mean monthly trap catch, determined from 26 traps along a similar traverse but over a shorter period, varied from 190 to 670. Catches by the two methods showed similar fluctuations but were not significantly correlated, and it is not certain that real changes in population occurred. The distribution of G. pallidipes between the three main vegetation communities sampled appeared different when studied by traps, or by other methods (fly-rounds, and searching for resting flies). The two latter methods were in agreement, but traps gave different results, perhaps because one of the vegetation communities may have had a high proportion of productive trapping sites.Dispersal of G. pallidipes into the surrounding, sparsely wooded grassland was studied by traps arranged in lines extending east and west of the thicket and at right angles to its edge. Traps appeared not to attract flies over a distance as great as 100 yd., but to catch only those that chanced to be in their immediate vicinity. Total catches in three traps over 10 months at distances of 5–100–300–500 and 900 yd. west of the thicket edge were 15,417–965–153–89 and 56, respectively; smaller numbers were taken up to 2,500 yd., the greatest distance investigated. Dispersal was greatest in the wet, cool half of the year.In catches of G. pallidipes made in six consecutive two-hour periods daily for one year in two batteries, each of seven traps, and on two short fly-rounds, one of each along the east and the other along the west edge of the thicket, the traps yielded 78 per cent, females and the fly-rounds only 17 per cent. There was a marked tendency for females to be caught earlier in the day than males by either method, and for the pattern of catches to be earlier on fly-rounds than in traps. No difference in age, estimated by wing fray, was found between flies caught, by either method, at different times of day.The total number of G. pallidipes caught by two traps operating 11 hours per day for 10 days at the thicket edge was over four times that caught there concurrently by a stationary party of three men.It is concluded that traps are valuable because they catch a high proportion of females, thus affording information not given by fly-rounds, and operate continuously, at a higher over-all catching rate than that of men, thus facilitating the study of sparse populations. Nevertheless, site effects and day-to-day variability are both large with traps, so that reproducible results are difficult to obtain.

Snowgage of high catching rate

The catching characteristics of conventional snow gages are quite unsatisfactory.Yoshida and Saito observed the catching rate C of various snow gages and found that C was given by the following empirical formula, C=1/(1+mv)where v is the wind velocity in m/s near the gages orifice and m is the constant for certain snow gage. For J.M. A. standard 20-cm standpipe snowgage m was 0.449.In order to secure high catching rate, it is neccesary to undisturb the air current above the orifice.The authers designed a snowgage which had the funnel-shaped head connected to an U-tube. The funnel and it's side of the U-tube is filled with kerosene and the other side is filled with water. The whole system is heated to a certain temperature above 0°C. When the snowflakes enter in the oil, they melt and fall down as waterdrops into this U-tube, and the same mass of water of these drops must overflow from the opening of the water side of the U-tube. The overflown water is measured by the jar for raingage.From the analysis of the results of field tests, the catching rate of this snowgage is presumed to be shown by the following formula.C=1/(1+0.24v)

The Tasmanian Trout Fishery. II. The Fishery of the North-West Region

A brief account is given of the several rivers, and of the results derived from the study of the fishery in each. Anglers' returns of catches have been analysed with respect to the daily catch per angler for nine seasons, and the lengths of fish for five seasons, and the results are similar for each river. Detailed consideration of a summary of the data received from all sources in this region shows a definite downward trend in the daily catch which is statistically significant and more pronounced in the estuarine than in the inland fishery. There has been no change in the mean lengths of fish taken, and the size distribution of the catch has remained constant over five seasons. An 80 per cent. annual mortality rate has been found for fish from 1 to 6 years of age, after which it falls slightly. The total annual catch has risen with the increase in licensed anglers. Analysis of the diary of one angler over 27 years shows a decline in the catching rate, but the mean weight of fish has remained fairly constant. No direct consistent correlation was found between the estuarine trout fishery and the commercial whitebait fishery. It is concluded that the decline in catching rate is probably related to a change in the representation of anglers making returns during the nine seasons. A study of the contribution made by the release of hatchery fish shows a maximum possible return to anglers of 2 per cent., subject to a correction for the proportion of takable fish caught by anglers for which no data are available. Evidence is produced to show that the release of hatchery fish is unproductive and wasteful in a stream already stocked to capacity.