Castle Peak Research Articles

Wilson Sims Fall Risk Assessment Tool Versus Morse Fall Scale in Psychogeriatric Inpatients: a Multicentre Study.

To compare predictive validity of the Wilson Sims Fall Risk Assessment Tool (WSFRAT) with that of the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) in psychogeriatric inpatients. Psychogeriatric patients from Shatin Hospital, Tai Po Hospital, Castle Peak Hospital, and United Christian Hospital who had fall incident between April 2019 and April 2020 were identified. Their fall risks were assessed by the WSFRAT and the MFS, and their falls incidents during hospitalisation were recorded. Patients were classified as having high fall risk when their MFS score was ≥45 and when their WSFRAT score was ≥7. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the two scales were calculated. We identified 183 (90 male and 93 female) psychogeriatric patients aged ≥65 years who had fall incident and were assessed by both the WSFRAT and the MFS during the study period. Among the 183 patients, four sustained a fall during hospital stay, giving a prevalence of 2.19%. All four patients were classified as having high risk of fall by WSFRAT, but only two of them were classified so by MFS. The sensitivity of WSFRAT was 100%, which was higher than the 50% by MFS, but specificity of MFS was higher than that of WSFRAT (45.81% vs 54.75%). WSFRAT is a better fall risk assessment scale for psychiatric inpatients than MFS, because of higher sensitivity (100% vs 50%). It has items specific to psychiatric patients and should replace MFS in psychiatric settings.

A retrospective study on risk assessment and management of forensic psychiatric inpatients in Hong Kong.

The Department of Forensic Psychiatry of Castle Peak Hospital is the only facility in Hong Kong that provides territory-wide forensic psychiatric services for patients with criminal involvement. This retrospective study aimed to explore whether the rehabilitation programs provided by the department could significantly reduce the risks of forensic psychiatric inpatients as measured by the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START). START ratings of inpatients who were hospitalized in the department for more than 3 months and were discharged to the community during the period from 11 April 2015 to 31 March 2019 were analyzed. A total of 79 patients were assessed, of whom 61 (77.2%) were males. Fifty-four (68.4%) patients suffered from schizophrenia. START scores upon admission (strength score = 5.67; vulnerability score = 17.43) and upon discharge (strength score = 6.87, vulnerability score = 11.18) indicated significant reduction of risks among inpatients (p < 0.05).

Measuring the profiles of the security needs of forensic psychiatric inpatients: Validation of the See, Think, Act Scale.

This study aimed to develop and validate a Chinese version of the See, Think, Act Scale (C-STA). The relational security of the Department of Forensic Psychiatry of Castle Peak Hospital, which provides territory-wide forensic psychiatric services in Hong Kong, was measured. The See, Think, Act Scale was first translated into Chinese, then back-translated into English for comparison, and finally, subject to modification until alignment was achieved. Its content validity and face validity were explored through expert panel evaluation and focus group discussion, respectively. Eighty-nine Chinese mental health professionals were recruited from six service units to measure the relational security of the Department of Forensic Psychiatry using the C-STA. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was high, with all components exceeding 0.90. The intraclass correlation coefficients for the test-retest reliability of all components ranged from 0.50 to 0.72. Participants had the lowest score on the "patient focus" component (M=2.56, standard deviation [SD]=0.32). A significant sex difference in total relational security scores was found (P<0.001). The C-STA is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the relational security of forensic psychiatric services. "Patient focus" might be the target component of relational security for which the Department of Forensic Psychiatry needs to have interventions. The significant sex difference in total relational security scores needs further exploration.

Analysis on the Influence of Mining Development on the Ecological Environment in Dandong Area

There are rich forestry resources, good climatic conditions, rainfall abundant, so lush plants, a good ecological environment in Dandong area, and rich mineral resources, mining economy vigorous development, but the development and utilization of resources is bound to adversely affect the ecological environment. This paper mainly Analysis on the influence of mining development on the ecological environment in Dandong area, and provides the decision basis for development of Castle Peak protection and the control work further.

毛竹含水率的时空动态

为了从水分和营养物质积累与分配的角度探讨毛竹快速生长的机制，在浙江省杭州临安市青山，对5年生、3年生、1年生的毛竹在不同冠层(上、中、下)及不同器官(竹叶、秆、枝、鞭)的含水率进行了测定。结果表明：1) 竹叶的含水率为39%~66%，竹枝为26%~37%，竹秆为29%~46%，竹鞭为47%~60%，其中竹叶含水率最高，其次是竹鞭、秆、枝；2) 毛竹各器官含水率在4、5月份较高，5~6月达到最大值，9月份以后有所下降，10月份有所回升，均呈先升高后降低再回升的趋势。3) 竹秆、枝、叶、鞭各器官平均含水率均随竹龄的增加而减小，在快速生长期即4~5月含水率都呈上升趋势。In order to explore fast growth mechanism of bamboo on the angle of the accumulation and dis-tribution of moisture and nutrients, we determine the moisture content of bamboo at different ages (5 years, 3 years, 1 year) and in different canopys (the upper, middle and lower part) and organs (the leaf, stem, branch and whip) on the Castle peak in Lin’an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. Results show that, firstly, the moisture content of leaves is 39% - 60%; branch is 26% - 37%; stem is 29% - 46%; whip is 47% - 66%. Among them the leaf moisture content is the highest, followed by bamboo whip, stem and branches. Secondly, bamboo moisture content of different organs is higher in April and May. It achieves maximum in May and June, declines in September, and rebounds in October. Thirdly, different organs’ average moisture content of bamboo including stem, branch, leaf, whip all decreases with the increasing age. In the fast growing period which is between April and May, the moisture content is on the rise.

Comparison of initial high resolution computed tomography features in viral pneumonia between metapneumovirus infection and severe acute respiratory syndrome

ObjectiveTo review and compare initial high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in patients with metapneumovirus pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-Coronovirus).Materials and methods4 cases of metapneumovirus pneumonia (mean age of 52.3 years) in an institutional outbreak (Castle Peak Hospital) in 2008 and 38 cases of SARS-coronovirus (mean age of 39.6 years) admitted to Tuen Mun hospital during an epidemic outbreak in 2003 were included. HRCT findings of the lungs for all patients were retrospectively reviewed by two independent radiologists.ResultsIn the metapneumovirus group, common HRCT features were ground glass opacities (100%), consolidation (100%), parenchymal band (100%), bronchiectasis (75%). Crazy paving pattern was absent. They were predominantly subpleural and basal in location and bilateral involvement was observed in 50% of patients. In the SARS group, common HRCT features were ground glass opacities (92.1%), interlobular septal thickening (86.8%), crazy paving pattern (73.7%) and consolidation (68%). Bronchiectasis was not seen. Majority of patient demonstrated segmental or lobar in distribution and bilateral involvement was observed in 44.7% of patients. Pleural effusion and lymphadenopathy were of consistent rare features in both groups.ConclusionGround glass opacities, interlobular septal thickening and consolidations were consistent HRCT manifestations in both metapneumovirus infection and SARS. The presence of bronchiectasis (0% in SARS) may point towards metapneumovirus while crazy paving pattern is more suggestive of SARS.

An Investigation of an RFID-based Patient-Tracking and Mobile Alert System

In the modern era, patient health is no longer the only concern for hospitals. Hospitals have to bear the responsibility of the patient safety and the patient comfort. However, due to the overcrowded and understaffed clinical areas with complex workflow patterns, there are different forms of medical care errors arisen in the healthcare system. According to recent statistic from World Health Organization, ten of milions of patient around the world are injured or dead every yearas a result of incorrect medical care. Rroughly 10% patients admitted to hospital in developed countries suffered some forms of medical care errors or medical adverse events. It is about 1.4 million of world population. In order to enhance the patient safety and patient comfort in the current medical service system, an RFID-based Patient Tracking and Mobile Alert System integrated with information communications technology was designed and developed. Apart from identifying different patient's whereabouts, instant alerts are generated through mobile devices so as to enhance patients' safety and comfort. With a view of investigating the feasibility of RFID and mobile technology in the healthcare environment, a pilot study was conducted in Mindset Club in the Castle Peak Hospital in Hong Kong.

The experience of admission to psychiatric hospital among Chinese adult patients in Hong Kong

BackgroundThe paper reports on a study to evaluate the psychometric properties and cultural appropriateness of the Chinese translation of the Admission Experience Survey (AES).MethodsThe AES was translated into Chinese and back-translated. Content validity was established by focus groups and expert panel review. The Chinese version of the Admission Experience Survey (C-AES) was administered to 135 consecutively recruited adult psychiatric patients in the Castle Peak Hospital (Hong Kong SAR, China) within 48 hours of admission. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the scores from patients admitted voluntarily versus patients committed involuntarily, and those received physical or chemical restraint versus those who did not. The relationship between admission experience and psychopathology was examined by correlating C-AES scores with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores.ResultsSpearman's item-to-total correlations of the C-AES ranged from 0.50 to 0.74. Three factors from the C-AES were extracted using factor analysis. Item 12 was omitted because of poor internal consistency and factor loading. The factor structure of the Process Exclusion Scale (C-PES) corresponded to the English version, while some discrepancies were noted in the Perceived Coercion Scale (C-PCS) and the Negative Pressure Scale (C-NPS). All subscales had good internal consistencies. Scores were significantly higher for patients either committed involuntarily or subjected to chemical or physical restrain, independent on severity of psychotic symptoms.ConclusionThe Chinese AES is a psychometrically sound instrument assessing the three different aspects of the experience of admission, namely "negative pressure, "process exclusion" and "perceived coercion". The potential of C-AES in exploring subjective experience of psychiatric admission and effects on treatment adherence should be further explored.

Palaeoecology of an Early Permian playa lake trace fossil assemblage from Castle Peak, Texas, USA

The Early Permian Choza Formation of the Clear Fork Group at Castle Peak in Texas, USA, contains a diverse and remarkably abundant trace fossil assemblage comprising exquisitely preserved arthropod trackways ( Diplichnites gouldi types A and B, Diplichnites isp. A and B, Lithographus isp. and cf. Kouphichnium isp.), striated trails ( Cruziana problematica) and isolated resting traces ( Rusophycus carbonarius and R. furcosus), surface or shallow subsurface grazing trails or burrows ( Gordia indianensis, Helminthoidichnites tenuis, Treptichnus isp., a nodular trail and unilobate epichnial trails), backfilled deposit-feeding burrows ( Planolites beverleyensis), meniscate backfilled burrows ( Taenidium barretti), horizontal branching networks, and tetrapod trackways ( Dromopus palmatus, Erpetopus willistoni, Varanopus curvidactylus and cf. Amphisauropus isp.). Trace fossils formed in, and around the margins of, a shallow, ephemeral (playa) lake within an alluvial plain, and provide evidence of temporary communities, comprising arthropods, most notably notostracan branchiopod crustaceans, as well as euthycarcinoids, myriapods, insects, and tetrapods, including protorothyridid, captorhinid and araeoscelid reptiles and rare amphibians. Periodic influxes of water into the alluvial plain filled various depressions, creating temporary habitats and flourishes of life and activity. The trace fossil assemblage is typical of the Scoyenia ichnofacies, and is similar to other assemblages from a range of different transitional subaqueous to subaerial settings, indicating that the distribution of trace fossils is not inextricably linked to the depositional setting itself, but rather to the environmental factors that arise. Such diverse trace fossil assemblages probably reflect relatively long-lived ephemeral water bodies, whereas more impoverished examples probably represent shorter-lived ephemeral water bodies. Assemblages such as Castle Peak, with abundant delicate arthropod trackways, probably reflect low energy conditions, conducive to the presence of an abundant vagile epifauna and the preservation of their trackways, whereas assemblages with open vertical burrows tend to lack arthropod trackways and probably reflect higher energy conditions. Trace fossil assemblages dominated by arthropod and tetrapod trackways may represent fleeting preservation windows following sheetfloods on floodplains.

A NEW EARLY SINEMURIAN (JURASSIC) AMMONITE SPECIES FROM THE TASEKO LAKES MAP AREA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

The present study is based on extensive sampling from an olistolith located near Castle Peak in the Taseko Lakes map area (British Columbia, Canada). The fauna is diverse and well preserved and similar to that illustrated from Monte Cetona in Italy by Fucini (1903). Coroniceras ( Paracoroniceras ) mutabile new species is the most abundant species of the assemblage found in the olistolith, where the ammonite association indicates an age corresponding with the Turneri Zone of the Early Sinemurian of the Northwest European zonation. C . ( P .) mutabile apparently complicates the still poorly understood systematics of the genus Coroniceras Hyatt, 1867. According to Corna and Dommergues (1995, p. 26), the genus Coroniceras and its subgenera should be considered as morphologic groups rather than natural taxonomic entities. In our new species, the complex ontogenetic variations in ornament and whorl section make subgeneric attribution difficult. The earliest stages of ontogeny recall the morphology of Eucoroniceras Spath, 1922, whereas in the last whorls C . ( P .) mutabile assumes a Caenisites -like morphology. In spite of this, we consider that this new species increases our understanding of the systematics of the Arietitidae. C . ( P .) mutabile constitutes an interesting intermediate, in terms of stratigraphic position and morphology, between the older Coroniceras of the Semicostatum Zone and the coexistent Caenisites Buckman, 1925. This suggests the existence of a phylogenetic link between these two genera, as supposed by Donovan (1987). The verification of this hypothesis by cladistic analysis constitutes an interesting theme for further research. Our new species also provides valuable new documentation of the age correlative of the Turneri Zone of the Northwest European ammonite zonation, a time interval not well represented in the Jurassic records of the Americas. The new species was found at one locality immediately …

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments and mussel tissues from Hong Kong marine waters

Sediments and green-lipped mussels, Perna viridis, were used to investigate concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Hong Kong’s marine environment. PBDEs have been used extensively over the past two decades as flame retardants in polymer additives for a variety of plastics, computers, furniture, building materials, and fabrics. Many measurements of PBDEs in various environmental matrices have been reported from Belgium, Holland, Japan, Europe and North America, but few measurements are available for the southeast Asian region and Hong Kong. PBDE congeners ( n = 15) were measured in 13 sediments and nine mussel samples, taken from Hong Kong marine waters. The ∑ 15 PBDEs in sediments ranged between 1.7 and 53.6 ng g −1 dry wt, with the highest concentrations located around the most heavily populated areas of Victoria Harbour and Sai Kung, while the lowest concentrations of ∑ 15 PBDEs were found at more remote locations of Sha Tau Kok, Wong Chuk Bay, Castle Peak Bay, and Gold Coast. ∑ 15 PBDEs ranged from 27.0 to 83.7 ng g −1 dry wt of mussel tissues. Although not identical, most of the congeners in sediments were found in mussel tissues, with BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153 and BDE-183 being the most prominent in both matrices. On the basis of a literature survey, the concentrations of PBDEs reported in Hong Kong sediments and mussel tissues are amongst the highest in the world.

Tetrapod footprints of the lower permian choza formation at Castle Peak, Texas

The tetrapod track ichnofauna of the Lower Permian Choza Formation at Castle Peak, Texas, consists after augmentation of sample size and revision of three distinet ichnotaxa:Erpetopus willistoniMoodie, 1929,Varanopus curvidaetylusMoodie, 1929 andDromopus palmatus (Moodie, 1929). These are the tracks of protorothyridis, captorhinomorphs and araeoscelids, respectively. Castle Peak is the type locality of the ichnogeneraErpetopus andVaranopus. With the tetrapod ichnofauna of the Robledo Mountains Formation in New Mexico, the Castle Peak ichnofauna is the second Lower Permian track oecurrence that can be clearly correlated to the marine timescale. Both tetrapod ichnofaunas support assigning an age up to Artinskian to most Lower Permian red-bed tetrapod ichnofaunas of the North American Wolfcampian-Leonardian and the European Rotliegendes. The ichnogeneraBatrachichnus, Limnopus, Amphisauropus, Erpetopus, Varanopus, Dromopus andDimetropus characterize an Artinskian red-bed ichnofauna of Euramerican distribution.

Response to Onalaja and Jainer

International Journal of Geriatric PsychiatryVolume 17, Issue 11 p. 1077-1077 Letter to the Editor Response to Onalaja and Jainer W. C. Chan, Corresponding Author W. C. Chan Psychogeriatric Department, Castle Peak Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong KongPsychogeriatric Department, Castle Peak Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.Search for more papers by this authorL. C. W. Lam, L. C. W. Lam Department of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong KongSearch for more papers by this author W. C. Chan, Corresponding Author W. C. Chan Psychogeriatric Department, Castle Peak Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong KongPsychogeriatric Department, Castle Peak Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.Search for more papers by this authorL. C. W. Lam, L. C. W. Lam Department of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong KongSearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 October 2002 https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.721Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume17, Issue11November 2002Pages 1077-1077 RelatedInformation

Measuring research benefits in an imperfect market: second reply

Agricultural EconomicsVolume 22, Issue 2 p. 127-128 Measuring research benefits in an imperfect market: second reply J.P. Voon, Corresponding Author J.P. Voon Department of Economics, Lingnan College, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong KongE-mail address:jvoon@ln.edu.hk (J.P. Voon).Search for more papers by this author J.P. Voon, Corresponding Author J.P. Voon Department of Economics, Lingnan College, 8 Castle Peak Road, Tuen Mun, Hong KongE-mail address:jvoon@ln.edu.hk (J.P. Voon).Search for more papers by this author First published: 09 August 2005 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00011.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume22, Issue2March 2000Pages 127-128 RelatedInformation

Abstract: The Castle Peak Member of the lower Green River Formation, Antelope Creek Field, Duchesne Co., Utah: An example of the effects of a migrating shoreline on the expression of an open-lacustrine carbonate facies

Abstract: The Castle Peak Member of the lower Green River Formation, Antelope Creek Field, Duchesne Co., Utah: An example of the effects of a migrating shoreline on the expression of an open-lacustrine carbonate facies

The hydrothermal system at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat (West Indies): Characterization and role in the on‐going eruption

Mineralogical, microtextural and geochemical studies have been performed on altered volcanic products from active hydrothermal areas, on phreatic tephra from the 1995 activity and on fragments from older Castle Peak dome and the present (1995–97) dome. The mineral assemblages of the hydrothermal system (primarily silica‐polymorphs) are typical of the upper alteration zone of a high sulfidation system. Volatile and mobile elements chemistry show no evidence of interaction between the hydrothermal system and erupting magmas. These results suggest that the on‐going eruption conduits are isolated from the hydrothermal system due to precipitation of vapor transported silica which drastically reduces the magma degassing through country rocks.

A distributed on-line HV transmission condition monitoring information system

China Light and Power Company Ltd. (CLP) is responsible for supplying electricity to the whole of Hong Kong except Hong Kong Island and Lamma Island. In CLP's Castle Peak power plant, 18 kV and 23 kV electric supplies are generated. The voltage is then stepped up to 400 kV for transmission. The intermediate control between those transformers and the major 400 kV overhead transmission system lies with a standard "one and a half breaker configuration" switching substation. The substation houses single phase encapsulated SF/sub 6/ circuit breakers. In the urban centres, 400 kV substations are installed to step down 400 kV to 132 kV or further to 11 kV for distribution. This paper describes the development of an online distributed information system for monitoring the condition of the whole HV transmission system. The system continuously monitors the status of each circuit breaker (CB) together with important operational parameters, such as duration during making and breaking, operations of hydraulic pumps and SF/sub 6/ gas pressure etc. Each group of CBs is monitored by a stand-alone microcontroller which is interconnected with all other microcontrollers using a local area network with a baud rate of 9,600. The information can be recorded on the hard disk of an onsite microcomputer and further transmitted back to a remote computer for alarm generation and multi-station supervision. The CLP 400 kV substation and the Tsz Wan Shan 400 kV substation are amongst the first targets for development.

Tuen Mun New Town, Hong Kong

Tuen Mun is one of a series of large new towns being developed in Hong Kong's New Territories as part of the Government's strategy of decentralization from the highly congested urban areas of Kowloon and Hong Kong Island. It is located in and around Castle Peak Bay in the west of the Territory, about 30 km from Kowloon. In order to obtain the necessary land to accommodate the town and much of its infrastructure, an extensive reclamation was required in Castle Peak Bay. Additional land was provided by raising fiat low-lying areas and by excavating large terraces into the surrounding mountains and hills. These operations have resulted in more than 1200 ha of new land being formed for the town. More than 30 million cubic metres of dredged and land-won material were used during the reclamation work. The solid geology of the Tuen Mun area is dominated by Mesozoic volcanic and intrusive igneous rocks, mainly comprising andesitic lavas and tufts and fine-medium grained granites. The valley is also underlain in part by Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks. A mantle of weathered material typically overlies the bedrock in most of the area. Superficial deposits occur onshore and offshore and comprise alluvial and marine sequences together with debris flow deposits, which are common in valleys and also as large fans in downslope areas. Debris flow deposits can also occur offshore beneath the recent marine sediments. Numerous land and marine ground investigations have been carried out throughout the development area over a number of years

Early Holocene climate at Castle Peak, southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada

New palynological, radiocarbon, and stable isotope data from Castle Peak in the southern Coast Mountains indicate that the early Holocene climate of southern British Columbia was warmer and perhaps drier than today. Fossil wood fragments are common above timberline at Castle Peak and have yielded 13 radiocarbon ages ranging from 9.1 ka to 8.1 ka. This evidence for higher timberline during the early Holocene is in agreement with pollen data indicating a warmer and possibly longer summer growing season in this area during the early Holocene, and is consistent with theoretical considerations based on Milankovitch forcing of climate change. The oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope composition of fossil wood cellulose is similar to that of living trees in the same area. Growing season relative humidity values derived from the isotopic data provide some support for episodes of dryness at times of elevated timberline, although the majority of paleohumidity estimates fall within the range of modern moisture levels.

‘Oyster-watch’ for monitoring coal ash lagoons in an environmentally sensitive area of Hong Kong

Deep Bay lies in the western New Territories of Hong Kong. It is an environmentally sensitive area with traditional oyster farming communities and the unique Mai Po Marshes, a nature reserve of international importance. The Bay and its catchment area are faced with many large scale developments, one of which has been the introduction of lagoons for disposal of ash from the recently completed Castle Peak Power Station, one of the World's largest coal fired installations. The paper describes the environmental assessment and planning stages of the lagoon project, highlighting the particular design decisions which were taken from a pollution control point of view. Subsequent operation of the lagoons has been accompanied by a comprehensive monitoring programme including toxic metals analyses of experimental oysters cultivated in the Bay. The rationale behind the choice of methodology is explained and the monitoring data, now available from some three years of surveillance, is discussed both in terms of its primary objective and the wider perspective of Deep Bay developments as a whole.