Casino Industry Research Articles

Evaluating the Ecological Association of Casino Industry Economic Development on Community Health Status

Objectives of this study were to examine for associations of casino industry economic development on improving community health status and funding for public health services in two counties in the Mississippi Delta Region of the United States. An ecological approach was used to evaluate whether two counties with casino gaming had improved health status and public health funding in comparison with two noncasino counties in the same region with similar social, racial, and ethic backgrounds. Variables readily available from state health department records were used to develop a logic model for guiding analytical work. A linear regression model was built using a stepwise approach and hierarchical regression principles with many dependent variables and a set of fixed and nonfixed independent variables. County-level data for 23 variables over an 11-year period were used. Overall, this study found a lack of association between the presence of a casino and desirable health outcomes or funding for public health services. Changes in the environment were made to promote health by utilizing gaming revenues to build state-of-the-art community health and wellness centers and sports facilities. However, significant increases in funding for local public health services were not found in either of the counties with casinos. These findings are relevant for policy makers when debating economic development strategies. Analysis similar to this should be combined with other routine public health assessments after implementation of development strategies to increase knowledge of health outcome trends and shifts in socioeconomic position that may be expected to accrue from economic development projects.

Casino Industry in Asia Pacific: Development, Operation, Impact

Casino Industry in Asia Pacific: Development, Operation, Impact

Congress Makes Sausages

Gaming Law ReviewVol. 11, No. 1 Gambling and the Law®Congress Makes SausagesI. Nelson RoseI. Nelson RoseSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:22 Feb 2007https://doi.org/10.1089/glr.2006.11101AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byPerformance driven outcomes—the case of frontline employees in the hospitality sector25 June 2018 | Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, Vol. 28, No. 1Role of Internal Marketing on Employees’ Perceived Job Performance in an Asian Integrated Resort18 September 2015 | Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, Vol. 25, No. 5Human resource management, services and relationship marketing: the potential for cross-fertilisation21 January 2015 | Journal of Strategic Marketing, Vol. 23, No. 6Quality of work life and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employeesInternational Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 27, No. 5Relationships Among Burnout, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover of Casino Employees in Macau30 April 2014 | Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, Vol. 24, No. 4Can a socially responsible casino better retain its management staff? From an internal customer perspectiveAsia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Vol. 26, No. 4With or Without You? Building a Case for Further MICE (Meetings, Incentive Travel, Conventions, Exhibitions) Development in Macao8 August 2014 | Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, Vol. 15, No. 3Minding the gap in the gaming industryInternational Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 26, No. 1Effect of Internal Market Orientation on Organizational Performance: The Case of Macao's Gaming IndustryInternational Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, Vol. 14, No. 3Work Stress Among Casino Industry Supervisors in Macao CasinosInternational Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, Vol. 14, No. 2Internal Marketing: Exploring the Impact of Cultural and Language Issues6 February 2013Examining the impacts of community and organization embeddedness on self-initiated expatriates: the moderating role of expatriate-dominated private sectorThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 23, No. 20Working in Macau Casinos: The Perceptions of Hong Kong Tertiary Students Majoring in HospitalityAsia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, Vol. 14, No. 4Casino customers in Asian versus western gaming jurisdictionsWorldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, Vol. 1, No. 4Optimising the internal value chain: Principles and practicesJournal of Management & Organization, Vol. 14, No. 2Gambling and the Law®: Regulators Punt on Proposed Internet Gaming Regulations I. Nelson Rose26 February 2008 | Gaming Law Review, Vol. 12, No. 1The Incredible Shrinking Opposition: Rationales for the U.S. I-Gaming Jihad Grow Weaker Despite New Prohibition Laws Martin D. Owens25 June 2007 | Gaming Law Review, Vol. 11, No. 3 Volume 11Issue 1Feb 2007 InformationMary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:I. Nelson Rose.Congress Makes Sausages.Gaming Law Review.Feb 2007.1-3.http://doi.org/10.1089/glr.2006.11101Published in Volume: 11 Issue 1: February 22, 2007PDF download

Gambling in America, By EarlGrinols. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. 232. $45.00. ISBN 0521830133.

[Author Affiliation]Georgia CollegeBy Earl Grinols.Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. 232. $45.00. ISBN 0521830133.Professor Grinols has been involved in the casino gambling debate in the United States since the early 1990s. Even before much empirical data were available, Grinols was staunch opponent of legalized casinos. His recent book, which discusses casino gambling only, builds on his previous publications and continues his antigambling tradition.In the introductory chapters, Grinols provides history of gambling in the United States, noting that most states had constitutional bans on gambling in 1900. Only 100 years later, the ban on gambling has been reversed in most states. Grinols discusses the development of the casino industry, the politics behind it (chapter 3), and notes that the industry would be ordinary were it not for the fact that casino gambling, particularly by problem or pathological gamblers, may cause externalities.Beginning in chapter 4, Grinols discusses various aspects of the casino industry. Since gambling began spreading in the United States outside of Nevada and New Jersey (1991-present), there have been variety of economic impact studies. Grinols correctly notes that many of these have been seriously flawed. The studies, which are frequently funded by the casino industry, often argue that the number of jobs provided by the casino industry is proxy for the benefits of casinos. (Tax revenue is the other major selling point for politicians considering legalizing casinos.) Grinols correctly points that more jobs do not necessarily imply that development follows. In many cases, the new casino jobs may just other jobs in the community. The effect of new casinos on labor markets is an issue that has not received adequate attention in the literature.Grinols makes the argument that casinos act like restaurants and do not attract outside dollars to the community. As result, casinos cannibalize other industries. Furthermore, if the casino's corporate headquarters is outside the community, this money leaves the local economy, thus providing no benefit to the community. If instead, casinos acted like factories, where outsiders came and spent their money, and the money remained in the local economy, there could be an growth effect from casinos, like in Las Vegas. This argument is reminiscent of mercantilism, which focuses on the inflow of money. Obviously, tourism can play an important part of an economy, but exports are not necessary for development to occur.In chapter 5, Grinols develops formal cost-benefit model of gambling. Items included on the benefits side of the ledger include net increase in profits measured across all businesses, net increase in taxes measured across all taxpayers, consumer surplus, consumer surplus, capital gains to consumers induced by the activity, and gains from relaxation or elimination of nonprice constraints on consumer choices (p. 97). Only the item real resources consumed to deal with harmful externalities appears on the cost side.Grinols simply drops consumer surplus from the analysis, and explains a reasonable first approximation is that the net effect of casino on capital gains and consumer surplus considerations is small. If firm and household prices are invariant to the amount of gambling..., capital gains on endowments and consumer surplus drop out (p. 107). This treatment of consumer surplus seems odd. Grinols argues that the only benefit from having new casinos in state is distance consumer surplus; because the gambler does not have to travel as far to casino, their costs of consumption are lower. Should not the first casino in Mississippi, for example, be treated as new product or brand of entertainment in that market? There is an entire literature (e. …

Estimating the Impact of Illicit Drugs Use on Gambling Behavior: Evidence from the U.S. Casino Industry and Drugs Arrests

Little is known about the impact of illicit drugs use on economic decision-making, yet the associated costs are likely large. The paper addresses this gap by studying the U.S. casino industry and conservatively estimates that a drugs-using gambler loses almost three times more money than the average gambler ($1,217 vs. $443 annually). To reach these conclusions, I use state-fixed effects panel estimations for 11 casino states for the period 1998-2004. Since drug-related arrests are associated with the presence of casino activity, I use arrests for the possession of drugs by adults in or near counties with casino activity as a proxy for the number of illicit drugs-using gamblers. I find robust evidence that state-level casino gambling revenues (per casino employee and per casino visit) are positively associated with these drugs possession arrests, even after controlling for the scale of casino activity, state-level (drugs) arrests and other regional characteristics. I use an instrumental variable approach to address endogeneity concerns.

Evolution of Macao’s Casino Industry from Monopoly to Oligopoly: Social and Economic Reconsideration

(2006). Evolution of Macao’s Casino Industry from Monopoly to Oligopoly: Social and Economic Reconsideration. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 967-990.

The making of the global gambling industry: An application and extension of field theory

The past two decades have seen a global convergence from gambling prohibition to legalization, but also a divergence regarding how new gambling industries are structured and regulated. This article compares two cases of casino legalization exhibiting different and, given conventional understandings of the two countries, unexpected outcomes. In the United States, ethnic entrepreneurs (Indian tribes) were granted a monopoly on casinos in California; in South Africa, the new ANC government legalized a competitive, corporate casino industry. Through explaining these disparate industry structurings, two arguments are advanced. First, Bourdieu's field theory best describes the interests and strategies of industry “players” as they attempted to shape policy. Second, Bourdieu neglects the independent role of institutions in mediating between field-level dynamics and concrete regulatory outcomes. In California, Tribes converted economic into political capital through a public election. In South Africa, the ANC used a centralized commission to implement corporate gambling over public opposition, in essence converting political into economic capital. By viewing policy domains as “dramaturgical prisms” whose sign–production tools and audiences facilitate certain but not other capital conversion projects, I both explain unexpected regulatory outcomes and synthesize field and political process theories.

The relationship between institutional ownership and casino firm performance

This study examined the relationship between institutional ownership and firm performance in the casino industry from 1999–2003. Given the evidence of the endogeneity of institutional ownership in the casino industry, institutional ownership was found to be a significant and positive determinant of casino firm performance as measured by a proxy for Tobin's Q in a simultaneous equations system. This study reveals that investing institutionally in casino firms may help casino industry investors mitigate the agency problem caused by the separation of management from ownership. In addition, financial institutions tend to invest in larger casino firms with lower financial leverage.

A Harvard Professor and a Casino in Las Vegas

This is a case of how for the first time Customer Relationship Management has been used in the casino industry. Harrah's Entertainment Inc. had many casinos in US but it was difficult for it to compete with giants like MGM Mirage etc. since they spent a lot of money on glamour and pomp. The CEO of Harrah's brought in an Associate Professor at Harvard to help him device a strategy to increase their profits. The professor who had never stepped into a casino before brought about a turnaround of sorts by increasing the earnings from the same customers by using a unique strategy.

Estimating the Short-Term Effect of Free-Play Offers in a Las Vegas Hotel Casino

A direct mail offer, common to the casino industry, is analyzed using performance data obtained from the player database of a Las Vegas Strip hotel casino. These free-play offers, fueled by technological advances in player tracking systems, attempt to encourage repeat patronage by offering cash awards and free room nights. Despite compulsory play requirements, these popular offers fail to generate a statistically significant increase in individual trip slot volume. This result held across two levels of the offer, i.e., both $50 and $100 cash offers. Once offer costs are considered, the free-play campaign is found to produce negative cash flows. Related long-term issues, such as the inducement of increased visitation and polygamous loyalty, are also addressed. These unique results enrich both the casino marketing and direct marketing literature bases. Most importantly, this paper represents the only empirical study of a popular play incentive, increasing its practical value to casino operators.

Gambling Politics: State Government and the Business of Betting

Gambling Politics: State Government and the Business of Betting. By Patrick A. Pierce and Donald E. Miller. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004. 240p. 19.95 paper.The traditional wisdom regarding the decision to adopt a lottery was that state policymakers turned to lotteries in an effort to avoid raising taxes. Yet at least one seminal study (Frances Stokes Berry and William Berry, “State Lottery Adoptions as Policy Innovations: An Event History Analysis,” American Political Science Review 84 [1990]: 395–415) suggests that such adoptions are most likely when the fiscal health of the state is relatively strong, among other things. These findings present some interesting and somewhat perplexing questions for those who study the gambling industry. If fiscal health of the state does not have a substantial impact on gambling adoptions, why then are the political battles surrounding those adoptions so often framed in terms of revenues? The revenues generated by even the most successful state lotteries and casinos are relatively small when compared to traditional taxes, such as sales and income tax (with the noteworthy exception of Nevada casinos, which have historically generated substantial portions of that state's total revenue). An important area for policy research is whether casinos are being viewed by states primarily as revenue generators or in some other terms. In the case of casinos, much of the discussion in some states has centered on the economic development possibilities of the casino industry.

Casino Politics, Organized Crime and the Post-Colonial State in Macau

Organized crime and politics have been traditionally intertwined in Macau. During the colonial era, the Portuguese administration was characterized by bureaucratic corruption and a cozy relationship with casino capitalists. The colonial state had limited autonomy vis-à-vis the casino capitalists. With the growth of tourism and the associated casino industry in Macau during the 1990s, organized crime groups penetrated various casinos and emerged as a baffling problem. Yet, neither the Portuguese administration nor the casino capitalists had the capability to contain the use of violence by organized crime groups. As Macau approached the end of the Portuguese colonial rule, the People's Republic of China (PRC) decided to intervene in the rapidly deteriorating law and order. The Chinese intervention took the forms of stationing the People's Liberation Army in the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR), penalizing the triad boss Wan Kuok-kuoi, and supporting the new Edmund Ho Government's attempts at civil service reforms. The SAR Government also liberalized the casino industry by embracing American investment. Due to market competition, the local casino capitalists have been forced to improve the management of casinos and to minimize the infiltration of triads. Unlike the colonial state, the post-colonial state in the Macau SAR has enhanced its relative autonomy vis-à-vis the local casino capitalists, directly or indirectly curbing the detrimental impact of organized crime. The case study of Macau is illustrative of the critical role of state autonomy vis-à-vis casino capitalists, whose previous monopoly over casino management encountered the infiltration of organized crime that grasped the opportunities for maximizing profits in the era of the rapidly expanding casino industry. The Macau example also demonstrates the city-state's use of market competition as a means to improve casino management and to contain the spread of organized crime at least in the short run.

Casinos and Conventions

ABSTRACT The casino industry has always relied on the leisure traveler whose primary motivation is to gamble. Thus, one would expect the casino and convention industries to operate in totally different arenas. This was the case until the mid-1990s. Today, the casino industry is embracing the convention industry and constructing facilities to meet the needs of the convention and meeting attendee. This article starts by setting up the framework for this dichotomy between the two industries by tracing the history of casino gaming in the U.S. Discussion leads to a review of how and why there was a lack of conventions/meetings business in both Las Vegas and Atlantic City. The article then goes on to review specific development of the conventions/meetings business in Las Vegas, Atlantic City, and other jurisdictions. It concludes with a prognosis about the future along with opportunities for future research.

Legalization of Casino Industry and Kansai Economy

Legalization of Casino Industry and Kansai Economy

Perceptions of Cannibalization: What Is the Real Effect of Casinos on Restaurants?

Gaming Law ReviewVol. 8, No. 4 Original ArticlesPerceptions of Cannibalization: What Is the Real Effect of Casinos on Restaurants?George G. Fenich and Kathryn HashimotoGeorge G. FenichSearch for more papers by this author and Kathryn HashimotoSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:14 Oct 2004https://doi.org/10.1089/glr.2004.8.247AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byPublic health effects of gambling – debate on a conceptual model9 August 2019 | BMC Public Health, Vol. 19, No. 1Creating Legal Versus Illegal Gambling Businesses: How Proper Government Regulation Makes a Difference25 August 2017Research on the casino industry Volume 8Issue 4Aug 2004 InformationCopyright 2004, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:George G. Fenich and Kathryn Hashimoto.Perceptions of Cannibalization: What Is the Real Effect of Casinos on Restaurants?.Gaming Law Review.Aug 2004.247-259.http://doi.org/10.1089/glr.2004.8.247Published in Volume: 8 Issue 4: October 14, 2004PDF download

CEO Compensation Determinants in the Casino Industry

In an attempt to find out how the casino industry may improve its executive compensation structure to enhance shareholder wealth, this article examines determinants of cash compensation of chief executive officers (CEO) of casino firms. Based on the data of publicly traded U.S. casino companies from 1995 through 1999, this study found CEO cash compensation positively correlated with profitability, firm size, debt leverage, and stock options but negatively associated with assets turnover. The results suggest that to better align CEO incentives with shareholder interests and thus maximize shareholder wealth, casino firms should tie executive pay to revenue efficiency and make stock performance a significant factor in determining executive pay.

Measuring the impact of casino proceeds on total per pupil expenditures for education in Mississippi

The Mississippi Legislature adopted casino gaming in 1990 for the purpose of curing financial ills that have long plagued the Magnolia state. Local policy makers were given the opportunity to tax the casino industry at 3.2 percent of gaming wins, with an additional .8 percent if these local government stakeholders deemed it necessary to extract additional supplemental revenue from the casino industry. One program designated as a beneficiary of this revenue-generating source was education. This paper borrows research techniques from the lottery literature in an effort to measure the impact of casino gaming dollars on per pupil spending in Mississippi. The conclusions reached by this research suggests that the thirteen school districts receiving casino proceeds for education are significantly benefiting from this supplemental source of revenue.

Service and Surveillance: Infrapolitics at Work among Casino Cocktail Waitresses

With its surveillance mechanisms, tipping system, and sexualized environment, the casino industry is an intriguing site for a gendered diagnostics of workplace politics. Drawing on 18 months of participant observation at three casinos, I argue that managers, coworkers, and customers attempt to control waitress appearance and behavior through surveillance, gendered hegemony, and financial incentives. Cocktail waitresses resist in subtle forms—“infrapolitics” and occasionally collective action. Feminist research, to consider women such as cocktail waitresses as multidimensional actors, must both avoid a common binary between sexual and nonsexual gendered work and take into consideration women’s own subjectivities. Feminist workplace ethnography is particularly well suited to help us understand women workers’ experiences of power and modes of resistance.

Coffee Shop Meets Casino: Cultural Responses to Casino Tourism in Northern Cyprus

Taking the case of northern Cyprus, this paper moves beyond a 'social impact' approach to casino tourism to focus on how the rapidly growing global casino industry connects with, mediates and is mediated by, the existing local gambling culture. Gambling has an ambivalent place within the cultural values and traditions of Cyprus. On the one hand, it is seen as a disreputable and somewhat shameful activity with potentially anti-social (and, particularly, anti-family) consequences. On the other hand, when viewed in terms of qualities of risk-taking, daring and recklessness, it is celebrated in some ideals of Cypriot masculinity and the rebellious, independent and individualistic spirit of 'Cypriotness'. This ambivalent attitude produces a tension, which can be perceived, for example, in gender-differentiated attitudes to and participation in gambling and in the manner in which social controls on gambling are exercised (both formal/legal and informal controls). The paper considers the implications for the ways gambling is managed in the traditional and casino contexts and for our understanding of what constitutes 'cultural sustainability'.

The Revolving Door between the Casino Industry and its Regulating Agencies

Gaming Law ReviewVol. 7, No. 3 Original PapersThe Revolving Door between the Casino Industry and its Regulating AgenciesChristopher WansleyChristopher WansleySearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:6 Jul 2004https://doi.org/10.1089/109218803766651502AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 7Issue 3Jun 2003 To cite this article:Christopher Wansley.The Revolving Door between the Casino Industry and its Regulating Agencies.Gaming Law Review.Jun 2003.215-219.http://doi.org/10.1089/109218803766651502Published in Volume: 7 Issue 3: July 6, 2004PDF download