Practical Cases Research Articles

Analysis of the Development of Datong Tourism Industry from the Perspective of the Black Myth Wukong

The explosive fire of the black myth Wukong is not only its technical production, but also its stunning location. This paper is going to explore six of these tourist venues and Datong, a city full of tourism consumption potential. The relationship between tourism and urban development will be explored through practical cases. This paper will refer to national policies and discuss related topics of tourism and urban transformation. And put forward ways to expand the international market. Datong has the most locations for the black myth of Wukong with six. At the same time, in the process of the transformation of Datong from an energy-based economic city, tourism needs to publicize Datong in the process of playing its advantages in promoting economic growth. This paper not only analyzes the benefits in other similar Internet celebrity tourism cities, but also analyzes the new opportunities in the continuous improvement of the transportation network.

The Markov chain embedding problem in a one-jump setting

Abstract The embedding problem of Markov chains examines whether a stochastic matrix $\mathbf{P} $ can arise as the transition matrix from time 0 to time 1 of a continuous-time Markov chain. When the chain is homogeneous, it checks if $ \mathbf{P}=\exp{\mathbf{Q}}$ for a rate matrix $ \mathbf{Q}$ with zero row sums and non-negative off-diagonal elements, called a Markov generator. It is known that a Markov generator may not always exist or be unique. This paper addresses finding $ \mathbf{Q}$ , assuming that the process has at most one jump per unit time interval, and focuses on the problem of aligning the conditional one-jump transition matrix from time 0 to time 1 with $ \mathbf{P}$ . We derive a formula for this matrix in terms of $ \mathbf{Q}$ and establish that for any $ \mathbf{P}$ with non-zero diagonal entries, a unique $ \mathbf{Q}$ , called the ${\unicode{x1D7D9}}$ -generator, exists. We compare the ${\unicode{x1D7D9}}$ -generator with the one-jump rate matrix from Jarrow, Lando, and Turnbull (1997), showing which is a better approximate Markov generator of $ \mathbf{P}$ in some practical cases.

The story of the green PM

The book review introduces the concept of the Green PMO (Project Management Office), an initiative led by Eman Deabil to integrate sustainability into project management practices. It explores how the Green PMO was conceived, driven by global challenges like climate change and social inequalities, and developed into a collaborative book involving professionals from over 20 countries. The Green PMO provides practical frameworks, strategies, and case studies to help PMOs embed sustainability in their operations. By uniting project managers globally, it aims to drive meaningful, lasting change while fostering thought leadership and networking opportunities in sustainable project management.

Research on Deflection Risk Assessment for Steel Box Girder Bridges Based on GA-BP Neural Network

Steel box girder bridges constitute a pivotal structural component in modern bridge engineering, confronting intricate mechanical environments and dynamic conditions during construction, with a particularly notable risk of deflection. Risk assessments predominantly rely on traditional mechanical analyses and empirical judgments, which need help to fully capture the dynamic construction changes and latent risks. This study introduces an innovative risk assessment methodology grounded in finite element analysis (FEA) and optimized by a genetic algorithm-enhanced back propagation neural network (GA-BP) to address these limitations. This approach entails constructing an FEA model to precisely simulate and predict the mechanical behavior during the construction phase, with field data validation ensuring the model’s accuracy. The GA-BP assessment model is established by further incorporating the genetic algorithm to optimize the BP neural network, enabling comprehensive, systematic, and efficient risk assessment. Through practical application case studies, this methodology demonstrates the ability to accurately identify the critical risk factors influencing deflection during the construction phase of steel box girder bridges, providing a scientific basis for construction control. This research holds significant theoretical value and practical significance, and it offers a scientific foundation for risk management, construction optimization, and safety assurance in future bridge engineering projects, thereby enhancing the overall quality and safety of bridges.

Comparative Analysis of Common Structural Systems for Pedestrian Bridges in Kuwait

Introduction Pedestrian bridges are crucial urban infrastructure, providing safe passage over roads, railways, and waterways. Different structural systems like trusses, steel girders, and reinforced concrete beams are used, but more research is needed to determine the best design for specific regional contexts. Methods This research paper presents a comparison of various structural systems for pedestrian bridges, with a focus on a practical case study in Kuwait. The study evaluates five common pedestrian bridge designs: steel, concrete, and three truss arrangements. The designs were assessed based on multiple criteria, such as cost, construction time, structural weight, carbon emissions, and vibration performance. Using a decision-making matrix (DMM) and engineering judgment, Truss 3 (X-bracings without verticals) was identified as the optimal design. It features a unique bracing system that enhances its properties. Truss 3 was found to be the lightest design at 561.6 kN, with moderate CO2 emissions of 64.2 tons and a cost of 4288.5 KD per span. Detailed design and safety checks were conducted using ETABS software. The final design was detailed and presented using Autodesk Revit. Results The findings highlight the importance of using integrated frameworks and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to select suitable structural systems that meet technical and regional sustainability goals. Conclusion This research aims to provide a robust solution tailored to the unique conditions of Kuwait, ensuring safety, efficiency, and sustainability for pedestrian bridge infrastructure.

Risk Assessment of Small-Diameter Shield Construction in a Deep Drainage Tunnel Based on an ISM–CRITIC–Cloud Model

The deep drainage tunnel project is an important measure to alleviate urban waterlogging. The construction of a deep drainage tunnel is a complicated process, involving many influencing factors, and there are correlations among these influencing factors, so the risk assessment is difficult. In this study, the ISM method, CRITIC method and cloud model are combined to build a risk assessment model for the small-diameter shield construction of a deep drainage tunnel. Firstly, the risk index system of small-diameter shield construction in a deep drainage tunnel is put forward. Secondly, the ISM method is used to divide the risk indicators and extract the key risk factors. Then, these key risk factors are weighted with the CRITIC method, and the cloud model is used to evaluate the construction risk of a small-diameter shield of a deep drainage tunnel. Finally, the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by a practical case. It was found that the risk assessment method proposed in this study can not only effectively assess the level of security risk, but also identify the key risk factors and rank the importance of these factors. The results of this study can reduce the interference items and workload of risk assessment to a certain extent, and help provide managers with an accurate decision-making basis.

Environmental Pollution and Extraction Methods of Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Water

Antibiotics are widely used to treat diseases such as bacterial infections. However, the abuse of antibiotics has led to the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria and intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes, making China one of the countries with the highest incidence of antibiotic resistance and thus threatening public health. Extracellular antibiotic resistance genes, as one of the novel environmental pollutants, could exist in water for a long time and could be transmitted between different bacteria through horizontal gene transfer, resulting in the spread of antibiotic resistance. At present, due to the limitation of enrichment and recovery methods, the in-depth studies of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water have been rarely reported. Thus, it is impossible to carry out effective supervision and risk assessments. Based on literature analysis and investigation, the pollution sources, current situations, and characteristics of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water are expounded. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of their enrichment and recovery methods are compared and analyzed and the enrichment and recovery methods are verified and discussed through practical cases. These provide theoretical reference for studies such as examining extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in water on their transmission and provide a technical basis for antibiotic resistance control and health risk assessments of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes.

Innovative Strategies for Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Language Laboratory Teaching in the Context of Educational Modernization

With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence has risen in the field of education, bringing new opportunities and challenges to language laboratory teaching. This study aims to explore effective strategies for language laboratory teaching from the perspective of artificial intelligence to improve teaching quality. Through theoretical analysis and practical cases, the application principles, personalized learning theories and strategy applications of artificial intelligence in language laboratory teaching are elaborated, including the innovative application of intelligent teaching platforms and the use of intelligent evaluation and feedback mechanisms. The practical effects of artificial intelligence in language laboratory teaching are analyzed, such as improving learning efficiency and effectiveness and creating rich learning resources and environments. Finally, the research conclusions are summarized, and the future research directions are prospected, including technological innovation and integration, deepening of personalized learning, transformation and development of teachers' roles, and education equity and popularization.

THE IMPACT OF AI TOWARDS STUDENT’S SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUITITION

The rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology have introduced transformative methods in various fields, including second language acquisition (SLA). This study aims to examine the impact of AI-based tools and platforms on the process of learning a second language, focusing on their effectiveness, challenges, and pedagogical implications. The research employs a qualitative descriptive methodology, incorporating a thorough review of relevant literature and case studies. Data collection involves analyzing academic journals, reports, and practical use cases of AI-based language learning applications such as Duolingo and Babbel. Thematic analysis is utilized to organize data into core themes, including the personalization of learning, feedback mechanisms, and cultural context adaptation. The findings reveal that AI provides significant benefits in SLA by enabling personalized learning experiences and offering instant, adaptive feedback tailored to individual learners. However, challenges such as the inability of AI to fully understand cultural nuances and ethical concerns surrounding data privacy persist. These insights underline the need for strategic integration of AI in education, emphasizing a balance between technological potential and the human aspects of language learning. This study contributes to the growing body of research on AI in education, offering practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and developers to harness AI's potential effectively in enhancing second language acquisition.

Innovation and Practice of Vocational Skill Appraisal Management Mode in the Electric Power Industry

In response to the current situation and existing problems of the vocational skill appraisal management mode in the electric power industry, a new practical scheme is proposed in this paper. By constructing a diversified evaluation system, implementing intelligent management methods, and strengthening the effective connection between vocational skill training and appraisal, an innovative management mode is constructed. Combined with practical case analysis, the practical effects and significance of the new management mode in the electric power industry are elaborated.

An Evolutionary Modular Product Development Under Circular Economy Approach

The incorporation of new technologies and materials, as well as the rapid evolution of products, makes it necessary to guide the product design and development process from bio-inspired perspectives that promote a circular economy. Among the proposals based on a bio-inspired solution is the framework called the Genomic Model of Eco-innovation and Eco-design, which integrates the Cradle-to-Cradle paradigm, material and substance flow analysis, along with all aspects present in the life cycle analysis of products. In this work, innovation is carried out through the integration of genetic algorithms as a methodological tool for optimizing the modular product design in the definition of the genotype within the aforementioned framework. Through a systematic approach, it analyzes how the modular reconfiguration of products, based on circular design principles and genetic optimization, can contribute to a significant reduction in resource use and waste generation. The proposed methodology is applied to a practical case based on the redesign of a small household appliance, demonstrating its potential to facilitate the implementation of circular economy strategies in the early stages of the product design and development process for studying product modularity, with the aims of improving its design and reducing its impact.

Enhancing Security in Bring Your Own Device Environments (BYOD) with Trusted Platform Modules, Continuous Monitoring, and Hardware Security Modules

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies have transformed organizational workflows, offering flexibility, cost savings, and increased employee satisfaction. However, they also introduce significant security challenges due to device heterogeneity, inconsistent security configurations, and increased attack surfaces. This paper proposes a comprehensive security framework tailored to BYOD environments, integrating Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs) for device attestation, Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) for secure key management, continuous monitoring for real-time threat detection, and dynamic access control to enforce adaptive security policies. Practical use cases, such as securing remote work and employee devices, are discussed, along with challenges and future directions for improving adaptability and cost efficiency in deploying the framework. Keywords: Bring Your Own Device security, Trusted Platform Module, Hardware Security Module, device attestation, continuous monitoring, hardware tampering detection.

Unproven added benefit due to late changes to the appropriate comparator therapy

As part of the early benefit assessment, the added benefit of new medicinal products protected by documentation is assessed in comparison to the appropriate comparator therapy (ACT). At the request of the pharmaceutical company (MAH), the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) discusses the documents to be submitted and the ACT. The G-BA can adjust the zVT determined in the course of a consultation over time. This can also be done after the start of a benefit assessment. In this paper, examples are presented that show how the change of the zVT in the ongoing benefit assessment procedure can lead to a usable randomised controlled trial (RCT) not being considered by the G-BA, which in turn leads to an unproven added benefit. Results: In this analysis, four practical cases were presented in which the manufacturer was confronted with the situation of an unsuitable study comparator due to a zVT amendment in the ongoing benefit assessment procedure. For example, drugs for the treatment of head and neck tumours, multiple sclerosis or chronic rhinosinusitis were denied the additional benefit initially determined by the Institute for Efficiency and Quality in Health Care (IQWiG) in the procedure in the final G-BA decision due to short-term changes to the zVT.

LAMP: to shed light on AADL models

LAMP is an introspective analysis and processing framework for AADL. With LAMP, exploration, verification, transformation or any other processing rules are directly embedded inside the AADL model as annex subclauses. LAMP is based on the underlying LMP (Logic Model Processing) technology that itself leverages the Prolog language and a Prolog inference engine. This paper illustrates the use of LAMP by five practical use cases addressing some of the most important design issues in critical real-time software development.

Modeling the Urban Low-Altitude Traffic Space Based on the Land Administration Domain Model—Case Studies in Shenzhen, China

The urban low-altitude airspace is an integral part of urban space. As low-altitude utilization activities are being performed closer to the land surface, the management of the low-altitude space has become a focus of land administration. The management of the low-altitude airspace faces challenges such as cross-departmental coordination, fuzzy airspace boundaries, and complex spatial expressions. In 2020, the concept of “3D land administration” was introduced, marking the emergence of three-dimensional geospatial regulation in land management practices. Semantic models featuring the LADM (Land Administration Domain Model) as their core are updated iteratively to promote various applications related to 3D geographic regulation, but there is still a gap in the research on low-altitude utilization. Drawing upon Chinese regulations and policies, this paper employs the LADM framework to achieve semantic descriptions and expressions for managing areas in the low-altitude airspace: (1) relevant policies governing low-altitude spaces in China are analyzed, and the boundary between low-altitude and surface management is discussed; (2) the LADM structure is utilized to establish a comprehensive model for regulating low-altitude spaces; (3) and the capability of the LADM to support 3D low-altitude modeling is demonstrated through practical use cases in Shenzhen, China. Finally, the paper provides a comprehensive overview of the avenues for improvement and prospects.

Challenges and Potentials for “Supporting Supporters” on Education: A Practical and Rapid Case Study of the Centralized Information Portal Site in the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake

Challenges and Potentials for “Supporting Supporters” on Education: A Practical and Rapid Case Study of the Centralized Information Portal Site in the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake

Hollow amorphous N-doped TiO2 microspheres with uniform shell thickness and high carrier separation efficiency for photocatalytic of high-concentration Cr(VI)

Due to the low quantum efficiency, pure N-doped TiO2 (NTO) is still ineffective for catalyzing high concentrations of pollutants. In this study, a novel hollow amorphous NTO photocatalyst (AH-NTO) was synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and applied to photocatalysis of high-concentration chromium-containing wastewater. The hollow structure was constructed using a three-dimensional Fe3O4 template, and the shell layer thickness changed regularly compared to the stirring method, suggesting that ultrasound contributes to the formation of a uniform shell. Meanwhile, the low crystallization kinetics induced by the ultrasound-assisted low-temperature hydrolysis process enhance the generation and stability of amorphous NTO. Characterization of the system demonstrated that the hollow amorphous structure improved visible-light utilization efficiency (∼70% light transmittance) and specific surface area (182.95 m2·g-1). Furthermore, the optimal photocatalyst exhibited a high photogenerated carrier signal (0.231 μA·cm-2), low interface resistance (374.8 Ω), and a strong oxygen vacancy signal (∼0.38 a.u.), which provides favorable conditions for the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers. Based on these properties, the photocatalyst effectively treated wastewater containing 0.274 g·L-1 of Cr(VI). The removal efficiency decreased by only 0.18% over five consecutive cycles, demonstrating excellent cycle stability and activity. Therefore, this work provides a practical case for treating high-concentration pollutants.

Flexible regulation of airport air-conditioning systems: Impact of cooling load variations on temperature stability

The integration of renewable energy sources has led to notable supply-demand imbalances due to their intermittent nature. Air-conditioning systems, as significant energy consumers with considerable flexibility, play a crucial role in integrating renewable energy and regulating power systems. This paper delves into the capability of air-conditioning systems in airports to flexibly adjust, particularly examining how varying cooling loads impact indoor temperatures. The energy flexibility of the air-conditioning system is evaluated based on three fundamental cooling load variations (incremental, translational, and discrete), and several evaluation parameters are defined. For areas with smaller cooling load fluctuations, there is a greater adjustment margin, but long adjustment periods should be avoided. For areas with larger fluctuations, the original cooling load curve should be considered in the adjustment strategy. The simulation results show that advancing or delaying the supply by 1 hour during peak cooling load periods can ensure indoor temperature stability, and step-type cooling load curves do not adversely affect indoor comfort levels. Practical case studies further demonstrate that utilizing water storage as an active regulation strategy can reduce operational costs by 26%, and with flexible adjustments, this reduction can increase to 35-54%. The study offers a framework to optimize air-conditioning flexibility in airports, facilitating better renewable energy integration and grid stability, which holds significant potential to reduce costs and improve energy efficiency, thus contributing to sustainable energy management.

Sustainable pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning using the quantum cognitive trust network

Selecting appropriate pavement maintenance strategies can enhance resource efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, prolong road lifespan, and improve societal sustainability. Currently, most models, which selecting pavement maintenance options, exhibit high subjectivity and low reliability. This study employs an innovative probabilistic linguistic multi-attribute decision-making model basing on the quantum cognitive theory. Therefore, the model focuses on expert decision-making groups for pavement maintenance strategies. It considers the trust networks within the decision-making process, as well as the sequential and interference effects arising from experts' belief biases and behavioral interactions. By doing so, it facilitates a more scientific selection of optimal strategies among multiple maintenance options. The proposed method has been validated through practical case studies of road segments, and its scientific validity and effectiveness have been further corroborated through sensitivity analysis.

Family Relations of Muslims in the Post-Soviet Space: Main Features and Approaches to Psychological Counseling

The family relations of Muslims under present-day conditions are undergoing a signifi cant transformation. The increase in the number of divorces makes it necessary to look for the ways to resolve family confl icts and to harmonize marital relations. In this regard, the requirements for the qualifi cation of family psychologists consulting Muslim couples and families are increasing. It is not enough to master one or another method of family counseling for working with Muslim families. The most important role is played by the formation of the specialist's intercultural competence, as well as by mastering the knowledge and understanding the ethnic, religious and regional specifi cs of the clients. The culture of Muslim ethnic groups is collectivistic, which aff ects the relationships both within a married couple and within an extended family, whose role in Muslim communities is still important. In the article, this thesis is illustrated by the analysis of the author's practical case of family counseling. The author, based on the consideration of ethnic and religious values underlying Muslim family relations, examines the most eff ective psychotherapeutic approaches in working with Muslim families and couples.