Cases Of Fungal Disease Research Articles

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NON-NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF SKIN

Objectives: The objectives of the study were as follows: (1) To find the prevalence of various non-neoplastic skin lesions in our tertiary care hospital. (2) To study the age- and sex-wise distribution of non-neoplastic skin lesions. (3) To compare the results of the present study with other studies. Methods: The present study comprised total 200 punch biopsy specimens of diagnosed cases of non-neoplastic lesions of skin, detailed clinical data, age, sex, and sites of skin lesion of patients which were included in the study. Specimens received were fixed in 10% formalin. Biopsy bits were submitted as whole and processed in automated tissue processor for routine paraffin embedding. Results: A total of 200 lesions were analyzed. Maximum cases were in the age group of 21–30 years followed by 31–40 years age. Fifty-five (27.5%) cases were of non-infectious erythematous, papular, and squamous diseases followed by 54 (27%) cases of vesiculobullous and vesiculopustular diseases, 37 (18.5%) cases of bacterial diseases, 20 (10%) cases of fungal diseases, and 34 (17%) cases of vascular lesions, connective tissue disorders, non-infectious granulomas, perforating disorders, etc. Conclusion: Skin lesions were common in males than in females with male: female ratio of 1.38:1. Younger age group was more commonly affected. Non-infectious erythematous, papular, and squamous lesions were most common with psoriasis being the most common followed by non-infectious vesiculobullous and vesiculopustular lesions with pemphigus vulgaris being the most common, followed by infective lesions consisting of bacterial, fungal, and viral lesions. Other lesions consisted of vascular skin lesions, connective tissue disorders non-infectious granulomas, perforating disorders, etc.

Serious fungal infections in Peru.

Epidemiological data about mycotic diseases are limited in Peru and estimation of the fungal burden has not been previously attempted. Data were obtained from the Peruvian National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, UNAIDS and from the Ministry of Health's publications. We also searched the bibliography for Peruvian data on mycotic diseases, asthma, COPD, cancer and transplants. Incidence or prevalence for each fungal disease were estimated in specific populations at risk. The Peruvian population for 2015 was 31,151,543. In 2014, the estimated number of HIV/AIDS and pulmonary tuberculosis cases was 88,625, 38,581 of them not on ART, and 22,027, respectively. A total of 581,174 cases of fungal diseases were estimated, representing approximately 1.9% of the Peruvian population. This figure includes 498,606, 17,361 and 4,431 vulvovaginal, oral and esophageal candidiasis, respectively, 1,557 candidemia cases, 3,593 CPA, 1,621 invasive aspergillosis, 22,453 allergic bronchopulmonary aspergilllosis, 29,638 severe asthma with fungal sensitization, and 1,447 Pneumocystis pneumonia. This first attempt to assess the fungal burden in Peru needs to be refined. We believe the figure obtained is an underestimation, because of under diagnosis, non-mandatory reporting and lack of a surveillance system and of good data about the size of populations at risk.

Identification of fungal diseases at necropsy

The purpose of the Death Verification Service is to elucidate the causes of deaths that occur without medical assistance and of ill-defined deaths. In recent decades, the epidemiological reality of fungal infections has changed due to the rise in opportunistic infections chiefly in immunocompromised patients.A study of fungal diseases in autopsies performed in the Death Verification Service of the Medicine School in São José do Rio Preto between January 2000 and December 2009 was made.Sixty-seven cases of fungal disease, most involving men (70%), were found in 4824 autopsies. Cryptococcosis was the most prevalent (45%), followed by paracoccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, histoplasmosis, aspergillosis and mucormycosis. Associations between AIDS (n=14) and fungal diseases were identified for cryptococcosis (36%), candidiasis (28.5%) and histoplasmosis (28.5%). Pneumonia, AIDS and fungal diseases were evident in 26% of the cases, with the most prevalent etiologies being Cryptococcus neoformans (55.5%) and Histoplasma capsulatum (22%). Pneumonia alone occurred in 43% of cases, with cryptococcosis (53%) and paracoccidioidomycosis (33%) being the main infectious agents. Diabetes mellitus was associated with candidiasis in two cases and aspergillosis in one. One case of renal transplantation linked to paracoccidioidomycosis and one case of bone marrow aplasia with mucormycosis were reported.Despite the reduction in the number of autopsies over recent decades, these findings suggest that this procedure is useful to provide additional data on the etiology, underlying disease and specific risk factors, essential for quality control and to improve treatment protocols.

Recurrence of fungal diseases of the scalp after x-rays treatment. E. Muskablut and N. Chernogubova (Arch. f. Derm. u. Syph., 1927, Bd. 152, H. 3)

With an extremely high prevalence of parasitic diseases among school-age children, the issue of treatment methods and relapses of these diseases is particularly important. A thorough work by E. Muskablut and N. Chernogubov, who on the basis of a large material (1546 cases of fungal diseases treated with Rntgen's rays) establish a relapse rate of 6.4%, with most of them falling in the 1st year after the end of treatment.