Case Of Breastfeeding Research Articles

Comparison of the frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants with formula feed versus breast feed.

Objective: To find out the frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants and to compare the frequency of NEC in preterm infants with formula feed versus breast feed. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Ghazi Khan Medical College, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. Period: January 2022 to June 2022. Material & Methods: A total of 174 preterm infants were enrolled. The NEC was diagnosed as abdominal distention or intolerance to nasogastric feed with pneumatosis intestinalis / portal venous gas or free intraperitoneal air which was confirmed by abdomen X-ray. At the time of enrollment, gestational age and weight were recorded. All preterm neonates were called for follow up every week for 4 weeks to diagnose NEC. Results: Of these 174 study cases, 101 (58.0 %) were male patients while 73 (42.0 %) were female patients. Mean gestational age of our study cases was 30.48 ± 3.24 weeks. Of these 174 study cases, 102 (58.6%) mothers were illiterate. Breastfeeding was noted in 74 (42.5%) infants while formula feeding was recorded among 100 (57.5%) infants. The NEC was reported among 61 (35.1%) cases whereas NEC in breastfeeding cases was found in 14 (18.9%) and 47 (47.0%) infants with formula feeding. Conclusion: High frequency of NEC was observed among preterm infants given formula feeding in comparison to breastfed preterm infants. Significant linkage of NEC was noted with gender, maternal literacy, birth weight and pattern of feeding.

Does Jaundice in Newborn Infants Affect Exclusivity and Duration of Breastfeeding in Taiwan?

Cases of breastfeeding- and breast-milk-related jaundice tend to increase with increased rates of breastfeeding. Diagnoses of jaundice often lead mothers to discontinue breastfeeding because of assumptions that breastfeeding may exacerbate neonatal jaundice and lengthen the duration of phototherapy treatment. This study was designed to explore the effect of neonatal jaundice on breastfeeding duration and exclusivity during the first 4 months postpartum. This study applied a two-group comparative and follow-up design. The two groups comprised 135 and 160 mothers of infants, respectively, with and without neonatal jaundice. All of the participants were recruited from three certified baby-friendly hospitals in northern Taiwan. Follow-up was conducted by telephone at 1 and 4 months postpartum. Mean breastfeeding duration was longer in the group of participants whose infants had neonatal jaundice (group with neonatal jaundice) than in the group whose infants did not have this condition (group without neonatal jaundice; 102.00 vs. 89.85 days, p = .007). The degree of breastfeeding was higher in the group with neonatal jaundice, although the difference was significant only at 1 month postpartum and not during hospitalization or at 4 months postpartum. The results of a Cox regression model showed that the group without neonatal jaundice was more likely to discontinue breastfeeding (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.68, 95% CI [1.08, 2.62]). A generalized estimating equation model suggests that infants with neonatal jaundice had a higher likelihood of being breastfed for at least half of their feedings (adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.04, 2.25]). On the basis of the results of this study, neonatal jaundice is not an obstacle to breastfeeding in pro-breastfeeding hospital environments. Participants whose infants developed neonatal jaundice were found in this study to breastfeed more often, which promotes breastfeeding success.

Biyoiktidar, Beslenme ve Annelik: Emzirmenin Kültürel ve Politik Görünümleri

This study aims to discuss how motherhood, infant nutrition, and the female body have become open to various regulations and discourses using the case of breastfeeding as the basis for reinforcing socio-political processes and ensuring the continuity of the patriarchal system. Today, nutrition and the body have become the focus of socio-political processes and discourses on these subjects with effects on the developments in natural diet, ecological life, and technological and medical knowledge. In this context, while infant nutrition with healthy and additive-free features on one hand has become important again, on the other hand it has been drawn into the center of new market and consumption processes by emphasizing these features and has been commercialized and commoditized within market relations. In this way, motherhood is being constructed normatively, and the female body has become open to supervision through discussions about breastfeeding, breast milk, and infant formula usage. From this point of view, the study will discuss issues regarding motherhood, breastfeeding, and infant nutrition in terms of the micropower relations that have control over the body as well as the concepts of biopolitics and medicalization. In this regard, the study’s main argument is that the processes concerning motherhood have been morally disciplined and constructed through the biopolitical, cultural, and medical discourses generated about motherhood and infant nutrition, despite transformations in social structures and the struggles of feminist efforts. 

A Case of Breastfeeding With Active Breast Cancer

IntroductionPregnancy-associated breast cancer is relatively uncommon, with few guidelines for management. Women with an active breast cancer diagnosis who wish to offer their children breast milk (either first or second hand) face a number of obstacles and gaps in information.MethodThis article presents a case study and summary of current research on the topic of breastfeeding and breast cancer.Results and DiscussionDifferent types of cancer and cancer treatment influence whether a woman will be able to breastfeed. Some mothers can resume breastfeeding after treatment. If treatment is lengthy, breastfeeding may need to cease permanently. Mothers may need to take medications to help them wean. Finally some mothers may use donor milk to feed their babies once they are no longer able to breastfeed.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to determine and formalize guidelines related to the safety of breastfeeding with an active cancer diagnosis. And there is a need for increased access to breast milk for mothers who are unable to breastfeed. There are geographic barriers, as well as obstacles related to availability and cost.

What is the Economic Value of Improved Labor Market Outcomes from Infant Nutrition?: The Case of Breastfeeding in the United States

We seek to estimate the effects of breastfeeding on the present value of future earnings increases resulting from IQ increases. Using new estimates of the effect of cognitive performance on lifetime earnings in the United States, based on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, developed by Lin, Lutter, and Ruhm (2016) and new baseline estimates of the present value of lifetime earnings following methods of Grosse et al. (2002), we find that the expected value of increases in the present value of lifetime earnings from breastfeeding is about $20,000, assuming a 3 percent discount rate, with a 95 percent confidence interval from $2,900 to $38,700. If half of all US infants born each year were better breastfed, we estimate the total increase in the present value of future earnings to be $40 billion annually.

Analysis of Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Pathological Jaundice

<strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the causes of neonatal pathological jaundice and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. <strong>Method: </strong>The clinical data of 120 cases of neonatal jaundice were analyzed retrospectively. <strong>Results: </strong>In the cause of the disease, 22 cases of neonatal asphyxia, accounting for 21, 17.50% cases of breast feeding, accounting for 13, 10.83% cases of ABO hemolytic disease, accounting for 24.17%, 8 cases of cesarean section, accounting for 6.67%, 5 cases of premature delivery, accounting for 4.17%, 6 cases of intracranial hematoma, accounting for 5%. Infection, breast feeding, neonatal asphyxia, ABO blood group incompatibility is an independent factor. 120 cases were cured and discharged. No serious sequelae and dysfunction occurred. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>To strengthen the perinatal health care, and pay attention to the prevention and treatment of risk factors, such as infection, neonatal asphyxia, and the use of appropriate breast feeding, can effectively reduce the incidence of neonatal pathological jaundice.

Working and Breastfeeding: Practical Ways You Can Support Employed Breastfeeding Mothers

The Business Case for Breastfeeding indicates that 80% of mothers stop breastfeeding within the first month of returning to work (Cardenas & Major, 2005). Unfortunately, research on returning to work and breastfeeding is limited. However, it is possible for clinicians to support working mothers and increase their rates of success. This article outlines some practical ways to support breastfeeding mothers as they return to work.

ラモトリギン服用患者の母乳育児の2症例

ラモトリギン服用患者の母乳育児の2症例

A Life Cycle Approach to Food Justice: The Case of Breastfeeding

Abstract The focus on food within environmental justice scholarship and activism has rapidly advanced as issues such as differential access to healthy food, the distribution of hunger and obesity, and the working conditions of agricultural workers have garnered much deserved attention. This has spawned a new research agenda under the moniker of “food justice.” In this article, we contend that food justice research can benefit from employing the “environmental inequality formation” approach outlined by Pellow, which argues that environmental inequalities are the product of historical processes which involve multiple stakeholders with varied motives. Most importantly for this article, however, is his contention that these inequalities need to be addressed via a life cycle approach. We take this directive literally, and employ a cradle to the grave approach to food justice, or what we call the food cycle. This approach highlights how food inequalities occur in different ways and rates at different stages in ...

Breast-feeding Success Among Infants With Phenylketonuria

Breast milk is the nutrition of choice for human infants (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005; American Association of Family Physicians, 2008; Association of Women's Health Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses, 2005; Canadian Paediatric Society, 2005; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2008; World Health Organization, 2009). In comparison to standard commercial formula, human breast milk has a lower concentration of protein and a lower content of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe). For infants with phenylketonuria (PKU), these attributes of human breast milk make it ideal as a base source of nutrition. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence and duration of breast-feeding and corresponding Phe levels of breast-fed and formula-fed infants with PKU in the caseload of a pediatric metabolic clinic at an urban tertiary-care medical center. Charts were reviewed for infants diagnosed with PKU beginning with 2005 and ending with 1980, the year no further breast-feeding cases were identified in the PKU population. During the first year of life, most of the infants, whether breast-fed or formula-fed, had similar mean Phe levels. However, the frequency distributions revealed that more breast-fed infants with PKU had Phe levels within the normal range (120-360 μmol/L) and were less likely to have low Phe levels (<120 μmol/L) than formula-fed infants with PKU. Further research is needed to understand how mothers manage breast-feeding in the context of PKU.

Long Term Effects of Health Investments and Parental Favoritism: The Case of Breastfeeding

This paper re-examines the effects of breastfeeding on long term educational outcomes using longitudinal data on siblings. While family fixed effects allow controls for all shared family factors, these estimators are sensitive to compensating or reinforcing behaviors by parents. These biases may be particularly important for estimating the effects of parental investment such as breast feeding, where sibling discordance may be difficult to treat as a random outcome and may result in persistence in differential investments between siblings. This paper uses a unique question asked to adolescent siblings about parental favoritism to adjust for potential reinforcing behavior by parents. Standard fixed effects estimates suggest important long term educational effects of breastfeeding, however these effects are uniformly eliminated after focusing on families who treat siblings equally. These findings shed light on the mechanisms linking associations between breastfeeding and longer term outcomes.

Long-term effects of health investments and parental favoritism: the case of breastfeeding

This paper re-examines the effects of breastfeeding on long-term educational outcomes using longitudinal data on siblings. While family-fixed effects allow controls for all shared family factors, these estimators are sensitive to compensating or reinforcing behaviors by parents. These biases may be particularly important for estimating the effects of parental investment such as breast feeding, where sibling discordance may be difficult to treat as a random outcome and may result in persistence in differential investments between siblings. This paper uses a unique question asked to adolescent siblings about parental favoritism to adjust for potential reinforcing behavior by parents. Standard fixed effects estimates suggest important long-term educational effects of breastfeeding; however, these effects are uniformly eliminated after focusing on families who treat siblings equally. These findings shed light on the mechanisms linking associations between breastfeeding and longer term outcomes.

Establishing the Business Case for Breastfeeding

Establishing the Business Case for Breastfeeding

The case for breast feeding

SummaryDisease-preventing effects of breast milk are briefly reviewed. It is demonstrated how substitution of cow's milk with breast milk or soya milk in early infantile eczema often is associated with clinical cure and lowering oflgE and eosinophils. The antimicrobial properties of breast milk are also reviewed. Active mammary secretion of secretory IgA E. coli antibodies and their excretion as copro antibodies are shown. The effects of these antibodies are insufficiently known but it is shown that breastfeeding is associated with a selection of E. coli mutants probably deficient in certain surface characteristics which may render them less virulent.

THE BREAST FEEDING DEMONSTRATION AND THE PHYSICIAN

Hand in hand with the reawakening of interest in the possibilities of breast feeding on the part of the medical profession has gone a new development in welfare work; namely, the breast feeding demonstration. For both these movements, the medical and the social, Julius P. Sedgwick deserves undying praise. It was he who worked out the mechanics of the technic of breast feeding that many of us have found most useful in our individual work with mothers and babies; and he it was who established the classic rules for the conduct of the breast feeding demonstration. It would be hard to conceive of doing either line of work, the medical or the social, without hewing to the lines that he laid down. The two cardinal principles governing the medical handling of a case of breast feeding are too well known to need more than passing mention here. They are, of