Case Study Of Algeria Research Articles

Prioritizing Bridges for Seismic Resilience Enhancement: A Case Study of Algeria

Prioritizing Bridges for Seismic Resilience Enhancement: A Case Study of Algeria

Long-term solar radiation forecasting based on LSTM and attention mechanism: a case study in Algeria

The growing adoption of photovoltaic (PV) energy in urban areas underscores its capability to meet energy demands effectively. The accurate forecasting of meteorological parameters, particularly global solar radiation, is paramount for the efficient management and utilization of solar energy resources. Solar radiation forecasting methods typically fall into two main categories: cloud imagery combined with physical approaches, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) based methods. Due to the non-stationary nature of solar radiation and the high nonlinearity of atmospheric conditions, conventional forecasting approaches often exhibit poor accuracy. Artificial intelligence based approaches, such as machine learning and deep learning algorithms, are extensively employed in global solar radiation forecasting research, demonstrating impressive accuracy. In this respect, this paper presents a novel approach for long term monthly forecasting of global solar radiation using a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) architecture augmented with an attention mechanism that includes a Squeeze and Excitation (SE) block (SE-BiLSTM). The effectiveness of this model is extensively evaluated for long-term monthly solar radiation forecasting using meteorological data collected over a 20-year period (from Jan 2001 to Dec 2020) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The proposed SE-BiLSTM model is compared with well-established forecasting models including Naïve, Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), LSTM, and Bidirectional LSTM. Through rigorous simulation tests, our model demonstrates superior performance, achieving the lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 4.52% and mean absolute error (MAE) of 7.89 kW/m2. This advancement holds significant promise for enhancing solar energy forecasting accuracy and its practical application in renewable energy systems.

The Role of the School Counselor in Diagnosing the Aggressive Behavior and Learning Disabilities: A Case Study in Algeria

The Role of the School Counselor in Diagnosing the Aggressive Behavior and Learning Disabilities: A Case Study in Algeria

Optimised sizing of a hybrid renewable water pumping system based on recent metaheuristic algorithms: a case study in Algeria

This paper proposes a new design model for techno-economic analysis and optimization of water pumping systems. The model incorporates the Levelised Cost of Water Pumped (LCOWP) as the objective function to capture the economic criterion, while the technical criterion is represented by the Loss of Water Supply Probability (LWSP). The model integrates three decision variables: the number of PV modules, wind turbines and water tanks, which is a unique combination that has been rarely explored in previous studies.. To address the complexity of this non-linear discrete optimization problem, the Equilibrium Optimiser (EO), a recent metaheuristic algorithm, is employed. Comparative analysis conducted against four other algorithms demonstrates the superior accuracy and convergence time of EO, establishing its effectiveness. To showcase the practicality of the model, it is utilised to optimise a water pumping system for irrigation in Adrar, Algeria, considering four different pumping heads and exploring various reliability levels (represented by LWSP). The sizing results demonstrate how the LCOWP is influenced by the pumping heads and the desired LWSP. For instance, at a pumping head of 45 m, the cost decreases from 1.181$/m3 with 0% LWSP to 0.991$/m3 when accepting 1% LWSP.

Performances Analysis of Three Grid-Tied Large-Scale Solar PV Plants in Varied Climatic Conditions: A Case Study in Algeria

Currently, for the determination of the suitable and optimal PV power plant according to the climate conditions of the concerned region, researchers focus on the estimation of certain performance factors, which are reported to be the key parameters for the analysis of the performances of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power systems. In this context, this paper focuses on on-site real-time analysis of the performance of three solar photovoltaic plants: Sidi-bel-Abbés (12 MWp), Laghouat (60 MWp), and Ghardaïa (1.1 MWp). These plants are located in different regions experiencing diverse climatic conditions in Algeria. The analysis was carried out by the standardized norms of IEC 61724, using monitoring data collected over one year. The photovoltaic power plants were evaluated in terms of performance factors, such as the reference yield (Yr), final yield (Yf), performance ratio (PR), and capacity factor (CF). On the other side, based on real data collected at the concerned sites, two linear functions depending on solar irradiance and the PV module temperature for each site are proposed for the evaluation of the generated alternative power output (PAC) for the three PV plants. The obtained results based on the study presented in this paper can help designers of PV power plants of different technologies and different climate conditions to precisely decide the convenient technology that allows the best production of the electrical energy for grid-tied PV systems. Furthermore, this study can contribute in giving a clear vision of the implementation of upcoming large-scale solar PV power plants in Algeria within the studied area and other areas.

Natural resource abundance and income inequality: a case study of Algeria

PurposeThis study aims to present an empirical investigation on the effect of natural resource rent on income inequality in Algeria over the period 1980–2020.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is carried out by using the novel developed method dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulation technique alongside the Kernel-based regularized least squares.FindingsThe bounds test revealed a long-run relationship between natural resource rent and income inequality. Our estimation results suggest that natural resource rent, GDP per capita and government expenditures are all associated with lower income inequality in the short and long term. Moreover, the author found that better institutional quality is more likely to reduce income inequality in Algeria. This empirical finding is further validated by the counterfactual shocks from the dynamic ARDL simulation, which reveal a significant decrease in predicted income inequality following a positive change in resource rents and a gradual, significant increase in inequality after a negative change in resource rents.Originality/valueThe present study is the first to use the dynamic ARDL model to investigate the impact of positive and negative changes in natural resource rent on income inequality in Algeria.

Understanding the impact of desert stressors factors on standard PV panel performance: Case study of Algeria's desert

Compared to moderate climate conditions, hot and dry environment, as known desert, present the most difficult environment that affects negatively PV panels performance. In the present paper, the root causes that have the major contribution in PV panel performance degradation in desert climates and the direct relationship between desert climate factors and accelerate degradation mechanism are analyzed. Algeria's desert is chosen as a case to study, an overview of Algeria's desert climate has been presented. High solar irradiation accompanied by high ambient temperature has been considered as the most responsible for accelerated discoloration and initiating damage of EVA encapsulant material which can create a challenge for long-term reliability of c-Si PV panels. The declared 20–25 year PV panel lifetime is very optimistic in Algeria's desert climates. This research work can be beneficial in future studies on challenges related to the optimal performance and the expected operating lifetime of photovoltaic applications in desert climates.

Enhancing Food Security by Moving towards a Sustainable Agricultural System: A Case Study of Algeria in Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study searches to analyze the mutual effects of the food security and agriculture sectors in Algeria, especially in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as to study the various programs and funds that Algeria has harnessed to enhance its food security by upgrading the agricultural sector and ensuring its sustainability. The study concluded the need to take care of the sustainability of the agricultural system by preserving the environment and ensuring the rights of future generations to the same extent that guarantees abundantagricultural production, which would enhance Algeria's ability to provide food and improve the quality of life for individuals, especially in light of the Covid-19 pandemic. Also, the study concluded several strategic proposals to support the Agriculture Division in Algeria, along with financing programs that allow the sustainability of the sector in order to enhance food security.

Battery energy storage system for enhancing the electrolyzer capacity factor in small-scale WindtH2 system with a smoothing control strategy: Constrained multi-objective Pareto optimization and case study in Algeria

Stochastic nature of wind energy prevents the electrolyzer in wind-to-hydrogen (WindtH2) system to accomplish high capacity factor without the assistance of the battery energy storage system (BESS). Furthermore, design process focuses on the reliability of the system and its components to achieve low production cost. The goal of this investigation is to develop a decision making tool for solving constrained multi-objective optimization (CMO) problems to minimize the cost and power losses, and maximize the reliability of a small-scale WindtH2 system subjected to various constraints. The proposed algorithm, which combines a CMO model with a smoothing control strategy (SCS), solves the CMO problem to find Pareto-optimal solutions. Dynamic SCS smoothes the power provided to the electrolyzer by the assistance of the BESS. It favors the electrolyzer full-capacity operation for enhancing its capacity factor. Minimum/maximum electrolyzer power input and safe thresholds of battery and H2 tank state-of-charge are the main operational constraints taken into consideration by the CMO model. The four conflicting objectives considered in the optimization model are the Levelized Cost of H2 (LCOH), Total H2 Deficit (THD), Energy Dump Possibility (EDP) and a new indicator namely Electrolyzer Capacity Factor (ECF). Solution vector consists of seven decision variables including battery cycles spent and electrolyzer operation hours. The developed algorithm is applied to generate Pareto solutions of a case for industrial usage. Pareto results show: (1) The proposed algorithm with the associated indicators is useful for the design process; (2) The SCS significantly helps to improve the ECF; (3) Consistent relationships between the four objectives; (4) WindtH2 system consisting of wind turbine farm of 836.5 kW, electrolyzer of 276 kW, battery of 765 kWh and H2 Tank of 10.8 kg gives a LCOH of 27.01 $/kg, ECF of 20.5%, EDP of 8.19% and THD of 41.72%.

Multi-period optimal schedule of a multi-product pipeline: A case study in Algeria

The oil supply chain plays a vital role for both economic and social sectors in Algeria. Pipeline is the main oil transportation mode from production sites to distribution centers. However, finding the optimal schedule for a multi-product pipeline is among the most difficult optimization problems. In this article, we propose an operational schedule for a long-term horizon for a multi-product pipeline system. In our model, we link a refinery to multiple storage and distribution fuel centers. The proposed approach aims to satisfy the demands of different distribution centers in a timely manner by respecting quality and cost requirements. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed and solved by a branch and cut algorithm. Our model is tested on a real case of an Algerian oil company. The obtained schedule satisfies variable demand while respecting quality and cost requirements.

Stability analysis and simulation of the novel Corornavirus mathematical model via the Caputo fractional-order derivative: A case study of Algeria

The novel coronavirus infectious disease (or COVID-19) almost spread widely around the world and causes a huge panic in the human population. To explore the complex dynamics of this novel infection, several mathematical epidemic models have been adopted and simulated using the statistical data of COVID-19 in various regions. In this paper, we present a new nonlinear fractional order model in the Caputo sense to analyze and simulate the dynamics of this viral disease with a case study of Algeria. Initially, after the model formulation, we utilize the well-known least square approach to estimate the model parameters from the reported COVID-19 cases in Algeria for a selected period of time. We perform the existence and uniqueness of the model solution which are proved via the Picard-Lindelöf method. We further compute the basic reproduction numbers and equilibrium points, then we explore the local and global stability of both the disease-free equilibrium point and the endemic equilibrium point. Finally, numerical results and graphical simulation are given to demonstrate the impact of various model parameters and fractional order on the disease dynamics and control.

Contribution of compressed stabilized earth bricks (CSEB) to the control of indoor air quality in buildings: case study ofAlgeria

Contribution of compressed stabilized earth bricks (CSEB) to the control of indoor air quality in buildings: case study ofAlgeria

Design optimization of off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems considering the effects of building energy performance and climate change: Case study of Algeria

This paper presents a methodology for optimal design of diesel/PV/wind/battery hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for the electrification of residential buildings in rural areas. Contrary to previous work, in this study, the effects of climate diversity and building energy efficiency on the size optimization of HRES are investigated. First, a multi-criteria spatial analysis trough a common geographical information system tool (ArcGIS 10.2) is undertaken to develop the renewable energy potential map for Algeria. Then, particle swarm optimization algorithm and ε-constraint method were used to solve the multi-objective problem, which was formulated to minimize the cost of energy (COE) as the primary objective, while maximizing system reliability and a renewable fraction (RF). According to the resulting renewable potential map, seven zones are identified, and then seven locations have been selected (one from each zone) to execute the optimization of the proposed HRES. By considering low efficient buildings, photovoltaic/wind/diesel/battery is found the best configuration for Adrar and Tindouf, while photovoltaic/diesel/battery is obtained the best for the other locations. However, in the case of high-performance buildings, another optimal HRES configurations are obtained. The better one is acquired in Biskra and Tamenrast, which includes PV-Battery (100% renewable energy) and fulfilling COE of 0.21 $/kWh.

Techno-economic optimization for implantation of parabolic trough power plant: Case study of Algeria

This paper deals with Hassi R'mel's solar power plant, a solar power plant one (SPPI) located in Algeria's southern region. The current configuration of the SPPI is a 25 MW parabolic trough used with 130 MW connected cycle gas turbines. In this paper, a techno-economic analysis of the solar part of the SPPI is described. A multiobjective optimization process was carried out to find the most favorable conditions, the most suitable parameters, and the solar power plant's optimum design configuration for better energy production in the future. We optimized the solar multiple, the fossil fill fraction of the backup system, and a full load of thermal storage system for the minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and the maximum capacity factor. The results showed that the lowest LCOE reached about 5.83 €/kWh for a solar multiple of 1.6. The optimum value of fossil fill fraction is 0.2, with a capacity factor of 60%, and the best optimization of the storage system is 4 h. The optimum power plant produced 118.26 GWh per year. It was concluded that the use of wet cooling was more economical than dry cooling and that among the heat transfer fluids, Therminol VP1 was the best. The validation of the theoretical results confirmed their agreement with the SPPI and solar energy generation system-VI power plants' experimental data. These findings proved that concentrating solar power may be considered as the right solution in countries in the desert and equatorial regions, the Middle East and North Africa region, especially Algeria, where abundant solar energy is available.

Application of Bayesian Networks for Geotechnical Risk Analysis: Case Study in Algeria

The management of geotechnical risks in construction projects is becoming increasingly indispensable due to the growing complexity of civil engineering works. In addition, the random nature of soils forces practitioners to use tools that deal with the concepts of chance and probability. Bayesian networks are considered as effective tools for addressing issues related to the uncertainty and reliability of systems. The structure of this type of network allows great flexibility of use, and this is the reason why a large number of applications have emerged in recent years. However, the complexity of such networks limits their use in the professional field. The purpose of this article is to design a Bayesian network that could be exploited by all project stakeholders to better manage geotechnical risks. This method could be used in the concrete case of the highway viaduct project of the penetration link from the town of Ghazaouet to the East–West Highway in Algeria. This is expected to provide an effective decision support tool that will certainly allow for a better management of the major risks associated with construction. The results obtained during our study allow us to visualize the most likely scenarios for the occurrence of major risks and thus to be able to intervene in due time.

Effects of dust, soiling, aging, and weather conditions on photovoltaic system performances in a Saharan environment—Case study in Algeria

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power represents one of the most promising future sources of energy in the world. Considered the cleanest form of energy, extensive research is being undertaken to widen its use. Notably, mega projects are being considered for installation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region because of its high solar potential, with hopes of eventually feeding Europe from the PV electricity generated in this region and transported through high voltage direct current (DC) lines. However, current implementation of PV systems has shown that their reliability and efficiency depend upon surrounding environmental factors, such as the ambient temperature, wind, and rainfall, as well as soiling, pollution, and aging. The aim of this study was to investigate, through experimental tests, the effects of such factors on the power output of a grid connected PV station. The results showed that the output power and efficiency are deeply affected by various environmental factors, which are weather dependent. These findings may help us develop appropriate solutions to overcome these drawbacks.

Impact of E-Promotion on Consumer Buying Behavior: A Case Study of Algeria

Impact of E-Promotion on Consumer Buying Behavior: A Case Study of Algeria

Characterization and treatment of landfill leachates by electro-Fenton process: A case study in Algeria.

The feasibility of the electro-Fenton (EF) process to improve the biodegradability of Algerian leachates was examined, in order to prepare this kind of flux for conventional biological treatment. This work also included, for the first time in Algeria, the control and monitorization of a landfill-the "Hamici" landfill. Several physicochemical parameters were determined allowing its classification into an intermediate degradation phase, namely considering their alkaline pH (8.7), high ammonium concentration (3,120mg/L), low content in heavy metals, and biodegradability (BOD5 /COD=0.22). The effects of important parameters such as current intensity, treatment time, and temperature on COD removal have been studied and optimized by using response surface analysis of a central composite design, where 91.1% of COD was removed with a treatment time of 285min, a current intensity of 3A, and a temperature of 20°C. A biodegradability test, which was performed on a solution electrolyzed with 120min, 2A, and 20°C, allowed to improve the leachates biodegradability from 0.2 to 0.42, with a removal rate of COD and TOC of 53.35% and 34.5%, respectively. However, the current efficiency declined from 137% to 76.6% when the current intensity was rise from 0.5 to 2A. These results showed the relevance of EF process applied on raw intermediate leachates and its possible benefit in the Algiers leachates treatment processes. Thus, it was concluded that biological treatment can be combined with EF process for optimal mineralization of leachates with clear advantages in this studied location. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Characterization and treatment of leachates by electro-Fenton (EF) process were carried out. The leachates are intermediate type and therefore biologically recalcitrant. The operating parameter for EF process were modeled and optimized by the central composite design. Current intensity of 2A reduces COD and TOC of 53.35% and 34.5%, respectively. The ratio BOD5 /COD increased from 0.2 to 0.42 after 120min of electrolysis time.

The Impact of Information Communication Technologies on News. A Case Study of Algeria's Media Landscape

The Impact of Information Communication Technologies on News. A Case Study of Algeria's Media Landscape

The Role Of Fiscal Policy In Rationalizing Public Expenditure In Developing Countries :, Case Study Of Algeria 2000 - 2016

The Role Of Fiscal Policy In Rationalizing Public Expenditure In Developing Countries :, Case Study Of Algeria 2000 - 2016