Case Study Research Articles

Civil Society's Role in Shaping Political Discourse: Comparative Analysis


 
 
 This comparative analysis explores the pivotal role of civil society in shaping political discourse across different socio-political contexts. Through a qualitative approach, this study delves into the dynamics of civil society engagement and its impact on political discourse through an extensive review of literature and library research. The study examines various case studies and empirical evidence from diverse regions to elucidate the multifaceted nature of civil society's influence on political discourse. The findings reveal that civil society organizations play a crucial role in promoting pluralistic and inclusive political discourse by fostering dialogue, advocacy, and civic engagement. Moreover, the comparative analysis highlights the significance of contextual factors such as historical legacies, institutional frameworks, and socio-cultural dynamics in shaping the effectiveness of civil society's engagement in political discourse. The study underscores the need for further research to explore the nuances of civil society's role in different political environments and to identify best practices for enhancing its contribution to democratic governance. By shedding light on the comparative dynamics of civil society's engagement in political discourse, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which civil society can promote democratic values and foster informed and inclusive political debates.
 
 

A systematic reliability-centred maintenance framework with fuzzy computational integration – a case study of manufacturing process machinery

A systematic reliability-centred maintenance framework with fuzzy computational integration – a case study of manufacturing process machinery

Identifying developmental language disorder (DLD) in multilingual children: A case study tutorial.

A long-standing issue in identifying developmental language disorder (DLD) in multilingual children is differentiating between effects of language experience and genuine impairment when clinicians often lack suitable norm-referenced assessments. In this tutorial we demonstrate, via a case study, that it is feasible to identify DLD in a multilingual child using the CATALISE diagnostic criteria, Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings (LITMUS) assessment tools, and telepractice. This tutorial features a case study of one 6-year-old Urdu-Cantonese multilingual ethnic minority child, and seven age- and grade-matched multilinguals. They were tested via Zoom using Urdu versions of the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS-MAIN), the Crosslinguistic Lexical Task (LITMUS-CLT), the Crosslinguistic Nonword Repetition Test (LITMUS-CL-NWR), and the Sentence Repetition Task (LITMUS-SRep). The child scored significantly lower in the LITMUS tests compared to her peers in her best/first language of Urdu. Together with the presence of negative functional impact and poor prognostic features, and absence of associated biomedical conditions, the findings suggest this participant could be identified as having DLD using the CATALISE diagnostic criteria. The result demonstrates the promise of this approach to collect reference data and identify DLD in multilingual children. The online LITMUS battery has the potential to support identification of multilingual DLD in any target language.

Rapid-Access Focused Treatment: Clinical Considerations for Brief Psychotherapy in Outpatient Psychiatry.

Demand for mental health treatment surged after the COVID-19 pandemic intensified existing issues of limited access to care and long wait times. Programs that deliver high-quality treatment in a brief format are appealing in that they could reduce wait times for care and increase the number of patients served. The Rapid-Access Focused Treatment (RAFT) program was developed with the overarching goals of delivering brief, evidence-informed interventions in a timely and patient-centered manner, reducing wait times, and improving access to psychiatric specialty services. In this article, the authors describe the pilot implementation of the RAFT program in an outpatient psychiatry clinic, provide guidelines for identification of appropriate patients, and discuss lessons learned from two case examples that illustrate variations in the trajectory of brief treatment. Recommendations for the effective implementation of brief therapy models in an outpatient setting are provided.

Clinical analysis of surgical outcome of 89 patients having large cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

The article analyzes the clinical features, morphological characteristics, surgical subtleties and long-term outcome of surgery in 89 cases of 'large' sized AVMs. During the period 2004 to 2022, 89 cases of 'large' arteriovenous malformations were operated in the neurosurgery departments of the authors. Large AVMs were defined as those that were more than 4cm on either lateral or antero-posterior view of digital subtraction angiogram. The factors that determined the extent of surgical difficulties included site and eloquence of the area, number of feeding vascular territories and draining veins, degree and rate of flow, presence of flow-related aneurysms, and the physical nature of the arteriovenous malformation. There were 59 males and 30 females and the average age was 32 years. Headache, giddiness and convulsions were the common presenting complaints. Six patients were unconscious after surgery. Of these, five patients died in the immediate post-operative period and one patient gradually recovered. Additionally, seven patients developed unilateral limb weakness that included hemiplegia (4 patients) and hemiparesis (3 patients) following surgery. Clinical follow-up ranged from 6 months to 18 years (average 43 months). All surviving patients are leading normal and essentially symptom free life and have recovered from their symptoms of headache, convulsions and giddiness. Large AVMs are amenable to 'curative' surgery with 'acceptable' results. The surgery can be challenging and appropriate case selection that is based on the surgeons experience is vital and decisive.

Strengthening the use of artificial intelligence within healthcare delivery organizations: balancing regulatory compliance and patient safety.

Surface the urgent dilemma that healthcare delivery organizations (HDOs) face navigating the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) final guidance on the use of clinical decision support (CDS) software. We use sepsis as a case study to highlight the patient safety and regulatory compliance tradeoffs that 6129 hospitals in the United States must navigate. Sepsis CDS remains in broad, routine use. There is no commercially available sepsis CDS system that is FDA cleared as a medical device. There is no public disclosure of an HDO turning off sepsis CDS due to regulatory compliance concerns. And there is no public disclosure of FDA enforcement action against an HDO for using sepsis CDS that is not cleared as a medical device. We present multiple policy interventions that would relieve the current tension to enable HDOs to utilize artificial intelligence to improve patient care while also addressing FDA concerns about product safety, efficacy, and equity.

Student Progression and Dropout Rates Using Convolutional Neural Network: A Case Study of the Arab Open University

Student Progression and Dropout Rates Using Convolutional Neural Network: A Case Study of the Arab Open University

Subtitle Translation of Chinese Elements in View of Cultural Translation: A Case Study of Ne Zha: I Am the Destiny

Subtitle Translation of Chinese Elements in View of Cultural Translation: A Case Study of Ne Zha: I Am the Destiny

The Effect of Service Quality, Insurance Costs, and Installment Size on Customer Satisfaction Multi-Purpose Financing: Case Study at Bank Sumut Syariah Padangsidimpuan

The Effect of Service Quality, Insurance Costs, and Installment Size on Customer Satisfaction Multi-Purpose Financing: Case Study at Bank Sumut Syariah Padangsidimpuan

Citizen science as a vehicle to address multiple policy objectives: Case studies from Australia.

Despite increasing interest in citizen science as an approach to engage members of the public in research and decision making about health and wellbeing, there is a lack of practical evidence to guide policy and practice organisations to utilise these approaches. In this study we investigated how and why citizen science came to be incorporated into the work of two policy organisations. We offer two in-depth case studies of Australian government organisations which have utilised citizen science in environmental and healthy ageing policy. Interviews with organisational informants and relevant documents were analysed inductively to explore how citizen science came to be adopted, legitimised and supported. Citizen science was utilised to address multiple organisational objectives, including increasing community participation in science; enhancing individuals' wellbeing, learning, and skills, and generating data to support research and policy in a relatively cost-effective manner. In both cases, grant funding was a mechanism to support citizen science, with project delivery facilitated through academic-policy partnerships and led by external academic or community partners. Although citizen science is relatively new in policy and practice settings, this study underscores the value of these approaches in realising co-benefits for organisations, academics, and community members. The support and advocacy of senior managers as 'champions', and a willingness to invest in trialling new approaches to address policy problems are necessary ingredients to foster acceptance and legitimacy of citizen science. SO WHAT?: Citizen science initiatives can be strategically utilised by health promotion organisations to enact priorities related to genuine community involvement, support research and innovation and facilitate collaboration and partnerships between academic, policy and community stakeholders.

Model-based framework for exploiting sensors of IoT devices using a botnet: a case study with android

Model-based framework for exploiting sensors of IoT devices using a botnet: a case study with android

Urban shift and dwelling practices impact on the identity of Amman’s public stairs: Jordan’s Cinema Steps as a case study

Urban shift and dwelling practices impact on the identity of Amman’s public stairs: Jordan’s Cinema Steps as a case study

An alternative soil erodibility estimation approach for data-scarce regions: a case study in Ethiopian Rift Valley Lake Basin

An alternative soil erodibility estimation approach for data-scarce regions: a case study in Ethiopian Rift Valley Lake Basin

Actinomycetes are a natural resource for sustainable pest control and safeguarding agriculture.

Actinomycetes, a diverse group of bacteria with filamentous growth characteristics, have long captivated researchers and biochemists for their prolific production of secondary metabolites. Among the myriad roles played by actinomycete secondary metabolites, their historical significance in the field of biocontrol stands out prominently. The fascinating journey begins with the discovery of antibiotics, where renowned compounds like streptomycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin revolutionized medicine and agriculture. The history of biocontrol traces its roots back to the early twentieth century, when scientists recognized the potential of naturally occurring agents to combat pests and diseases. The emergence of synthetic pesticides in the mid-twentieth century temporarily overshadowed interest in biocontrol. However, with growing environmental concerns and the realization of the negative ecological impacts of chemical pesticides, the pendulum swung back towards exploring sustainable alternatives. Beyond their historical role as antibiotics, actinomycete-produced secondary metabolites encompass a rich repertoire with biopesticide potential. The classification of these compounds based on chemical structure and mode of action is highlighted, demonstrating their versatility against both plant pathogens and insect pests. Additionally, this review provides in-depth insights into how endophytic actinomycete strains play a pivotal role in biocontrol strategies. Case studies elucidate their effectiveness in inhibiting Spodoptera spp. and nematodes through the production of bioactive compounds. By unraveling the multifunctional roles of endophytic actinomycetes, this review contributes compelling narrative knowledge to the field of sustainable agriculture, emphasizing the potential of these microbial allies in crafting effective, environmentally friendly biocontrol strategies for combating agricultural pests.

A Study of College English Curriculum under the Guidance of the Core Concepts of Professional Certification—A Case Study of Baoding University

A Study of College English Curriculum under the Guidance of the Core Concepts of Professional Certification—A Case Study of Baoding University

Seasonal trends and population status of the highly threatened Pteropus livingstonii in the Comoros archipelago.

Flying foxes of the genus Pteropus, especially those inhabiting islands, face increasing pressure from anthropogenic threats. A first step to implementing effective conservation actions is to establish monitoring projects to understand a species' population status and trend. Pteropus species are highly affected by seasonality which further requires regular, repeated, and long-term data to understand population trends, and reactions to severe weather events. In the present case study, a regular, bi-annual population census was implemented on Comoros between 2016 and 2023 for the highly threatened Livingstone's fruit bat, Pteropus livingstonii, and compared the results of standardized monitoring to historical population data. Seasonality had a large impact on the number of bats found at roost sites, with more bats present in the wet season, but the data over the past eight years revealed no significant in- or decrease in the number of bats counted on the island Anjouan. We estimated around 1,200-1,500 bats on Anjouan and 300-400 bats on Mohéli, and found that landcover type has no measurable effect on population distribution at roost sites. Our study highlights the need for long-term surveys to understand past population trends and that single counts are not sufficient to draw final conclusions of a species' status.

Collaborative governance in a primary health care partnership in Papua New Guinea.

Collaboration in primary health care is recommended to achieve global health goals. Public-private partnerships (PPP) are one means of collaboration. Our study examined collaboration in a case study PPP for primary health care in Western Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Interviews with key informants involved in the PPP were conducted and key programme documents were reviewed. Data were coded and deductively analysed using the collaborative governance model developed by Emerson, Nabatchi and Balogh. The key features of the case study PPP that were highlighted by the collaborative governance model were: identification of partners, trust, procedural arrangements, and leadership. We identified four lessons of significance in the practical establishment and implementation of a partnership in a complex and challenging setting such as PNG: the need to (i) prioritise in-person collaboration and communication, (ii) engage dynamic individuals to lead the partnership, (iii) encourage relationships across all sectors and actors, and (iv) remain flexible and adapt to local cultural and context. Collaborative governance offers a practical framework to understand, assess and strengthen collaboration in multi-stakeholder partnerships in the health sector.

Uncovering the Diagnostic Challenge of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Case Study of Acute Bilateral Vision Loss

Uncovering the Diagnostic Challenge of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Case Study of Acute Bilateral Vision Loss

Unveiling Success: A Case Study Exploring the Shared Values, Characteristics, and Strategies of Principals in Schools with Extremely Challenging Circumstances

Unveiling Success: A Case Study Exploring the Shared Values, Characteristics, and Strategies of Principals in Schools with Extremely Challenging Circumstances

Walhi's Strategy to Fight for Justice in Environmental Permit Cancellation: Case Study of Construction of PLTU Tanjung Jati A Cirebon

Walhi's Strategy to Fight for Justice in Environmental Permit Cancellation: Case Study of Construction of PLTU Tanjung Jati A Cirebon