Case Of Postvaccinal Encephalitis Research Articles

Episodio maníaco tras la administración simultánea de 4 vacunas: relación temporal frente a relación causal. A propósito de un caso

Ante un cambio radical en el comportamiento en un varón de 17 años, a las 12 horas de administrar, en el mismo día, las vacunas contra el Meningococo C, Hepatitis B, Triple Vírica y Varicela, y la detección de un cuadro maníaco a la semana, se sospechó que se tratase de un cuadro de encefalitis post-vacunal. A pesar de la ausencia de hallazgos patológicos en las exploraciones complementarias realizadas, y aunque en la literatura científica no se haya demostrado una asociación temporal a día de hoy, no podemos aceptar ni descartar con certeza la sospecha diagnóstica dado que no contamos con la serología infecciosa o un estudio de anticuerpos en líquido cefalorraquídeo. Los efectos secundarios graves tras vacunaciones no han quedado claramente demostrados, lo que sí está ampliamente demostrado es que la inmunidad adquirida es uno de los mayores logros de la medicina que ha ayudado a erradicar enfermedades potencialmente mortales.

The smallpox vaccine and postvaccinal encephalitis.

Smallpox is one of the deadliest infectious diseases in history. The discovery by Edward Jenner that inoculation with a droplet of pus from a cow with cowpox protected a person from smallpox resulted in the successful vaccination of millions of people. There were, however, complications associated with smallpox vaccination; the most serious complication was postvaccinal encephalitis, which was reported to occur with an incidence of 1 in 110,000 vaccinations and a case-fatality rate of 50%. Before we become complacent with the idea that we will respond to a bioterrorism attack with a mass immunization program for smallpox, it is important to be reminded of the risk and clinical manifestations of postvaccinal encephalitis and the efficacy of antivaccinia gamma-globulin in preventing this complication. The first case of postvaccinal encephalitis as a complication of the Jennerian cowpox inoculation was observed in 1905. A century later, there is no effective therapy.

Discontinuance of routine smallpox vaccination.

To the Editor.— The ink didn't dry well on the reply by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) to my inquiry (219:908, 1972) and a smallpox epidemic broke out in Yugoslavia. It resulted in 173 cases there, another case in Hamburg, Germany, and ended with 34 fatalities (220:1254,1972). The mortality for this importation epidemic was almost 20% . The contention by the CDC that a range of mortality prevails in smallpox is irrelevant to the main issue for the United States. What is the mortality during an imported epidemic in a developed country? Would the avoidance of a few cases of postvaccinal encephalitis (their number could be decreased in part by having raised the age of primary vaccination to two or three) outweigh the risk of a tragedy such as the one that occurred in Yugoslavia? After all, the Yugoslavian epidemic was the first such outbreak during the last 42 years.

A Case of Postvaccinal Encephalitis Followed by Fungus Infection

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Demyelinating encephalomyelitis in a cynomolgus monkey following vaccination against smallpox and simultaneous inoculation of a neutropic virus recovered from a case of postvaccinal encephalitis.

Demyelinating encephalitis, very closely resembling postvaccinal encephalitis in man, has been produced in one cynomolgus monkey following vaccination against smallpox and simultaneous inoculation of a virus of the Columbia SK group, which had been isolated from stools and throat of a child suffering from postvaccinal encephalitis. Since this result was not reproducible in two subsequent experiments, it is emphasized, that a most reserved attitude has to be adopted as to the aetiological significance of the combined activity of neurotropic virus and vaccinia virus for postvaccinal encephalitis.

An experimental study on problems of immunity and allergy in postvaccinal encephalitis.

Fifty-four harvests of 7 different strains of vaccinia virus present in calf lymph used as smallpox vaccine have been examined for virulence, antigenicity, and resistance to neutralizing antibody, and the results were compared with those of a similar examination of smallpox vaccines that had initiated postvaccinal encephalitis. In 3 of 6 cases of post vaccinal encephalitis, the antibody level was poor, and did not agree with the high antigenicity of the virus. In one case, a child that had been vaccinated with a vaccine of low antigenicity, vaccinia virus was recovered from the blood on the 15th day following vaccination. It is suggested, that individual factors may inhibit the production of neutralizing antibody, and in animal experiments, guanidin appeared to exert such an inhibitory effect, although slight and transient. A considerably higher antibody level was obtained when rabbits and children were revaccinated on the 7th day following primary vaccination, but then the virus could be recovered from the blood from the second to the eighth day following revaccination, which proves, that the virus is not rapidly inactived in spite of the high antibody level. Immunization experiments with heat-inactivated neurovaccinia, even when incorporated in vaseline and lanoline, were unsuccessfull, since the resistance to challenge with living neurovaccinia, particularly of the central nervous system, proved unsatisfactory, although antibodies had developed.

Encéphalite Vaccinale Chez Un Adolescent Guérison Complète Après 21 Jours De Coma Absolu

SummaryDescription of a typical case of postvaccinal encephalitis in a patient 17 years old, who remained during 21 days in a condition of total coma with complete absence of sensibility and muscle tone.For eleven days, on account of trismus and inability to swallow, it was impossible to feed the patient oven through a catheter. During that period he was given every day an intramuscular injection of 2 litres isotonic glucose and 500 cc. salt solution. During the following 15 days, he was fed through a nasal catheter.Several infections started as a result of the difficulty of swallowing, of bladder catheterization or of bed sores, but all were checked by penicillin.After a period of 21 days during which any sensation or muscle tone was absent, the restitution started and was so rapid that whithin twelve days, the patient recovered all the functions of the nervous system and his intellectual faculties. When he was discharged (11 week’s after admission) his sensibility, motility and psyche were normal. The o...

A case of post-vaccinal encephalitis in British Guiana

A case of post-vaccinal encephalitis in British Guiana