Case Of Pharmaceutical Industry Research Articles

Human Resource Management, Employee Participation and European Works Councils: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry in Greece

Employee participation is a broad notion that encompasses sets of practices that enable employees to participate in the decision-making process on issues affecting them leading to a committed workforce. According to the 2009/38/EC Directive, a European Workers’ Council (EWC) is established in all undertakings and all community-scale groups of undertakings for the purpose of informing and consulting employees. This study investigates the impact of employee participation on employees and organizations and more specifically the potential benefits and the added value of participation for employees and organizations, the potential costs and threats of employee participation and the added value of EWCs in multinational subsidiaries in the pharmaceutical industry in Greece. The data gathering was carried out through in-depth semi-structured interviews with management, HR executives, trade union representatives and EWC representatives using a semi-structured questionnaire based on the state-of-the-art literature review. Organizations participating in the study are subsidiaries of multinational companies with an active European Works Council in the pharmaceutical industry in Greece. Findings suggest that there are potential benefits of employee participation practices for the employees and added value for the pharmaceutical companies and provide a useful perspective for managers and researchers in the field of labor relations and human resource management.

Green Innovation’s Promoting Impact on the Fusion of Industry and Talent: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China

This study aims to explore the promoting impact of green innovation on the fusion of industry and talent (FIT). The primary objectives of the study also include showing how FIT affects the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China and evaluating the development status of three subsystems: the pharmaceutical industry, talent support, and green innovation. In this study, an index system comprising 28 indicators is established to characterize the three subsystems, based on which a comprehensive evaluation model is used to assess the development of each subsystem. A fusion model is used to explore the current status of FIT and the role that green innovation plays in this, based on panel data obtained for 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019. The results suggest that: (1) the three subsystems in the Belt have all maintained growth, though the development score for the pharmaceutical industry fluctuated greatly and has been somewhat unstable, while growth trends for talent support and green innovation have been stable; (2) the extent of FIT is low, with nearly half of the provinces and cities lacking organization, with a typical spatial pattern of higher levels in the downstream region and lower levels in the upstream region. The downstream region has obvious advantages in the degree of FIT, while the upstream region has a more optimistic growth trend; and (3) green innovation stimulated the development of FIT in the Belt, with a “strong and stronger” trend depending on the foundation of FIT. To promote FIT, the government should (1) focus on enhancing the development and efficiency of green innovation to help promote FIT; (2) promote the stable and sustainable growth of the pharmaceutical industry as well as talent’s support to consolidate the foundation of fusion; and (3) implement regional coordinated development and interaction policies to narrow the regional gap.

The Effect of Black Tax on Employee Engagement: The Mediating Role of Idiocentrism-Allocentrism-A Case of Pharmaceutical Industry in Zimbabwe

Employees in the Pharmaceutical industry are coming late to work and knocking off early. These actions unveiled by the employees are likely to incur economic costs on the employer, occasioned by low employee productivity. Owners of production have expressed concern over the general low staff morale in the pharmaceutical sector. While most studies have concentrated on internal job-related factors as drivers of employee engagement, this study seeks to assess employee engagement as being influenced by black tax, an external factor. The main aim of the research was to establish the influence of black tax on employee engagement, being mediated by idiocentrism-allocentrism, particularly focussing on the pharmaceutical manufacturing and retailing industry in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. The study employed the philosophical approach of pragmatism to guide the whole research. The researcher adopted a multi-stage sampling technique supported by the census technique to pick participants from the population. Closed and open-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from qualified pharmacists who are working in both the manufacturing and retailing industry in Bulawayo. Statistical Package for Social Sciences v23 (Process v3.5 by Andrew F. Hayes) was used to test the hypothesized relationship among variables. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results suggest that black tax directly influence employee engagement in the presence of a mediator (idiocentrism-allocentrism). Furthermore, the results indicate that the indirect coefficient was partially significant, which means that idiocentrism-allocentrism has a partial influence on employee engagement. The researchers recommend that management should ensure that employees are motivated all the time. They should implement an open-door policy so that employees can share their issues that affect their engagement level at work.

DIY Laboratories and business innovation ecosystems: The case of pharmaceutical industry

This paper conducts an embedded case study to verify a conceptual framework by which biopharma research in Do-It-Yourself (DIY) laboratories can be integrated into Research and Development (R&D) networks of the pharmaceutical industry. As an early attempt to extend the perspective of business innovation ecosystem into the research on DIY laboratories, this study reveals three major findings. First, DIY laboratories, contract research organizations (CROs) and pharmaceutical firms interdependently position and link with each other in an innovation ecosystem for new drug development. Second, through properly managing the issues of resource utilization and innovation appropriability, CROs play important hub and knowledge broker roles in coordinating and aligning different priorities and expectations of the key players in this innovation ecosystem. Third, this study maps and verifies two knowledge transfer models through which novel research findings in DIY laboratories can be converted into real commercial returns.

Integrating the HACCP and SPC for hazard control and process improvement: a case of pharmaceutical industry

Purpose The purpose of this study is to integrate two well-established frameworks with an aim to reduce the unwanted rejection rate recurring in the drug production process in pharmaceutical industries. The effectiveness of an integrated framework has been demonstrated by a real-time case study in a complex industrial environment, providing a platform for quality tools application in the pharmaceutical industry. Design/methodology/approach The hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) provided a basic framework for hazard analysis and its blending with statistical process control (SPC) aided in data-driven decision-making. The extensive brainstorming and Pareto analysis helped to identify potential critical-to-quality characteristics followed by SPC, x¯ and R charts, histograms and Cp and Cpk analysis to spot the critical control point. The fishbone diagram led to the extraction of the leading cause behind the identified problem. Then, based on recommended corrective actions, control limits were adjusted and the process was brought into control. Finally, a product-based cost analysis is also performed to illustrate the financial impact resulting from the proposed method’s successful implementation. Findings The integrated framework is applied to a drug production process which has a higher rejection rate (3%) because of the non-conformities. Based on Pareto analysis, potential failure causes were classified and prioritised as inappropriate composition (2.54%), packaging (0.35%), out-of-specification (0.069%), equipment failure (0.022%), input materials (0.018%) and miscellaneous (0.002%). It is found that 84% of the total rejection rate is contributed by inappropriate composition. After taking corrective actions, it is observed that the proposed method has helped to reduce the process rejection rate significantly (2.54-0.82%). In the monetary terms, 2.50% decline per unit costs is noted in this case study work. The proposed integrated framework’s success is further motivating other pharmaceutical industries to implement and expand it to other processes. Originality/value The case study is an attempt to contribute to the existing literature of quality management in pharmaceutical industries. In particular, it is a novel example to introduce the simple and user-friendly SPC tool into well-established HACCP framework to enhance its effectiveness in hazard identification. The case study results motivate managers to adopt quality techniques for achieving a higher quality standard and operational excellence.

Identification of Critical Factors Contributing to International Technological Collaborations: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

International technology-based collaborations require that industry managers adequately deal with multiple factors. This is particularly the case in the pharmaceutical industry where strict standards, advanced technologies, and complex managerial aspects exist. This paper studies the critical factors affecting international technology transfer (TT) projects in the Iranian pharmaceutical industry. To this end, it adopted a qualitative method to investigate participants’ experiences and their viewpoints regarding the factors contributing to TT success. The main finding of the research revealed that, among others, supportive governmental policies and large market size were the main environmental factors which facilitate TT processes. Findings also showed that there are some imperative issues such as regulatory frameworks, lack of intellectual property regimes, and political factors which have to be taken into account in the process of TT.

Company’s Expectation for the Collaboration with Star Scientists: the case of pharmaceutical industry

Company’s Expectation for the Collaboration with Star Scientists: the case of pharmaceutical industry

The Role of Wearable Technologies in Supply Chain Collaboration: A Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

The technological transformation has led to the introduction of mini computers as wearable computers which facilitate users to use the Internet, different applications, messaging, and for calls all on one platform. The focus of these wearable computers in earlier studies has been on consumers and technical aspects, and their application has not been explored from an organizational perspective. This means that the recent introduction of wearable technology has great potential, which is untapped in the organizational context, especially for supply chain collaboration (SC). In this study, wearable technology is thought to offer huge potential for organizations in SC. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically examine the role of wearable technology i.e. Smartwatch in enhancing collaboration among supply chain members with mediating roles of green training (GT) and emotional intelligence (EI). The population of this study is the pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan. Simple random sampling method has been used to collect data from 150 sample size. Data have been collected through offline and online survey method. Data have been analyzed through partial least square-structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results of this study have empirically tested the established conceptual framework. Continuance intention to use smartwatch has a positive effect on SC. Furthermore, GT and EI have mediating roles between continuance intention to use smartwatch and SC. It is concluded that the continuance intention to use smartwatch will increase SC. GT and EI will strengthen the relationship between continuance intention to use smartwatch and SC. The use of wearable technology will motivate employees to communicate rapidly and to monitor their supply chain activities using web-based and other applications. This study has practical implications in organizations and theoretical contribution to literature.

Diversity Management Globalization in Central and Eastern Europe: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

This paper investigates the diversity management in pharmaceutical small and medium-sized enterprises and specifically of their official entities in Central and Eastern Europe.It argues that diversity management measures vary between headquarters and subsidiaries as the country regulations on diversity are different across Europe. Paper employs descriptive statistics showing that the local subsidiaries in Central Europe refer mainly to the code of conduct of the parent company without having their own code of conduct.The paper results demonstrate that diversity management measures differ between headquarters and subsidiaries and many of the diversity dimensions are not covered in the subsidiaries across this region.Key words: Diversity, dimensions, small and medium-sized pharmaceutical companies. JEL Code: M10, M14.

Implementing Delivery Drones in Logistics Business Process: Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

Implementing Delivery Drones in Logistics Business Process: Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

Who needs Access to Research? The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

Watch the VIDEO of the presentation.Despite what many people claim about how Open Access to scientific research will be good for society (beyond academia), the body of literature on the issue of Open Access hardly offers any evidence on that. Anecdotal evidence exists for how some practicing doctors, small companies, policymakers or patient groups can benefit from such access. Yet, there are very few formal studies to quantify or measure such benefits. This study attempts to tackle part of the issue by analyzing citations to research papers in patent documents of US pharmaceutical companies to identify variables that correlate with how much Open Access papers a company cites in its patents. The ratio of citations to OA Journals (as identified in the Directory of Open Access Journals) to all journal citations in a given patent document is treated as the dependent variable in a multiple regression analysis. The main hypothesis to be tested in this study is that the high cost of journal subscription discriminates against small companies leading them to rely more on Open Access references in researching new drugs. Several control parameters are to be included like whether the company co-owns the patent with a university or with a different company, the availability and popularity of open access journals at the year prior to patent grant and whether the patented technology is pharmaceutical or not. The main limitation to the study is that it only considers gold open access papers. While one can argue that clarifying who needs access does not matter because (if the Open Access Movement succeeds) all research will be available for anyone on the internet anyway, this study assumes that such clarification still maters. Knowing who needs access will help to determine the venues where Open Access is to be advocated, the kind of political support the Open Access Movement should get and, perhaps more importantly, who should bear the cost of making the scientific literature Open Access.

IPO 전후 혁신의 효율성 비교 연구: 의약산업 중심으로

IPO 전후 혁신의 효율성 비교 연구: 의약산업 중심으로

An approach to risk Assessment for Outsourcing Logistics: Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

Outsourcing functions such as logistics has become an industry trend towards cost-effectiveness and high service level performance. Many firms have acknowledged the benefits of relying on external experts in a need to empower their abilities. The pharmaceutical industry in particular is challenged by constant evolution of their development and manufacturing processes. Outsourcing logistics becomes then an attractive option for firms to focus on their core competencies. However, alongside the numerous benefits of outsourcing, various risks arise with the implementation of this option. This paper contributes to the literature by presenting a decision model that takes into consideration risks of outsourcing logistics in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Risk identification and a multi-criteria risk assessment model using ELECTRE TRI are described.

A Behavioral Perspective on Inventors’ Mobility: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

Building on existing research on employee mobility, this paper investigates an inventor’s motivation to move and seeks to answer the question of which inventors move. This paper builds on behavioral and prospect theory, particularly, on the literature on managerial risk taking in order to explore the motivational influences on individual mobility across firms in the pharmaceutical industry - specifically how performance deviations from specific reference points (aspirations) explain the likelihood of mobility (a risky action). Our results suggest that when the inventor is performing above her aspiration levels (both historical and social), she is less likely to engage in mobility. For an inventor performing below her aspiration level, we found support for risk taking actions (i.e. more mobility) only for social aspiration levels. Thus mobility is most likely when inventors perform below their social aspiration levels.

Target identification in biological systems using network connectivity information from literature mining databases

We address the automated drug target identification problem for pharmaceutical research. It is often the case in pharmaceutical industry to bring a new promising target to clinical trials only to find that it has serious safety concerns or lack of efficacy. A gene downstream or upstream in the pathway can be a remedy, however, finding such an alternative target using existing in-silico or bench tools can be extremely labor-intensive. Recently, increasing amounts of information and observations have been compiled from different areas of biological research and deposited on databases. In this work we propose a novel computational method to quantify indirect relationships between the objects of biological research of interest by using existing relationships from text mining databases to automate the search for novel biological targets. We applied our method to analyze 9575 proteins in Ariadne database and create a rank-ordered list of proteins that are most similar to the original query. We also compared our method with the Jaccard similarity index for link prediction performance. Our method outperformed the Jaccard method in predicting the existing links for 9575 proteins in the database.

Corporate Governance and the Governance of Innovation: The Case of Pharmaceutical Industry

The paper focuses on some organizationaldynamics that have characterized the pharmaceuticalindustry in the last thirty years, whenbiotechnology and the development of lifesciences have defined a new technologicalparadigm, reshaping many aspects of theindustry, especially the organization ofinnovative activity. We suggest an original interpretation of someorganizational settings, as the increasedimportance of skilled scientists within firmsand the development of inter-organizationalalliances for the division of scientific labor.Following recent theorizing on corporategovernance issues, which points out theintrinsic organizational and relationaldimensions of the resource allocation processesand strategic decision-making, we propose a roleof the organizational practices mentioned aboveon corporate governance, and, in turn, aninfluence of different governance arrangementson innovative activity. We recall moretraditional approaches to the analysis ofcorporate governance, and give a broaderinterpretation to the relevant variablesproposed. Further, relying on more recenttheories and on literature on firm's boundariesand sectoral systems of innovation, we proposeindustry-specific variables forpharmaceuticals, including internal settings aswell as relations with external actors.Preliminary empirical support is given to ourhypotheses, concerning a panel of large USpharmaceutical companies.