Case Of Mediastinal Emphysema Research Articles

Delayed pneumomediastinum following oropharyngeal injury: A report of two pediatric cases

Few reports discuss the severity or course of progression of mediastinal emphysema following oropharyngeal trauma. We report two cases of mediastinal emphysema. The first case was of a 3-year-old girl who fell with a toothbrush in her mouth and the second was of a 10-month boy who tripped with a toy stick in his mouth. These patients were stable on initial examination. However, the patient in case one developed a fever and dysphagia 9 h after injury, and the patient in case two had swelled neck and dyspnea requiring intubation 20 h after injury. Both patients were diagnosed with pneumomediastinum via computed tomography. Therefore, it should be noted that although children with oral trauma appear stable immediately after injury, they may develop delayed mediastinal emphysema.

A Study on 59 Cases of Mediastinal Emphysema by the Causative Mechanism

A Study on 59 Cases of Mediastinal Emphysema by the Causative Mechanism

Efficacy of external fixation of a straight silicone stent in the treatment of subglottic stenosis.

The incidence of subglottic stenosis is rising year by year. For this difficult clinical problem, the efficacies of surgical and bronchoscopic intervention treatments vary. A simple and effective method to affix silicone stents is needed for the treatment of subglottic stenosis. Eight patients suffering from subglottic stenosis underwent straight silicone stent placement with external fixation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College between January 2015 and August 2019. All patients received regular postoperative bronchoscopy. A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the efficacy and complications of the operation. Straight silicone stent placement was successful in seven patients and the external fixation of stents was completed. Symptoms of dyspnea were resolved in seven cases (87.5%), and the mean diameter of the upper trachea was significantly increased from 3.54±0.59 to 12.71±2.42 mm after the operation (t=15.78, P=0.002). The modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale score significantly decreased from 3.4 (2.7, 3.8) to 0.8 (0.4, 1.4) after the operation (Z=-6.63, P=0.001). Postoperative complications were observed, including one case of mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax, two cases of granulation tissue hyperplasia, four cases of intractable cough, six cases of postoperative infection at the external fixation site, one case of postoperative bleeding, and one case of sputum retention. All were promptly treated and quickly controlled. No stent displacement was observed during follow-up. External fixation of straight silicon stents for the treatment of subglottic stenosis had good short-term outcomes and stable stent fixation. The proportion of postoperative infections was high. Therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of this operation need to be considered.

Two Cases of Mediastinal Emphysema after Head and Neck Surgery

Two Cases of Mediastinal Emphysema after Head and Neck Surgery

A case of mediastinal emphysema caused by a CO2 dental laser

A case of mediastinal emphysema caused by a CO₂ dental laser

気管支鏡により発症した縦隔気腫の 1 例

気管支鏡により発症した縦隔気腫の 1 例

バスケットボール練習中に発症した縦隔気腫の 1 例

バスケットボール練習中に発症した縦隔気腫の 1 例

A case of mediastinal emphysema following gastric lavage for oral doxepin poisoning

A case of mediastinal emphysema following gastric lavage for oral doxepin poisoning

A case of mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax developing after Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy

A case of mediastinal emphysema and pneumothorax developing after Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy

A case of mediastinal emphysema caused by dental treatment

A case of mediastinal emphysema caused by dental treatment

Mediastinal emphysema due to an isolated facial trauma

A case of mediastinal emphysema due to an isolated facial trauma, which contributed to the death of an adult male, is reported in this article. A thorough search in the literature reveals only 19 cases of mediastinal emphysema occurring secondary to facial injury, none of which was fatal.

A Case of Mediastinal Emphysema Following the Mandibular Second Molor Extraction

A Case of Mediastinal Emphysema Following the Mandibular Second Molor Extraction

A Case of Mediastinal Emphysema Following the Extraction of Mandibular Third Molor

A Case of Mediastinal Emphysema Following the Extraction of Mandibular Third Molor

抜歯が原因となって発症した頭頚部縦隔気腫症例

A case of mediastinal emphysema in a 37-year-old woman caused by the use of a dental air-turbine during tooth extraction was reported.The air from the air-turbine was blown into the subcutaneous tissue via a pocket in the left mandibular second molar, and this caused emphysema in the left eyelid, left bucca, neck and mediastinum. The authors presented CT-scans of the case as the most useful method for showing the spread of the emphysema. Treatment was designed to avoid infection, since the air is not free of bacteria and the root canal was also infected.The causes of emphysemas related to dental treatment are the following. 1) Use of an air-turbine. 2) Use of an air-syringe. 3) Use of H2O2. 4) Sneezing. The first occurs during tooth extraction, but the second, third and fourth are known to occur after extraction.Mediastinal emphysema caused by dental treatment has been known to dentists but unknown to otorhinolaryngolosists. The most important point in these cases is that if the emphysema is restricted to the face and neck, one should suspect mediastinal emphysema.

Complications in transbronchial lung biopsy.

Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed in 68 patients with various lung diseases. As an inital diagnostic procedure in diffuse and localized lung diseases, trasbronchial lung biopsy offers an attractive alternative to open lung biopsy.Recently imporvement in the development of medical technology has greatly facilitated this technique, but it must be kept in mind that a transbronchial lung biopsy is not without complication and sometimes potentially serious complications may occur.This study documents the complications of transbronchial lung biopsy with 8 cases of pneumothorax (11.8%), one case of mediastinal emphysema (1.5%), 3 cases of hemorrhage (4.4%), 2 cases of cardiac arrythmia (2.9%), but none of them was fatal and they responded well with treatment.

Mediastinal Emphysema in Diabetic Coma

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— The report of four cases of mediastinal emphysema in diabetic coma (208:2315, 1969) prompts us to present an additional example.Report of a Case:— A 16-year-old white male was admitted because of dyspnea and increasing drowsiness of one day's duration, in addition to progressive nausea and vomiting. The blood pressure was 130/80; pulse rate was 140 beats per minute; respiratory rate was 38; and temperature was 100 F (37.8 C). The patient was well developed and well nourished, but barely responsive and markedly cyanotic. Kussmaul respirations and flushed facies were evident. The pupils were dilated and the eyeballs were soft on palpation. The breath sounds were harsh but the lungs were otherwise clear. The heart sounds were distant. The abdomen was mildly rigid and no abnormal masses were present.At the time of admission, urinalysis revealed the following values: pH, 5.0; specific gravity, 1.035; glucose, 4+;

Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax following lower neck surgery.

An unusual, but not rare complication of lower neck surgery is pneumothorax. The association of pneumomediastinum is not coincidental, but is in most cases an integral part of the pathologic mechanism. This complication if unrecognized and untreated may be fatal. The combination of pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax following surgery at the root of the neck was first described, in the earlier literature, as a complication of tracheostomy. In 1884, Champneys 1 reported 82 cases of pneumothorax after tracheostomy, with five known cases of mediastinal emphysema. With the advent of thyroid surgery, this complication was observed with increasing frequency by Buford 2 in 1918, Keis 3 in 1934, and Barrie 4 in 1940. More recently, radical neck surgery has resulted in the alertness to recognize this complication, as reported by Bowden and Schweizer 5 in 1950, Aiken and Smith 6 in 1952, Schweizer and Howland 7 and Marchetta 8 in 1956. The

Pneumomediastinum in the Newborn: A Report of Three Cases

SUMMARY 1) Three cases of mediastinal emphysema in the newborn have been presented. 2) A brief discussion of the etiology, historical background, symptomatology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment has been given.

Acute tension pneumoperitoneum causing tension pneumomediastinum: A preliminary report

1. 1. Three cases of mediastinal emphysema following the introduction of air into the abdominal cavity during celiotomy are described. 2. 2. The etiology and diagnosis are discussed. 3. 3. Certain features common to these and other reported cases of collapse in the immediate postoperative period are emphasized. 4. 4. That pneumomediastinum be considered in the diagnosis of patients showing generalized cyanosis of unknown origin, also postoperative atelectasis, is suggested. 5. 5. Attention is directed to the possibility of air embolism complicating celiotomy, and the law of the abdomen is emphasized.

Mediastinal emphysema: Report of three cases secondary to neck operations

1. 1. In two years three cases of mediastinal emphysema following neck operations have been found in one air force regional station hospital where these operations are relatively infrequent. This suggests that the complication is more prevalent than previous reports indicate. 2. 2. The cases were all mild, which is also a marked contrast to cases in other reports. 3. 3. Routine auscultation of the precordium following surgical procedures on the neck will surely bring to light many more incidents of this entity.